The present invention relates to wireless communication, and more particularly, to apparatus and method for performing a random access procedure.
As an example of a mobile communication system to which the present invention is applicable, a 3rd Generation Partnership Project Long Term Evolution (hereinafter, referred to as LTE) communication system is described in brief.
As illustrated in
As used herein, “downlink” refers to communication from eNodeB 20 to UE 10, and “uplink” refers to communication from the UE to an eNodeB. UE 10 refers to communication equipment carried by a user and may be also referred to as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS) or a wireless device. eNode B 20 may be reffered to as eNB and gNode B (gNB), etc. However, in the following explanation, the term ‘UE’ and ‘eNodeB’ are used for convenience.
As illustrated in
The eNodeB 20 is generally a fixed station that communicates with a UE 10, and may also be referred to as a base station (BS) or an access point. One eNodeB 20 may be deployed per cell. An interface for transmitting user traffic or control traffic may be used between eNodeBs 20.
The MME provides various functions including NAS signaling to eNodeBs 20, NAS signaling security, AS Security control, Inter CN node signaling for mobility between 3GPP access networks, Idle mode UE Reachability (including control and execution of paging retransmission), Tracking Area list management (for UE in idle and active mode), PDN GW and Serving GW selection, MME selection for handovers with MME change, SGSN selection for handovers to 2G or 3G 3GPP access networks, Roaming, Authentication, Bearer management functions including dedicated bearer establishment, Support for PWS (which includes ETWS and CMAS) message transmission. The SAE gateway host provides assorted functions including Per-user based packet filtering (by e.g. deep packet inspection), Lawful Interception, UE IP address allocation, Transport level packet marking in the downlink, UL and DL service level charging, gating and rate enforcement, DL rate enforcement based on APN-AMBR. For clarity MME/SAE gateway 30 will be referred to herein simply as a “gateway,” but it is understood that this entity includes both an MME and an SAE gateway.
A plurality of nodes may be connected between eNodeB 20 and gateway 30 via the S1 interface. The eNodeBs 20 may be connected to each other via an X2 interface and neighboring eNodeBs may have a meshed network structure that has the X2 interface.
As illustrated in
The EPC includes a mobility management entity (MME), a serving-gateway (S-GW), and a packet data network-gateway (PDN-GW). The MME has information about connections and capabilities of UEs, mainly for use in managing the mobility of the UEs. The S-GW is a gateway having the E-UTRAN as an end point, and the PDN-GW is a gateway having a packet data network (PDN) as an end point.
A physical (PHY) layer (L1) of a first layer provides an information transfer service to a higher layer using a physical channel. The PHY layer is connected to a medium access control (MAC) layer located on the higher layer via a transport channel. Data is transported between the MAC layer and the PHY layer via the transport channel. Data is transported between a physical layer of a transmitting side and a physical layer of a receiving side via physical channels. The physical channels use time and frequency as radio resources. In detail, the physical channel is modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) scheme in downlink and is modulated using a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) scheme in uplink.
The MAC layer (L2) of a second layer provides a service to a radio link control (RLC) layer of a higher layer via a logical channel. The RLC layer of the second layer supports reliable data transmission. A function of the RLC layer may be implemented by a functional block of the MAC layer. A packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer of the second layer performs a header compression function to reduce unnecessary control information for efficient transmission of an Internet protocol (IP) packet such as an IP version 4 (IPv4) packet or an IP version 6 (IPv6) packet in a radio interface having a relatively small bandwidth.
A radio resource control (RRC) layer located at the bottom of a third layer is defined only in the control plane. The RRC layer controls logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels in relation to configuration, re-configuration, and release of radio bearers (RBs). An RB refers to a service that the second layer provides for data transmission between the UE and the E-UTRAN. To this end, the RRC layer of the UE and the RRC layer of the E-UTRAN exchange RRC messages with each other.
One cell of the eNB is set to operate in one of bandwidths such as 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, and 20 MHz and provides a downlink or uplink transmission service to a plurality of UEs in the bandwidth. Different cells may be set to provide different bandwidths.
