TREA

8-substituted 2-aminotetralins

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  • Patent Grant
  • 4968679
  • Patent Number
    4,968,679
  • Date Filed
    Monday, May 22, 1989
    35 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, November 6, 1990
    33 years ago
Information
Abstract
New 8-substituted 2-aminotetralins can be prepared from the corresponding aminotetralins or tetralones. They can be used in medicaments.
Description
Claims
  • 1. An 8-substituted 2-aminotetralin of the formula ##STR107## in which R.sup.1 represents --(CH.sub.2).sub.a --X, --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.a --X or --CH.dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.b --X,
  • a denotes a number 1 to 10,
  • b denotes a number 0 to 8, and
  • X denotes a group of the formula --NR.sup.12 R.sup.13, --COR.sup.14, --SO.sub.2 R.sup.15 or --OR.sup.16, wherein
  • R.sup.12 and R.sup.13 are identical or different and represent hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or aralkyl, where the aryl radicals may be substituted by halogen, cyano, alkyl, alkoxy or trifluoromethyl, or represent a group of the formula --COR.sup.14, --SO.sub.2 R.sup.15 or --(CH.sub.2).sub.c --NR.sup.12 R.sup.13,
  • R.sup.14 denotes hydrogen, or denotes an --NHR.sup.17 group, or denotes alkyl or alkoxy, or denotes aryl, aryloxy, aralkyl, aralkoxy or heteroaryl, where the radicals mentioned may be up to trisubstituted, identically or differently, by alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino,
  • R.sup.15 denotes cycloalkyl, or denotes alkyl which may be substituted by cyano, halogen, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy or alkoxycarbonyl, or denotes aryl, aralkyl or heteroaryl, where the radicals mentioned may be up to trisubstituted, identically or differently, by alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino, or denotes an --NR.sup.10 R.sup.11 group, where
  • R.sup.10 and R.sup.11 have the abovementioned meaning,
  • R.sup.16 denotes hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, or a group of the formula CONR.sup.10 R.sup.11
  • R.sup.17 denotes hydrogen, or denotes cycloalkyl, or denotes alkyl which is optionally substituted by cyano, halogen, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy, or denotes aryl, aralkyl or heteroaryl, where the radicals mentioned may be up to trisubstituted, identically or differently, by alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino, and
  • c denotes a number 1 to 8, or where
  • R.sup.12 and R.sup.13, together with the nitrogen atom, form a ring from the series comprising ##STR108## wherein n denotes a number 1 or 2, and
  • A represents hydrogen or cycloalkyl, or represents alkyl which may be substituted by halogen, hydroxyl, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, carbamoyl or sulphamoyl, or represents aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylsulphonyl, phenylsulphonyl, tolylsulphonyl, benzylsulphonyl, formyl, carbamoyl or sulphamoyl,
  • R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or alkyl, and
  • R.sup.3 represents alkyl.
  • 2. An 8-substituted 2-aminotetralin or salt thereof according to claim 1, in which
  • R.sup.1 represents --(CH.sub.2).sub.a --X, --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.a --X or --CH.dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.b --X,
  • a denotes a number 1 to 8,
  • b denotes a number 0 to 6, and
  • X denotes a group of the formula --NR.sup.12 R.sup.13, --COR.sup.14, --SO.sub.2 R.sup.15 or --OR.sup.16, where
  • R.sup.12 and R.sup.13 are identical or different and represent hydrogen, lower alkyl, phenyl or benzyl, where the radicals mentioned may be substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy or trifluoromethyl, or represent a group of the formula --COR.sup.14, --SO.sub.2 R.sup.15 or --(CH.sub.2).sub.c --NR.sup.12 R.sup.13,
  • R.sup.14 denotes an --NHR.sup.17 group, or denotes lower alkyl or lower alkoxy, or denotes phenyl, benzyl, benzyloxy, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl or isothiazolyl, which are optionally substituted by lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, fluorine, chlorine bromine, trifluoromethyl, dimethylamino or diethylamino,
  • R.sup.15 denotes cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, or lower alkyl which is optionally substituted by cyano, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, trifluoromethyl or lower alkoxycarbonyl, or denotes phenyl, naphthyl, benzyl, thienyl, furyl, pyrimidyl, pyridyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl or isothiazolyl, which are optionally monosubstituted or polysubstituted by lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, trifluoromethyl, dimethylamino or diethylamino, the substituents being identical or different or denotes an --NR.sup.10 R.sup.11 group, where
  • R.sup.10 and R.sup.11 have the abovementioned meaning,
  • R.sup.16 denotes hydrogen, lower alkyl, phenyl or benzyl,
  • R.sup.17 denotes hydrogen, or lower alkyl which is optionally substituted by cyano, fluorine, chlorine or bromine, or phenyl, benzyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl or isothiazolyl which are optionally substituted by lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, trifluoromethyl, dimethylamino or diethylamino, and
  • c denotes number 1 to 6, or where
  • R.sup.12 and R.sup.13, together with the nitrogen atom, form a ring from the series comprising ##STR109## wherein n denotes a number 1 or 2,
  • R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or lower alkyl and
  • R.sup.3 represents lower alkyl.
