Patent Application
20220313684
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration comprising irinotecan free base. More specifically, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration comprising irinotecan free base as an active ingredient; and polyoxylglyceride, polyethylene glycol, acyl glycerol, and sorbitan fatty acid ester in specific amounts.
Irinotecan may be synthesized from camptothecin and is an anticancer chemotherapeutic agent mainly applied to metastatic colon or rectal cancer. Irinotecan, whose chemical name is (S)-4,11-diethyl-3,4,12,14-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-3,14-dioxo-1H-pyrano[3′,4′:6,7]-indolizino[1,2-b]quinolin-9-yl [1,4′bipiperidine]-1′-carboxylate, has the chemical structure of Formula 1 below.
Irinotecan, a topoisomerase I inhibitor, inhibits the action of topoisomerase which plays a role in DNA copying, gene recombination, and transcription. Irinotecan is used for the treatment of cancers, e.g., metastatic rectal cancer or colon cancer. Irinotecan exhibits excellent antitumor activity against a wide variety of experimental tumor models and is being studied specifically for lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, cervical cancer, head and neck cancer, brain tumor, ovarian cancer, etc. (WO 2001/30351). Irinotecan is a prodrug which is metabolized to the active metabolite SN-38 by carboxylesterase in the liver. SN-38 has 100 to 1000 times more potency than irinotecan. Irinotecan and its active metabolite SN-38 bind to the topoisomerase I-DNA complex, thereby preventing DNA unwinding. SN-38, whose chemical name is 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin, has the chemical structure of Formula 2 below.
Currently, irinotecan is administered only as an aqueous solution for intravenous infusion over 30 to 90 minutes, weekly or once every three weeks. An aqueous solution of irinotecan hydrochloride trihydrate (CPT-11) for intravenous administration is currently marketed under the trade name CAMPTOSAR®. However, the administration route of the commercially available irinotecan formulation is intravenous injection, which has a disadvantage in that it is necessary to visit a hospital over a long period of time. Solid oral dosage forms, such as tablet formulations, can provide significant convenience to patients who have to make repeated visits to the clinic or hospital over a long period of time in order to receive intravenous chemotherapy. The development of oral dosage forms significantly improves the quality of life of patients who need to go through multiple treatment cycles, by preventing them from becoming entangled in a hospital visit cycle. In addition, from a pharmacological and economic point of view, it can provide a significant reduction in health care costs if the patient can administer at home. Therefore, an attempt was made to develop an oral formulation that patients can self-administer at home for increasing the convenience of dosing as well as for reducing the costs due to intravenous administration, but a successful oral formulation thereof has not yet been reported.
The efficacy of irinotecan was shown to be dose-dependent and schedule-dependent. It is known that long-term administration of irinotecan at a low dose is more effective and less toxic than short-term administration thereof at a high dose. An effective long-term administration method of irinotecan would be an oral administration. The metabolic ratio of total irinotecan to total SN-38 is higher when administered orally than when administered intravenously. However, a low bioavailability (9%) has been reported upon oral administration of irinotecan; and since irinotecan is a poorly soluble drug, it is difficult to formulate into an oral formulation (EP 2328557).
The present inventors have developed an oral formulation that can solve the problems of the conventional formulation of irinotecan. Especially, the present inventors have found that a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration comprising irinotecan free base as an active ingredient; and polyoxylglyceride, polyethylene glycol, acyl glycerol, and sorbitan fatty acid ester in specific amounts exhibits excellent in vivo absorption rate.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration that can solve the problem of poorly soluble irinotecan free base and improve dosing-convenience and in vivo absorption rate.
In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration consisting of: 0.1˜10% by weight of irinotecan free base; 5˜80% by weight of polyoxylglyceride; 5˜80% by weight of polyethylene glycol; 5˜80% by weight of acyl glycerol; and 5˜25% by weight of sorbitan fatty acid ester.
The polyoxylglyceride may be one or more selected from the group consisting of caprylocaproyl polyoxylglyceride, lauroyl polyoxylglyceride, linoleoyl polyoxylglyceride, oleoyl polyoxylglyceride, and stearoyl polyoxylglyceride, preferably caprylocaproyl polyoxylglyceride.
