4-N,N-Dimethylcarbamoyloxy-6-aminopyrimidines and salts thereof, and their use for combating pests

Abstract

4-N,N-Dimethylcarbamoyloxy-6-aminopyrimidines, and salts thereof, of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one another are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -haloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkenyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkynyl, or together they are a C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkylene group, R.sub.3 is halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, and R.sub.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, or R.sub.3 is hydrogen and R.sub.4 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkyl.There are described a process for producing these pyrimidines, their use for combating pests, and also the intermediates of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one another are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -haloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkenyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkynyl, or together they are a C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkylene group, R.sub.3 is halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, and R.sub.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, or R.sub.3 is hydrogen and R.sub.4 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkyl.

Description

The present invention relates to 4-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyloxy-6-aminopyrimidines and salts thereof, to processes for producing them, and to their use for combating pests.

The 4-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyloxy-6-aminopyrimidines correspond to the formula ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one another are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -haloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkenyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkynyl, or together they are a C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkylene group, R.sub.3 is halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, and R.sub.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, or R.sub.3 is hydrogen and R.sub.4 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkyl.

Suitable for forming salts are inorganic acids, for example HCl, H.sub.2 SO.sub.4, HBr and H.sub.3 PO.sub.4 ; and organic acids, for example: saturated and unsaturated mono-, di- and tricarboxylic acids, for example formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, phthalic acid, succinic acid and citric acid. Halogen denoted by R.sub.3 is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, particularly however chlorine or bromine.

The alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl groups denoted by R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 can be straight-chain or branched-chain. Examples of such groups are, inter alia: methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, -CH.sub.2 CHF.sub.2, propyl, isopropyl, n-, i-, sec- or tert-butyl, n-pentyl and isomers thereof, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl and 1-propynyl. Examples of cycloalkyl groups denoted by R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl, preferably cyclopropyl.

Preferred compounds of the formula I are those wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one another are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, cyclopropyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl or 1-propynyl, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bound form the pyrrolidine ring, R.sub.3 is chlorine, bromine or methyl, and R.sub.4 is methyl, ethyl or isopropyl, or R.sub.3 is hydrogen and R.sub.4 is isopropyl.

Particularly preferred compounds of the formula I are those wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one another are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl or 2-propenyl, R.sub.3 is chlorine, bromine or methyl, and R.sub.4 is methyl, ethyl or isopropyl, or R.sub.3 is hydrogen and R.sub.4 is isopropyl.

The compounds of the formula I are produced by methods known per se, for example as follows: ##STR4##

In the formula II, the symbols R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 have the meanings defined under the formula I.

Suitable bases are in particular tertiary amines, such as trialkylamines, dialkylanilines and p-dialkylaminopyridines.

The process is performed under normal pressure, at a temperature of -25.degree. to +150.degree. C., preferably at between 50.degree. and 100.degree. C., and optionally in a solvent or diluent. Suitable solvents or diluents are for example: ethers and ethereal compounds, such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dioxane and tetrahydrofuran; aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, toluene and xylenes; ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and cyclohexanone; nitriles, such as acetonitrile; esters, such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate; as well as dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, methyl cyanide and halogenated hydrocarbons.

The starting materials of the formula II are novel and likewise form subject matter of the present invention: they can be produced however by known processes, for example by reaction of a compound of the formula ##STR5## with a compound of the formula ##STR6## optionally in the presence of a solvent and a base, for example sodium hydroxide solution.

In the formulae III and IV, the symbols R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 have the meanings defined under the formula I.

The compounds of the formula I are suitable for combating pests on animals and plants. Furthermore, these compounds also have fungicidal properties and properties for regulating plant growth. The compounds of the formula I are suitable in particular for combating insects, for example of the orders:- Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Homoptera, Heteroptera, Diptera, Thysanoptera, Orthoptera, Anoplura, Siphonaptera, Mallophaga, Thysanura, Isoptera, Psocoptera and Hymenoptera; and for combating mites and ticks of the order Acarina. The compounds of the formula I are above all suitable for combating insects that damage plants, especially insects that damage plants by sucking, in crops of ornamental plants and productive plants, particularly in cotton crops, and in crops of vegetables, rice and fruit. Active substances of the formula I exhibit also a favourable action against eating and biting insects, and against flies, for example Musca domestica, and against mosquito larvae.

