Industry
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CPC
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H01M8/00
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H01M8/002Shape, form of a fuel cell
H01M8/004Cylindrical, tubular or wound
H01M8/006Flat
H01M8/008Disposal or recycling of fuel cells
H01M8/02Details
H01M8/0202Collectors Separators
H01M8/0204Non-porous and characterised by the material
H01M8/0206Metals or alloys
H01M8/0208Alloys
H01M8/021Alloys based on iron
H01M8/0213Gas-impermeable carbon-containing materials
H01M8/0215Glass Ceramic materials
H01M8/0217Complex oxides, optionally doped, of the type AMO3, A being an alkaline earth metal or rare earth metal and M being a metal
H01M8/0219Chromium complex oxides
H01M8/0221Organic resins Organic polymers
H01M8/0223Composites
H01M8/0226in the form of mixtures
H01M8/0228in the form of layered or coated products
H01M8/023Porous and characterised by the material
H01M8/0232Metals or alloys
H01M8/0234Carbonaceous material
H01M8/0236Glass Ceramics Cermets
H01M8/0239Organic resins Organic polymers
H01M8/0241Composites
H01M8/0243in the form of mixtures
H01M8/0245in the form of layered or coated products
H01M8/0247characterised by the form
H01M8/025semicylindrical
H01M8/0252tubular
H01M8/0254corrugated or undulated
H01M8/0256Vias
H01M8/0258characterised by the configuration of channels
H01M8/026characterised by grooves
H01M8/0263having meandering or serpentine paths
H01M8/0265the reactant or coolant channels having varying cross sections
H01M8/0267having heating or cooling means
H01M8/0269Separators, collectors or interconnectors including a printed circuit board
H01M8/0271Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
H01M8/0273with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
H01M8/0276Sealing means characterised by their form
H01M8/0278O-rings
H01M8/028Sealing means characterised by their material
H01M8/0282Inorganic material
H01M8/0284Organic resins Organic polymers
H01M8/0286Processes for forming seals
H01M8/0289Means for holding the electrolyte
H01M8/0293Matrices for immobilising electrolyte solutions
H01M8/0295Matrices for immobilising electrolyte melts
H01M8/0297Arrangements for joining electrodes, reservoir layers, heat exchange units or bipolar separators to each other
H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements
H01M8/04007related to heat exchange
H01M8/04014Heat exchange using gaseous fluids Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
H01M8/04022Heating by combustion
H01M8/04029Heat exchange using liquids
H01M8/04037Electrical heating
H01M8/04044Purification of heat exchange media
H01M8/04052Storage of heat in the fuel cell system
H01M8/04059Evaporative processes for the cooling of a fuel cell
H01M8/04067Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation
H01M8/04074Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
H01M8/04082Arrangements for control of reactant parameters
H01M8/04089of gaseous reactants
H01M8/04097with recycling of the reactants
H01M8/04104Regulation of differential pressures
H01M8/04111using a compressor turbine assembly
H01M8/04119with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte Humidifying or dehumidifying
H01M8/04126Humidifying
H01M8/04134by coolants
H01M8/04141by water containing exhaust gases
H01M8/04149by diffusion
H01M8/04156with product water removal
H01M8/04164by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
H01M8/04171using adsorbents, wicks or hydrophilic material
H01M8/04179by purging or increasing flow or pressure of reactants
H01M8/04186of liquid-charged or electrolyte-charged reactants
H01M8/04194Concentration measuring cells
H01M8/04197Preventing means for fuel crossover
H01M8/04201Reactant storage and supply
H01M8/04208Cartridges, cryogenic media or cryogenic reservoirs
H01M8/04216characterised by the choice for a specific material
H01M8/04223during start-up or shut-down Depolarisation or activation
H01M8/04225during start-up
H01M8/04228during shut-down
H01M8/04231Purging of the reactants
H01M8/04238Depolarisation
H01M8/04246Short circuiting means for defective fuel cells
H01M8/04253Means for solving freezing problems
H01M8/04268Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
H01M8/04276Arrangements for managing the electrolyte stream
H01M8/04283Supply means of electrolyte to or in matrix-fuel cells
H01M8/04291Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
H01M8/043applied during specific periods
H01M8/04302applied during start-up
H01M8/04303applied during shut-down
H01M8/04305Modeling, demonstration models of fuel cells
H01M8/04313characterised by the detection or assessment of variables characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
H01M8/0432Temperature Ambient temperature
H01M8/04328of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
H01M8/04335of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
H01M8/04343of anode exhausts
H01M8/0435of cathode exhausts
H01M8/04358of the coolant
H01M8/04365of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
H01M8/04373of auxiliary devices