Downlink transport channels for transmission of data from the E-UTRAN to the UE include a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmission of system information, a paging channel (PCH) for transmission of paging messages, and a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmission of user traffic or control messages. Traffic or control messages of a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted through the downlink SCH and may also be transmitted through a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH).
Uplink transport channels for transmission of data from the UE to the E-UTRAN include a random access channel (RACH) for transmission of initial control messages and an uplink SCH for transmission of user traffic or control messages. Logical channels that are defined above the transport channels and mapped to the transport channels include a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).
In the development to a New Radio Access Technology (NR), NR system should be able to use frequency bands up to 100 GHz. In NR, random access (RA) procedure may be an essential procedure for all UEs when establishing an RRC Connection or scheduling, increased latency. It is not desirable that random access preamble collision between UEs is not desirable. Therefore, a new method is required in supporting RA procedure with NR system.
An object of the present invention devised to solve the problem lies in a method for a user equipment (UE) performing a random access procedure.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a user equipment (UE) for performing a random access procedure.
The technical objects that can be achieved through the present invention are not limited to what has been particularly described hereinabove and other technical objects not described herein will be more clearly understood by persons skilled in the art from the following detailed description.
The object of the present invention can be achieved by providing a method for a user equipment (UE) performing a random access procedure, the method includes transmitting a first random access preamble; receiving a message including a backoff indicator (BI) and a backoff offset (BO) value; when a random access using the first random access preamble fails, selecting a backoff time based on the BI and the BO value; and transmitting a second random access preamble after the selected backoff time. The selecting may comprises selecting the backoff time between the BO value and the BI. The BO value is larger than 0. The random access using the first random access preamble fails when UE fails a random access response (RAR) reception or a contention resolution is not successful. The backoff time may be randomly selected between the BO value and the BI. The BO value is associated with an event which triggers the random access procedure. The message includes a random access response (RAR) message.
In another aspect of the present invention, provided herein is a user equipment (UE) for performing a random access procedure, the UE comprises a transmitter configured to transmit a first random access preamble; a receiver configured to receive a message including a backoff indicator (BI) and a backoff offset (BO) value; and a processor configured to select a backoff time based on the BI and the BO value when a random access using the first random access preamble fails, wherein the transmitter is further configured to transmit a second random access preamble after the selected backoff time. The processor may be further configured to select the backoff time between the BO value and the BI. The BO value is larger than 0. The random access using the first random access preamble fails when UE fails a random access response (RAR) reception or a contention resolution is not successful. The processor may be further configured to select randomly the backoff time between the BO value and the BI. The BO value is associated with an event which triggers the random access procedure. The message includes a random access response (RAR) message.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, by performing random access procedure, collision probability of UEs in a random access procedure may be decrease.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the effects that can be achieved through the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to those described above and other effects of the present disclosure will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description.
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the invention.
Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description, which will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, is intended to explain exemplary embodiments of the present invention, rather than to show the only embodiments that can be implemented according to the invention.
The following detailed description includes specific details in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without such specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are omitted or are shown in block diagram form, focusing on important features of the structures and devices, so as not to obscure the concept of the invention.
As described before, the following description relates to a wireless communication system supporting random access procedure (RAP). So, the details of the RAP is explained first.
(1) Random Access Preamble Assignment (S401)
The non-contention based random access procedure can be performed for two cases, i.e., (1) when the user equipment performs a handover procedure, and (2) when requested by a command of the base station. Of course, the contention based random access procedure may also be performed for the two cases.
First of all, for non-contention based random access procedure, it is important that the user equipment receives information of a designated (or dedicated) random access preamble having no possibility of contention from the base station. Examples of a method of receiving a random access preamble include a method through a handover command and a method through a PDCCH command. A random access preamble is assigned to the user equipment through the method of receiving information of a random access preamble (S401).
(2) First Message Transmission
As described above, after receiving a random access preamble designated only for the user equipment, the user equipment transmits the preamble to the base station (S402).
