Patent Grant
11518964
The present application is a national stage entry according to 35 U.S.C. § 371 of PCT application No.: PCT/EP2018/079198 filed on Oct. 24, 2018; which claims priority to German Patent Application Serial No.: 10 2017 223 280.3, which was filed on Dec. 19, 2017; which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety and for all purposes.
The content of the ASCII text file of the sequence listing named “P75588US_seq_ST25”, which is 13 kb in size was created on Dec. 19, 2017 and electronically submitted via EFS-Web herewith the application is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Cleaning agents based on linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (hereinafter also referred to simply as LAS) may include at least one specific amylase and a specific protease, and the use thereof for cleaning and/or disinfecting surfaces, in particular hard surfaces.
The use of amylases and proteases in cleaning agents, in particular dishwashing detergents, is known per se. However, the cleaning performance of ordinary amylases and proteases in LAS-containing cleaning agents is moderate. In addition, common proteases in LAS-containing cleaning agents are actually unstable. However, there is a need for LAS-containing cleaning agents which have improved cleaning performance, in particular against stains that contain starch and protein.
It is desirable to have a LAS-containing cleaning agent which has an improved cleaning performance, in particular with respect to stains that contain starch and protein.
It has now surprisingly been found that a combination of a specific amylase and a specific protease in a LAS-containing cleaning agent may be used for cleaning and/or disinfecting surfaces.
In a first aspect, a cleaning composition may include:
“At least one,” as used herein, refers to 1 or more, for example 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or more. In connection with components of the compound described herein, this information does not refer to the absolute amount of molecules, but to the type of the component. “At least one fatty alcohol ether sulfate” therefore means, for example, one or more different types of fatty alcohol ether sulfates. Together with amounts, the amounts refer to the total amount of the corresponding designated type of ingredient.
Unless otherwise indicated, all amounts indicated in connection with the agents described herein refer to wt. %, in each case based on the total weight of the agent. Moreover, amounts that relate to at least one component always relate to the total amount of this type of component contained in the composition, unless explicitly indicated otherwise. This means that specified amounts of this type, for example in connection with “at least one linear alkylbenzene sulfonate,” refer to the total amount of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate contained in the composition.
Unless otherwise stated, the number-average and weight-average molecular weights are determined by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using polystyrene standards.
According to a non-limiting embodiment, the cleaning agent comprises a linear alkylbenzene sulfonate or two or more linear alkylbenzene sulfonates as anionic surfactant(s). The cleaning agent contains 6 to 26 wt. %, in particular 8 to 25 wt. %, such as from 10 to 24 wt. %, of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate(s), based on the total weight of the cleaning agent. Linear alkylbenzene sulfonates are inexpensive to obtain, and therefore are the main surfactant in the cleaning agent. Linear alkylbenzene sulfonates usually also have an aliphatic straight-chain or mono- or multi-branched, acyclic, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated alkyl side chain having 6 to 22, such as from 8 to 20, in particular 10 to 16 and such as from 10 to 13 carbon atoms on the benzene ring, in addition to a sulfonic acid or sulfonate group. In embodiments these are the sodium salts of the linear alkylbenzene sulfonates.
According to a non-limiting embodiment, the cleaning agent also contains one or more fatty alcohol ether sulfates. Fatty alcohol ether sulfates allow a stable foam volume in the presence of dirt, in particular fatty stains on the surfaces to be cleaned or in water. Fatty alcohol ether sulfates are products of sulfation reactions on alkoxylated alcohols. A person skilled in the art generally understands alkoxylated alcohols to be the reaction products of alkylene oxide, such as ethylene oxide, with alcohols, such as with longer-chain alcohols, i.e. with aliphatic straight-chain or mono- or multi-branched, acyclic or cyclic, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated, such as straight-chain, acyclic, saturated alcohols having 6 to 22, such as 8 to 18, in particular 10 to 16 or from 12 to 14 carbon atoms. In general, n mol ethylene oxide and one mol alcohol results, depending on the reaction conditions, in a complex mixture of addition products having different degrees of ethoxylation (n=1 to 30, such as 1 to 20, in particular 1 to 10, such as 2 to 4).
A further embodiment of the alkoxylation consists in using mixtures of the alkylene oxides, such as the mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. Non-limiting examples are low-ethoxylated fatty alcohols having 1 to 4 ethylene oxide units (EO), in particular 1 to 2 EO, for example 2 EO such as Na—C12-C14 fatty alcohols+2 EO sulfate.
The cleaning agent, in particular a hand dishwashing detergent, contains one or more fatty alcohol ether sulfates in an amount of from 2 to 12 wt. %, in particular from 4 to 10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cleaning agent.
The total surfactant content of the cleaning agent ranges from 8 to 50 wt. %, in particular in the range of from 20 to 40 wt. %.
Surprisingly, it has been found that a weight ratio of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate to fatty alcohol ether sulfate, if present, in the range of from 2:1 to 5:1, such as from 4:1 to 3:1, may be used. In this case, a good foam volume is achieved by the linear alkylbenzene sulfonate. This also remains stable for a corresponding proportion of fatty alcohol ether sulfate over an adequate period of time in the presence of in particular fatty contaminants.
According to a non-limiting embodiment, the cleaning agent further contains at least one amylase which has at least 90% sequence identity with the amino acid sequence given in SEQ ID NO:1 or SEQ ID NO:2 over the entire length. In various embodiments, the amino acid sequence has at least 90.5, 91, 91.5, 92, 92.5, 93, 93.5, 94, 94.5, 95, 95.5, 96, 96.2, 96.4, 96.6, 96.8, 97.0, 97.2, 97.4, 97.6, 97.8, 98.0, 98.2, 98.4, 98.6, 98.8, 99.0, 99.1, 99.2, 99.3, 99.4, 99.5, 99.6, 99.7, 99.8, 99.9, or 100.0% sequence identity with the amino acid sequence given in SEQ ID NO:1 or SEQ ID NO:2 over the entire length. In various embodiments, the amylase consists of such a sequence, in particular from the sequence given in SEQ ID NO:1 or in SEQ ID NO:2.
In further embodiments, variants of these amylases are also included which are shorter than the N- and/or C-terminal sequences described above or are extended by 1-50 amino acids and/or have insertions, substitutions or deletions, but with the amylase activity being retained, in particular being at least 70% of the activity of the non-shortened/non-extended/non-mutated enzyme.
In various embodiments, the cleaning agent may also contain a combination of two or more amylases, with each being as defined above. In particular, a first amylase can be contained which has at least 90% sequence identity with the amino acid sequence given in SEQ ID NO:1 over the entire length, and a second amylase which has at least 90% sequence identity with the amino acid sequence given in SEQ ID NO:2 over the entire length. All the embodiments generally disclosed above in connection with the amylases, in particular with regard to sequence identity and variants, are also applicable to any of the amylases in such a combination of two amylases.
The total content of these amylases is 1×10−8 to 5 wt. % based on active protein. The amylases are contained in agents in an amount of ranging from 1×10−7 to 3 wt. %, from 0.00001 to 1 wt. %, from 0.00005 to 0.5 wt. %, from 0.0001 to 0.1 wt. %, or from 0.0001 to 0.05 wt. %, in each case based on active protein.