The polyethylene glycol may be selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol 300, polyethylene glycol 400, polyethylene glycol 600, and polyethylene glycol 900.
The acyl glycerol may be one or more selected from the group consisting of glyceryl behenate, glyceryl oleate, glyceryl stearate, glyceryl palmitostearate, and a complex thereof, preferably an oleoyl glycerol complex having 30 to 65% by weight of monooleoyl glycerol contents; 15 to 50% by weight of dioleoyl glycerol contents; and 2 to 20% by weight of trioleoyl glycerol contents.
The sorbitan fatty acid ester may be one or more selected from the group consisting of sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan diisostearate, sorbitan sesquistearate, sorbitan sesquiisostearate, sorbitan tristearate, sorbitan triisostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan dioleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan monolaurate, and sorbitan monopalmitate, preferably sorbitan monooleate.
In an embodiment, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration in the form of a capsule, which is obtained by filling the pharmaceutical composition for oral administration in a capsule.
The pharmaceutical composition for oral administration according to the present invention, which comprises irinotecan free base as an active ingredient; and polyoxylglyceride, polyethylene glycol, acyl glycerol, and sorbitan fatty acid ester in specific amounts, can not only solve the problem of poorly soluble irinotecan free base but also improve the bioavailability effectively. Especially, the pharmaceutical composition for oral administration according to the present invention has the advantages of improving the patients' dosing-convenience and reducing the cost due to injection, by making irinotecan which was previously only available as an injection available for oral administration.
As used herein, the term “irinotecan free base” refers to a compound in the non-salt form, i.e., a compound in the free base form.
The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration consisting of: 0.1˜10% by weight of irinotecan free base; 5˜80% by weight of polyoxylglyceride; 5˜80% by weight of polyethylene glycol; 5˜80% by weight of acyl glycerol; and 5˜25% by weight of sorbitan fatty acid ester.
Irinotecan free base used as an active ingredient in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be used in a therapeutically effective amount. For example, it may be present in an amount ranging from 1 to 30 mg, typically about 15 mg, per ml of unit formulation of the pharmaceutical composition.
The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises irinotecan free base as an active ingredient; and polyoxylglyceride, polyethylene glycol, acyl glycerol, and sorbitan fatty acid ester in specific amounts. In an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration consisting of: 0.1˜10% by weight of irinotecan free base; 30˜70% by weight of polyoxylglyceride; 15˜40% by weight of polyethylene glycol; 5˜20% by weight of acyl glycerol; and 5˜20% by weight of sorbitan fatty acid ester.
In the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, the polyoxylglyceride, which is used as a solubilizing agent, may be one or more selected from the group consisting of caprylocaproyl polyoxylglyceride, lauroyl polyoxylglyceride, linoleoyl polyoxylglyceride, oleoyl polyoxylglyceride, and stearoyl polyoxylglyceride, preferably caprylocaproyl polyoxylglyceride (e.g., Labrasol™).
The polyethylene glycol, which is used as a stabilizing agent, may be selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol 300, polyethylene glycol 400, polyethylene glycol 600, and polyethylene glycol 900.
The acyl glycerol, which is used as an emulsifying agent, includes monoacyl glycerol, diacyl glycerol, triacyl glycerol, or a complex thereof, unless otherwise indicated. For example, the acyl glycerol may be one or more selected from the group consisting of glyceryl behenate, glyceryl oleate, glyceryl stearate, glyceryl palmitostearate, and a complex thereof. Preferably, the acyl glycerol may be an oleoyl glycerol complex having 30 to 65% by weight of monooleoyl glycerol contents; 15 to 50% by weight of dioleoyl glycerol contents; and 2 to 20% by weight of trioleoyl glycerol contents. In an embodiment, the oleoyl glycerol complex may be an oleoyl glycerol complex having 32 to 52% by weight of monooleoyl glycerol contents; 30 to 50% by weight of dioleoyl glycerol contents; and 5 to 20% by weight of trioleoyl glycerol contents [e.g., Peceol™ (Gattefosse)]. In another embodiment, the oleoyl glycerol complex may be an oleoyl glycerol complex having 55 to 65% by weight of monooleoyl glycerol contents; 15 to 35% by weight of dioleoyl glycerol contents; and 2 to 10% by weight of trioleoyl glycerol contents [e.g., CAPMUL™ (Abitec)].