  • 3. An 8-substituted 2-aminotetralin or salt thereof according to claim 1, in which
  • R.sup.1 represents --(CH.sub.2).sub.a --X, --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.a --X or --CH.dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.b --X,
  • a denotes a number 1 to 6,
  • b denotes a number 0 to 4, and
  • X denotes a group of the formula --NR.sup.12 R.sup.13, --COR.sup.14, --SO.sub.2 R.sup.15 or --OR.sup.16, where
  • R.sup.12 and R.sup.13 are identical or different and represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, or represent phenyl which is optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, methyl or methoxy, or represent a --COR.sup.14, --SO.sub.2 R.sup.15 or ##STR110## R.sup.14 denotes hydrogen, or denotes an --NHR.sup.17 group, or denotes methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, or denotes phenyl, benzyl, benzyloxy, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, quinolyl or isoquinolyl which are optionally substituted by methyl, methoxy, fluorine or chlorine,
  • R.sup.15 denotes methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl or isobutyl which are optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, butoxycarbonyl or isobutoxycarbonyl, or denotes phenyl, naphthyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, quinolyl or isoquinolyl which are optionally monosubstituted or polysubstituted by methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl methoxy, fluorine or chlorine, the substituents being identical or different, or denotes an NR.sup.10 R.sup.11 group.
  • R.sup.16 denotes hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, phenyl or benzyl,
  • R.sup.17 denotes hydrogen, or denotes methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, isopentyl, hexyl or isohexyl which are optionally substituted by fluorine or chlorine, or denotes phenyl which may be substituted by fluorine, chlorine, methyl or methoxy, and
  • n denotes a number 1 to 4,
  • R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl or isopropyl, and
  • R.sup.3 represents methyl, ethyl, propyl or isopropyl.
  • 4. An 8-substituted 2-aminotetralin or salt thereof according to claim 1, in which
  • R.sup.1 represents --(CH.sub.2).sub.a --X, --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.a --X or --CH.dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.b --X,
  • a denotes a number 1 to 4,
  • b denotes a number 0 to 2, and
  • X denotes a group of the formula --NR.sup.12 R.sup.13, --COR.sup.4, --SO.sub.2 R.sup.15 or --OR.sup.16, where
  • R.sup.12 and R.sup.13 are identical or different and represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or propyl, or represent a --COR.sup.14, --SO.sub.2 R.sup.15 or ##STR111## R.sup.14 denotes hydrogen, or denotes an --NHR.sup.14 group, or denotes methyl, ethyl, propyl, methoxy or ethoxy,
  • R.sup.15 denotes trifluoromethyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl or isobutyl, or denotes phenyl or naphthyl which are optionally monosubstituted or polysubstituted by methyl or chlorine, or denotes an --NR.sup.10 R.sup.11 group,
  • R.sup.16 denotes hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or propyl,
  • R.sup.17 denotes hydrogen, or denotes methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl or isobutyl, or denotes phenyl, and
  • c denotes a number 2 to 4, and
  • R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represent propyl.
  • 5. A compound according to claim 1, wherein such compound is 2-dipropylamino-8-methylsulphonamido-methyl-1-tetrahydronaphthalene of the formula ##STR112##
  • 6. A composition suitable for treating a disorder of the central nervous system, the cardiovascular system or the intestinal tract comprising an amount effective therefor of a compound or salt thereof according to claim 1 and a diluent.
  • 7. A unit dose of a composition according to claim 6 in the form of a tablet, capsule or ampule.
  • 8. A method of treating a disorder of the central nervous system, the cardiovascular system or the intestinal tract comprising administering to a patient suffering therefrom an amount effective therefor of a compound or salt thereof according to claim 1.