According to a non-limiting embodiment, the cleaning agent further contains at least one protease which has at least 90% sequence identity with the amino acid sequence given in SEQ ID NO:3 or SEQ ID NO:4 over the entire length. In various embodiments, the amino acid sequence has at least 90.5, 91, 91.5, 92, 92.5, 93, 93.5, 94, 94.5, 95, 95.5, 96, 96.2, 96.4, 96.6, 96.8, 97.0, 97.2, 97.4, 97.6, 97.8, 98.0, 98.2, 98.4, 98.6, 98.8, 99.0, 99.1, 99.2, 99.3, 99.4, 99.5, 99.6, 99.7, 99.8, 99.9, or 100.0% sequence identity with the amino acid sequence given in SEQ ID NO:3 or SEQ ID NO:4 over the entire length. In various embodiments, the protease consists of such a sequence, in particular of the sequence given in SEQ ID NO:3 or in SEQ ID NO:4.
In further embodiments, variants of these proteases are also included which are shorter than the N- and/or C-terminal sequences described above or are extended by 1-50 amino acids and/or have insertions, substitutions or deletions, but with the protease activity being retained, in particular being at least 70% of the activity of the non-shortened/non-extended/non-mutated enzyme.
In various embodiments, the cleaning agent may also contain a combination of two or more proteases, with each being as defined above. In particular, a first protease can be contained which has at least 90% sequence identity with the acid sequence given in SEQ ID NO:3 over the entire length, and a second protease which has at least 90% sequence identity with the amino acid sequence given in SEQ ID NO:4 over the entire length. All the embodiments generally disclosed above in connection with the proteases, in particular with regard to sequence identity and variants, are also applicable to any of the proteases in such a combination of two proteases.
The total content of these proteases is 1×10−8 to 5 wt. % based on active protein. The proteases are contained in agents in an amount ranging from 1×10−7 to 3 wt. %, from 0.00001 to 1 wt. %, from 0.00005 to 0.5 wt. %, from 0.0001 to 0.1 wt. %, or from 0.0001 to 0.05 wt. %, in each case based on active protein.
The protein concentration can generally be determined using known methods, for example the BCA method (bicinchoninic acid; 2,2′-bichinolyl-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid) or the Biuret method (A. G. Gornall, C. S. Bardawill and M. M. David, J. Biol. Chem., 177 (1948), p. 751-766). The active protein concentration can be determined in this regard by titrating the active centers using a suitable irreversible inhibitor and determining the residual activity (cf. M. Bender et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 24 (1966), p. 5890-5913).
The identity of amino acid sequences is determined by a sequence comparison. This sequence comparison is based on the BLAST algorithm established and commonly used in the prior art (cf. for example Altschul, S. F., Gish, W., Miller, W., Myers, E. W. & Lipman, D. J. (1990): “Basic local alignment search tool,” J. Mol. Biol. 215: 403-410, and Altschul, Stephan F., Thomas L. Madden, Alejandro A. Schaffer, Jinghui Zhang, Hheng Zhang, Webb Miller, and David J. Lipman (1997): “Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs”; Nucleic Acids Res., 25, p. 3389-3402) and occurs in principle when similar sequences of amino acids are assigned to each other in the amino acid sequences. A tabular assignment of the positions concerned is referred to as alignment. Another algorithm available in the prior art is the FASTA algorithm. Sequence comparisons (alignments), in particular multiple sequence comparisons, are created using computer programs. Frequently used, for example, are the Clustal series (cf., for example, Chenna et al. (2003): Multiple sequence alignment with the Clustal series of programs. Nucleic Acid Research 31, 3497-3500), T-Coffee (cf., for example, Notredame et al. (2000): T-Coffee: A novel method for multiple sequence alignments. J. Mol. Biol. 302, 205-217) or programs based on these programs or algorithms. Sequence comparisons (alignments) using the computer program Vector NTI® Suite 10.3 (Invitrogen Corporation, 1600 Faraday Avenue, Carlsbad, Calif., USA) with the predetermined, default parameters, the AlignX module of which for sequence comparisons is based on ClustalW, are also possible. Unless stated otherwise, the sequence identity given herein is determined by the BLAST algorithm.
Such a comparison also allows a statement regarding the similarity of the compared sequences. It is usually given in percent identity, i.e. the proportion of identical amino acid residues in said sequences or in an alignment of corresponding positions. In the case of amino acid sequences, the broader concept of homology takes conserved amino acid exchanges into account, i.e. amino acids having similar chemical activity, since these usually perform similar chemical activities within the protein. Therefore, the similarity between the compared sequences can also be expressed in percent homology or percent similarity. Identity and/or homology information can be provided about whole polypeptides or genes or only about individual regions. Homologous or identical regions of different amino acid sequences are therefore defined by matches in the sequences. Such regions often have identical functions. They can be small and contain only a few amino acids. Often, such small regions perform essential functions for the overall activity of the protein. It may therefore be expedient to relate sequence matches only to individual, optionally small regions. Unless stated otherwise, however, identity or homology information in the present application relates to the entire length of the particular amino acid sequence indicated.
Furthermore, the amylase/protease is a mature amylase/protease, i.e. the catalytically active molecule without signal peptide(s) and/or propeptide(s). Unless stated otherwise, the sequences given also each refer to mature (processed) enzymes.
In a non-limiting embodiment, the agent is a cleaning agent for hard surfaces, such as a liquid manual dishwashing detergent or an all-purpose cleaner. In particular, a hand dishwashing detergent may be used for manual dishwashing. In addition to linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, fatty alcohol ether sulfate and the specific amylase(s) and protease(s), the agent may also contain one or more different anionic surfactants and/or non-ionic surfactants and/or one or more amphoteric surfactants and/or one or more cationic surfactants. In a non-limiting embodiment, with the exception of betaine (d), these are to be treated as a possible constituent of (f), i.e. as additives and/or additional substances. Examples of compounds are explicitly set forth below under additives and/or additional substances.
The cleaning agent may optionally contain one or more betaines (d). Suitable betaines are the alkylbetaines, the alkylamidobetaines, the imidazolinium betaines, the sulfobetaines (INCI: sultaines) and the phosphobetaines and satisfy formula I,
R1—[CO—X—(CH2)n]x—N+(R2)(R3)—(CH2)m—[CH(OH)—CH2]y—Y− (I),
in which
R1 is a saturated or unsaturated C6-22 alkyl group, such as a C8-18 alkyl group, in particular a saturated C10-16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C12-14 alkyl group,
X is NH, NR4 with the C1-4 alkyl group R4, O or S,
n is a number from 1 to 10, such as 2 to 5, in particular 3,
x is 0 or 1, such as 1,
R2 and R3 are, independently of one another, a C1-4 alkyl group, optionally hydroxy-substituted, such as a hydroxyethyl group, but in particular a methyl group,
m is a number from 1 to 4, in particular 1, 2 or 3,
y is 0 or 1 and
Y is COO, SO3, OPO(OR5)O or P(O)(OR5)O, wherein R5 is a hydrogen atom H or a C1-4 alkyl group.
The alkyl and alkylamido betaines, betaines of formula I having a carboxylate group (Y−═COO−), are also called carbobetaines.
Non-limiting betaines are the alkylbetaines of formula (Ia), the alkylamidobetaines of formula (Ib), the sulfobetaines of formula (Ic) and the amidosulfobetaines of formula (Id),
R1—N+(CH3)2—CH2COO− (Ia)
R1—CO—NH—(CH2)3—N+(CH3)2—CH2COO− (Ib)
R1—N+(CH3)2—CH2CH(OH)CH2SO3− (Ic)
R1—CO—NH—(CH2)3—N+(CH3)2—CH2CH(OH)CH2SO3+ (Id),
in which R1 has the same meaning as in formula I.