The compounds of the formula I are used either in an unmodified form or preferably together with auxiliaries customarily employed in formulation practice, and are thus processed in a known manner for example into the form of emulsion concentrates, directly sprayable or dilutable solutions, diluted emulsions, wettable powders, soluble powders, dusts or granulates, and also encapsulations in for example polymeric substances. The application processes, such as spraying, atomising, dusting, scattering or pouring, and likewise the type of composition, are selected to suit the objects to be achieved and the given conditions.

The formulations, that is to say, the compositions or preparations containing the active substance of the formula I and optionally a solid or liquid additive, are produced in a known manner, for example by the intimate mixing and/or grinding of the active substances with extenders, such as with solvents, solid carriers and optionally surface-active compounds (tensides).

Suitable solvents are: aromatic hydrocarbons, preferably the fractions C.sub.8 to C.sub.12, such as xylene mixtures or substituted naphthalenes, phthalic esters, such as dibutyl- or dioctylphthalate, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexane or paraffins, alcohols and glycols, as well as ethers and esters thereof, such as ethanol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl or -ethyl ethers, ketones such as cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents, such as N-methyl-2 -pyrrolidone, dimethylsulfoxide or dimethylformamide, as well as optionally epoxidised vegetable oils, such as epoxidised coconut oil or soybean oil; or water.

The solid carriers used, for example for dusts and dispersible powders, are as a rule natural mineral fillers, such as calcite, talcum, kaolin, montmorillonite or attapulgite. In order to improve the physical properties, it is also possible to add highly dispersed silicic acid or highly dispersed absorbent polymers. Suitable granulated adsorptive carriers are porous types, for example pumice, ground brick, sepiolite or bentonite; and suitable nonsorbent carriers are materials such as calcite or sand. There can also be used a great number of pre-granulated materials of inorganic or organic nature, such as in particular dolomite or ground plant residues.

Suitable surface-active compounds are, depending on the nature of the active substance of the formula I to be formulated, nonionic, cationic and/or anionic tensides having good emulsifying, dispersing and wetting properties. By `tensides` are also meant mixtures of tensides.

Suitable anionic tensides are both so-called water-soluble soaps as well as water-soluble, synthetic, surface-active compounds.

Soaps which are applicable are the alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal or optionally substituted ammonium salts of higher fatty acids (C.sub.10 -C.sub.22), for example the Na or K salts of oleic or stearic acid, or of natural fatty acid mixtures, which can be obtained for example from coconut oil or tallow oil. Also to be mentioned are the fatty acid-methyl-taurine salts.

So-called synthetic tensides however more frequently used, particularly fatty sulfonates, fatty sulfates, sulfonated benzimidazole derivatives or alkylarylsulfonates. The fatty sulfonates or sulfates are as a rule in the form of alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal or optionally substituted ammonium salts, and contain an alkyl group having 8 to 22 C atoms, `alkyl` including also the alkyl moiety of acyl groups, for example the Na or Ca salt of ligninsulfonic acid, of dodecylsulfuric acid ester or of a fatty alcohol sulfate mixture produced from natural fatty acids. Included among these are also the salts of sulfuric acid esters and sulfonic acids of fatty alcohol ethylene oxide adducts. The sulfonated benzimidazole derivatives preferably contain 2 sulfonic acid groups and a fatty acid group having 8-22 C atoms. Alkylarylsulfonates are for example the Na, Ca or triethanolamine salts of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, of dibutylnaphthalenesulfonic acid or of a naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product. Also suitable are corresponding phosphates, for example salts of the phosphoric ester of a p-nonylphenol-(4-14)-ethylene oxide adduct.