H01M8/0438Pressure Ambient pressure Flow
H01M8/04388of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
H01M8/04395of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
H01M8/04402of anode exhausts
H01M8/0441of cathode exhausts
H01M8/04417of the coolant
H01M8/04425at auxiliary devices
H01M8/04432Pressure differences
H01M8/0444Concentration Density
H01M8/04447of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
H01M8/04455of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
H01M8/04462of anode exhausts
H01M8/0447of cathode exhausts
H01M8/04477of the electrolyte
H01M8/04485of the coolant
H01M8/04492Humidity Ambient humidity Water content
H01M8/045of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
H01M8/04507of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
H01M8/04514of anode exhausts
H01M8/04522of cathode exhausts
H01M8/04529of the electrolyte
H01M8/04537Electric variables
H01M8/04544Voltage
H01M8/04552of the individual fuel cell
H01M8/04559of fuel cell stacks
H01M8/04567of auxiliary devices
H01M8/04574Current
H01M8/04582of the individual fuel cell
H01M8/04589of fuel cell stacks
H01M8/04597of auxiliary devices
H01M8/04604Power, energy, capacity or load
H01M8/04611of the individual fuel cell
H01M8/04619of fuel cell stacks
H01M8/04626of auxiliary devices
H01M8/04634Other electric variables
H01M8/04641of the individual fuel cell
H01M8/04649of fuel cell stacks
H01M8/04656of auxiliary devices
H01M8/04664Failure or abnormal function
H01M8/04671of the individual fuel cell
H01M8/04679of fuel cell stacks
H01M8/04686of auxiliary devices
H01M8/04694characterised by variables to be controlled
H01M8/04701Temperature
H01M8/04708of fuel cell reactants
H01M8/04716of fuel cell exhausts
H01M8/04723of the coolant
H01M8/04731of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
H01M8/04738of auxiliary devices
H01M8/04746Pressure Flow
H01M8/04753of fuel cell reactants
H01M8/04761of fuel cell exhausts
H01M8/04768of the coolant
H01M8/04776at auxiliary devices
H01M8/04783Pressure differences
H01M8/04791Concentration Density
H01M8/04798of fuel cell reactants
H01M8/04805of fuel cell exhausts
H01M8/04813of the coolant
H01M8/0482of the electrolyte
H01M8/04828Humidity Water content
H01M8/04835of fuel cell reactants
H01M8/04843of fuel cell exhausts
H01M8/0485of the electrolyte
H01M8/04858Electric variables
H01M8/04865Voltage
H01M8/04873of the individual fuel cell
H01M8/0488of fuel cell stacks
H01M8/04888of auxiliary devices
H01M8/04895Current
H01M8/04902of the individual fuel cell
H01M8/0491of fuel cell stacks
H01M8/04917of auxiliary devices
H01M8/04925Power, energy, capacity or load
H01M8/04932of the individual fuel cell
H01M8/0494of fuel cell stacks
H01M8/04947of auxiliary devices
H01M8/04949other electric variables
H01M8/04951of the individual fuel cell
H01M8/04952of fuel cell stacks
H01M8/04953of auxiliary devices
H01M8/04955Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
H01M8/04992characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms
H01M8/06Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
H01M8/0606with means for production of gaseous reactants
H01M8/0612from carbon-containing material
H01M8/0618Reforming processes
H01M8/0625in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
H01M8/0631Reactor construction specially adapted for combination reactor/fuel cell
H01M8/0637Direct internal reforming at the anode of the fuel cell
H01M8/0643Gasification of solid fuel
H01M8/065by dissolution of metals or alloys by dehydriding metallic substances
H01M8/0656by electrochemical means
H01M8/0662Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues
H01M8/0668Removal of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide
H01M8/0675Removal of sulfur
H01M8/0681Reactant purification by the use of electrochemical cells
H01M8/0687Reactant purification by the use of membranes or filters
H01M8/0693Treatment of the electrolyte residue
H01M8/08Fuel cells with aqueous electrolytes
H01M8/083Alkaline fuel cells
H01M8/086Phosphoric acid fuel cells [PAFC]
H01M8/10Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
H01M8/1004characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
H01M8/1006Corrugated, curved or wave-shaped MEA
H01M8/1007with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
H01M8/1009with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
H01M8/1011Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC]
H01M8/1013Other direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC]
H01M8/1016characterised by the electrolyte material
H01M8/1018Polymeric electrolyte materials
H01M8/102characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
H01M8/1023having only carbon
H01M8/1025having only carbon and oxygen
H01M8/1027having carbon, oxygen and other atoms
H01M8/103having nitrogen
H01M8/1032having sulfur
H01M8/1034having phosphorus
H01M8/1037having silicon
H01M8/1039halogenated
H01M8/1041Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends
H01M8/1044Mixtures of polymers, of which at least one is ionically conductive