Non-limiting betaines are the carbobetaines, in particular the carbobetaines of formulas (la) and (Ib), such as the alkylamidobetaines of formula (Ib).
Examples of suitable betaines and sulfobetaines are disclosed, for example, in WO 2008/046778 A1, to which reference is explicitly made. A non-limiting betaine is, for example, cocoamidopropyl betaine or betaine which is commercially available under the trade name Tego® Natural Betaine from Evonik.
The agent may contain one or more betaines in an amount ranging from 0.5 to 5 wt. %, such as 0.75 to 4.5 wt. %, in particular 1 to 4 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cleaning agent.
Additives and/or additional substances (f) The agent can contain up to 20 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cleaning agent, of additives and/or additional substances. Suitable additives and additional substances are listed below.
Substances that are also used as ingredients of cosmetic agents are also designated in the following according to the International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI) as appropriate. Chemical compounds have an INCI name in English. The INCI names can be found in the “International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 7th Edition (1997),” which is published by The Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association (CTFA), Washington D.C. (USA). The expression CAS means that the following numerical sequence is a designation of the Chemical Abstracts Service.
The anionic surfactants which are also present in particular in hand dishwashing detergents include alkali salts of the fatty alcohol sulfate. The cleaning agent may have 0.05 to 5 wt. %, in particular 0.1 to 3 wt. %, such as 0.3 to 1 wt. %, of the alkali salt of the fatty alcohol sulfate, of another anionic surfactant, based on the total weight of the cleaning agent. This can be used as an additional substance which affects the foam volume. It has been found that in the case of water having a water hardness of from 16 to 20° dH, that is to say in the case of hard water, a proportion of 0.05 wt. % and in particular a proportion of 0.1 wt. % is sufficient to achieve a foam volume that is only insubstantially reduced compared with soft water. The harder the water is, the higher the proportion of fatty alcohol sulfate ought to be. However, a proportion of more than 3 wt. %, in particular more than 5 wt. %, provides no further stabilization of the foam even in the case of very hard water having a water hardness of from 20 to 32° dH. It has been found that a proportion by weight of from 0.3 to 1 wt. % is sufficient to obtain the desired foam volume in both hard and very hard water having a water hardness of from 16 to 32° dH, in particular from 20 to 32° dH. A higher dosage of the alkali salt of the fatty alcohol sulfate would therefore only lead to an increase in costs, but not to a significantly larger foam volume.
The fatty alcohol sulfate has 12 to 14 C atoms, in particular 13 C atoms. The alkali salt is a sodium salt. In particular, the alkali salt of the fatty alcohol sulfate is sodium lauryl sulfate. This can be used in a technically pure grade, so that, in addition to a fatty alcohol sulfate having 13 C atoms, a mixture of alkyl chains having a chain length from 12 to 14 C atoms is present. For example, a sodium lauryl sulfate, sold under the trade name Texapon® LS35 by BASF, can be used.
The anionic surfactants optionally present in particular in hand dishwashing detergents also include alkyl sulfonates. The alkyl sulfonates (INCI: sulfonic acids) usually have an aliphatic straight-chain or mono- or multi-branched, acyclic or cyclic, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated, such as branched, acyclic, saturated alkyl group having 6 to 22, such as 9 to 20, in particular 11 to 18 and particularly 14 to 17 carbon atoms.
Suitable alkyl sulfonates are therefore the saturated alkane sulfonates, unsaturated olefin sulfonates and—formally derived from the alkoxylated alcohols which are also the basis for the alkyl ether sulfates-ether sulfonates, in which a distinction is made between terminal ether sulfonates (n-ether sulfonates) having a sulfonate function bonded to the polyether chain, and internal ether sulfonates (i-ether sulfonates) having a sulfonate function linked to the alkyl group. In a non-limiting embodiment, alkane sulfonates, in particular alkane sulfonates having a branched, such as secondary alkyl group, for example the secondary alkane sulfonate sec. Na—C13-C17 alkane sulfonate (INCI: sodium C14-17 alkyl sec sulfonate).
Further possible anionic surfactants (anionic surfactants) which can be used are known to the person skilled in the art from the relevant prior art relating to washing or cleaning agents. These include in particular aliphatic sulfates such as monoglyceride sulfates and ester sulfonates (sulfo fatty acid esters), lignosulfonates, fatty acid cyanamides, anionic sulfosuccinic acid surfactants, fatty acid isothionates, acylamino alkane sulfonates (fatty acid taurides), fatty acid sarcosinates, ether carboxylic acids and alkyl (ether) phosphates.
Suitable further anionic surfactants are also anionic gemini surfactants having a diphenyl oxide basic structure, 2 sulfonate groups and an alkyl group on one or both benzene rings according to formula (II): −O3S(C6H3R)O(C6H3R′)SO3−, in which R represents an alkyl group having for example 6, 10, 12 or 16 carbon atoms and R′ represents R or H (commercially available as Dowfax® Dry Hydrotrope Powder having Cm alkyl group(s); INCI: sodium hexyldiphenyl ether sulfonate, disodium decyl phenyl ether disulfonate, disodium lauryl phenyl ether disulfonate, disodium cetyl phenyl ether disulfonate) and fluorinated anionic surfactants, in particular perfluorinated alkyl sulfonates such as ammonium C9/10 perfluoroalkyl sulfonate (commercially available as Fluorad® FC 120) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid potassium salt (commercially available as Fluorad® FC 95), there being no fluorine compounds contained in the cleaning agents.
Non-limiting further anionic surfactants that are optionally contained are the anionic sulfosuccinic acid surfactants sulfosuccinates, sulfosuccinamates and sulfosuccinamides, in particular sulfosuccinates and sulfosuccinamates, such as sulfosuccinates. The sulfosuccinates are the salts of the monoesters and diesters of the sulfosuccinic acid HOOCCH(SO3H)CH2COOH, while the sulfosuccinamates are understood to be the salts of the monoamides of the sulfosuccinic acid, and the sulfosuccinamides are understood to be the salts of the diamides of the sulfosuccinic acid. The salts are alkali metal salts, ammonium salts and mono-, di- or trialkanolammonium salts, for example mono-, di- or triethanolammonium salts, in particular lithium, sodium, potassium or ammonium salts, such as sodium or ammonium salts.
In the sulfosuccinates, one or both carboxyl groups of the sulfosuccinic acid are esterified with one or two identical or different unbranched or branched, saturated or unsaturated, acyclic or cyclic, optionally alkoxylated alcohols having 4 to 22, such as 6 to 20, in particular 8 to 18, such as 10 to 16, such as 12 to 14 carbon atoms. Non-limiting examples are esters of unbranched and/or saturated and/or acyclic and/or alkoxylated alcohols, in particular unbranched, saturated fatty alcohols and/or unbranched, saturated, fatty alcohols alkoxylated with ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, such as ethylene oxide, and having a degree of alkoxylation of from 1 to 20, such as 1 to 15, in particular 1 to 10, such as 1 to 6, such as 1 to 4. A particularly suitable sulfosuccinate is sulfosuccinic acid lauryl polyglycol ester disodium salt (lauryl-EO-sulfosuccinate, di-Na salt, INCI: disodium laureth sulfosuccinate). In the sulfosuccinamates or sulfosuccinamides, one or both carboxyl groups of the sulfosuccinic acid form a carboxylic acid amide together with a primary or secondary amine carrying one or two identical or different, unbranched or branched, saturated or unsaturated, acyclic or cyclic, optionally alkoxylated alkyl groups having 4 to 22, such as 6 to 20, in particular 8 to 18, such as 10 to 16, such as 12 to 14 carbon atoms. Unbranched and/or saturated and/or acyclic alkyl groups, in particular unbranched, saturated fatty alkyl groups, are particularly suitable. The sulfosuccinamates and sulfosuccinamides disclosed in WO 2008/046778 A1, to which reference is explicitly made, are also suitable, for example. Yet another suitable sulfosuccinamate is disodium C18-20 alkoxypropylene sulfosuccinamate.
