Compositions of polycarbonates Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates

Industry

CPC
C08L69/00

This industry / category may be too specific. Please go to a parent level for more data

Industries

Please log in for detailed analytics

Patents Grantslast 30 patents

Information Patent Grant
Flame retardant composition comprising a polysiloxane
- Patent number 12,331,189
- Issue date Jun 17, 2025
- SABIC GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES B.V.
- Yuqi Li
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Polycarbonate-based thermoplastic compositions having improved tran...
- Patent number 12,331,190
- Issue date Jun 17, 2025
- SHPP Global Technologies B.V.
- Qin Wang
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Methods for producing polycarbonate copolymer and polysiloxane comp...
- Patent number 12,325,796
- Issue date Jun 10, 2025
- Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.
- Kazuyoshi Uera
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Recycled and renewable polymeric composition for computer chassis
- Patent number 12,319,812
- Issue date Jun 3, 2025
- Dell Products L.P.
- Nicholas D. Abbatiello
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Plastic articles made from recycled medical and other plastic waste
- Patent number 12,319,806
- Issue date Jun 3, 2025
- TRIUMVIRATE ENVIRONMENTAL, INC.
- John F. McQuillan
- B29 - WORKING OF PLASTICS WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE, IN GENERAL
Information Patent Grant
Polycarbonate resin composition
- Patent number 12,304,997
- Issue date May 20, 2025
- Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.
- Kohei Yoshiya
- C09 - DYES PAINTS POLISHES NATURAL RESINS ADHESIVES MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITION...
Information Patent Grant
Polycarbonate resin
- Patent number 12,304,998
- Issue date May 20, 2025
- Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.
- Keisuke Shimokawa
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Transparent resin composition and transparent resin molded article
- Patent number 12,297,349
- Issue date May 13, 2025
- Sony Group Corporation
- Akito Kuriyama
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Thermoplastic resin composition for millimeter-wave radar member, m...
- Patent number 12,290,991
- Issue date May 6, 2025
- Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
- Hidekazu Shoji
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Grant
Thermoplastic resin composition and optical member using same
- Patent number 12,286,532
- Issue date Apr 29, 2025
- Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.
- Atsushi Motegi
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Resin composition for production of foam particles, foam particles,...
- Patent number 12,286,521
- Issue date Apr 29, 2025
- Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.
- Yusuke Kuwabara
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Multi-block copolymer compositions
- Patent number 12,286,531
- Issue date Apr 29, 2025
- Reva Medical, Inc.
- Lioubov Kabalnova
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Polycarbonate polymer with siloxane repeat units, compositions, and...
- Patent number 12,281,199
- Issue date Apr 22, 2025
- 3M Innovative Properties Company
- Carl A. Laskowski
- C09 - DYES PAINTS POLISHES NATURAL RESINS ADHESIVES MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITION...
Information Patent Grant
Polymer electrolyte for secondary battery and lithium secondary bat...
- Patent number 12,278,335
- Issue date Apr 15, 2025
- LG ENERGY SOLUTION, LTD.
- Sol Ji Park
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Grant
Polybutylene terephthalate resin composition
- Patent number 12,269,919
- Issue date Apr 8, 2025
- TOYOBO MC CORPORATION
- Motonobu Kamiya
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Slip-resistant coating, method of coating a substrate and a coated...
- Patent number 12,264,256
- Issue date Apr 1, 2025
- Sika Technology AG
- Chia Wang
- C09 - DYES PAINTS POLISHES NATURAL RESINS ADHESIVES MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITION...
Information Patent Grant
Thermoplastic resin composition and molded article therefrom
- Patent number 12,252,612
- Issue date Mar 18, 2025
- Lotte Chemical Corporation
- Sang Ki Park
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Polycarbonate blend having reduced disturbing noise
- Patent number 12,247,122
- Issue date Mar 11, 2025
- Covestro Deutschland AG
- Kristina Pupovac
- B29 - WORKING OF PLASTICS WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE, IN GENERAL
Information Patent Grant
Optical lens
- Patent number 12,240,944
- Issue date Mar 4, 2025
- Teijin Limited
- Kyosuke Yamada
- G02 - OPTICS
Information Patent Grant
Methods for producing polycarbonate copolymer and polysiloxane comp...
- Patent number 12,240,978
- Issue date Mar 4, 2025
- Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.
- Kazuyoshi Uera
- G02 - OPTICS
Information Patent Grant
Process for preparing polycarbonate and catalytic system used
- Patent number 12,234,320
- Issue date Feb 25, 2025
- ENI S.p.A.
- Paolo Biagini
- B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
Information Patent Grant
Hitting sound reducing material and thermoplastic resin composition
- Patent number 12,215,218
- Issue date Feb 4, 2025
- Techno-UMG Co., Ltd.
- Kentaro Hiraishi
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Composition and method for producing a transparent thermoplastic po...
- Patent number 12,195,623
- Issue date Jan 14, 2025
- Covestro Deutschland AG
- Andreas Seidel
- B29 - WORKING OF PLASTICS WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE, IN GENERAL
Information Patent Grant
Polycarbonate resin composition or copolymer, and optical film
- Patent number 12,195,622
- Issue date Jan 14, 2025
- Teijin Limited
- Shoichi Maekawa
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Non-painted thermoplastic resin composition comprising viscose rayo...
- Patent number 12,187,889
- Issue date Jan 7, 2025
- CEPLA CO., LTD.
- Chang Won Chae
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Extruded capacitor films with high temperature performance, methods...
- Patent number 12,180,365
- Issue date Dec 31, 2024
- SHPP Global Technologies B.V.
- James Alan Mahood
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Grant
Thermoplastic resin composition and article produced therefrom
- Patent number 12,180,363
- Issue date Dec 31, 2024
- Lotte Chemical Corporation
- Woo Jin Lee
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Aromatic polycarbonate resin composition
- Patent number 12,180,364
- Issue date Dec 31, 2024
- MITSUBISHI CHEMICAL CORPORATION
- Yohei Nishino
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Polyester carbonates from cycloaliphatic diacids and aliphatic diol...
- Patent number 12,173,150
- Issue date Dec 24, 2024
- Covestro Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG
- Alexander Meyer
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Copolymer and composite resin
- Patent number 12,163,021
- Issue date Dec 10, 2024
- Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.
- Makoto Fujiwara
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...