The sorbitan fatty acid ester, which is a nonionic surfactant, may be one or more selected from the group consisting of sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan diisostearate, sorbitan sesquistearate, sorbitan sesquiisostearate, sorbitan tristearate, sorbitan triisostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan dioleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan monolaurate, and sorbitan monopalmitate, preferably sorbitan monooleate (e.g., Span™ 80).
In an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration consisting of: 0.1˜10% by weight of irinotecan free base; 5˜80% by weight of caprylocaproyl polyoxylglyceride; 5˜80% by weight of polyethylene glycol; 5˜80% by weight of an oleoyl glycerol complex; and 5˜25% by weight of sorbitan monooleate.
In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration consisting of: 0.1˜10% by weight of irinotecan free base; 30˜70% by weight of caprylocaproyl polyoxylglyceride; 15˜40% by weight of polyethylene glycol; 5˜20% by weight of an oleoyl glycerol complex; and 5˜20% by weight of sorbitan monooleate.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration consisting of: 1.45% by weight of irinotecan free base; 58.08% by weight of caprylocaproyl polyoxylglyceride; 21.69% by weight of polyethylene glycol 300; 9.68% by weight of an oleoyl glycerol complex; and 9.10% by weight of sorbitan monooleate.
In another particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration consisting of: 1.43% by weight of irinotecan free base; 34.36% by weight of caprylocaproyl polyoxylglyceride; 38.48% by weight of polyethylene glycol 400; 16.18% by weight of an oleoyl glycerol complex; and 9.55% by weight of sorbitan monooleate.
Said pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is obtained in the form of a clear oily solution, i.e., in the form of a lipid solution (e.g., see
In addition, since the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is obtained in the form of a clear oily solution (i.e., in the form of a lipid solution), it can be formulated into a capsule form without the formation of a precipitate. Accordingly, the present invention includes a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration in the form of a capsule, which is obtained by filling the pharmaceutical composition for oral administration in the form of a lipid solution in a capsule. The capsule may be a capsule conventionally used in the field of pharmaceutics, preferably soft and hard capsules such as gelatin capsules, pullulan capsules, HPMC capsules, and the like.
The pharmaceutical composition for oral administration according to the present invention may be used to treat cancers, including lung cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, cervical cancer, head and neck cancer, brain tumor, ovarian cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, and the like.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and experimental examples. These examples and experimental examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
A pharmaceutical composition for oral administration comprising irinotecan free base was prepared according to the components and amounts shown in Table 1. The amounts of Table 1 represent the % by weight of each component. Irinotecan free base was completely dissolved in methylene chloride. Polyoxylglyceride (Labrasol™) polyethylene glycol 300, and the oleoyl glycerol complex (Peceol™) were added thereto. The resulting solution was concentrated under reduced pressure at 40° C. to remove methylene chloride and then sorbitan fatty acid ester (Span™ 80) was added thereto. The resulting solution was stirred at 40° C. to prepare a clear oily solution. The appearance thereof is shown in
A pharmaceutical composition for oral administration comprising irinotecan free base was prepared according to the components and amounts shown in Table 2. The amounts of Table 2 represent the % by weight of each component. Irinotecan free base was completely dissolved in methylene chloride. Polyoxylglyceride (Labrasol™), polyethylene glycol 400, and the oleoyl glycerol complex (Peceol™) were added thereto. The resulting solution was concentrated under reduced pressure at 40° C. to remove methylene chloride and then sorbitan fatty acid ester (Span™ 80) was added thereto. The resulting solution was stirred at 40° C. to prepare a clear oily solution.