Non-limiting anionic sulfosuccinic acid surfactants are imidosuccinate, mono-Na-sulfosuccinic acid di-isobutyl ester (commercially available as Monawet® MB 45), mono-Na-sulfosuccinic acid di-octyl ester (commercially available as Monawet® MO-84 R2W, Rewopol® SB DO 75) Mono-NA-sulfosuccinic acid di-tridecyl ester (commercially available as Monawet® MT 70), fatty alcohol polyglycol sulfosuccinate-Na—NH4 salt (commercially available as sulfosuccinate S-2), di-Na-sulfosuccinic acid mono-C12/14-3 EO ester (commercially available as Texapon® SB-3), sodium sulfosuccinic acid diisooctyl ester (commercially available as Texin® DOS 75) and di-Na-sulfosuccinic acid mono-C12/18 ester (commercially available as Texin® 128-P), in particular the mono-Na-sulfosuccinic acid di-octyl ester. In a particular embodiment, the cleaning agent contains one or more sulfosuccinates, sulfosuccinamates and/or sulfosuccinamides, such as sulfosuccinates and/or sulfosuccinamates, in particular sulfosuccinates, as anionic sulfosuccinic acid surfactants, in an amount usually of from 0.001 to 5 wt. %, such as 0.01 to 4 wt. %, in particular 0.1 to 3 wt. %, such as 0.2 to 2 wt. %, such as 0.5 to 1.5 wt. %, for example 1 wt. %.
The amphoteric surfactants (zwitterionic surfactants) which can be used include alkylamido alkylamines, alkyl-substituted amino acids and acylated amino acids or biosurfactants.
Alkylamido Alkylamines
The alkylamidoalkylamines (INCI: alkylamido alkylamines) are amphoteric surfactants of formula (III),
R9—CO—NR10—(CH2)i—N(R11)—(CH2CH2O)j(CH2)k—[CH(OH)]l—CH2—Z—OM (III)
in which
R9 is a saturated or unsaturated C6-22 alkyl group, such as a C8-18 alkyl group, in particular a saturated C10-16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C12-14 alkyl group,
R10 is a hydrogen atom H or a C1-4 alkyl group, such as H,
i is a number from 1 to 10, such as 2 to 5, in particular 2 or 3,
R11 is a hydrogen atom H or CH2COOM (M is defined as follows),
j is a number from 1 to 4, such as 1 or 2, in particular 1,
k is a number from 0 to 4, such as 0 or 1,
l is 0 or 1, wherein k=1, if l=1,
Z is CO, SO2, OPO(OR12) or P(O)(OR12), wherein R12 is a C1-4 alkyl group or M (defined as follows), and
M is a hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline-earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, for example protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
Non-limiting representatives satisfy formulas IIIa to IIId,
R9—CO—NH—(CH2)2—N(R11)—CH2CH2O—CH2—COOM (IIIa)
R9—CO—NH—(CH2)2—N(R11)—CH2CH2O—CH2CH2—COOM (IIIb)
R9—CO—NH—(CH2)2—N(R11)—CH2CH2O—CH2CH(OH)CH2—SO3M (IIIc)
R9—CO—NH—(CH2)2—N(R11)—CH2CH2O—CH2CH(OH)CH2—OPO3HM (IIId),
in which R11 and M have the same meaning as in formula (III).
Examples of suitable alkylamido alkylamines are e.g those disclosed in WO 2008/046778 A1, to which reference is explicitly made.
Other suitable amphoteric surfactants are in particular N-2-hydroxyethyl-N-carboxymethyl fatty acid amidoethylamine-Na (commercially available as Rewoteric® AMV) and N-caprylic/capric amidoethyl-N-ethyl ether propionate-Na (commercially available as Rewoteric® AMVSF).
Alkyl Substituted Amino Acids
Alkyl-substituted amino acids may be or include monoalkyl-substituted amino acids according to formula (IV),
R13—NH—CH(R14)—(CH2)u—COOM′ (IV),
in which
R13 is a saturated or unsaturated C6-22 alkyl group, such as a C8-18 alkyl group, in particular a saturated C10-16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C12-14 alkyl group, R14 is a hydrogen atom H or a C1-4 alkyl group, such as H,
u is a number from 0 to 4, such as 0 or 1, in particular 1, and
M′ is a hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline-earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, for example protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine,
alkyl-substituted imino acids according to formula (V),
R15—N—[(CH2)v—COOM″]2 (V),
in which
R15 is a saturated or unsaturated C6-22 alkyl group, such as a C8-18 alkyl group, in particular a saturated C10-16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C12-14 alkyl group,
v is a number from 1 to 5, such as 2 or 3, in particular 2, and
M″ is a hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline-earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, for example protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine, where M″ in the two carboxy groups may have the same or two different meanings, for example, hydrogen and sodium or sodium in both cases,
and mono- or dialkyl-substituted natural amino acids according to formula (VI),
R16—N(R17)—CH(R18)—COOM′″ (VI),
in which
R16 is a saturated or unsaturated C6-22 alkyl group, such as C8-18 alkyl group, in particular a saturated C10-16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C12-14 alkyl group, R17 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group, optionally hydroxy- or amine-substituted, for example a methyl group, ethyl group, hydroxyethyl group or aminepropyl group,
R18 is the group of one of the 20 natural α-amino acids H2NCH(R18)COOH, and M′″ is a hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline-earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, e.g. protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
Non-limiting alkyl-substituted amino acids are the aminopropionates according to formula (IVa),
R13—NH—CH2CH2COOM′ (IVa),
in which
R13 and M′ have the same meaning as in formula (IV).
Examples of suitable alkyl-substituted amino acids are disclosed in WO 2008/046778 A1, to which reference is explicitly made.
Acylated Amino Acids
Acylated amino acids are amino acids, in particular the 20 natural α-amino acids which carry the acyl group R19CO of a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid R19COOH on the amino nitrogen atom, where R19 is a saturated or unsaturated C6-22 alkyl group, such as a C8-18 alkyl group, in particular a saturated C10-16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C12-14 alkyl group. The acylated amino acids can also be used as the alkali metal salt, alkaline-earth metal salt or alkanolammonium salt, for example mono-, di- or triethanolammonium salt. Examples of acylated amino acids are those grouped together according to the INCI under amino acids: acyl derivatives, e.g. sodium cocoyl glutamate, lauroyl glutamic acid, capryloyl glycine or myristoyl methylalanine.
In a further particular embodiment, the agent contains one or more amphoteric surfactants in an amount of more than 0.1 wt. % and less than 8 wt. %, such as less than 5 wt. %, less than 3 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cleaning agent.
