Patent Application
20190029649
The present invention relates to a method and ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus for calculating a value relating to elasticity of biological tissue.
There is known a technique of calculating a value relating to elasticity of biological tissue involving, for example, transmitting an ultrasonic pulse having a high sound pressure, i.e., push pulse, from an ultrasonic probe to biological tissue, detecting a displacement of the biological tissue induced by shear waves generated by the push pulse in the biological tissue, and calculating measurement values relating to elasticity of the biological tissue. The measurement values that are calculated include a velocity of propagation of shear waves and/or an elasticity value for biological tissue.
Once elasticity data, such as data of the velocity of propagation of shear waves or that of the elasticity value for biological tissue, has been obtained, an elasticity image having colors or the like according to the elasticity data is displayed on a display device in an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. The elasticity image is displayed in combination with a B-mode image in a required region defined in the B-mode image, for example.
Additional techniques of calculating a value relating to elasticity of biological tissue include one involving applying mechanical vibration to a surface of biological tissue, detecting shear waves generated by the mechanical vibration, and calculating a velocity of propagation of shear waves and/or an elasticity value for the biological tissue, or calculating distortion of the biological tissue.
In a liver, for example, it is sometimes desired to make a diagnosis on a current condition of a subject to be examined taking account of the elasticity of biological tissue, and in addition, the amount of fat. The amount of fat correlates with attenuation of ultrasound, wherein the larger the amount of fat the higher attenuation while the smaller the amount of fat the lower attenuation.
The invention, in one aspect, made for solving the aforementioned problem is an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus including: a processor for executing by a program: a first calculating function of, based on a first echo signal of first ultrasound transmitted to biological tissue in a subject to be examined, calculating a value relating to elasticity of said biological tissue; and a second calculating function of calculating a value of attenuation of ultrasound in said biological tissue; and a display device on which is displayed a first image having a display mode according to the value relating to elasticity of said biological tissue and the value of attenuation in said biological tissue, and representing said biological tissue.
The invention, in another aspect, is an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus including: a processor for executing by a program: a first calculating function of, based on a first echo signal of first ultrasound transmitted to biological tissue in a subject to be examined, calculating a value relating to elasticity of said biological tissue; and a second calculating function of calculating a value of attenuation of ultrasound in said biological tissue; a third calculating function of calculating a first precision indicating correctness of the value relating elasticity of the biological tissue calculated by said first calculating function; and a fourth calculating function of calculating a second precision indicating correctness of the value of attenuation calculated by said second calculating function; and a display device on which is displayed a third image having a display mode according to said first precision and said second precision.
According to the invention in the one aspect described above, on a display device is displayed a first image having a display mode according to the value relating to elasticity of said biological tissue and the value of attenuation in said biological tissue, and representing said biological tissue, and therefore, it is possible to make a diagnosis taking account of in what condition and at what position both the amount of fat having correlativity with attenuation, and the elasticity are.
According to the invention in the other aspect described above, on a display device is displayed a third image having a display mode according to a first precision indicating correctness of the value relating to elasticity of biological tissue and a second precision indicating correctness of the value of attenuation of ultrasound, and therefore, it is possible to know where both or one of the value relating to elasticity of biological tissue and the value of attenuation of ultrasound are incorrect. Thus, in making a diagnosis taking account of both the amount of fat having correlativity with attenuation, and the elasticity, it is possible to know whether or not a correct diagnosis may be made.
To begin with, a first embodiment will be described. An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 1 shown in
The ultrasonic probe 2 transmits ultrasound to biological tissue in a subject to be examined In the ultrasonic probe 2, a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are arranged in an azimuthal direction, although not particularly shown. An ultrasonic pulse (push pulse) for generating shear waves in the biological tissue is transmitted by the ultrasonic probe 2. It is also by the ultrasonic probe 2 that an ultrasonic detecting pulse for detecting shear waves generated in the biological tissue by the push pulse is transmitted and an echo signal thereof is received. The ultrasonic detecting pulse is an exemplary embodiment of the first ultrasound in the present invention. The echo signal of the ultrasonic detecting pulse is an exemplary embodiment of the first echo signal in the present invention.
Moreover, it is by the ultrasonic probe 2 that an ultrasonic B-mode imaging pulse for producing a B-mode image is transmitted and an echo signal thereof is received. The ultrasonic B-mode pulse is an exemplary embodiment of the second ultrasound in the present invention. The echo signal of the ultrasonic B-mode pulse is an exemplary embodiment of the second echo signal in the present invention.
