3-Trifluoromethyl-4-aryl-5-aminopyrazoles

Abstract

Azopyrazolium dyes of the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group or a phenyl group which may be substituted with a halogen atom or with a nitro, alkoxy or alkyl group; R.sub.2 represents an alkyl group; R.sub.3 represents an atom of hydrogen or halogen; R.sub.4 represents the residue of a coupler R.sub.4 H free of a sulfonic or carboxylic group; and X.sup.- represents a monovalent anion, and 3-trifluoromethyl-4-aryl-5-amino pyrazoles of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 have the same meanings as above and R'.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or a phenyl group which may be substituted with a halogen atom or with a nitro, alkoxy or alkyl group, are disclosed; methods are disclosed for making these compounds and using them, e.g., for using the pyrazoles to form the dyes.

Description

The present invention relates to new azopyrazolium dyes, which may be utilized for the dyeing of synthetic fibers having an acidic nature, such as those based on polymers or copolymers of acrylonitrile. In a further aspect, the present invention relates to new pyrazole compounds which may be used for the preparation of these dyes. In a still further aspect, the present invention relates to methods of making the aforementioned dyes and compounds and to methods for using the dyestuffs.

The dye according to the invention may be represented by the general formula: ##STR3## in which R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group or a phenyl group which may be substituted with a halogen atom or with a nitro, alkoxy or alkyl group;

R.sub.2 represents an alkyl group; R.sub.3 represents an atom of hydrogen or halogen; R.sub.4 represents the residue of a coupler R.sub.4 H free of a sulfonic or carboxylic group; and X.sup.- represents a monovalent anion.

The alkyl groups preferably contain 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and the alkoxy groups 1 or 2 carbon atoms. The halogen preferably may be chloro or bromo.

The coupler of formula R.sub.4 H can be any one of the couplers usually used for the synthesis of cationic azo dyes. These are known in the art and includes, for example, the series of aromatic amines such as N,N-diethyl-meta-toluidine; N,N-dimethylaniline; N,N-diethyl-meta-anisidine; N-ethyl-N-cyanoethyl-aniline; N,N-diethyl-N'-acetyl-meta-phenylenediamine; N,N-diethyl-2,5-diethoxyaniline; N,N-dimethyl-2,5-dimethylaniline; N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-N-ethyl-meta-toluidine; N-trifluoroethyl-N-ethyl-metatoluidine; N-ethyl-N-succinimidoethyl-meta-toluidine; N,N-diethyl-metachloroaniline; N-ethyl-N-cyanoethyl-meta-toluidine; N-phenyl-morpholine; N-methyl-diphenylamine; and N-(para-methoxyphenyl)-alpha-naphthylamine.

Further, examples of couplers R.sub.4 H include heterocyclic compounds such as: indoles of formula: ##STR4## in which Y.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, cyanoalkyl, hydroxyalkyl or phenyl group and Y.sub.2 represents an atom of hydrogen or an alkyl or phenyl group, such as indole, 2-methyl indole, 2-phenyl indole, 1-methyl-2-phenyl indole, 1-ethyl-2-methyl-indole, 1-cyanoethyl-2-methyl indole, 1-cyanoethyl-2-phenyl indole, 2-isopropyl indole, 1-(2-hydroxypropyl)-2-phenyl indole, and pyrazolones of formula: ##STR5## in which Y.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a phenyl group which may be substituted with a halogen atom or with a nitro, alkyl or alkoxy group, such as 3-methyl-5-pyrazolone, 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone, 1-p-tolyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone, 1-m-nitrophenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone, 1-p-chloro-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone, and 1-p-methoxyphenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone.

The dyes of formula (I) may be prepared by treating with alkylating agents compounds of the general formula: ##STR6## in which R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 have the same meanings as above and R'.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or a phenyl group which may be substituted with a halogen atom or with a nitro, alkoxy or alkyl group.

The alkylating treatment can be carried out in inert organic solvents, such as benzene hydrocarbons and their chlorinated derivatives, dimethylformamide, or chloroform; or likewise in an excess of alkylating agent. As alkylating agent, there may be used; for example, alkyl halides, alkyl arylsulfonates, alkyl sulfates, and in particular the methyl and ethyl compounds.

The compounds of formula (IV) may be prepared by coupling the diazo derivative of a 3-trifluoromethyl-4-aryl-5-aminopyrazole of general formula: ##STR7## with a coupling compound R.sub.4 H, wherein R'.sub.1, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 having the same meanings as above.

Diazotization of the aminopyrazoles of formula (V) is carried out in presence of an organic acid of low molecular weight such as the carboxylic acids, acetic or propionic acid or in the presence of concentrated mineral acid.