(3) Second Message Reception
After the user equipment transmits the random access preamble in step S402, the base station tries to receive its random access response within a random access response receiving window indicated through system information or handover command (S403). In more detail, the random access response can be transmitted in the form of a MAC protocol data unit (MAC PDU), and the MAC PDU can be transferred through a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH). Also, it is preferable that the user equipment monitors a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) to appropriately receive information transferred to the PDSCH. Namely, it is preferable that the PDCCH includes information of a user equipment which should receive the PDSCH, frequency and time information of radio resources of the PDSCH, and a transport format of the PDSCH. If the user equipment successfully receives the PDCCH transmitted thereto, the user equipment can appropriately receive a random access response transmitted to the PDSCH in accordance with the information of the PDCCH. The random access response can include a random access preamble identifier (ID) (for example, random access preamble identifier (RA-RNTI)), uplink grant indicating uplink radio resources, a temporary C-RNTI, and timing advance command (TAC) values.
As described above, the random access preamble identifier is required for the random access response to indicate whether the uplink grant, the temporary C-RNTI and the TAC values are effective for what user equipment as random access response information for one or more user equipments can be included in one random access response. In this case, it is assumed that the user equipment selects a random access preamble identifier corresponding to the random access preamble selected in step S402.
In the non-contention based random access procedure, the user equipment can terminate the random access procedure after determining that the random access procedure has been normally performed by receiving the random access response information.
(1) First Message Transmission
First of all, the user equipment randomly selects one random access preamble from a set of random access preambles indicated through system information or handover command, and selects a physical RACH (PRACH) resource that can transmit the random access preamble (S501).
(2) Second Message Reception
A method of receiving random access response information is similar to that of the aforementioned non-contention based random access procedure. Namely, after the user equipment transmits the random access preamble in step S402, the base station tries to receive its random access response within a random access response receiving window indicated through system information or handover command, and receives the PDSCH through corresponding random access identifier information (S502). In this case, the base station can receive uplink grant, a temporary C-RNTI, and timing advance command (TAC) values.
(3) Third Message Transmission
If the user equipment receives its effective random access response, the user equipment respective processes information included in the random access response. Namely, the user equipment applies TAC and store a temporary C-RNTI. Also, the user equipment transmits data (i.e., third message) to the base station using UL grant (S503). The third message should include a user equipment identifier. This is because that the base station needs to identify user equipments which perform the contention based random access procedure, thereby avoiding contention later.
Two methods have been discussed to include the user equipment identifier in the third message. In the first method, if the user equipment has an effective cell identifier previously assigned from a corresponding cell before the random access procedure, the user equipment transmits its cell identifier through an uplink transport signal corresponding to the UL grant. On the other hand, if the user equipment does not have an effective cell identifier previously assigned from a corresponding cell before the random access procedure, the user equipment transmits its cell identifier including its unique identifier (for example, S-TMSI or random ID). Generally, the unique identifier is longer than the cell identifier. If the user equipment transmits data corresponding to the UL grant, the user equipment starts a contention resolution timer.
(4) Fourth Message Reception
After transmitting data including its identifier through UL grant included in the random access response, the user equipment waits for a command of the base station for contention resolution. Namely, the user equipment tries to receive the PDCCH to receive a specific message (504). Two methods have been discussed to receive the PDCCH. As described above, if the third message is transmitted to correspond to the UL grant using the user equipment identifier, the user equipment tries to receive the PDCCH using its cell identifier. If the user equipment identifier is a unique identifier of the user equipment, the user equipment tries to receive the PDCCH using a temporary cell identifier included in the random access response. Afterwards, in case of the first method, if the user equipment receives the PDCCH through its cell identifier before the contention resolution timer expires, the user equipment determines that the random access procedure has been performed normally, and ends the random access procedure. In case of the second method, if the user equipment receives the PDCCH through the temporary cell identifier before the contention resolution timer expires, the user equipment identifies data transferred from the PDSCH. If the unique identifier of the user equipment is included in the data, the user equipment determines that the random access procedure has been performed normally, and ends the random access procedure.
Random Access Procedure
Description related to random access procedure of 3GPP LTE/LTE-A standard document is as following.
The random access procedure is characterized by:
The random access procedure is performed for the following events related to the PCell:
The random access procedure is also performed on a SCell to establish time alignment for the corresponding sTAG.
In DC, the random access procedure is also performed on at least PSCell upon SCG addition/modification, if instructed, or upon DL/UL data arrival during RRC_CONNECTED requiring random access procedure. The UE initiated random access procedure is performed only on PSCell for SCG.