Furthermore, ultrasonic pulses for purposes other than those described above may be transmitted by the ultrasonic probe 2.
The T/R beamformer 3 drives the ultrasonic probe 2 based on a control signal from the control device 8 to transmit the aforementioned several kinds of ultrasonic pulses having predefined transmit parameters. The T/R beamformer 3 also performs signal processing, such as phased addition processing, on the echo signals of the ultrasound.
The echo data processing section 4 has a B-mode processing section 41, a first calculating section 42, and a second calculating section 43, as shown in
The first calculating section 42 calculates a velocity of propagation of the shear waves generated by the push pulse described above in the biological tissue. Specifically, the first calculating section 42 detects the shear waves based on the echo data derived from the echo signal of the ultrasonic detecting pulse and output from the T/R beamformer 3. The first calculating section 42 then calculates a velocity of propagation of the shear waves to create data representing the velocity of propagation of the shear waves. The velocity of propagation is calculated based on echo data obtained from a first display region R1, which will be discussed later. Therefore, a velocity of propagation of shear waves in the first display region R1 is calculated. The data representing the velocity of propagation is obtained for each portion corresponding to a pixel in an elasticity image, which will be discussed later. The data representing the velocity of propagation will be referred to herein as elasticity data.
The velocity of shear waves in biological tissue varies depending upon elasticity of the biological tissue. Therefore, a velocity of propagation according to elasticity of the biological tissue may be obtained in the first display region R1. The velocity of propagation of shear waves is an exemplary embodiment of the value relating to elasticity of biological tissue in the present invention. The function of calculating the velocity of propagation of shear waves by the first calculating section 42 is an exemplary embodiment of the first calculation function in the present invention.
The first calculating section 42 may calculate an elasticity value for the biological tissue (Young's modulus (in Pa: Pascal)) based on the velocity of propagation to create data representing the elasticity value as the elasticity data. The elasticity value is an exemplary embodiment of the value relating to elasticity of biological tissue in the present invention. The function of calculating the elasticity value by the first calculating section 42 is an exemplary embodiment of the first calculation function in the present invention.
The second calculating section 43 calculates a value of attenuation of ultrasound in the biological tissue. Details thereof will be discussed later. The function of calculating the value of attenuation by the second calculating section 43 is an exemplary embodiment of the second calculation function in the present invention.
The display processing section 5 has a B-mode image data creating section 51, a color image data creating section 52, and an image display control device 53, as shown in
The color image data creating section 52 creates first color data having color information according to the value relating to elasticity of the biological tissue and the attenuation of ultrasound in the biological tissue. In this embodiment, the color image data creating section 52 creates first color data having color information according to the velocity of propagation or elasticity value calculated by the first calculating section 42, and to the value of attenuation of ultrasound calculated by the second calculating section 43. The color image data creating section 52 creates the first color data using a first two-dimensional (2D) color map CM1. Details thereof will be discussed later. Moreover, the color image data creating section 52 creates first color image data by scan-converting the first color data by the scan converter. The function of creating the first color data and first color image data in the color image data creating section 52 is an exemplary embodiment of the data creating function in the present invention.
The image display control device 53 adds the B-mode image data and first color image data together to thereby create first combined image data in which the B-mode image data and first color image data are combined together. The image display control device 53 displays a first combined image II based on the first combined image data on the display device 6, as shown in
Note that the B-mode image BI is an image representing morphology of biological tissue, which is an exemplary embodiment of the second image in the present invention.
The image display control device 53 may display the B-mode image BI alone based on the B-mode image data on the display device 6.
The display device 6 is an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), an organic EL (Electro-Luminescence) display, or the like. The display device 6 is an exemplary embodiment of the display device in the present invention.
The operation device 7 is a device for accepting an input of a command and information from the user. The operation device 7 is configured to include buttons, a keyboard, etc. for accepting an input of a command and information from the user, and to further include a pointing device, such as a trackball, and the like.
The control device 8 is a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The control device 8 loads thereon programs stored in the storage device 9 to control several sections in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 1. For example, the control device 8 loads thereon programs stored in the storage device 9, and executes functions of the T/R beamformer 3, echo data processing section 4, and display processing section 5 by the loaded programs.
The control device 8 may execute all of the functions of the T/R beamformer 3, all of the functions of the echo data processing section 4, and all of the functions of the display processing section 5 by the programs, or execute only part of the functions by the programs. In the case that the control device 8 executes only part of the functions, the remaining functions may be executed by hardware, such as circuitry.