Suitable nonionic tensides are in particular polyglycol ether derivatives of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alcohols, saturated or unsaturated fatty acids and alkylphenols, which can contain 3 to 30 glycol ether groups and 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the (aliphatic) hydrocarbon radical and 6 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety of the alkylphenols.

Further suitable nonionic tensides are the water-soluble polyethylene oxide adducts, which contain 20 to 250 ethylene glycol ether groups and 10 to 100 propylene glycol ether groups, with polypropylene glycol, ethylenediaminopolypropylene glycol and alkylpolypropylene glycol having 1 to 10 cabon atoms in the alkyl chain. The compounds mentioned usually contain 1 to 5 ethylene glycol units per propylene glycol unit. Examples of nonionic tensides which may be mentioned are: nonylphenolpolyethoxyethanols, castor oil polyglycol ethers, polypropylene/polyethyleneoxy adducts, tributylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol, polyethylene glycol and octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol. Suitable also are fatty acid esters of polyoxyethylenesorbitan, such as polyoxyethylenesorbitan-trioleate.

In the case of the cationic tensides, they are in particular quaternary ammonium salts which contain as N-substituents at least one alkyl group having 8 to 22 C atoms and, as further substituents, lower, optionally halogenated alkyl, benzyl or lower hydroxyalkyl groups. The salts are preferably in the form of halides, methyl sulfates or ethyl sulfates, for example stearyltrimethylammonium chloride or benzyldi(2-chloroethyl)ethylammonium bromide.

The tensides customarily used in formulation practice are described, inter alia, in the following publication:

"Mc Cutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifers Annual", MC Publishing Corp., Ringwood N.J., 1979.

The pesticidal preparations contain as a rule 0.1 to 99%, particularly 0.1 to 95%, of active substance of the formula I, 1 to 99.9% of a solid or liquid additive, and 0 to 25%, especially 0.1 to 25%, of a tenside. Whereas commercial products are preferably in the form of concentrated compositions, the compositions employed by the end-user are as a rule diluted.

The compositions can also contain additives such as stabilisers, antifoam agents, viscosity regulators, binders and adhesives, as well as fertilisers or other active substances for obtaining special effects.

______________________________________Formulation examples for liquid active substances ofthe formula I (% = percent by weight)1. Emulsion concentrates a b c______________________________________active substance, 25% 40% 50%calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 5% 8% 6%castor oil-polyethylene glycol 5% -- --ether (36 mols of ethylene oxide)tributylphenol-polyethylene glycol -- 12% 4%ether (30 mols of ethylene oxide)cyclohexanone -- 15% 20%xylene mixture 65% 25% 20%______________________________________

Emulsions of any required concentration can be produced from concentrates of this type by dilution with water.

______________________________________2. Solutions a b c d______________________________________active substance 80% 10% 5% 95%ethylene glycol-monomethyl ether 20% -- -- --polyethylene glycol M G 400 -- 70% -- --N--methyl-2-pyrrolidone -- 20% -- --epoxidised coconut oil -- -- 1% 5%ligroin (boiling limits 160-190.degree. C.) -- -- 94% --______________________________________

The solutions are suitable for application in the form of the smallest possible drops.

______________________________________3. Granulates a b______________________________________active substance 5% 10%kaolin 94% --highly dispersed silicic acid 1% --attapulgite -- 90%______________________________________

The active substance is dissolved in methylene chloride, the solution is sprayed onto the carrier, and the solvent is subsequently evaporated off in vacuo.

______________________________________4. Dusts a b______________________________________active substance 2% 5%highly dispersed silicic acid 1% 5%talcum 97% --kaolin -- 90%______________________________________

Ready-for-use dusts are obtained by the intimate mixing together of the carriers with the active substance.

