Obtaining refractory metals

CCHEMISTRY METALLURGY C22Metallurgy C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS

C22B34/00Obtaining refractory metals

C22B34/10Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium C22B34/12Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 C22B34/1204preliminary treatment of ores or scrap to eliminate non- titanium constituents C22B34/1209by dry processes C22B34/1213by wet processes C22B34/1218obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes C22B34/1222using a halogen containing agent C22B34/1227using an oxygen containing agent C22B34/1231treatment or purification of titanium containing products obtained by dry processes C22B34/1236obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes C22B34/124using acidic solutions or liquors C22B34/1245containing a halogen ion as active agent C22B34/125containing a sulfur ion as active agent C22B34/1254using basic solutions or liquors C22B34/1259treatment or purification of titanium containing solutions or liquors or slurries C22B34/1263obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds C22B34/1268using alkali or alkaline-earth metals or amalgams C22B34/1272reduction of titanium halides C22B34/1277using other metals C22B34/1281using carbon containing agents C22B34/1286using hydrogen containing agents C22B34/129obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds by dissociation C22B34/1295Refining, melting, remelting, working up of titanium C22B34/14Obtaining zirconium or hafnium C22B34/20Obtaining niobium, tantalum or vanadium C22B34/22Obtaining vanadium C22B34/225from spent catalysts C22B34/24Obtaining niobium or tantalum C22B34/30Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten C22B34/32Obtaining chromium C22B34/325from spent catalysts C22B34/34Obtaining molybdenum C22B34/345from spent catalysts C22B34/36Obtaining tungsten C22B34/365from spent catalysts