The functions of the T/R beamformer 3, echo data processing section 4, and display processing section 5 may be implemented by hardware, such as circuitry.
The storage device 9 includes non-transitory storage media and transitory storage media. The non-transitory storage media are non-volatile storage media, such as HDD (Hard Disk Drive) and ROM (Read Only Memory), for example. The non-transitory storage media may include portable storage media, such as CD (Compact Disk) and DVD (Digital Versatile Disk).
The transitory storage media are volatile storage media, such as RAM (Random Access Memory).
The programs executed by the control device 8 are stored in a non-transitory storage medium, such as HDD or ROM, constituting the storage device 9. The programs may also be stored in a non-transitory storage medium having portability, such as CD or DVD, constituting the storage device 9.
In the storage device 9 is also stored the first 2D color map CM1.
Next, an operation for displaying the combined image in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the flow chart in
First, at Step S1, the ultrasonic probe 2 transmits an ultrasonic B-mode imaging pulse to biological tissue in a subject to be examined, and receives an echo signal thereof. Then, based on B-mode image data created based on the echo signal, the image display control device 53 displays a B-mode image BI, as shown in
Next, at Step S2, the ultrasonic probe 2 transmits a push pulse to the biological tissue. For example, the transmission of a push pulse may be performed once the operation device 7 has accepted an input by the operator. After the push pulse has been transmitted, the ultrasonic probe 2 transmits an ultrasonic detecting pulse to the biological tissue, and receives an echo signal thereof.
Next, at Step S3, the first calculating section 42 calculates a value relating to elasticity of the biological tissue based on the echo signal of the ultrasonic detecting pulse to create elasticity data. The first calculating section 42 here calculates an elasticity value for the biological tissue. Moreover, the second calculating section 43 calculates a value of attenuation of ultrasound in the biological tissue.
The calculation of a value of attenuation will be described. The second calculating section 43 calculates an amount of attenuation of the echo signal of the ultrasonic detecting pulse, for example, as the value of attenuation for the biological tissue. Alternatively, the second calculating section 43 may calculate an amount of attenuation of the echo signal of the ultrasonic B-mode imaging pulse transmitted at Step Si as the value of attenuation in the biological tissue. A technique of calculating the amount of attenuation that is used is a commonly known technique involving approximating echo signals toward a straight line, and calculating a slope (in a depth direction) of the straight line.
The second calculating section 43 may calculate a global value of attenuation in the first display region R1. Specifically, the second calculating section 43 may calculate one value of attenuation representative of attenuation of ultrasound in a region in the biological tissue corresponding to the region in which the first color image CI1 is to be displayed, which will be discussed later; in other words, it may calculate one value of attenuation for the first display region R1. In this case, the second calculating section 43 may calculate, for example, an amount of attenuation in a portion corresponding to the first display region R1 in one acoustic line along which the ultrasonic detecting pulse or ultrasonic B-mode imaging pulse is transmitted/received. The second calculating section 43 may also calculate a mean amount of attenuation in a plurality of acoustic lines in the first display region R1. It will be easily recognized that in the first display region R1, the ultrasonic detecting pulse or ultrasonic B-mode imaging pulse is transmitted/received in a plurality of acoustic lines.
The second calculating section 43 may also calculate a local value of attenuation in the first display region R1. Specifically, the second calculating section 43 may calculate a value of attenuation for each of a plurality of portions of the region in the biological tissue corresponding to the region in which the first color image CI1 is to be displayed, in other words, it may calculate a plurality of values of attenuation for the first display region R1. In this case, the second calculating section 43 calculates, for example, amounts of attenuation in a plurality of portions in each of the plurality of acoustic lines along which the ultrasonic detecting pulse or ultrasonic B-mode imaging pulse is transmitted/received.
At Step S4, the image display control device 53 displays the first combined image I1 on the display device 6 as shown in
The first 2D color map CM1 has color information according to the elasticity value and the value of attenuation for the biological tissue. The color information is information consisting of hue, chroma, and lightness. The first 2D color map CM1 in
By using the first 2D color map CM1, first color data having different color information is created for the same elasticity value for the biological tissue and a different value of attenuation, and first color data having different color information is created for the same value of attenuation and a different elasticity value for the biological tissue. For example, in the first 2D color map CM1, a point P1 indicates relatively hard biological tissue (a relatively large elasticity value) and a relatively small amount of fat (a relatively small amount of attenuation). A point P2 indicates relatively hard biological tissue (a relatively large elasticity value, which is the same as that at the point P1) and a relatively large amount of fat (a relatively large amount of attenuation). A point P3 indicates relatively soft biological tissue (a relatively small elasticity value) and a relatively large amount of fat (a relatively large amount of attenuation, which is the same as that at the point P2).