Furthermore, the random access procedure takes two distinct forms:
Normal DL/UL transmission can take place after the random access procedure.
An RN supports both contention-based and non-contention-based random access. When an RN performs the random access procedure, it suspends any current RN subframe configuration, meaning it temporarily disregards the RN subframe configuration. The RN subframe configuration is resumed at successful random access procedure completion.
For NB-IoT, the random access procedure is performed on the anchor carrier.
Contention Based Random Access Procedure
Description related to contention based random access procedure of 3GPP LTE/LTE-A standard document is as following.
The contention based random access procedure is outlined on the
The four steps of the contention based random access procedures are:
1) Random Access Preamble on RACH in uplink:
2) Random Access Response generated by MAC on DL-SCH:
3) First scheduled UL transmission on UL-SCH:
4) Contention Resolution on DL:
The Temporary C-RNTI is promoted to C-RNTI for a UE which detects RA success and does not already have a C-RNTI; it is dropped by others. A UE which detects RA success and already has a C-RNTI, resumes using its C-RNTI.
When CA is configured, the first three steps of the contention based random access procedures occur on the PCell while contention resolution (step 4) can be cross-scheduled by the PCell.
When DC is configured, the first three steps of the contention based random access procedures occur on the PCell in MCG and PSCell in SCG. When CA is configured in SCG, the first three steps of the contention based random access procedures occur on the PSCell while contention resolution (step 4) can be cross-scheduled by the PSCell.
Non-Contention Based Random Access Procedure
Description related to non-contention random access procedure of 3GPP LTE/LTE-A standard document is as following.
The non-contention based random access procedure is outlined on the
The three steps of the non-contention based random access procedures are:
0) Random Access Preamble assignment via dedicated signalling in DL:
1) Random Access Preamble on RACH in uplink:
2) Random Access Response on DL-SCH:
When performing non-contention based random access on the PCell while CA is configured, the Random Access Preamble assignment via PDCCH of step 0, step 1 and 2 of the non-contention based random access procedure occur on the PCell. In order to establish timing advance for a sTAG, the eNB may initiate a non-contention based random access procedure with a PDCCH order (step 0) that is sent on a scheduling cell of activated SCell of the sTAG. Preamble transmission (step 1) is on the indicated SCell and Random Access Response (step 2) takes place on PCell.
When performing non-contention based random access on the PCell or PSCell while DC is configured, the Random Access Preamble assignment via PDCCH of step 0, step 1 and 2 of the non-contention based random access procedure occur on the corresponding cell. In order to establish timing advance for a sTAG, the eNB may initiate a non-contention based random access procedure with a PDCCH order (step 0) that is sent on a scheduling cell of activated SCell of the sTAG not including PSCell. Preamble transmission (step 1) is on the indicated SCell and Random Access Response (step 2) takes place on PCell for MCG and PSCell for SCG.
Random Access Procedure Initialization
Description related to random access procedure initialization of 3GPP LTE/LTE-A standard document is as following.
The Random Access procedure described in this subclause is initiated by a PDCCH order, by the MAC sublayer itself or by the RRC sublayer. Random Access procedure on an SCell shall only be initiated by a PDCCH order. If a MAC entity receives a PDCCH transmission consistent with a PDCCH order [5] masked with its C-RNTI, and for a specific Serving Cell, the MAC entity shall initiate a Random Access procedure on this Serving Cell. For Random Access on the SpCell a PDCCH order or RRC optionally indicate the ra-PreambleIndex and the ra-PRACH-MaskIndex, except for NB-IoT where the subcarrier index is indicated; and for Random Access on an SCell, the PDCCH order indicates the ra-PreambleIndex with a value different from 000000 and the ra-PRACH-MaskIndex. For the pTAG preamble transmission on PRACH and reception of a PDCCH order are only supported for SpCell. If the UE is an NB-IoT UE and is configured with a non-anchor carrier, the Random Access procedure is performed on the anchor carrier or one of the non-anchor carriers for which PRACH resource has been configured.