______________________________________Formulation examples for solid active substances ofthe formula I (% = percent by weight)5. Wettable powders a b c______________________________________active substance 25% 50% 75%sodium lignin sulfonate 5% 5% --sodium lauryl sulfate 3% -- 5%sodium diisobutylnaphthalene sulfonate -- 6% 10%octylphenolpolyethylene glycol ether -- 2% --(7-8 mols of ethylene oxide)highly dispersed silicic acid 5% 10% 10%kaolin 62% 27% --______________________________________

The active substance is well mixed with the additives and the mixture is thoroughly ground is a suitable mill. Wettable powders which can be diluted with water to give suspensions of the required concentration are obtained.

______________________________________6. Emulsion concentrate______________________________________active substance 10%octylphenol polyethylene glycol ether 3%(4-5 mols of ethylene oxide)calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 3%castor oil polyglycol ether 4%(36 mols of ethylene oxide)cyclohexanone 30%xylene mixture 50%______________________________________

Emulsions of the required concentration can be obtained from this concentrate by dilution with water.

______________________________________7. Dusts a b______________________________________active substance 5% 8%talcum 95% --kaolin -- 92%______________________________________

Dusts ready for use are obtained by mixing the active substance with the carrier and grinding the mixture in a suitable mill.

______________________________________8. Extruder granulate______________________________________active substance 10%sodium lignin sulfonate 2%carboxymethylcellulose 1%kaolin 87%______________________________________

The active substance is mixed and ground with the additives, and the mixture is moistened with water. This mixture is extruded and then dried in a stream of air.

______________________________________9. Coated granulate______________________________________active substance 3%polyethylene glycol (M G 200) 3%kaolin 94%______________________________________

The finely ground active substance is evenly applied, in a mixer, to the kaolin moistened with polyethylene glycol. Dustfree coated granulates are obtained in this manner.

______________________________________10. Suspension concentrate______________________________________active substance 40%ethylene glycol 10%nonylphenolpolyethylene glycol ether 6%(15 mols of ethylene oxide)sodium lignin sulfonate 10%carboxymethylcellulose 1%37% aqueous formaldehyde solution 0.2%silicone oil in the form of a 0.8%75% aqueous emulsionwater 32%______________________________________

The finely ground active substance is intimately mixed with the additives. There is thus obtained a suspension concentrate from which can be produced, by dilution with water, suspensions of the concentration required.

EXAMPLE 1

(a) Production of the compound of the formula ##STR7##

58 g of 2-isopropyl-4-chloro-6-hydroxypyrimidine-hydrochloride [J. Org. Chem. 34, 2972 (1969)] and 100 ml of alcoholic dimethylamine solution (33%) are heated at 100.degree. C. for 10 hours. After cooling, the finely granular suspension is filtered, and the residue is stirred up in 800 ml of water, and the pH-value is adjusted to 10-11 with concentrated sodium hydroxide solution. The warmed suspension is filtered, and the pH of the filtrate is brought to 6 with acetic acid. After cooling, the crystals which have precipitated are filtered off, and recrystallised from methyl alcohol, m.p. 196.degree.-197.degree. C.

(b) Production of the compound No. 1 ##STR8##

13.6 g of 2-isopropyl-4-dimethylamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine, 10 g of dimethylcarbamoyl chloride, 9.5 g of triethylamine and 0.2 g of dimethylamino-pyridine in 150 ml of chloroform are refluxed for 20 hours. After the insoluble constituents have been filtered off, and the solvent removed, the crude product is recrystallised in ether/pentane, m.p. 60.degree.-61.degree. C.