Patents Applicationslast 30 patents

Information Patent Application
LOW VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND (VOC) THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITION
- Publication number 20250188274
- Publication date Jun 12, 2025
- SABIC Global Technologies B.V.
- Sangita Nandi
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
RESIN COMPOSITION, PELLET, AND FORMED ARTICLE
- Publication number 20250188275
- Publication date Jun 12, 2025
- MITSUBISHI CHEMICAL CORPORATION
- Yasuyuki IRIE
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
COMPOSITE RESIN COMPOSITION FOR AUTOMOBILE INTERIOR MATERIALS AND A...
- Publication number 20250188271
- Publication date Jun 12, 2025
- LG CHEM, LTD.
- Gun KO
- B29 - WORKING OF PLASTICS WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE, IN GENERAL
Information Patent Application
THERMOPLASTIC RESIN COMPOSITION FOR FOAM MOLDING AND MOLDED FOAM AR...
- Publication number 20250188272
- Publication date Jun 12, 2025
- Techno-UMG Co., Ltd.
- Hiroki ANDO
- B29 - WORKING OF PLASTICS WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE, IN GENERAL
Information Patent Application
POLYCARBONATE-POLYESTER COMPOSITION AND COMPONENT HAVING A HIGH COM...
- Publication number 20250188273
- Publication date Jun 12, 2025
- COVESTRO DEUTSCHLAND AG
- Marius Nolte
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
AROMATIC POLYCARBONATE RESIN COMPOSITION AND MOLDED ARTICLE THEREOF
- Publication number 20250188276
- Publication date Jun 12, 2025
- TEIJIN LIMITED
- Yoshinobu ISHITANI
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
POLYCARBONATE RESIN COMPOSITION AND ANTENNA MEMBER
- Publication number 20250183525
- Publication date Jun 5, 2025
- MITSUBISHI CHEMICAL CORPORATION
- Yohei NISHINO
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Application
THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITIONS
- Publication number 20250179296
- Publication date Jun 5, 2025
- SHPP Global Technologies B.V.
- Xing LIU
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
POLYCARBONATE COPOLYMER COMPOSITIONS
- Publication number 20250171638
- Publication date May 29, 2025
- SHPP Global Technologies B.V.
- Fabio Di Lena
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
CONNECTION COMPONENT FOR AN ELECTRICAL CONDUCTOR
- Publication number 20250171624
- Publication date May 29, 2025
- Phoenix Contact GmbH & Co. KG
- Mike ADAMIK
- H05 - ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
Information Patent Application
High Comparative Tracking Index Polycarbonate Compositions with Imp...
- Publication number 20250163266
- Publication date May 22, 2025
- SHPP Global Technologies B.V.
- Keran Chen
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
TRANSPARENT POLYCARBONATE COMPOSITIONS
- Publication number 20250163265
- Publication date May 22, 2025
- SHPP Global Technologies B.V.
- Wei ZHAO
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
COMPOSITION FOR CAMERA MODULE LENS AND CAMERA MODULE LENS COMPRISIN...
- Publication number 20250164666
- Publication date May 22, 2025
- Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd.
- Min Ji KIM
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
METHOD FOR PRODUCING CURABLE RESIN
- Publication number 20250154315
- Publication date May 15, 2025
- Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.
- Aiko KODA
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
POLYCARBONATE-BASED RESIN COMPOSITION
- Publication number 20250145819
- Publication date May 8, 2025
- Idemitsu Kosan Co.,Ltd
- Yuki OGUSA