H01M8/1046Mixtures of at least one polymer and at least one additive
H01M8/1048Ion-conducting additives
H01M8/1051Non-ion-conducting additives
H01M8/1053consisting of layers of polymers with at least one layer being ionically conductive
H01M8/1055Inorganic layers on the polymer electrolytes
H01M8/1058characterised by a porous support having no ion-conducting properties
H01M8/106characterised by the chemical composition of the porous support
H01M8/1062characterised by the physical properties of the porous support
H01M8/1065characterised by the form
H01M8/1067characterised by their physical properties
H01M8/1069characterised by the manufacturing processes
H01M8/1072by chemical reactions
H01M8/1074Sol-gel processes
H01M8/1076Micromachining techniques
H01M8/1079Inducing porosity into non porous precursors membranes
H01M8/1081starting from solutions, dispersions or slurries exclusively of polymers
H01M8/1083Starting from polymer melts other than monomer melts
H01M8/1086After-treatment of the membrane other than by polymerisation
H01M8/1088Chemical modification
H01M8/109thermal other than drying
H01M8/1093mechanical
H01M8/1097Fuel cells applied on a support
H01M8/12operating at high temperature
H01M8/1213characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material
H01M8/122Corrugated, curved or wave-shaped MEA
H01M8/1226characterised by the supporting layer
H01M8/1231with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
H01M8/1233with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
H01M8/124characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
H01M8/1246the electrolyte consisting of oxides
H01M8/1253the electrolyte containing zirconium oxide
H01M8/126the electrolyte containing cerium oxide
H01M8/1266the electrolyte containing bismuth oxide
H01M8/1273Fuel cells with solid halide electrolytes
H01M8/1286Fuel cells applied on a support
H01M8/14Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
H01M8/141the anode and the cathode being gas-permeable electrodes or electrode layers
H01M8/142with matrix-supported or semi-solid matrix-reinforced electrolyte
H01M8/143with liquid, solid or electrolyte-charged reactants
H01M8/144characterised by the electrolyte material
H01M8/145comprising carbonates
H01M8/146Fuel cells with molten hydroxide
H01M8/148Measures, other than selecting a specific electrode material, to reduce electrode dissolution
H01M8/16Biochemical fuel cells
H01M8/18Regenerative fuel cells
H01M8/182Regeneration by thermal means
H01M8/184Regeneration by electrochemical means
H01M8/186by electrolytic decomposition of the electrolytic solution or the formed water product
H01M8/188by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
H01M8/20Indirect fuel cells
H01M8/22Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
H01M8/222Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on compounds containing nitrogen
H01M8/225Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising particulate active material in the form of a suspension, a dispersion, a fluidised bed or a paste
H01M8/227Dialytic cells or batteries; Reverse electrodialysis cells or batteries
H01M8/24Grouping of fuel cells
H01M8/2404Processes or apparatus for grouping fuel cells
H01M8/2405comprising spaced diffusion electrodes or electrode layers with interposed electrolyte layer or electrolyte compartment
H01M8/241with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
H01M8/2415External manifolded battery stock
H01M8/2418Grouping by arranging unit cells in a plane
H01M8/242comprising framed electrodes or intermediary frame-like gaskets
H01M8/2425High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
H01M8/2428Grouping by arranging unit cells on a surface of any form
H01M8/243Grouping of unit cells of tubular or cylindrical configuration
H01M8/2432Grouping of unit cells of planar configuration
H01M8/2435with monolithic core structure
H01M8/244with matrix-supported molten electrolyte
H01M8/2445comprising spaced diffusion electrodes or electrode layers with interposed electrolyte compartment with possible electrolyte supply or circulation
H01M8/245comprising framed electrodes or intermediary frame-like gaskets
H01M8/2455with liquid, solid or electrolyte-charged reactants
H01M8/2457with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
H01M8/2459Comprising electrode layers with interposed electrolyte compartment with possible electrolyte supply or circulation
H01M8/246having liquid, solid or electrolyte-charged reactants with framed electrodes or intermediary frame-like gaskets
H01M8/2465Details of groupings of fuel cells
H01M8/247Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
H01M8/2475Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
H01M8/248Means for compression of the fuel cell stacks
H01M8/2483characterised by internal manifolds
H01M8/2484characterised by external manifolds
H01M8/2485Arrangements for sealing external manifolds Arrangements for mounting external manifolds around a stack
H01M8/249comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells
H01M8/2495of fuel cells of different types