The following products in an analogous manner:

______________________________________ ##STR9## PhysicalNo. R.sub.1 R.sub.2 R.sub.3 R.sub.4 data______________________________________2 CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2 H CH.sub.3 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 m.p. 62-64.degree. C.3 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 Br CH.sub.3 n.sub.D.sup.20.degree. = 1,54434 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 Br C.sub.3 H.sub.7(i) n.sub.D.sup.20.degree. = 1,52655 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 n.sub.D.sup.20.degree. = 1,52706 CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2 H H C.sub.3 H.sub.7(i) n.sub.D.sup.20.degree. = 1,52127 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7 n.sub.D.sup.20.degree. = 1,51188 CH.sub.3 H CH.sub.3 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 m.p.: 145- 146.degree. C.9 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 H CH.sub.3 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 m.p.: 91-94.degree. C.10 H H CH.sub.3 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 m.p.: 138- 144.degree. C.11 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 H C.sub.2 H.sub.5 n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7 m.p.: 73-75.degree. C.12 H H C.sub.2 H.sub.5 n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7 m.p.: 54-55.degree. C.13 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 m.p.: 68-69.degree. C.______________________________________

EXAMPLE 2

Insecticidal contact action: Aphis craccivora

Plants (Vicia fabae) grown in pots are each infested before commencement of the test with about 200 individuals of the species Aphis fabae. The plants infested in this manner are sprayed dripping wet 24 hours later with solutions containing 3, 12.5, 50 and 100 ppm, respectively, of the compound to be tested. Two plants are used per test compound and per concentration, and an evaluation of the mortality rate achieved is made after a further 24 hours.

The compounds according to Example 1 exhibit in the above tests, against insects of the species Aphis craccivora, the level of activity shown in the following Table.

EXAMPLE 3

Insecticidal action (systemic): Aphis craccivora

Rooted bean plants are transplanted to pots each containing 600 ccm of soil; and 50 ml of a solution of the compound to be tested (obtained from a 25% wettable powder) at a concentration of 3, 12.5, 50 and 100 ppm, respectively, are subsequently poured directly onto the soil in each case. After 24 hours, aphids of the species Aphis craccivora are settled onto the parts of the plants above the soil, and a plastics cylinder is placed over each plant and drawn to by tying at the bottom in order to protect the aphids from any contact or gas action of the test substance. An evaluation of the mortality rate achieved is made 48 and 72 hours afer commencement of the test. Two plants, each in a separate pot, are used per concentration level of test substance. The test is carried out at 25.degree. C. with 70% relative humidity.

The compounds according to Example 1 exhibit in the above test, against insects of the species Aphis craccivora, the systemic activity shown in the following Table.

Biological test results

In the following Table are summarised test results based on the Examples given in the foregoing, the index of values with regard to the percentage mortality of the pests being as follows:

A: 70-100% mortality at 3 ppm active substance concentration, B: 70-100% mortality at 12.5 ppm active substance concentration, C: 70-100% mortality at 50 ppm active substance concentration, D: 70-100% mortality at 100 ppm active substance concentration. ______________________________________Compound Contact action against Systemic action againstNo. Aphis craccivora Aphis craccivora______________________________________1 B C2 A A3 A A4 C D5 A A6 D D7 B A8 C A9 B A10 B A11 B A12 B A13 B A______________________________________

Claims

1. A 4-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyloxy-6-aminopyrimidine, and salts thereof, of the formula ##STR10## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one another are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -haloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkenyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkynyl, or together they are a C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkylene group; R.sub.3 is halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, and R.sub.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, or R.sub.3 is hydrogen and R.sub.4 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkyl.

2. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one another are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, cyclopropyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl or 1-propynyl, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bound form the pyrrolidine ring, R.sub.3 is chlorine, bromine or methyl, and R.sub.4 is methyl, ethyl or isopropyl, or R.sub.3 is hydrogen and R.sub.4 is isopropyl.

3. A compound according to claim 2, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one another are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl or 2-propenyl.

4. The compound according to claim 3 of the formula ##STR11##

5. The compound according to claim 3 of the formula ##STR12##

6. The compound according to claim 3 of the formula ##STR13##

7. The compound according to claim 3 of the formula ##STR14##

8. An insecticidal or acaricidal composition which contains as active ingredient a compound according to claim 1, together with suitable carriers and/or other additives.

9. A method of combating insects and acarids, which method comprises applying thereto or to the locus thereof a pesticidally effective amount of a compound according to claim 1.