Time-division multiplex systems

HELECTRICITY H04Electric communication H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION

H04J3/00Time-division multiplex systems

H04J3/02Details H04J3/025Filter arrangements H04J3/04Distributors combined with modulators or demodulators H04J3/042Distributors with electron or gas discharge tubes H04J3/045Distributors with CRT H04J3/047Distributors with transistors or integrated circuits H04J3/06Synchronising arrangements H04J3/0602Systems characterised by the synchronising information used H04J3/0605Special codes used as synchronising signal H04J3/0608Detectors therefor H04J3/0611PN codes H04J3/0614the synchronising signal being characterised by the amplitude, duration or polarity H04J3/0617the synchronising signal being characterised by the frequency or phase H04J3/062Synchronisation of signals having the same nominal but fluctuating bit rates H04J3/0623Synchronous multiplexing systems H04J3/0626plesiochronous multiplexing systems H04J3/0629in a network H04J3/0632Synchronisation of packets and cells H04J3/0635Clock or time synchronisation in a network H04J3/0638Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation H04J3/0641Change of the master or reference H04J3/0644External master-clock H04J3/0647Synchronisation among TDM nodes H04J3/065using timestamps H04J3/0652Synchronisation among time division multiple access [TDMA] nodes H04J3/0655using timestamps H04J3/0658Clock or time synchronisation among packet nodes H04J3/0661using timestamps H04J3/0664unidirectional timestamps H04J3/0667Bidirectional timestamps H04J3/067Details of the timestamp structure H04J3/0673using intermediate nodes H04J3/0676Mutual H04J3/0679by determining clock distribution path in a network H04J3/0682by delay compensation H04J3/0685Clock or time synchronisation in a node; Intranode synchronisation H04J3/0688Change of the master or reference H04J3/0691Synchronisation in a TDM node H04J3/0694Synchronisation in a TDMA node H04J3/0697Synchronisation in a packet node H04J3/07using pulse stuffing for systems with different or fluctuating information rates or bit rates H04J3/073Bit stuffing H04J3/076Bit and byte stuffing H04J3/08Intermediate station arrangements H04J3/085for ring networks H04J3/10Arrangements for reducing cross-talk between channels H04J3/12Arrangements providing for calling or supervisory signals H04J3/125One of the channel pulses or the synchronisation pulse is also used for transmitting monitoring or supervisory signals H04J3/14Monitoring arrangements H04J3/16in which the time allocation to individual channels within a transmission cycle is variable H04J3/1605Fixed allocated frame structures H04J3/1611Synchronous digital hierarchy [SDH] or SONET H04J3/1617carrying packets or ATM cells H04J3/1623Plesiochronous digital hierarchy [PDH] H04J3/1629Format building algorithm H04J3/1635Format conversion H04J3/1641Hierarchical systems H04J3/1647Subrate or multislot multiplexing H04J3/1652Optical Transport Network [OTN] H04J3/1658carrying packets or ATM cells H04J3/1664carrying hybrid payloads H04J3/167interaction with SDH/SONET H04J3/1676Time-division multiplex with pulse-position, pulse-interval, or pulse-width modulation H04J3/1682Allocation of channels according to the instantaneous demands of the users H04J3/1688the demands of the users being taken into account after redundancy removal H04J3/1694Allocation of channels in TDM/TDMA networks H04J3/17in which the transmission channel allotted to a first user may be taken away and re-allotted to a second user if the first user becomes inactive H04J3/172Digital speech interpolation H04J3/175Speech activity or inactivity detectors H04J3/177Freeze-out systems H04J3/18using frequency compression and subsequent expansion of the individual signals H04J3/20using resonant transfer H04J3/22in which the sources have different rates or codes H04J3/24in which the allocation is indicated by an address the different channels being transmitted sequentially H04J3/242the frames being of variable length H04J3/245in which the allocation protocols between more than two stations share the same transmission medium H04J3/247ATM or packet multiplexing H04J3/26in which the information and the address are simultaneously transmitted