Before the procedure can be initiated, the following information for related Serving Cell is assumed to be available for UEs other than NB-IoT UEs, BL UEs or UEs in enhanced coverage [8], unless explicitly stated otherwise:
The preambles that are contained in Random Access Preambles group A and Random Access Preambles group B are calculated from the parameters numberOfRA-Preambles and sizeOfRA-PreamblesGroupA:
If sizeOfRA-PreamblesGroupA is equal to numberOfRA-Preambles then there is no Random Access Preambles group B. The preambles in Random Access Preamble group A are the preambles 0 to sizeOfRA-PreamblesGroupA-1 and, if it exists, the preambles in Random Access Preamble group B are the preambles sizeOfRA-PreamblesGroupA to numberOfRA-Preambles-1 from the set of 64 preambles as defined in [7].
NOTE: The above parameters may be updated from upper layers before each Random Access procedure is initiated.
The following information for related Serving Cell is assumed to be available before the procedure can be initiated for NB-IoT UEs, BL UEs or UEs in enhanced coverage [8]:
The preambles that are contained in Random Access Preamble groups for each enhanced coverage level, if it exists, are the preambles firstPreamble to lastPreamble.
If sizeOfRA-PreamblesGroupA is not equal to numberOfRA-Preambles, Random Access Preambles group B exists for all enhanced coverage levels and is calculated as above.
NOTE: If Random Access Preamble group B exists, the eNB should ensure that at least one Random Access Preamble is contained in Random Access Preamble group A and Random Access Preamble group B for all enhanced coverage level.
The Random Access procedure shall be performed as follows:
NOTE: There is only one Random Access procedure ongoing at any point in time in a MAC entity. If the MAC entity receives a request for a new Random Access procedure while another is already ongoing in the MAC entity, it is up to UE implementation whether to continue with the ongoing procedure or start with the new procedure.
NOTE: A NB-IoT UE measures RSRP on the anchor carrier.
Random Access Resource Selection
Description related to random access resource selection of 3GPP LTE/LTE-A standard document is as following.
The Random Access Resource selection procedure shall be performed as follows:
Random Access Preamble Transmission
Description related to random access preamble transmission of 3GPP LTE/LTE-A standard document is as following.
The random-access procedure shall be performed as follows:
Random Access Response Reception
Description related to random access response reception of 3GPP LTE/LTE-A standard document is as following.
Once the Random Access Preamble is transmitted and regardless of the possible occurrence of a measurement gap or a Sidelink Discovery Gap for Transmission or a Sidelink Discovery Gap for Reception, the MAC entity shall monitor the PDCCH of the SpCell for Random Access Response(s) identified by the RA-RNTI defined below, in the RA Response window which starts at the subframe that contains the end of the preamble transmission [7] plus three subframes and has length ra-ResponseWindowSize. If the UE is a BL UE or a UE in enhanced coverage, RA Response window starts at the subframe that contains the end of the last preamble repetition plus three subframes and has length ra-ResponseWindowSize for the corresponding coverage level. If the UE is an NB-IoT UE, in case the number of NPRACH repetitions is greater than or equal to 64, RA Response window starts at the subframe that contains the end of the last preamble repetition plus 41 subframes and has length ra-ResponseWindowSize for the corresponding coverage level, and in case the number of NPRACH repetitions is less than 64, RA Response window starts at the subframe that contains the end of the last preamble repetition plus 4 subframes and has length ra-ResponseWindowSize for the corresponding coverage level. The RA-RNTI associated with the PRACH in which the Random Access Preamble is transmitted, is computed as:
RA-RNTI=1+t_id+10*f_id
where t_id is the index of the first subframe of the specified PRACH (0=t_id<10), and f_id is the index of the specified PRACH within that subframe, in ascending order of frequency domain (0≤=f_id<6) except for NB-IoT UEs, BL UEs or UEs in enhanced coverage. If the PRACH resource is on a TDD carrier, the f_id is set to fRA, where fRA is defined in Section 5.7.1 of [7].
