Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters Receivers co-operating therewith

GPHYSICS G01Measuring instruments G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING RADIO NAVIGATION DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES

G01S1/00Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters Receivers co-operating therewith

G01S1/02using radio waves G01S1/022Means for monitoring or calibrating G01S1/024of beacon transmitters G01S1/026of associated receivers G01S1/028Simulation means G01S1/04Details G01S1/042Transmitters G01S1/045Receivers G01S1/047Displays or indicators G01S1/06Means for providing multiple indication G01S1/08Systems for determining direction or position line G01S1/10using amplitude comparison of signals transmitted sequentially from aerials or aerial systems having differently-oriented overlapping directivity-characteristics G01S1/12the signals being transmitted sequentially from an aerial or aerial system having the orientation of its directivity characteristic periodically varied G01S1/14using amplitude comparison of signals transmitted simultaneously from aerials or aerial systems having differently-oriented overlapping directivity-characteristics G01S1/16Azimuthal guidance systems G01S1/18Elevational guidance systems G01S1/20using a comparison of transit time of synchronised signals transmitted from non-directional aerials or aerial systems spaced apart G01S1/22the synchronised signals being frequency modulations on carrier waves and the transit times being compared by measuring difference of instantaneous frequencies of received carrier waves G01S1/24the synchronised signals being pulses or equivalent modulations on carrier waves and the transit times being compared by measuring the difference in arrival time of a significant part of the modulations G01S1/245Details of receivers cooperating therewith G01S1/26Systems in which pulses or time-base signals are generated locally at the receiver and brought into predetermined time-relationship with received signals G01S1/28wherein the predetermined time-relationship is maintained automatically contains no documents G01S1/30the synchronised signals being continuous waves or intermittent trains of continuous waves, the intermittency not being for the purpose of determining direction or position line and the transit times being compared by measuring the phase difference G01S1/302Systems in which the direction is determined by using an interferometric type transmitting antenna array G01S1/304Analogous systems in which a beat frequency, obtained by heterodyning the signals, is compared in phase with a reference signal obtained by heterodyning the signals in a fixed reference point and transmitted therefrom G01S1/306Analogous systems in which frequency-related signals (harmonics) are compared in phase G01S1/308particularly adapted to Omega systems G01S1/32Systems in which the signals received, with or without amplification, or signals derived therefrom, are compared in phase directly contains no documents G01S1/34Systems in which first and second synchronised signals are transmitted from both aerials or aerial systems and a beat frequency obtained by heterodyning the first signals with each other is compared in phase with a beat frequency obtained by heterodyning the second signals with each other contains no documents G01S1/36Systems in which a beat frequency, obtained by heterodyning the synchronised signals, is compared in phase with a reference signal having a phase substantially independent of direction contains no documents G01S1/38using comparison of (1) the phase of the envelope of the change of frequency, due to Doppler effect, of the signal transmitted by an aerial moving, or appearing to move, in a cyclic path with (2) the phase of a reference signal, the frequency of this reference signal being synchronised with that of the cyclic movement, or apparent cyclic movement, of the aerial G01S1/40the apparent movement of the aerial being produced by cyclic sequential energisation of fixed aerials G01S1/42Conical-scan beacons transmitting signals which indicate at a mobile receiver any displacement of the receiver from the conical-scan axis G01S1/44Rotating or oscillating beam beacons defining directions in the plane of rotation or oscillation G01S1/46Broad-beam systems producing at a receiver a substantially continuous sinusoidal envelope signal of the carrier wave of the beam, the phase angle of which is dependent upon the angle between the direction of the receiver from the beacon and a reference direction from the beacon G01S1/465using time-varying interference fields G01S1/48wherein the phase angle of the direction-dependent envelope signal is a multiple of the direction angle G01S1/50wherein the phase angle of the direction-dependent envelope signal is compared with a non-direction-dependent reference signal G01S1/52wherein the phase angles of a plurality of direction-dependent envelope signals produced by a plurality of beams rotating at different speeds or in different directions are compared G01S1/54Narrow-beam systems producing at a receiver a pulse-type envelope signal of the carrier wave of the beam, the timing of which is dependent upon the angle between the direction of the receiver from the beacon and a reference direction from the beacon Overlapping broad beam systems defining a narrow zone and producing at a receiver a pulse-type envelope signal of the carrier wave of the beam, the... G01S1/56Timing the pulse-type envelope signals derived by reception of the beam G01S1/58wherein a characteristic of the beam transmitted or of an auxiliary signal is varied in time synchronously with rotation or oscillation of the beam G01S1/60Varying frequency of beam signal or of auxiliary signal G01S1/62Varying phase-relationship between beam and auxiliary signal G01S1/64Varying pulse timing G01S1/66Superimposing direction-indicating intelligence signals G01S1/68Marker, boundary, call-sign, or like beacons transmitting signals not carrying directional information G01S1/685using pulse modulation G01S1/70using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves G01S1/705using gamma or X-rays G01S1/72using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves G01S1/725Marker, boundary, call-sign or like beacons transmitting signals not carrying directional information G01S1/74Details G01S1/76Systems for determining direction or position line G01S1/763using the Doppler shift introduced by the relative motion between beacon and receiver G01S1/766Conical-scan beam beacons transmitting signals which indicate at a mobile receiver any displacement of the receiver from the conical-scan axis G01S1/78using amplitude comparison of signals transmitted from transducers or transducer systems having differently-oriented characteristics G01S1/783the signals being transmitted sequentially G01S1/786the signals being transmitted simultaneously G01S1/80using a comparison of transit time of synchronised signals transmitted from non-directional transducers or transducer systems spaced apart G01S1/802the synchronised signals being frequency modulations on carrier waves and the transit times being compared by measuring difference of instantaneous frequencies of received carrier waves G01S1/805the synchronised signals being pulses or equivalent modulations on carrier waves and the transit times being compared by measuring the difference in arrival time of a significant part of the modulations G01S1/807the synchronised signals being continuous waves or intermittent trains of continuous waves, the intermittency not being for the purpose of determining direction or position line and the transit times being compared by measuring the phase difference G01S1/82Rotating or oscillating beam beacons defining directions in the plane of rotation or oscillation