When the global value of attenuation, i.e., one representative value of attenuation in the first display region R1, is calculated, the image display control device 53 may display a figure N designating the value of attenuation on the display device 6, as shown in
When the one representative value of attenuation is calculated and the elasticity value is calculated on a pixel-by-pixel basis in the first color image CI1, color information according to the elasticity value is selected on a pixel-by-pixel basis from among color information according to the one representative value of attenuation.
When local values of attenuation, i.e., a plurality of values of attenuation in the first display region R1, are calculated, on the other hand, the image display control device 53 may display a 2D color map CM on the display device 6, although not particularly shown.
When a plurality of values of attenuation are calculated but the value of attenuation is not calculated on a pixel-by-pixel basis in the first color image CI, and at the same time the elasticity value is calculated on a pixel-by-pixel basis, then, for each pixel in each of a plurality of portions for which a value of attenuation is calculated, color information according to the elasticity value is selected from among color information according to the value of attenuation calculated for that portion.
After creating the first color data, the color image data creating section 52 creates first color image data based on the first color data. Then, the image display control device 53 displays a first combined image I1 comprised of a B-mode image BI and a first color image CI1 in the first display region R1 based on the B-mode image data and first color image data.
The first color image CI1 has color information according to the elasticity value and the value of attenuation, and represents the biological tissue (part of it here). By such a first color image CI1 being displayed, a diagnosis may be made taking account of in what condition and at what position in the first display region R1 both the amount of fat and the elasticity are.
Next, a variation of the first embodiment will be described. In this variation, the echo data processing section 4 has the B-mode processing section 41, first calculating section 42, second calculating section 43, and in addition, a third calculating section 44 and a fourth calculating section 45, as shown in
The third calculating section 44 calculates a first precision indicating correctness of the value relating to elasticity of the biological tissue calculated by the first calculating section 42. The function of the third calculating section 44 is an exemplary embodiment of the third calculation function in the present invention.
An example of calculation of the first precision will be described. The first precision is a value indicating a degree of how correctly the value relating to elasticity of the biological tissue reflects elasticity of the biological tissue. As described in Japanese Patent Application KOKAI No. 2016-67399, for example, the third calculating section 44 performs cross-correlation calculation between waveforms of the temporal change of shear wave-induced displacement of biological tissue at two points in a direction of propagation of shear waves, and obtains a correlation coefficient therefrom as the first precision. Therefore, the smaller the value of the first precision, the poorer the correctness of the value relating to elasticity of the biological tissue. Note that the waveform of the temporal change of shear wave-induced displacement of biological tissue is obtained based on the echo signal by the ultrasonic detecting pulse.
The fourth calculating section 45 calculates a second precision indicating correctness of the value of attenuation calculated by the second calculating section 43. The function of the fourth calculating section 45 is an exemplary embodiment of the fourth calculation function in the present invention.
An example of calculation of the second precision will be described below. The fourth calculating section 45 calculates as the second precision a precision of approximation of the echo signals toward a straight line when the second calculating section 42 calculates a value of attenuation. The smaller the value of the second precision, the poorer the correctness of the value of attenuation.
In this variation, the image display control device 53 performs control not to display the first color image CI1 in the case that one of a first condition imposed regarding the first precision and a second condition imposed regarding the second precision is not met. The function of the image display control device 53 is an exemplary embodiment of the image display control function in the present invention.
The first condition is, for example, that the value of the first precision calculated by the third calculating section 43 should be equal to or greater than a threshold set for the value of the first precision. The second condition is, for example, that the value of the second precision calculated by the fourth calculating section 45 should be equal to or greater than a threshold set for the value of the second precision. Therefore, when either of the case that the value of the first precision is less than the threshold or the case that the value of the second precision is less than the threshold is met, the image display control device 53 does not display the first color image CI1 in a frame giving the elasticity value at the first precision and the value of attenuation at the second precision.
The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 1 in the second embodiment has the configuration shown in
In this embodiment, processing according to the flow chart in
At Step S14, in addition to the first combined image I1, a second combined image 12 comprised of the B-mode image BI and a second color image CI2 is displayed.