For BL UEs and UEs in enhanced coverage, RA-RNTI associated with the PRACH in which the Random Access Preamble is transmitted, is computed as:
RA-RNTI=1+t_id+10*f_id+60*(SFN_id mod (Wmax/10))
where t_id is the index of the first subframe of the specified PRACH (0=t_id<10), f_id is the index of the specified PRACH within that subframe, in ascending order of frequency domain (0≤=f_id<6), SFN id is the index of the first radio frame of the specified PRACH, and Wmax is 400, maximum possible RAR window size in subframes for BL UEs or UEs in enhanced coverage. If the PRACH resource is on a TDD carrier, the f_id is set to fRA, where fRA is defined in Section 5.7.1 of [7].
For NB-IoT UEs, the RA-RNTI associated with the PRACH in which the Random Access Preamble is transmitted, is computed as:
RA-RNTI=1+floor(SFN_id/4)+256*carrier_id
where SFN_id is the index of the first radio frame of the specified PRACH and carrier_id is the index of the UL carrier associated with the specified PRACH. The carrier_id of the anchor carrier is 0.
The MAC entity may stop monitoring for Random Access Response(s) after successful reception of a Random Access Response containing Random Access Preamble identifiers that matches the transmitted Random Access Preamble.
NOTE: When an uplink transmission is required, e.g., for contention resolution, the eNB should not provide a grant smaller than 56 bits (or 88 bits for NB-IoT) in the Random Access Response.
NOTE: If within a Random Access procedure, an uplink grant provided in the Random Access Response for the same group of Random Access Preambles has a different size than the first uplink grant allocated during that Random Access procedure, the UE behavior is not defined.
If no Random Access Response is received within the RA Response window, or if none of all received Random Access Responses contains a Random Access Preamble identifier corresponding to the transmitted Random Access Preamble, the Random Access Response reception is considered not successful and the MAC entity shall:
Editor's note: In Rel-13 the eNB knows exactly which preamble/subcarrier the UE will use when the RA is triggered by a PDCCH order with non-zero preambleIndex, even if the UE changes CE level. However, when the PRACH resource is randomly selected at every CE level change this will no longer be the case. Whether this issue needs to be addressed is FF S.
Contention Resolution
Description related to contention resolution of 3GPP LTE/LTE-A standard document is as following.
Contention Resolution is based on either C-RNTI on PDCCH of the SpCell or UE Contention Resolution Identity on DL-SCH. If the UE is an NB-IoT UE, a BL UE or a UE in enhanced coverage, the MAC entity shall use the mac-ContentionResolutionTimer for the corresponding enhanced coverage level if it exists.
Once Msg3 is transmitted, the MAC entity shall:
Completion of the Random Access Procedure
Description related to completion of random access procedure of 3GPP LTE/LTE-A standard document is as following.
At completion of the Random Access procedure, the MAC entity shall:
In addition, the RN shall resume the suspended RN subframe configuration, if any.
The Table 1 illustrates values of backoff parameter except for NB-IoT in a random access procedure.
The reserved values of the backoff parameter in the Table 1, if received by the current release version UEs, shall be taken as 960 ms.
The Table 2 illustrates values of backoff parameter for NB-IoT.
The reserved values of the backoff parameter in the Table 2, if received by the current release version NB-IoT UEs, shall be taken as 524288 ms.
MAC PDU (Random Access Response)
A MAC Protocol Data Unit (MAC PDU) consists of a MAC header and zero or more MAC Random Access Responses (MAC RAR) and optionally padding as described in the
A MAC PDU header consists of one or more MAC PDU subheaders; each subheader corresponding to a MAC RAR except for the Backoff Indicator subheader. If included, the Backoff Indicator subheader is only included once and is the first subheader included within the MAC PDU header.
A MAC PDU subheader consists of the three header fields E/T/RAPID (as described in the
A MAC RAR consists of the four fields R/Timing Advance Command/UL Grant/Temporary C-RNTI (as described in the
Random Access Procedure with Backoff Indicator (BI)
In LTE/LTE-A Random Access procedure, a UE may receive a Backoff Indicator (BI) (e.g., as a type of backoff indicator subheader) via Random Access Response (RAR). The BI indicates backoff parameter value. In case of RAR reception failure, the UE selects one backoff time value from 0 to backoff parameter (or value of backoff parameter) as indicated by BI (as illustrated in the Table 1 and Table 2). In this case, it may be assumed that UEs know information of the Table 1 and the Table 2 in advance. The UE may delay the subsequent RAP transmission by the selected backoff time.