Non-ionic surfactants that are used are alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols having 8 to 18 C atoms and, on average, 1 to 12 mol ethylene oxide (EO) per mol of alcohol, in which the alcohol group can be linear or methyl-branched in the 2 position, or can contain linear and methyl-branched groups in admixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol groups. However, alcohol ethoxylates having linear groups of alcohols of native origin having 12 to 18 C atoms, for example of coconut, palm, tallow fatty or oleyl alcohol, and an average of 2 to 8 EO per mol of alcohol are particularly suitable. Non-limiting ethoxylated alcohols include for example C12-14 alcohols having 3 EO, 4 EO or 7 EO, C9-11 alcohols having 7 EO, C13-16 alcohols having 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C12-18 alcohols having 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO, and mixtures thereof, such as mixtures of C12-14 alcohol having 3 EO and C12-18 alcohol having 7 EO. The degrees of ethoxylation indicated represent statistical averages that can correspond to an integer or a fractional number for a specific product. Non-limiting alcohol ethoxylates have a narrowed homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE). In addition to these non-ionic surfactants, fatty alcohols having more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples of these are tallow fatty alcohols having 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO, or 40 EO. Non-ionic surfactants that contain EO and PO groups together in the molecule can also be used. In particular, the cleaning agent for hard surfaces may include a C12-18 fatty alcohol having 7 EO or a C13-15 oxo alcohol having 7 EO as a non-ionic surfactant.
These non-ionic surfactants, in combination with an amine oxide, exhibit effective cleaning performance on fat-stained hard surfaces such as dishes.
Amine oxides that are suitable include alkyl amine oxides, in particular alkyl dimethyl amine oxides, alkyl amido amine oxides, and alkoxy alkyl amine oxides. Non-limiting amine oxides satisfy formula VII or VIII,
R6R7R8N+—O− (VII)
or
R6—[CO—NH—(CH2)w]z—N+(R7)(R8)—O− (VIII)
in which
R6 is a saturated or unsaturated C6-22 alkyl group, such as a C8-18 alkyl group, in particular a saturated C10-16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C12-14 alkyl group which is bonded to the nitrogen atom N via a carbonylamidoalkylene group —CO—NH—(CH2)z— in the alkyl amido amine oxides and via an oxaalkylene group —O—(CH2)z— in the alkoxy alkyl amino oxides, wherein z in each case represents a number from 1 to 10, such as 2 to 5, in particular 3, wherein w in each case represents a number from 0 to 5, such as 0 to 3, in particular 0 or 1, and R7 and R8 are, independently of one another, a C1-4 alkyl group, optionally hydroxy-substituted, such as a hydroxyethyl group, in particular a methyl group.
Examples of suitable amine oxides are disclosed in WO 2008/046778 A1, to which reference is explicitly made. A non-limiting amine oxide is for example cocamidopropylamine oxide.
Sugar surfactants which are also optionally contained in the cleaning agent are known surface-active compounds, which, for example, include the sugar surfactant classes of the alkyl glucose esters, aldobionamides, gluconamides (sugar acid amides), glycerol amides, glycerol glycolipids, polyhydroxy fatty acid amide sugar surfactants (sugar amides) and alkyl polyglycosides. Within the scope of the teaching, non-limiting sugar surfactants are the alkyl polyglycosides and the sugar amides as well as derivatives thereof, in particular the ethers and esters thereof. The ethers are the products of the reaction of one or more, such as one, sugar hydroxyl group with a compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups, for example C1-22 alcohols or glycols, such as ethylene and/or propylene glycol, it being possible for the sugar hydroxyl group to also carry polyethylene glycol and/or polypropylene glycol groups. The esters are the reaction products of one or more, such as one, sugar hydroxyl group with a carboxylic acid, in particular a C6-22 fatty acid.
Non-limiting sugar amides satisfy formula R′C(O)N(R″)[Z], in which R′ represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated acyl group, such as a linear unsaturated acyl group, having 5 to 21, such as 5 to 17, in particular 7 to 15, such as 7 to 13, carbon atoms, R″ represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, such as a linear unsaturated alkyl group, having 6 to 22, such as 6 to 18, in particular 8 to 16, such as 8 to 14 carbon atoms, a C1-5 alkyl group, in particular a methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl or n-pentyl group, or hydrogen, and Z represents a sugar residue, i.e. a monosaccharide residue. Non-limiting sugar amides are the amides of glucose, the glucamides, for example lauroyl-methyl-glucamide.
Alkyl Polyglycosides
The alkyl polyglycosides (APGs) are sugar surfactants within the scope of the teaching and satisfy general formula R′O(AO)3[G]x, in which R′ represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 6 to 22, such as 6 to 18, in particular 8 to 16, such as 8 to 14 carbon atoms, [G] represents a glycosidically linked sugar residue, and x represents a number from 1 to 10 and AO represents an alkyleneoxy group, for example an ethyleneoxy group or propyleneoxy group, and a represents the average degree of alkoxylation from 0 to 20. Here, the group (AO)3 can also contain different alkylene oxy units, for example ethyleneoxy or propyleneoxy units, with a then being the average overall degree of alkoxylation, i.e. the sum of degree of ethoxylation and degree of propoxylation. Unless explained in more detail or stated otherwise hereinafter, the alkyl groups R′ of the APGs are linear unsaturated groups having the specified number of carbon atoms.
APGs are non-ionic surfactants and constitute known substances which can be obtained in accordance with the relevant methods within the field of preparative organic chemistry. The index number x indicates the degree of oligomerization (DP degree), i.e. the distribution of mono- and oligoglycosides, and represents a number between 1 and 10. While x must always be an integer in a given compound, and can in particular assume the values x=1 to 6 here, for a particular alkyl glycoside the value x is an analytically determined, mathematical quantity, which is usually a fraction. Alkyl glycosides having an average degree of oligomerization x of from 1.1 to 3.0 are used. With regard to the use, alkyl glycosides of which the degree of oligomerization is less than 1.7, and in particular is between 1.2 and 1.6, are possible. Xylose, but in particular glucose, is used as glycosidic sugar. The alkyl group or alkenyl group R′ can be derived from primary alcohols having 8 to 18, such as 8 to 14, carbon atoms. Typical examples include caproic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol and undecyl alcohol as well as the industrial mixtures thereof, as obtained for example in the course of the hydrogenation of industrial fatty acid methyl esters or in the course of the hydrogenation of aldehydes in the Roelen oxosynthesis reaction.
The alkyl or alkenyl group R′ is, however, derived from lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol. Further examples include elaidyl alcohol, petroselmyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and the industrial mixtures thereof.
Non-limiting APGs are non-alkoxylated (a=0) and satisfy formula RO[G]x, in which R, as before, represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, [G] represents a glycosidically linked sugar residue, such as a glucose residue, and x represents a number from 1 to 10, such as 1.1 to 3, in particular 1.2 to 1.6. Accordingly, alkyl polyglycosides are, for example, C8-10 and a C12-14 alkyl polyglucoside having a DP degree of 1.4 or 1.5, in particular a C8-10 alkyl-1,5-glucoside and a C12-14 alkyl-1,4-glucoside.