When used for the dyeing of selected synthetic fibers, dyes of formula (I) confer pure and brilliant shades having good fastness, especially fastness to light. Selected synthetic fibers include fibers based on polymers and copolymers of acrylonitrile as well as fibers based on polyesters or on polyamides modified by acid groups.

Dyeing is effected by the dye cation; the anion plays no tinctorial role. Therefore the anion (x) may vary widely as is known in the art. It can be changed for another anion, for example with a view to improving the solubility of the dyes. Examples of anions include chloride, sulphomethylate, sulphoethylate, chlorozincate, acetate, nitrate, bicarbonate, p-toluenesulphonate.

The 3-trifluoromethyl-4-aryl-5-aminopyrazoles of formula (V) are new compounds and, as such, form another aspect of the present invention. These compounds may be prepared by condensation of a hydrazine of formula:

R'.sub.1 -- NH -- NH.sub.2 (VI) with a beta-ketonitrile of formula: ##STR8## R'.sub.1 and R.sub.3 having the same meanings as above.

This condensation reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of an inert organic solvent such as an alcohol, a benzene hydrocarbon or its chlorinated derivative, dimethylformamide, or chloroform.

Beta-ketonitriles of formula (VII) may be prepared according to the method described by W. R. Nes and A. Burger, Jour. Amer. Chem. Soc. (1950), 72, 5408.

In the examples below, which illustrate the invention, the parts indicated are by weight.

EXAMPLE 1

4.4 parts of 3(5)-trifluoromethyl-4-phenyl-5 (3)-aminopyrazole are dissolved in 28 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid. The solution is cooled to between 0.degree. and 5.degree. C. and there is then added to it a solution of 1.45 parts of sodium nitrite in 28 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid. Stirring is continued for one half hour. The sulfuric acid solution of the diazo derivative thus obtained is then gradually added to a solution of 3.2 parts of N,N-diethyl-meta-toluidine in 60 parts of water and 1.8 parts of sulfuric acid. To complete the coupling, the mixture is progressively brought to pH 4 by addition of ammonia. The precipitate is then filtered, washed with water and dried.

Four parts of the 5(3)-(4-diethylamino-2-methyl-phenylazo)-4-phenyl-3(5)-trifluoromethylpyrazole thus obtained are introduced into 26 parts of methyl sulfate. Heating at 100.degree. C. is carried out until a test sample is completely soluble in water, then after the mixture has cooled to ambient temperature, 25 parts of water are added and it is permitted to stand with stirring for one half hour at 60.degree. C. The dye is then precipitated by addition of sodium chloride and zinc chloride, filtered and dried.

The 1,2-dimethyl-3-trifluoromethyl-4-phenyl-5-(4-diethylamino-2-methyl-phenylazo)-pyrazolium chlorozincate thus obtained dyes fibers based on polymers or copolymers of acrylonitrile to a bright bluish-red shade which is remarkably fast to light.

Table A following sums up other examples of dyes according to the invention prepared as in the preceding example, starting with the same diazo derivative but replacing the N,N-diethyl-meta-toluidine by the coupler R.sub.4 H indicated in the second column.

______________________________________ Shade onEx. Coupler R.sub.4 H acrylic fibers______________________________________2 N,N-dimethylaniline red3 N,N-diethyl-meta-anisidine red4 N-ethyl-N-(.beta.-cyanoethyl)-aniline scarlet5 N-ethyl-N-(.beta. cyanoethyl)-meta-toluidine scarlet6 N,N-diethyl-2,5-diethoxyaniline bluish red7 N,N-dimethyl-2,5-dimethylaniline bluish red8 N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-N-ethyl- scarlet meta-toluidine9 N-(2,2,2-triflouroethyl)-N-ethyl- scarlet meta-toluidine10 N-(2-succinimidoethyl)-N-ethyl- bluish red meta-toluidine11 N-phenyl morpholine scarlet12 1-methyl-2-phenylindole yellow13 1-.beta.-cyanoethyl-2-phenylindole yellow14 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone yellow______________________________________

Table B, below sums up other examples of dyes according to the invention, obtained by following the procedure of example 1 but with the 3(5)-trifluoromethyl-4-phenyl-5(3)-amino-pyrazole replaced by an equimolar quantity of the aminopyrazole indicated in the second column and/or the N,N-diethyl-meta-toluidine by an equimolar quantity of the coupler indicated in the third column.