In selecting the backoff time, the UE performs a uniform random draw with equal probability. The UE doesn't take any priority of data or event into account in the LTE/LTE-A random access procedure. In other words, there has been no prioritization between data/events in the LTE/LTE-A random access procedure. Accordingly, a UE which triggers the random access procedure for RRC Connection establishment may delay RAP transmission by a longer time than a UE which triggers random access procedure already in RRC Connected.
For the NR, the present invention proposes to differentiate events of triggering RA procedure so that urgent/important event/data is prioritized over non-urgent/unimportant event. For example, a short BI (or small backoff parameter value) is given (or applied) for urgent/important event/data while a long BI (or large backoff parameter value) is given (or applied) for non-urgent/unimportant event/data. This proposal is to enable fast RAP transmission for the prioritized event/data.
However, since a UE with lower priority is still allowed to select a backoff time within the small range of backoff parameters (or backoff parameter values), fast random access preamble (RAP) retransmission according to selection of a backoff time within the small range of backoff parameter values leads to congestion within the small range of backoff parameter values. For example, if a UE with higher priority selects a backoff time between 0 and B1 while a UE with lower priority selects a backoff time between 0 and B2 (where B1<B2, accordingly, a range of [0, Bl] is smaller than a range of [0, B2]). The collision probability of UEs within [0, B1] will higher than the collision probability of UEs within [B1, B2]. Thus, even though the UE with highest priority transmits RAP earlier than other UEs, the UE with highest priority may fail RAP transmission due to increased collision. Therefore, it is required to prevent a UE with lower priority from selecting a backoff time which is allowed for a UE with higher priority. For example, the UE with lower priority may select a backoff time within a range of [B1, B2], the UE with higher priority may select a backoff time within a range of [0, B1].
Random Access Procedure with Backoff Indicator (BI) and Backoff Offset
A UE is provided with a backoff offset (or backoff offset value) as well as backoff indicator from a network (e.g., gNodeB). As described above, the backoff parameter value is indicated by the backoff indicator. The UE uses the backoff offset value as a minimum boundary when selecting a backoff time for transmitting a Random Access Preamble (RAP). In other words, the UE selects a backoff time for transmitting a subsequent RAP between backoff offset value and backoff parameter value (i.e., within a range of [backoff offset value, backoff parameter value]). When selecting the backoff offset value for transmitting the subsequent RAP, the UE may select the backoff time between backoff offset value and backoff parameter value according to a uniform distribution. Then, the UE may delay the transmission of the subsequent RAP by the selected backoff time.
As described above, the UE receives a backoff offset value from a network (e.g., gNodeB) as follows. For example, the UE may receive one or more BOs from the network. In the case, the UE may receive one backoff offset value, the UE uses the backoff offset value regardless of an event that triggers a random access (RA) procedure.
Meanwhile, the UE may receive more than one backoff offset values, each of the one or more backoff offset values is associated with an event that iniaties a RA procedure. For example, backoff offset 1 is associated with a Random Access (RA) procedure triggered by UL data arrival, while backoff offset 2 is associated with a RA procedure triggered for RRC Connection establishment. Alternatively, the UE may receive only one backoff offset value, and adjust the received backoff offset value depending on the event that initiates the RA procedure.
The UE may receive the backoff offset value through an MAC signaling or an RRC signaling. The MAC signaling is, for example, an Random Access Response (RAR) message; the RRC signaling is, for example, an RRC reconfiguration message including information related to a random access procedure.
An example steps in an RA procedure is described below and illustrated in
The Present invention proposes method for performing random access procedure by the UE when a random access using a random access preamble fails. For example, when (1) the UE fails a random access response (RAR) reception or (2) a contention resolution is not successful, the random access using the first random access preamble may fail.
The UE initiates a random access (RA) procedure. The UE selects a random access resource to transmit a random access preamble (RAP). The UE transmits the RAP on the selected random access resource. The UE monitors an RAR in response to the transmitted RAP during an RAR window.