Priority Claims (2)
Number Date Country Kind
3643899 Dec 1986 DEX
3719924 Jun 1987 DEX
Parent Case Info

This is a division, of application Ser. No. 132,372, filed Dec. 15, 1987, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,873,262. The invention relates to 8-substituted 2-aminotetralins, a process for the preparation thereof, and the use thereof in medicaments. It is known from EP-A1 41,488 that 8-hydroxy-2-alkylaminotetralins or 8-amino-2-dialkylaminotetralins act on the central nervous system. New 8-substituted 2-aminotetralins of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents halogen, cyano or represents a group of the formula --NR.sup.4 R.sup.5, --COR.sup.6, --(CH.sub.2).sub.a --X, --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.a --X or --CH.dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.b --X, Surprisingly, the substances according to the invention exhibit a superior action on the central nervous system and can be used for therapeutic treatment of humans and animals. The substances according to the invention have several asymmetrical carbon atoms and can thus exist in various stereochemical forms. The invention relates to the individual isomers and to mixtures thereof. The following isomeric forms of the substituted basic 2-aminotetralins may be mentioned as examples: ##STR3## The substituted basic 2-aminotetralins according to the invention may also exist in the form of their salts. In general, salts with inorganic or organic acids may be mentioned here. In the context of the present invention, physiologically acceptable salts are preferred. Physiologically acceptable salts of the substituted basic 2-aminotetralins may be salts of the substances according to the invention with mineral acid, carboxylic acids or sulphonic acids. Particularly preferred salts are those, for example, with hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulphonic acid, ethanesulphonic acid, toluenesulphonic acid, benzenesulphonic acid, naphthalenedisulphonic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid or benzoic acid. In the context of the present invention, the substituents generally have the following meaning: In general, alkyl represents a branched hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. Lower alkyl having 1 to about 6 carbon atoms is preferred. Examples which may be mentioned are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, isopentyl, hexyl, isohexyl, heptyl, isoheptyl, octyl and isooctyl. In general, alkenyl represents a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 12 carbon atoms and one or more, preferably one or two, double bonds. The lower alkyl radical having 2 to about 6 carbon atoms and one double bond is preferred. An alkenyl radical having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and one double bond is particularly preferred. Examples which may be mentioned are allyl, propenyl, isopropenyl, butenyl, isobutenyl, pentenyl, isopentenyl, hexenyl, isohexenyl, heptenyl, isoheptenyl, octenyl and isooctenyl. In general, cycloalkyl represents a cyclic hydrocarbon radical having 5 to 8 carbon atoms. The cyclopentane and the cyclohexane ring is preferred. Examples which may be mentioned are cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl. In general, aryl represents an aromatic radical having 6 to about 12 carbon atoms. Preferred aryl radicals are phenyl, naphthyl or biphenyl. In general, aralkyl represents an aryl radical, having 7 to 14 carbon atoms, which is bonded via an alkylene chain. Aralkyl radicals having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the aliphatic part and 6 to 12 carbon atoms in the aromatic part are preferred. Examples which may be mentioned are the following aralkyl radicals: benzyl, naphthylmethyl, phenethyl and phenylpropyl. In general, alkoxy represents a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radical, having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which is bonded via an oxygen atom. Lower alkoxy having 1 to about 6 carbon atoms is preferred. An alkoxy radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is particularly preferred. Examples which may be mentioned are methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, pentoxy, isopentoxy, hexoxy, isohexoxy, heptoxy, isoheptoxy, octoxy or isooctoxy. In general, aryloxy represents an aromatic radical, having 6 to about 12 carbon atoms, which is bonded via an oxygen atom. Preferred aryloxy radicals are phenoxy or naphthyloxy. In general, aralkoxy represents an aralkyl radical having 7 to 14 carbon atoms, the alkylene chain being bonded via an oxygen atom. Aralkoxy radicals having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the aliphatic part and 6 to 12 carbon atoms in the aromatic part are preferred. Examples which may be mentioned are the following aralkoxy radicals: benzyloxy, naphthylmethoxy, phenethoxy and phenylpropoxy. In general, alkylthio represents a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radical, having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which is bonded via a sulphur atom. Lower alkylthio having 1 to about 6 carbon atoms is preferred. An alkylthio radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is particularly preferred. Examples which may be mentioned are methylthio, ethylthio, propylthio, isopropylthio, butylthio, isobutylthio, pentylthio, isopentylthio, hexylthio, isohexylthio, heptylthio, isoheptylthio, octylthio or isooctylthio. In general, acyl represents phenyl or straight-chain or branched lower alkyl, having 