Further suitable non-ionic surfactants are in particular C10 dimethylamine oxide (commercially available as Ammonyx® DO), C10-14 fatty alcohol+1.2 PO+6.4 EO (commercially available as Dehydol® 980), C12/14 fatty alcohol+6 EO (commercially available as Dehydol® LS6), C8 fatty alcohol+1.2 PO+9 EO (commercially available as Dehydol® O10), C16/20 Guerbet alcohol+8 EO, n-butyl-capped (commercially available as Dehypon® G2084), mixture of a plurality of n-butyl-capped non-ionic surfactants and C8/10 APG (commercially available as Dehypon® Ke 2555), C8/10 fatty alcohol+1 PO+22 EO-(2-hydroxydecyl)-ether (commercially available as Dehypon® Ke 3447), C12/14 fatty alcohol+5 EO+4 PO (commercially available as Dehypon® LS 54 G), C12/14 fatty alcohol+5 EO+3 PO, methyl-capped (commercially available as Dehypon® LS 531), C12/14 fatty alcohol+10 EO, n-butyl-capped (commercially available as Dehypon® LS 104 L), C11 oxo alcohol+8 EO (commercially available as Genapol® UD 088), C13 oxoalcohol+8 EO (commercially available as Genapol® X 089), C13/15 fatty alcohol EO adduct, n-butyl-capped (commercially available as Plurafac® LF 221) and alkoxylated fatty alcohol (commercial available as Tegotens® EC11).
The agent may additionally comprise one or more cationic surfactants (INCI: quaternary ammonium compounds). Non-limiting cationic surfactants are the quaternary surface-active compounds, in particular having an ammonium, sulfonium, phosphonium, iodonium or arsonium group, which are also known as antimicrobial active ingredients. By using quaternary surface-active compounds having an antimicrobial effect, the agent can be provided with an antimicrobial effect or the antimicrobial effect thereof that may already be present due to other ingredients can be improved.
Non-limiting cationic surfactants are the quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC, INCI: quaternary ammonium compounds) according to general formula (R′)(R″)(R′″)(R′v)N+X−, in which R′ to R′v are the same or different C1-22 alkyl groups, C7-28 aralkyl groups or heterocyclic groups, where two or, in the case of aromatic bonding such as in pyridine, even three groups together with the nitrogen atom form the heterocycle, e.g. a pyridinium or imidazolinium compound, and X− represents halide ions, sulfate ions, hydroxide ions or similar anions. For optimum antimicrobial activity, at least one of the groups has a chain length of from 8 to 18, in particular 12 to 16, C atoms. QACs can be prepared by reacting tertiary amines with alkalizing agents, for example methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dodecyl bromide, but also ethylene oxide. The alkylation of tertiary amines having a long alkyl group and two methyl groups is particularly simple; the quaternization of tertiary amines having two long groups and one methyl group can also be carried out under mild conditions using methyl chloride. Amines having three long alkyl groups or hydroxy-substituted alkyl groups are less reactive, and are quaternized with dimethyl sulfate.
Suitable QACs are, for example, benzalkonium chloride (N-alkyl-N,N-dimethyl-benzyl ammonium chloride, CAS No. 8001-54-5), benzalkon B (m,p-dichlorobenzyl dimethyl-C12 alkyl ammonium chloride, CAS No. 58390-78-6), benzoxonium chloride (benzyldodecyl-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-ammonium chloride), cetrimonium bromide (N-hexadecyl-N,N-trimethyl ammonium bromide, CAS No. 57-09-0), benzetonium chloride (N,N-dimethyl-N-[2-[2-[p-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenoxy]ethoxy]ethyl]-benzyl ammonium chloride, CAS No. 121-54-0), dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride such as di-n-decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (CAS No. 7173-51-5-5), didecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide (CAS No. 2390-68-3), dioctyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 1-cetylpyridinium chloride (CAS No. 123-03-5) and thiazoline iodide (CAS No. 15764-48-1) and mixtures thereof. Non-limiting QACs are benzalkonium chlorides having C8-18 alkyl groups, in particular C12-14 alkyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride. A QAC may be coco-pentaethoxymethylammonium methosulfate (INCI: PEG-5 cocomonium methosulfate, commercially available as Rewoquat® CPEM).
Further suitable cationic surfactants are, in particular, cationic surfactants which are compatible with anionic surfactants, such as quaternary ammonium compounds, for example coco-pentaethoxymethylammonium methosulfate (INCI: PEG-5 cocomonium methosulfate, commercially available as Rewoquat® CPEM).
In order to avoid possible incompatibilities of the cationic surfactants with the anionic surfactants contained, cationic surfactant that is as anionic-surfactant-compatible as possible and/or as little cationic surfactant as possible is used or, in a particular embodiment, cationic surfactants are omitted entirely.
Other polymeric polycarboxylates are suitable as builders, which may likewise be contained in the cleaning agent. These are, for example, the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or of polymethacrylic acid, for example those having a number-average molecular weight of from 600 to 750,000 g/mol. Suitable polymers are in particular polyacrylates, having a number-average molecular weight of from 1,000 to 15,000 g/mol. Due to their superior solubility, the short-chain polyacrylates, which have a number-average molecular weight of from 1,000 to 10,000 g/mol, or from 1,000 to 5,000 g/mol, may in turn be used from this group.
In addition, copolymeric polycarboxylates are suitable, in particular those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid. To improve water solubility, the polymers can also contain allyl sulfonic acids, such as allyloxybenzene sulfonic acid and methallyl sulfonic acid, as monomer.
The agents may also contain other hydrolytic enzymes or other enzymes in a concentration that is expedient for the effectiveness of the agent. A further embodiment thus represents agents which further comprise one or more further enzymes. Further enzymes which can be used are all enzymes which can exhibit catalytic activity in the agent, in particular a lipase, cellulase, hemicellulase, mannanase, tannase, xylanase, xanthanase, xytoglucanase, R-glucosidase, pectinase, carrageenase, perhydrolase, oxidase, oxidoreductase or another protease/amylase, which is different from the proteases/amylases used, as well as mixtures thereof. Furthermore, conventional enzyme stabilizers may be contained.
An organic solvent may optionally be provided. The solvent is used in the context of the teaching as needed, in particular as a hydrotropic substance, viscosity regulator and/or additional cold stabilizer. It acts in a solubilizing manner in particular for surfactants and optional electrolytes as well as perfume and dye and thus contributes to their incorporation, prevents the formation of liquid-crystalline phases and contributes to the formation of clear products.
Non-limiting organic solvents are derived from the group of monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, alkanolamines or glycol ethers. The solvents are selected from ethanol, n-propanol, propanol, butanol, glycol, propanediol or butanediol, glycerol, diglycol, propyl diglycol or butyl diglycol, hexylene glycol, ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol ethyl ether or propylene glycol propyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether or dipropylene glycol ethyl ether, methoxytriglycol, ethoxytriglycol, butoxytriglycol, 1-butoxyethoxy-2-propanol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, propylene-glycol-t-butylether, and mixtures of these solvents. The proportion by weight of these organic solvents with respect to the total weight of the cleaning agent is 0.1 to 10 wt. %, such as 0.2 to 8.0 wt. % and in particular 0.5 to 5.0 wt. %.
A non-limiting organic solvent which is particularly effective in stabilizing enzymatic cleaning agents is glycerol, as well as 1,2-propylene glycol.
Suitable organic solvents are, for example, also saturated or unsaturated, such as saturated, branched or unbranched C1-20 hydrocarbons, such as C2-15 hydrocarbons, having at least one hydroxyl group and optionally one or more ether functions C—O—C, i.e. the oxygen atom interrupting the carbon atom chain.
Non-limiting organic solvents are the C2-6 alkylene glycols and poly-C2-3 alkylene glycol ethers that are optionally unilaterally etherified with a C1-6 alkanol and have an average of 1 to 9 identical or different, such as identical, alkylene glycol groups per molecule as well the C1-6 alcohols, such as ethanol, n-propanol or isopropanol, in particular ethanol.