A pharmaceutical composition for oral administration comprising irinotecan free base was prepared according to the components and amounts shown in Table 3. Irinotecan free base was completely dissolved in methylene chloride. Labrasol™, polyethylene glycol 300, and the oleoyl glycerol complex (Peceol™) were added thereto. The resulting solution was concentrated under reduced pressure at 40° C. to remove methylene chloride and then sorbitan fatty acid ester (Span™ 80) was added thereto. The resulting solution was stirred at 40° C. to prepare a clear oily solution. The obtained clear oily solution was filled into a HPMC capsule to prepare a pharmaceutical composition in the form of a capsule. The appearance thereof is shown in
The amounts of irinotecan in the formulations prepared in Examples 1 and 2 were measured. A certain amount of irinotecan standard was taken and dissolved in a mixed solution of acetonitrile, methanol, and acetic acid (100:100:1, v/v/v) to prepare a standard solution. The test solutions were prepared by dissolving the certain amount of each pharmaceutical composition in a mixed solution of acetonitrile, methanol, and acetic acid (100:100:1, v/v/v). The prepared standard solution and test solutions were analyzed with a HPLC under the following conditions; and the amounts of irinotecan were calculated by the following equation.
<HPLC conditions>
HPLC: Shimadzu LC-20AD
Detector: Ultraviolet detector
Wavelength: 255 nm
Column: 4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 um, C18
Column temperature: 40° C.
Injection volume: 15 ul
Amount of rinotecan (%)=AT/AS*CS/CT*P <Equation for calculating the amounts of irinotecan>
As the results thereof, the amount of irinotecan in the formulation prepared in Example 1 was confirmed to be 100.4%, and the amount of irinotecan in the formulation prepared in Example 2 was confirmed to be 100.2%.
The formulations prepared in Examples 1 and 2 were orally administered to ICR mice (6 weeks old, female), using a gastric sonde at a dose of 225 mg/kg. After the administration, blood samples were collected at 0 minute, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, and 8 hours from the mouse by retro-orbital sinus/plexus sampling and then centrifuged at 6000×g, at 4° C. for 20 min. Each supernatant was taken to obtain plasma samples. A mixture of acetonitrile and 1 mM phosphoric acid (9:1, v/v) (300 μL) was added to the obtained plasma samples (100 μL). Each resulting sample was stirred on the vortex mixer and then centrifuged at 14,000×g at 4° C. for 20 minutes. Each supernatant (200 μL) was taken and then 600 μL of 0.1 M potassium phosphate (pH 4.2) was added thereto. The concentrations of irinotecan and SN-38 in the blood samples were analyzed, using an HPLC-FLD detector.
The in vivo absorption patterns of the formulations prepared in Examples 1 and 2 in ICR mice were evaluated, using a HPLC under the following conditions.
<HPLC conditions>
HPLC: Agilent 1260
Detector: Fluorescence detector
Wavelength: 228(excitation)-543(emission) nm for 20 min(SN-38)
Column: 4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 um, C18
Column temperature: 30° C.
Injection volume: 30 ul
The pharmacokinetic parameters for irinotecan and its active metabolite (SN-38) were shown in Table 4 below.
As shown in Table 4, it can be seen that the pharmaceutical compositions obtained according to the present invention are rapidly absorbed with a Tmax of 1 hour and exhibits high bioavailability.
Formulations comprising irinotecan free base were prepared according to the components and amounts shown in Table 5. The amounts of Table 5 represent the % by weight of each component. Irinotecan free base was completely dissolved in methylene chloride. Any one of polyoxylglyceride (Labrasol™), polyethylene glycol 300, polyethylene glycol 400, oleoyl glycerol complex (Peceol™), and sorbitan fatty acid ester (Span™ 80) was added thereto. The resulting solutions were concentrated under reduced pressure at 40° C. for removing methylene chloride, so as to prepare the formulations of Comparative Examples 1 to 5. All of the formulations of Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were in the form of an opaque solution having precipitations.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-2019-0073344 | Jun 2019 | KR | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KR2020/007628 | 6/12/2020 | WO |