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, which are bonded via a carbonyl group. Phenyl, and alkyl radicals having up to 4 carbon atoms are preferred. Examples which may be mentioned are: benzoyl, acetyl, ethylcarbonyl, propylcarbonyl, isopropylcarbonyl, butylcarbonyl and isobutylcarbonyl. Alkoxycarbonyl may be represented, for example, by the formula ##STR4## In this formula, alkyl represents a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. Lower alkoxycarbonyl having 1 to about 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl part is preferred. An alkoxycarbonyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl part is particularly preferred. Examples which may be mentioned are the following alkoxycarbonyl radicals: methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, butoxycarbonyl or isobutoxycarbonyl. Aryloxycarbonyl may be represented, for example, by the formula -COO-aryl. In this formula, aryl represents, in general, an aromatic radical having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. Examples which may be mentioned are: phenoxycarbonyl and naphthyloxycarbonyl. Aralkoxycarbonyl may be represented, for example, by the formula -COO-aralkyl. In this formula, aralkyl represents, in general, an aryl radical, having 7 to 14 carbon atoms, which is bonded via an alkylene chain, aralkyl radicals having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the aliphatic part and 6 to 12 carbon atoms in the aromatic part being preferred. Examples which may be mentioned as aralkoxycarbonyl radicals are: benzyloxycarbonyl and naphthylmethyloxycarbonyl. In the context of the abovementioned definition, heteroaryl represents, in general, a 5- to 6-membered aromatic ring, which may contain, as heteroatoms, oxygen, sulphur and/or nitrogen and to which a further aromatic ring may be fused. 5- and 6-membered aromatic rings which contain one oxygen, one sulphur and/or up to 2 nitrogen atoms and which are optionally fused to a benzyl group are preferred. The following may be mentioned as particularly preferred heteroaryl radicals: thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, quinazolyl, quinoxalyl, thiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, imidazolyl, benzimidazolyl, pyrazolyl and indolyl. In general, halogen represents fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine. Halogen particularly preferably represents fluorine or chlorine. Preferred such compounds of the general formula (I) are those in which Particularly preferred such compounds of the general formula (I) are those in which Very particularly preferred such compounds of the general formula (I) are those in which The following 8-substituted 2-aminotetralins may be mentioned as examples: In the context of the present invention, the 8-halogeno-aminotetralins (Ia) correspond to the general formula ##STR8## in which R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the specified meaning and In the context of the present invention, the diaminotetralins (Ib) correspond to the general formula ##STR9## in which Z represents a group of the formula --NR.sup.4 R.sup.5, wherein In the context of the present invention, the 8-ureido-aminotetralins (Ic) correspond to the general formula ##STR10## in which R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.9 have the specified meaning. In the context of the present invention, the 8-acyl-aminotetralins (Id) correspond to the general formula ##STR11## in which R.sup.6' represents hydroxyl, amino, alkoxy, aryloxy or aralkoxy, and In the context of the present invention, the 8-formyl-aminotetralins (Ie) correspond to the general formula (Ie) ##STR12## in which R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the specified meaning. In the context of the present invention, the 8-methylene-aminotetralins (If) correspond to the general formula (If) ##STR13## in which R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and X have the abovementioned meaning. In the context of the present invention, the 8-alkylene-aminotetralins (Ig) correspond to the general formula ##STR14## in which W represents a group of the formula --(CH.sub.2).sub.a' --X or --CH.dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.b --X, In the context of the present invention, the 8-ethylene-aminotetralins (Ih) correspond to the general formula ##STR15## in which R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and X have the specified meaning. A process has been found for the preparation of the 8-halogeno-aminotetralins, according to the invention, of the general formula (Ia) ##STR16## in which Y represents halogen or cyano, [A] 8-aminotetralins of the general formula (II) ##STR17## in which R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the specified meaning, are reacted with nitrites in inert solvents in the presence of acids, the diazonium salts obtained are then reacted with copper salts of the general formula (III) [B] tetralones of the general formula (IV) ##STR18## in which R.sup.18 represents chlorine or bromine, are initially reacted with amines of the general formula (V) ##STR19## in which R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the specified meaning, in inert solvents, if appropriate in the presence of auxiliaries, then the intermediates are reduced in inert solvents, then, if appropriate, halogen is exchanged for cyano, and then, in the case of the preparation of the salts, the products are reacted with the appropriate acids. The process according to the invention may be illustrated by the following equation: ##STR20## Process version A: When carrying out