Non-limiting solvents are the poly-C2-3 alkylene glycol ethers that are unilaterally etherified with a C1-6 alkanol and have an average of 1 to 9, such as 2 to 3, ethylene or propylene glycol groups, for example PPG-2 methyl ether (dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether).
As a solubilizer, in particular for optionally contained perfume and dyes, alkanolamines may also be used in addition to the solvents described above, for example.
In addition to the components mentioned so far, the compositions may contain further ingredients. These include, for example, additives for improving the flow and drying behavior, for adjusting the viscosity, and for stabilization and other additional substances that are customary in hand dishwashing detergents, such as UV stabilizers, perfume, pearlescing agents, dyes, corrosion inhibitors, preservatives, disinfectants, enzymes, pH adjusters and skin-feel-improving or nourishing additives.
Polymers that are suitable as additives are in particular maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer Na salt (for example, commercially available Sokalan® CP 5 by BASF, Ludwigshafen (Germany)), modified polyacrylic acid Na salt (for example, commercially available Sokalan® CP 10 by BASF, Ludwigshafen (Germany)), modified polycarboxylate Na salt (for example, commercially available Sokalan® HP 25 by BASF, Ludwigshafen (Germany)), polyalkylene oxide, modified heptamethyltrisiloxane (for example, commercially available Silwet® L-77 by BASF, Ludwigshafen (Germany)), polyalkylene oxide, modified heptamethyltrisiloxane (for example, commercially available Silwet® L-7608 by BASF, Ludwigshafen (Germany)), as well as polyethersiloxane (copolymers of polymethyl siloxanes with ethylene oxide/propylene oxide segments (polyether blocks)), such as water-soluble, linear polyether siloxanes with terminal polyether blocks, such as the commercially available compounds Tegopren® 5840, Tegopren® 5843, Tegopren® 5847, Tegopren® 5851, Tegopren® 5863, or Tegopren® 5878 by Evonik, Essen (Germany). In a particular embodiment, the above-mentioned polymers are omitted.
Polymeric thickening agents which may also be present in the cleaning agent are the polycarboxylates which have a thickening action as polyelectrolytes, such as homo- and copolymerizates of acrylic acid, in particular acrylic acid copolymers such as acrylic acid-methacrylic acid copolymers, and the polysaccharides, in particular heteropolysaccharides, and other conventional thickening polymers.
Suitable polysaccharides or heteropolysaccharides are the polysaccharide gums, for example gum arabic, agar, alginates, carrageenans and their salts, guar, guar gum, tragacanth, gellan, ramsan, dextran or xanthan and their derivatives, for example propoxylated guar, and mixtures thereof. Other polysaccharide thickeners, such as starches or cellulose derivatives, may alternatively or be used in addition to a polysaccharide gum, for example starches of various origins and starch derivatives, for example hydroxyethyl starch, starch phosphate esters or starch acetates, or carboxymethyl cellulose or its sodium salt, methyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, hydroxypropylmethyl or hydroxyethylmethyl cellulose or cellulose acetate.
A non-limiting polymeric thickening agent is the microbial anionic heteropolysaccharide xanthan gum which is produced by Xanthomonas campestris and some other species under aerobic conditions having a molecular weight of 2-15×106 and is available, for example, from Kelco under the trade name Keltrol®, for example, Keltrol® T (transparent) as a cream-colored powder or Keltrol® RD (readily dispersible) as white granules.
Acrylic acid polymers suitable as polymeric thickening agents are, for example, high-molecular-weight homopolymers of acrylic acid (INCI: carbomer) cross-linked with a polyalkenyl polyether, in particular an allyl ether of sucrose, pentaerythritol or propylene, and also referred to as carboxyvinyl polymers. Such polyacrylic acids are available, inter alia, from BFGoodrich under the trade name Carbopol®, for example Carbopol® 940 (molecular weight Mw approximately 4,000,000 g/mol), Carbopol® 941 (molecular weight Mw approximately 1,250,000 g/mol) or Carbopol® 934 (molecular weight Mw approximately 3,000,000 g/mol).
However, particularly suitable polymeric thickening agents are the following acrylic acid copolymers: (i) copolymers of two or more monomers from the group of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and their simple ester, such as formed with C1-4 alkanols (INCI: acrylates copolymer) which include, for example, the copolymers of methacrylic acid, butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate (CAS 25035-69-2) or butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate (CAS 25852-37-3) and which are available, for example, from Rohm & Haas under the trade names Aculyn® and Acusol®, for example the anionic non-associative polymers Aculyn® 33 (cross-linked), Acusol® 810 and Acusol® 830 (CAS 25852-37-3); (ii) cross-linked high-molecular-weight acrylic acid copolymers, which include for instance the copolymers of C10-30 alkyl acrylates cross-linked with an allyl ether of sucrose or pentaerythritol with one or more monomers from the group of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and their simple esters, such as formed by C1-4 alkanols, (INCI acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer) and which are available, for example, from BFGoodrich under the trade name Carbopol®, for example the hydrophobized Carbopol® ETD2623 and Carbopol® 1382 (INCI: acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer) and Carbopol® AQUA 30 (formerly Carbopol® EX 473).
The content of polymeric thickening agent is usually not more than 8 wt. %, such as between 0.1 and 7 wt. %, such as between 0.5 and 6 wt. %, in particular between 1 and 5 wt. % or between 1.5 and 4 wt. %, for example between 2 and 2.5 wt. %. In a non-limiting embodiment, the cleaning agent is free of polymeric thickening agents.
The cleaning agent may contain one or more water-soluble salts to lower the viscosity. They may be inorganic and/or organic salts; in a non-limiting embodiment, the agent contains at least one inorganic salt.
Inorganic salts which can be used are selected from the group comprising colorless water-soluble halides, sulfates, sulfites, carbonates, hydrogen carbonates, nitrates, nitrites, phosphates and/or oxides of the alkali metals, alkaline-earth metals, aluminum and/or transition metals; furthermore, ammonium salts can be used. Non-limiting examples are halides and sulfates of the alkali metals; the inorganic salt is therefore selected from the group comprising sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate and mixtures thereof. Sodium chloride is particularly usable.
The organic salts which can be used are, in particular, colorless water-soluble alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal, ammonium, aluminum and/or transition metal salts of the carboxylic acids, including the dicarboxylic acids. In a non-limiting embodiment, the salts are selected from the group comprising formate, acetate, propionate, citrate, malate, maleate, tartrate, succinate, malonate, oxalate, lactate, fumarate, adipate, succinate, glutarate, methylglycinediacetic acid trisodium salt and mixtures thereof.
The cleaning agent may contain 1 to 10 wt. %, such as 2 to 8 wt. %, of at least one water-soluble salt. In a non-limiting embodiment, exclusively inorganic salts are used, in particular sodium chloride.
In addition, one or more further additional substances, in particular customary in hand dishwashing detergents and other cleaning agents for hard surfaces, may also be contained, in particular UV stabilizers, perfume, pearlescing agents (INCI: opacifying agents; for example glycol distearate, for example commercially available Cutina® AGS from Cognis, or mixtures containing same, for example commercially available Euperlane® from Cognis), dyes, corrosion inhibitors, preservatives (for example the industrial 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol (CAS 52-51-7), also called bronopol, which is commercially available, for example, as Myacide® BT or Boots Bronopol BT from Boots), disinfectants, pH adjusters, in particular NaOH, KOH and buffer substances, as well as skin-feel-improving or nourishing additives (for example dermatologically active substances such as vitamin A, vitamin B2, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin E, D-panthenol, sericerin, collagen partial hydrolyzate, various vegetable protein partial hydrolyzates, protein hydrolyzate fatty acid condensates, liposomes, cholesterol, vegetable and animal oils such as lecithin, soybean oil, etc., plant extracts such as aloe vera, azulene, witch hazel extracts, algae extracts, etc., allantoin, A.H.A. complexes) in amounts of usually not more than 5 wt. %.