TABLE B__________________________________________________________________________Ex. Aminopyrazole of formula (V) Coupler of formula R.sub.4 H Shade on acrylic__________________________________________________________________________ fibers15 1,4-diphenyl-3-trifluoromethyl-5-aminopyrazole N,N-diethyl-meta-toluidine bluish-red16 1,4-diphenyl-3-trifluoromethyl-5-aminopyrazole N,N-diethyl-m-chloroaniline bluish-red17 1-p-nitrophenyl-3-trifluoromethyl-4-phenyl-5-amino- pyrazole N,N-diethyl-m-toluidine bluish-red18 1-p-chlorophenyl-3-trifluoromethyl-4-phenyl-5-amino- pyrazole N,N-diethyl-m-chloroaniline bluish-red19 1-p-tolyl-3-trifluoromethyl-4-phenyl-5-aminopyrazole N,N-diethyl-m-chloroaniline bluish-red20 3(5)-trifluoromethyl-4-p-chlorophenyl-5(3)-aminopyrazole N,N-diethyl-m-chloroaniline bluish-red21 1-phenyl-3-trifluoromethyl-4-p-chlorophenyl-5-amino- pyrazole N,N-diethyl-m-chloroaniline bluish-red22 1-phenyl-3-trifluoromethyl-4-m-chlorophenyl-5-amino- pyrazole N,N-diethyl-m-chloroaniline bluish-red__________________________________________________________________________

EXAMPLE 23

Synthesis of 3(5)-trifluoromethyl-4-phenyl-5(3)-aminopyrazole.

To 20 parts of 2-phenyl-2-trifluoroacetyl-acetonitrile in solution in 105 parts of benzene and 8 parts of acetic acid are added 6 parts of hydrazine hydrate. This mixture is refluxed for 3 hours, then the benzene is distilled off. The oily mass obtained precipitates gradually. The 3(5)-trifluoromethyl-4-phenyl-5(3)-aminopyrazole thus obtained, after recrystallization in water, is a white product which melts at 116.degree. C.

______________________________________Analysis C % H % F % N %______________________________________Calculated for C.sub.10 H.sub.8 F.sub.3 N.sub.3 52.86 3.55 25.09 18.50Found 52.91 3.45 25.32 18.32______________________________________

Table C, below, contains other examples of compounds of formula (V) where R.sub.3 represents hydrogen and R'.sub.1 has the meaning indicated in the second column of the table. They are obtained by following the same procedure in example 23, but with the hydrazine hydrate replaced by an equimolar quantity of the corresponding hydrazine of formula (VI).

TABLE C______________________________________ M.P. AnalysisEx. R'.sub.1 .degree. C C % H % N %______________________________________24 phenyl 106 Calc. 63.36 3.99 13.86 Found 63.01 3.97 13.8625 methyl 90 Calc. 54.77 4.18 17.42 Found 54.68 4.09 17.6126 p-nitrophenyl 112 Calc. 55.18 3.18 16.09 Found 55.04 3.14 16.8427 p-methoxyphenyl 97 Calc. 61.26 4.23 12.61 Found 61.01 4.19 12.4828 p-chlorophenyl 115 Calc. 56.90 3.28 12.44 Found 57.37 3.32 12.4929 p-tolyl 105 Calc. 64.35 4.45 13.24 Found 64.04 4.46 13.15______________________________________

Table D below contains other examples of compounds of formula (V) where R'.sub.1 and R.sub.3 have the meanings indicated in the second and third columns of the table. They are obtained by following the same procedure as in example 23, but with the 2-phenyl-2-trifluoroacetyl-acetonitrile replaced by an equimolar quantity of the corresponding beta-ketonitrile of formula (VII), and with the hydrazine hydrate replaced by an equimolar quantity of the corresponding hydrazine of formula (VI).

TABLE D______________________________________ M.P. AnalysisEx. R'.sub.1 R.sub.3 .degree. C C % H % N %______________________________________30 H 4-chloro 140 Calc. 45.91 2.70 16.06 Found 45.78 2.73 15.8731 phenyl 4-chloro 105 Calc. 56.90 3.28 12.44 Found 56.69 3.33 12.1832 p-chloro- 4-chloro 106 Calc. 51.63 2.71 11.29 phenyl Found 51.74 2.78 11.1933 methyl 4-chloro 104 Calc. 47.93 3.29 15.24 Found 48.11 3.33 14.8634 phenyl 3-chloro 70 Calc. 56.90 3.28 12.44 Found 56.37 3.42 12.09______________________________________

Claims

1. A compound which is a 3-trifluoromethyl-4-aryl-5-aminopyrazole represented by the formula: ##STR9## in which R.sub.1 represents hydrogen, alkyl containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or phenyl which may be substituted with halogen, nitro, alkoxy containing 1 or 2 carbon atoms or alkyl containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and

R.sub.3 represents hydrogen or halogen.

2. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, methyl, phenyl, chlorophenyl, nitrophenyl, tolyl or methoxyphenyl, and R.sub.3 is hydrogen or chlorine.