process A according to the invention, the diazonium salts are generally produced as intermediates which can be isolated. However, it has proven expedient to carry out the process without isolating the intermediates. Suitable inert solvents here are water or alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol, or amides, such as formamide or dimethylformamide, or acids, such as mineral acids or carboxylic acids. Water and/or acids, such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid or acetic acid, are preferred. It is likewise possible to employ mixtures of the solvents mentioned. In general, mineral acids are employed as acids. Hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulphuric acid or phosphoric acid, or mixtures of the acids mentioned, are preferred here. In general, alkali metal nitrites, such as sodium or potassium nitrite, are used as nitrites. Sodium nitrite is preferably used. In general, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal halides or cyanides are employed as auxiliaries. Sodium chloride, sodium bromide or sodium cyanide are preferred. The reaction is generally carried out in a temperature range from -10.degree. C. to +150.degree. C., preferably from 0.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. The reaction is generally carried out at atmospheric pressure. It is likewise possible to carry out the reaction at increased or reduced pressure (for example from 0.5 to 5 bar). The process according to the invention is generally carried out in a fashion such that a solution of nitrite in water is initially added to the 8-aminotetralin in concentrated aqueous acids, and the reaction solution is subsequently treated with copper(I) halides or copper(I) cyanide, if appropriate dissolved in water. In general, the diazonium salt is not isolated. Hydrochloric acid and copper(I) chloride are preferably used for the introduction of the chlorine atom (Y=Cl), hydrobromic acid and copper(I) bromide for the introduction of the bromine atom (Y=Br), and sulphuric acid and copper(I) cyanide for the introduction of the nitrile function (Y=CN), if appropriate in the presence of sodium cyanide. In general, work-up is effected by neutralization of the reaction mixture using alkali metal hydroxides or carbonates, and also extraction, crystallization and/or chromatography of the free bases thus obtained, from which the salts thereof are obtained by reaction with the appropriate acids. The 8-aminotetralins employed as starting compounds are known [EP-A1 41,488]. The following 8-aminotetralins may be mentioned as examples: Process version B: The intermediates are prepared by reacting the tetralones (IV) with amines (V) in inert organic solvents, if appropriate in the presence of a catalyst and if appropriate in the presence of a dehydrating agent. In the case of the reaction with primary amines, the intermediates are Schiff bases, and in the case of the reaction with secondary amines, the intermediates are enamines or immonium salts. The process according to the invention may be carried out in two steps, that is to say with isolation of the intermediates. It is likewise possible to carry out the process according to the invention as a one-pot process. Suitable inert solvents here are those conventional organic solvents which do not change under the reaction conditions. These preferably include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol, or ethers such as diethyl ether, butyl methyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, or halogenated hydrocarbons such as, for example, methylene chloride, chloroform or carbon tetrachloride, or hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene or petroleum fractions, or amides such as dimethylformamide or hexamethylphosphoric triamide, or acetic acid. In addition, it is possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. In general, protonic acids are used as catalysts. These preferably include inorganic acids such as, for example, hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid, or organic carboxylic acids having 1 to 6 C atoms, optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine and/or bromine, such as, for example, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid or propionic acid, or sulphonic acids having C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl radicals or having aryl radicals, such as, for example, methanesulphonic acid, ethanesulphonic acid, benzenesulphonic acid or toluenesulphonic acid. The water formed during the reaction may be removed, if appropriate, during or after the reaction as a mixture with the solvent used, for example by distillation or by addition of dehydrating agents, such as, for example, phosphorus pentoxide, or preferably by molecular sieve. In general, the reaction is carried out in a temperature range from 0.degree. C. to +200.degree. C., preferably from +20.degree. C. to +150.degree. C. In the case of removal of the water formed during the reaction by azeotropic distillation with the solvents used, the reaction is preferably carried out at the boiling temperature of the azeotrope. The reaction can be carried out at atmospheric, elevated or reduced pressure (for example 0.5-5 bar). In general, the reaction is carried out at atmospheric pressure. When carrying out the reaction, the starting materials are generally employed in a tetralone (IV) to amine (V) molar ratio of 0.5:2 to 1:2. Molar amounts of the reactants are preferably used. The enamines are reduced either by hydrogen in water or inert organic solvents such as alcohols, ethers