Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes

CCHEMISTRY METALLURGY C22Metallurgy C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS

C22B3/00Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes

C22B3/0001Leaching of ores not used, see subgroups C22B3/0002Leaching with an ammoniacal liquor or with a hydroxide of an alkali or an alkaline earth metal C22B3/0004Treatment or purification of solutions C22B3/0005by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds C22B3/0006using acyclic or carbocyclic compounds C22B3/0008using acyclic or carbocyclic compounds of a single type C22B3/0009using alcohols or phenols C22B3/001using amines C22B3/0012using aliphatic amines C22B3/0013using aromatic amines C22B3/0014using amino-alcohols C22B3/0016using quaternary ammonium C22B3/0017using oximes C22B3/0018using ethers or epoxides C22B3/002using crown ethers C22B3/0021using ketones or aldehydes C22B3/0022using organic acids C22B3/0024using acids of the carboxylic type or derivatives thereof C22B3/0025using oxalic acids C22B3/0027using naphthenic acids C22B3/0028using ramified chain carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof C22B3/0029using cyanic acids or derivatives thereof C22B3/0031using organic compounds containing sulfur atom(s) C22B3/0032using mixtures of acyclic or carbocyclic compounds of different types C22B3/0033using organic acids added to oximes C22B3/0035using heterocyclic compounds C22B3/0036using heterocyclic compounds of a single type C22B3/0037using quinoline C22B3/0039using a mixture of organic agents wherein one agent at least is a heterocyclic compound C22B3/004using organo-metallic compounds or organo compounds of boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium or tellurim C22B3/0041using organo-metallic compounds of a single type C22B3/0043using phosphorus-based acid derivatives C22B3/0044of a single type C22B3/0045Acyclic compounds C22B3/0047of the phosphine or phosphane (PH3) type C22B3/0048Primary (RPH2) compounds C22B3/005Secondary (R2PH) compounds C22B3/0051Tertiary (R3PH) compounds C22B3/0052Chalcogenides of phosphine C22B3/0054of the phosphorane (PH5) type C22B3/0055of the phosphonium (PR4) type C22B3/0056Mononuclear oxyacids of tervalent phosphorus or their esters(-ite) C22B3/0058Phosphenous (HOPO) type C22B3/0059Phosphinous (H2POH) type C22B3/006Phosphonous (H2P(OH)2) type C22B3/0062Phosphorous (P(OH)3) type C22B3/0063Mononuclear oxyacids of pentavalent phosphorus or their esters(-ate) C22B3/0064Phosphenic (HOP(O)2) or metaphosphoric type C22B3/0066Phosphinic (H2P(O)(OH)) type C22B3/0067Phosphonic (H2P(O)(OH)2) type C22B3/0068Phosphoric ((O)P(OH)3) type C22B3/007Thiophosphoric acids or their esters C22B3/0071Dinuclear or polynuclear oxyacids and their derivatives C22B3/0072Compounds with phosphorus-nitrogen (P=N) double bonds C22B3/0074compounds with (P-P) bonds C22B3/0075compounds with (P-Xn-P) bonds (n, 0, X: other than P) C22B3/0077Cyclic compounds C22B3/0078using a mixture of phosphorus-based acid derivatives of different types C22B3/0079of the acyclic type C22B3/0081two or more of the phosphine type C22B3/0082two or more of the phosphine oxides or sulfides type C22B3/0083two or more of the phosphorane type C22B3/0085two or more of the phosphonium type C22B3/0086two or more of the mononuclear oxyacids of tervalent phosphorus or their esters C22B3/0087two or more mononuclear oxyacids of quinquevalent phosphorus or their esters C22B3/0089two or more thiophosphoric acids or their esters C22B3/009two or more dinuclear or polynuclear oxyacids or their derivatives C22B3/0091combinations of the above C22B3/0093comprising cyclic compounds only C22B3/0094comprising cyclic and acyclic compounds C22B3/0095using a mixture of organic agents wherein one agent at least is an organo-metallic compound C22B3/0097using a solution of normally solid organic compounds C22B3/0098by ion exchange extraction or by adsorption on solid substances C22B3/02Apparatus therefor C22B3/04by leaching C22B3/045Leaching using electrochemical processes C22B3/06in inorganic acid solutions C22B3/065Nitric acids or salts thereof C22B3/08Sulfuric acid, other sulfurated acids or salts thereof C22B3/10Hydrochloric acid, other halogenated acids or salts thereof C22B3/12in inorganic alkaline solutions C22B3/14containing ammonia or ammonium salts C22B3/16in organic solutions C22B3/1608Leaching with acyclic or carbocyclic agents C22B3/1616Leaching with acyclic or carbocyclic agents of a single type C22B3/1625with amines C22B3/1633with oximes C22B3/1641with ketones or aldehydes C22B3/165with organic acids C22B3/1658Leaching with acyclic or carbocyclic agents of different types in admixture C22B3/1666Leaching with heterocyclic compounds C22B3/1675Leaching with a mixture of organic agents wherein one agent at least is a heterocyclic compounds C22B3/1683Leaching with organo-metallic compounds C22B3/1691Leaching with a mixture of organic agents wherein at least one agent is an organo-metallic compound C22B3/18with the aid of micro-organisms or enzymes C22B3/20Treatment or purification of solutions C22B3/205using adducts or inclusion complexes C22B3/22by physical processes C22B3/24by adsorption on solid substances C22B3/42by ion-exchange extraction C22B3/44by chemical processes C22B3/46by substitution