(1) The UE fails a random access response (RAR) reception
The UE receives the RAR including a Backoff Indicator (BI) (e.g., as a type of Backoff Indicator subheader) and a backoff offset value. If the RAR doesn't include the RAP that the UE transmitted, the UE sets the backoff parameter value as indicated by the backoff indicator (or backoff indicator subheader).
If RAR window expires and RAR reception fails, the UE performs a subsequent RAP transmission as follows. The UE selects a (random) backoff time based on the backoff parameter value and backoff offset value between backoff offset value and the backoff parameter value. The random backoff time may be selected according to a uniform distribution between backoff offset value and the backoff parameter value. The UE delays the subsequent RAP transmission by the selected backoff time, which is randomly selected between the Backoff Offset and the Backoff Parameter. The UE transmits another RAP after the selected backoff time. The UE receives an RAR in response to the transmitted RAP during an RAR window.
(2) A contention resolution is not successful
The UE transmits an Msg3 by using an UL grant indicated by the RAR. The Msg3 is defined as message transmitted on UL-SCH containing a C-RNTI MAC CE or CCCH SDU, submitted from upper layer and associated with the UE Contention Resolution Identity, as part of a random access procedure. After sending the Msg3, if the Contention Resolution is not successful, the UE performs a subsequent RAP transmission as follows. The UE selects a (random) backoff time based on the backoff parameter value and backoff offset value. The backoff time may be selected according to a uniform distribution between backoff offset value and the backoff parameter value. The UE delays the subsequent RAP transmission by the selected backoff time, which is randomly selected between the backoff offset and the backoff parameter value. The UE transmits another RAP after the selected backoff time.
In case the UE receives multiple backoff offset values, the UE may select a backoff time by using one of the multiple backoff offset values depending on the event that initiates the RA procedure. The UE may select one of the multiple backoff offset values which is associated with the event that initiates the RA procedure; then, the UE may use the selected backoff offset value as a minimum boundary for the uniform distribution.
In summary, during the RA procedure, the UE selects the backoff time according to a uniform distribution between the Backoff Offset and the Backoff Parameter in case of RAR reception failure or Contention Resolution failure. And then, the UE transmits another RAP after the selected backoff time.
The apparatus shown in
As shown in
Specifically,
Also,
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
The embodiments of the present invention described herein below are combinations of elements and features of the present invention. The elements or features may be considered selective unless otherwise mentioned. Each element or feature may be practiced without being combined with other elements or features. Further, an embodiment of the present invention may be constructed by combining parts of the elements and/or features. Operation orders described in embodiments of the present invention may be rearranged. Some constructions of any one embodiment may be included in another embodiment and may be replaced with corresponding constructions of another embodiment. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that claims that are not explicitly cited in each other in the appended claims may be presented in combination as an embodiment of the present invention or included as a new claim by subsequent amendment after the application is filed.
In the embodiments of the present invention, a specific operation described as performed by the BS may be performed by an upper node of the BS. Namely, it is apparent that, in a network comprised of a plurality of network nodes including a BS, various operations performed for communication with an MS may be performed by the BS, or network nodes other than the BS. The term ‘eNB’ may be replaced with the term ‘fixed station’, ‘Node B’, ‘Base Station (BS)’, ‘access point’, ‘gNB’, etc.
The above-described embodiments may be implemented by various means, for example, by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
In a hardware configuration, the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented by one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, or microprocessors.
In a firmware or software configuration, the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in the form of modules, procedures, functions, etc. performing the above-described functions or operations. Software code may be stored in a memory unit and executed by a processor. The memory unit may be located at the interior or exterior of the processor and may transmit and receive data to and from the processor via various known means.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention may be carried out in other specific ways than those set forth herein without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. The above embodiments are therefore to be construed in all aspects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention should be determined by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, not by the above description, and all changes coming within the meaning and equivalency range of the appended claims are intended to be embraced therein.
While the above-described method has been described centering on an example applied to the 3GPP system, the present invention is applicable to a variety of wireless communication systems, e.g. IEEE system, in addition to the 3GPP system.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/KR2018/003967 | 4/4/2018 | WO | 00 |
Number | Date | Country | |
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62481599 | Apr 2017 | US |