Perfumes and Fragrances
In a non-limiting embodiment, the agent contains at least one perfume and/or at least one fragrance. It is possible to use all perfumes and/or fragrances known to a person skilled in the art, with the proviso that they substantially do not adversely affect the properties of the cleaning agent.
Microcapsules
It may be desirable to keep the active ingredients that positively affect the skin feel or also other sensitive active ingredients, such as perfumes, spatially separated from the actual agent until use. A convenient method for incorporating such sensitive, chemically or physically incompatible or volatile ingredients is the use of microcapsules in which these ingredients are enclosed in a storage-stable and transport-stable manner and from which they are mechanically, chemically, thermally or enzymatically released for or during use. In a non-limiting embodiment, therefore, one or more of the active ingredients that positively affect the skin feel and/or perfumes and/or fragrances is incorporated wholly or partly in microcapsules.
Microcapsules are finely dispersed liquid or solid phases coated with film-forming polymers, in the preparation of which, after emulsification and coacervation or interfacial polymerization, the polymers precipitate on the material to be coated (active ingredient). In this case, the active ingredient is coated by a solid membrane in the manner of a shell (microcapsule in the narrower sense) or enclosed by a matrix (microsphere or sphere). In the following, the term microcapsule is used in a summarized sense for both variants. Such capsules are usually microscopically small (<50 μm) and are sometimes referred to as nanocapsules or nanospheres; they can be dried like powder. However, larger capsules or pearls visible to the naked eye (>0.5 mm) and filled with active ingredients can also be produced. Incorporated into the hand dishwashing detergent, these provide an additional visual appeal when the capsules are suspended in the agent in a stable and distributed manner, which can be achieved by selecting suitable surfactants and thickening agents and by setting a suitable viscosity.
As microcapsules, it is possible to use all surfactant-stable capsules and capsule materials or spheres and sphere materials available on the market, for example, commercially available Primasphere® (chitosan and agar or carboxymethylcellulose) and Primasponge® (alginate, chitosan, agar) from BASF, Hallcrest Microcapsules® (gelatin, gum arabic) from Hallcrest, Inc. (US), Coletica Thalaspheres® (maritime collagen) from Coletica (FR), Lipotec Millicapseln® (alginic acid, agar-agar) from Lipotec SA (ES), Induchem Unispheres® (lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose) and Unicerin® C30 (lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose) from Induchem AG (CH), Kobo Glycospheres (modified starch, fatty acid esters, phospholipids) and Softspheres® (modified agar-agar) from Kobo (US) and Kuhs Probiol Nanospheres (phospholipids) from Kuhs (DE) and others. The microcapsules may have any shape in the production-related framework, but they are egg-shaped or ellipsoidal or in particular approximately spherical. Depending on the active ingredient and use, the diameter along its greatest spatial extent can be on average between 100 nm (not visually discernible as a capsule) and 10 mm. The average diameter is in the range of between 0.1 mm and 7 mm; microcapsules having an average diameter of between 0.4 mm and 5 mm are particularly usable. To improve the appearance, dyes, color pigments or pearlescent components can also be added.
The active ingredient can be mechanically released from the microcapsules both by grinding the microcapsules during the cleaning process and by breaking up by means of a suitable dosing device. Other options are releasing the active ingredient by changing the temperature (introduction into warm rinsing water), by shifting the pH, changing the electrolyte content, etc.
If microcapsules are used, their content is usually from 0.01 to 10 wt. %, such as from 0.1 to 5 wt. %, in particular from 0.2 to 3 wt. % or from 0.3 to 2 wt. %, it being possible for the cleaning agent to contain only similar microcapsules or else mixtures of different types of microcapsules.
The pH of the cleaning agent can be adjusted by means of customary pH regulators, for example acids, such as mineral acids or citric acid and/or alkalis, such as sodium or potassium hydroxide, with a range of from 4 to 9, such as 5 to 8.5, or 5.5 to 8.0, in particular for the desired skin and hand tolerance. To adjust and/or stabilize the pH, the agent may contain one or more buffer substances (INCI: buffering agents), usually in amounts of from 0.001 to 5 wt. %, such as 0.005 to 3 wt. %, in particular 0.01 to 2 wt. %, such as 0.05 to 1 wt. %, such as 0.1 to 0.5 wt. %, for example 0.2 wt. %. Buffer substances which are at the same time complexing agents or even chelating agents (chelating agents: INCI: chelating agents) are possible.
The cleaning agent may further contain hydrotropic substances. These are solubilizers. Suitable hydrotropic substances are, for example, urea, butyl glycol or aliphatic short-chain anionic or amphoteric solubilizers.
The cleaning agent can be applied to the surface to be cleaned undiluted or as aqueous dilution either directly or by means of a sponge or a brush and then removed again using water. The cleaning agent is used for cleaning and/or disinfecting surfaces, such as hard surfaces, in particular dishes and cooking utensils.
In a non-limiting embodiment, the cleaning agent has a viscosity of at least 500 mPa·s, such as at least 1,000 mPa·s and/or the viscosity is at most 20,000 mPa·s, such as at most 10,000 mPa·s, measured by means of Brookfield DVII+ (small sample adapter, spindle SC4-31, T=20° C., shear rate 1.5 s−1 (at 20,000 mPa·s) to 30 s−1 (at 500 mPa·s to 1,000 mPa·s)).
The invention is described in the following with reference to examples, but is not limited thereto.
Compositions: comparative examples 1-6 and 9-11 and examples 7, 8, 12 and 13
The dishwashing detergent compositions were prepared and their cleaning performance checked according to the following experimental technique.
Commercially available cheese sauce (Buitoni Quattro Formaggi) was evenly applied to porcelain plates and baked in an oven. After cooling to room temperature, the plates were weighed and soaked in an aqueous dishwashing detergent solution (5 mL per liter of cold tap water) for 10 minutes. After this time, the plates were rinsed under running tap water. The plates were then dried lying at room temperature and weighed again. For the respective example dishwashing detergent compositions, the percentage amount of removed stain was calculated.
It could be clearly seen that the example compositions have an improved cleaning performance compared with the comparative examples and demonstrate a synergistic effect between amylase and protease.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2017 223 280.3 | Dec 2017 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2018/079198 | 10/24/2018 | WO |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019/120698 | 6/27/2019 | WO | A |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8680034 | Souter | Mar 2014 | B2 |
| 20170066998 | Holland | Mar 2017 | A1 |
| 20170204352 | Yan et al. | Jul 2017 | A1 |
| 20190024020 | Buisker et al. | Jan 2019 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 2016203064 | Dec 2016 | WO |
| 2017097861 | Jun 2017 | WO |
| 2017162646 | Sep 2017 | WO |
| Entry |
|---|
| International search report from parallel PCT Patent Application PCT/EP2018/079198 dated Apr. 30, 2019, 9 pages (for reference purposes only). |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20200318035 A1 | Oct 2020 | US |