Creation of the second color image CI2 will be described. In this embodiment, the color image data creating section 52 creates the first color data, and in addition, second color data having color information according to the first precision and second precision. The color image data creating section 52 creates the second color data based on a second 2D color map CM2 shown in
The second 2D color map CM2 has color information according to the value of the first precision and that of the second precision. The color information is information consisting of hue, chroma, and lightness. Again, the second 2D color map CM2 in
The color information is an exemplary embodiment of the display mode in the present invention.
After creating the second color data, the color image data creating section 52 scan-converts the second color data by the scan converter to create second color image data. The function of creating the second color data and second color image data in the color image data creating section 52 is an exemplary embodiment of the data creating function in the present invention.
The image display control device 53 displays a second combined image 12 comprised of a B-mode image BI and a second color image CI2 on the display device 6 based on the B-mode image data and second color image data. The second color image CI2 is displayed in a second display region R2 defined in the B-mode image BI. The second color image CI2 is an exemplary embodiment of the third image in the present invention. The image display control device 53 displays the second combined image 12 and the first combined image I1 side by side, as shown in
The B-mode image BI constituting the second combined image 12 may be the same as that constituting the first combined image I1. Moreover, ultrasound transmission/reception for producing the B-mode image BI constituting the second combined image 12 may be performed separately from that for producing the B-mode image BI constituting the first combined image I1.
The image display control device 53 may switchably display the first combined image I1 and second combined image 12 on the display device 6. In this case, the image display control device 53 may switch between the first combined image I1 and second combined image 12 when, for example, the operation device 7 has accepted an input by the operator.
The second color image CI2 has color information according to the first precision and second precision. By such a second color image CI2 being displayed, it is possible to know where both or one of the value relating to elasticity of biological tissue and the value of attenuation of ultrasound are incorrect. Thus, in making a diagnosis taking account of both the amount of fat having correlativity with attenuation, and the elasticity, it is possible to know whether or not a correct diagnosis may be made.
Next, a variation of the second embodiment will be described. In this variation, the first combined image I1 is not displayed and the second combined image I2 is displayed alone.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments, it will be easily recognized that the present invention may be practiced with several modifications in the scope without changing the spirit thereof. While in the embodiments described above, the second calculating section 43 calculates the amount of attenuation of the echo signal of the ultrasonic detecting pulse or that of the echo signal of the ultrasonic B-mode imaging pulse, an echo signal for which the amount of attenuation is calculated is not limited thereto. For example, aside from the ultrasonic detecting pulse for detecting shear waves and the ultrasonic B-mode pulse, an ultrasonic pulse for measuring attenuation in biological tissue may be transmitted. The ultrasonic pulse for measuring attenuation is an exemplary embodiment of the third ultrasound. Moreover, an echo signal of the ultrasonic pulse for measuring attenuation is an exemplary embodiment the third echo signal. In this case, the second calculating section 43 calculates a value of attenuation of the echo signal of the ultrasonic pulse for measuring attenuation.
Moreover, the echo data processing section 4 may have a deciding section 46, as shown in
It may be contemplated that the deciding section 46 calculates the degree of correlation for each of a plurality of acoustic lines in one frame, and decides the precision of matching based on a mean value thereof. Moreover, the deciding section 46 may decide the precision of matching by calculating the degree of correlation for any one of the acoustic lines in one frame.
The image display control device 53 may display a result of the decision by the deciding section 46 on the display device 6. For example, the result of the decision by the deciding section 46 is displayed as a numeric value indicating the precision of matching according to the degree of correlation on the display device 6.
The echo data processing section 4 shown in
The technique of calculating the first precision and second precision described above is exemplary, and the third calculating section 44 and fourth calculating section 45 may calculate the first precision and second precision according to any other technique. For example, the fourth calculating section 44 may calculate a variance of the signal intensity of the echo signal as the second precision.
Moreover, the technique of obtaining an value relating to elasticity of biological tissue in a subject is not limited to that described above. For example, it may be contemplated that mechanical vibration is applied to a surface of biological tissue, shear waves generated by the mechanical vibration are detected, and the velocity of propagation of the shear waves and/or the elasticity value for the biological tissue is calculated.
Furthermore, the value relating to elasticity of biological tissue is not limited to the velocity of propagation or elasticity value. For example, a distortion of biological tissue may be obtained as the value relating to elasticity of biological tissue.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2017-145144 | Jul 2017 | JP | national |