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
Thermoplastic Vulcanizates for Use at High Temperatures
- Publication number 20250145808
- Publication date May 8, 2025
- CELANESE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION
- Milind B. Joshi
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
Conductive Thermoplastic Resin Composition and Molded Article Forme...
- Publication number 20250136809
- Publication date May 1, 2025
- LOTTE CHEMICAL CORPORATION
- Ki Hong CHOI
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
METHOD FOR PRODUCING FLAME RETARDANT POLYCARBONATE RESIN COMPOSITIO...
- Publication number 20250129246
- Publication date Apr 24, 2025
- MITSUBISHI ENGINEERING-PLASTICS CORPORATION
- Toshiyuki TAJIRI
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
FLAME-RETARDANT POLYCARBONATE RESIN COMPOSITION AND MOLDED PRODUCT...
- Publication number 20250122374
- Publication date Apr 17, 2025
- TEIJIN LIMITED
- Kengo HIGASHI
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
METHODS FOR PRODUCING POLYCARBONATE COPOLYMER AND POLYSILOXANE COMP...
- Publication number 20250115762
- Publication date Apr 10, 2025
- Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.
- Kazuyoshi UERA
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
CHEMICAL-RESISTANT POLYCARBONATE COMPOSITION AND PREPARATION METHOD...
- Publication number 20250115758
- Publication date Apr 10, 2025
- SHENZHEN YUANCHUANG CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
- Zhigang Ren
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
GRAFT COPOLYMERS FOR REDUCING THE SURFACE TENSION IN POLYMER BLENDS
- Publication number 20250109257
- Publication date Apr 3, 2025
- COVESTRO DEUTSCHLAND AG
- Andreas Seidel
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
FLAME-RETARDANT POLYCARBONATE FILM
- Publication number 20250101206
- Publication date Mar 27, 2025
- Illinois Tool Works Inc.
- Yuxi LANG
- B32 - LAYERED PRODUCTS
Information Patent Application
POLYCARBONATE-BASED RESIN COMPOSITION
- Publication number 20250101223
- Publication date Mar 27, 2025
- Idemitsu Kosan Co.,Ltd
- Takahiro BITO
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
Thermoplastic Resin Composition and Molded Article Manufactured Fro...
- Publication number 20250092254
- Publication date Mar 20, 2025
- LOTTE CHEMICAL CORPORATION
- Semi KIM
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
Polycarbonate Compositions with Flame Retardant Properties for Lase...
- Publication number 20250084247
- Publication date Mar 13, 2025
- SHPP Global Technologies B.V.
- Jianmin Yang
- C23 - COATING METALLIC MATERIAL COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL CHEMI...
Information Patent Application
Flame-Retardant Composition Comprising 0.040% to 0.095% by Weight o...
- Publication number 20250084246
- Publication date Mar 13, 2025
- COVESTRO DEUTSCHLAND AG
- Helmut Werner Heuer
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
MOLDED PRODUCT MANUFACTURED FROM THERMOPLASTIC RESIN COMPOSITION
- Publication number 20250075071
- Publication date Mar 6, 2025
- Hyundai Motor Company
- Min Jin Choi
- B60 - VEHICLES IN GENERAL
Information Patent Application
POLYCARBONATE RESIN COMPOSITION
- Publication number 20250066586
- Publication date Feb 27, 2025
- MITSUBISHI ENGINEERING-PLASTICS CORPORATION
- Wataru AKATSUKA
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
MOLDED ARTICLE HAVING REDUCED BIREFRINGENCE
- Publication number 20250066604
- Publication date Feb 27, 2025
- Hyundai Motor Company
- Jung Gyun Noh
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...

Compositions of polycarbonates Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates

Industry

Parent Industries

Current Industry

Sub Industries

Patents Grantslast 30 patents

Flame retardant composition comprising a polysiloxane

Polycarbonate-based thermoplastic compositions having improved tran...

Methods for producing polycarbonate copolymer and polysiloxane comp...

Recycled and renewable polymeric composition for computer chassis

Plastic articles made from recycled medical and other plastic waste

Polycarbonate resin composition

Polycarbonate resin

Transparent resin composition and transparent resin molded article

Thermoplastic resin composition for millimeter-wave radar member, m...

Thermoplastic resin composition and optical member using same

Resin composition for production of foam particles, foam particles,...

Multi-block copolymer compositions

Polycarbonate polymer with siloxane repeat units, compositions, and...

Polymer electrolyte for secondary battery and lithium secondary bat...

Polybutylene terephthalate resin composition

Slip-resistant coating, method of coating a substrate and a coated...

Thermoplastic resin composition and molded article therefrom

Polycarbonate blend having reduced disturbing noise

Optical lens

Methods for producing polycarbonate copolymer and polysiloxane comp...

Process for preparing polycarbonate and catalytic system used

Hitting sound reducing material and thermoplastic resin composition

Composition and method for producing a transparent thermoplastic po...

Polycarbonate resin composition or copolymer, and optical film

Non-painted thermoplastic resin composition comprising viscose rayo...

Extruded capacitor films with high temperature performance, methods...

Thermoplastic resin composition and article produced therefrom

Aromatic polycarbonate resin composition

Polyester carbonates from cycloaliphatic diacids and aliphatic diol...

Copolymer and composite resin

Patents Applicationslast 30 patents

LOW VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND (VOC) THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITION

RESIN COMPOSITION, PELLET, AND FORMED ARTICLE

COMPOSITE RESIN COMPOSITION FOR AUTOMOBILE INTERIOR MATERIALS AND A...

THERMOPLASTIC RESIN COMPOSITION FOR FOAM MOLDING AND MOLDED FOAM AR...

POLYCARBONATE-POLYESTER COMPOSITION AND COMPONENT HAVING A HIGH COM...

AROMATIC POLYCARBONATE RESIN COMPOSITION AND MOLDED ARTICLE THEREOF

POLYCARBONATE RESIN COMPOSITION AND ANTENNA MEMBER

THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITIONS

POLYCARBONATE COPOLYMER COMPOSITIONS

CONNECTION COMPONENT FOR AN ELECTRICAL CONDUCTOR

High Comparative Tracking Index Polycarbonate Compositions with Imp...

TRANSPARENT POLYCARBONATE COMPOSITIONS

COMPOSITION FOR CAMERA MODULE LENS AND CAMERA MODULE LENS COMPRISIN...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING CURABLE RESIN

POLYCARBONATE-BASED RESIN COMPOSITION

Thermoplastic Vulcanizates for Use at High Temperatures

Conductive Thermoplastic Resin Composition and Molded Article Forme...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING FLAME RETARDANT POLYCARBONATE RESIN COMPOSITIO...

FLAME-RETARDANT POLYCARBONATE RESIN COMPOSITION AND MOLDED PRODUCT...

METHODS FOR PRODUCING POLYCARBONATE COPOLYMER AND POLYSILOXANE COMP...

CHEMICAL-RESISTANT POLYCARBONATE COMPOSITION AND PREPARATION METHOD...

GRAFT COPOLYMERS FOR REDUCING THE SURFACE TENSION IN POLYMER BLENDS

FLAME-RETARDANT POLYCARBONATE FILM

POLYCARBONATE-BASED RESIN COMPOSITION

Thermoplastic Resin Composition and Molded Article Manufactured Fro...

Polycarbonate Compositions with Flame Retardant Properties for Lase...

Flame-Retardant Composition Comprising 0.040% to 0.095% by Weight o...

MOLDED PRODUCT MANUFACTURED FROM THERMOPLASTIC RESIN COMPOSITION

POLYCARBONATE RESIN COMPOSITION

MOLDED ARTICLE HAVING REDUCED BIREFRINGENCE