or halogenated hydrocarbons, or mixtures thereof, using catalysts such as Raney nickel, palladium, palladium on animal charcoal, or platinum, or using hydrides in inert solvents, if appropriate in the presence of a catalyst. The reaction is preferably carried out using hydrides, such as complex borohydrides or aluminum hydrides. Sodium borohydride, Lithium aluminum hydride or sodium cyanoborohydride are particularly preferably employed here. Suitable solvents in this reaction are all those inert organic solvents which do not change under the reaction conditions. These preferably include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol, or ethers such as diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, or amides such as hexamethylphosphoric triamide, or dimethylformamide, or acetic acid. It is likewise possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. In general, protonic acids are used as catalysts in the reduction. These preferably include inorganic acids such as, for example, hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid, or organic carboxylic acids having 1-6 C atoms, optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine and/or bromine, such as, for example, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid or propionic acid, or sulphonic acids having C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl radicals or having aryl radicals, such as, for example, methanesulphonic acid, ethanesulphonic acid, benzenesulphonic acid or toluenesulphonic acid. When carrying out the process according to the invention, it has proven favorable to carry out the reaction of the tetralones (IV) with the amines (V) as a one-pot process in an inert solvent, preferably in ethyl acetate or in alcohols such as, for example, methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol, or mixtures thereof, in the presence of inorganic or organic acids, such as, for example, hydrochloric acid or acetic acid, and in the presence of a reducing agent, preferably complex hydrides such as, for example, sodium borohydride or sodium cyanoborohydride, if appropriate in the presence of a dehydrating agent, preferably a molecular sieve. In this case, the reaction is carried out in a temperature range from 0.degree. C. to +150.degree. C., preferably from 0.degree. C. to +100.degree. C., at atmospheric pressure. It is likewise possible to carry out the reaction at reduced pressure or at increased pressure (for example in a Carius tube). If the process according to the invention is carried out as a one-pot reaction, it has proven favorable to employ the amine in an excess of up to 10-fold, preferably up to 5-fold, compared to the tetralone. The substitution of cyano for halogen, particularly bromine, is generally carried out using copper(I) cyanide in inert solvents, preferably amides such as dimethylformamide or hexamethylphosphoric triamide, in a temperature range from +20.degree. C. to +200.degree. C., preferably from +50.degree. C. to +150.degree. C., at atmospheric pressure. The amines employed as starting materials are known or can be prepared by known processes (Houben-Weyl's "Methoden der organischen Chemie" [Methods of Organic Chemistry] XI/1 and XI/2). The following amines may be mentioned as examples: methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, dimethylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine, methyl-propylamine, ethylmethylamine and ethyl-propylamine. Some of the tetralones employed as starting materials are new and can be prepared by methods, known per se, of Friedel-Crafts acylation from 2-halogeno-phenylacetyl chlorides or bromides, aluminum chloride and ethers (Houben-Weyl's "Methoden der organischen Chemie" [Methods of Organic Chemistry] VII/2a, 141; G. P. Johnson, Org. Synth., Coll. Vol. IV, 900 (1963)). The following tetralones may be mentioned as examples: In addition, a process has been found for the preparation of the diaminotetralins, according to the invention, of the general formula (Ib) ##STR21## wherein Z represents a group of the formula --NR.sup.4 R.sup.5, wherein The process according to the invention may be illustrated by the following equation: ##STR23## Suitable inert solvents here are those conventional organic solvents which do not change under the reaction conditions. These preferably include ethers such as diethyl ether, butyl methyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, or halogenated hydrocarbons such as, for example, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, dichloroethylene or trichloroethylene, or hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, or petroleum fractions, or alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol, or carboxylic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid or propionic acid, or carboxylic acid anhydrides such as propionic anhydride or acetic anhydride, or acetone, ethyl acetate or acetonitrile. It is likewise possible to employ mixtures of the solvents mentioned. The conventional basic compounds may be employed as bases for basic reactions. These preferably include alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides( or alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates, such as, for example, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or barium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate, or alkali metal alcoholates such as, for example, sodium methanolate, sodium ethanolate, potassium methanolate or potassium ethanolate, or alkali metal amides such as sodium amide or lithium diisopropylamide, or organic amines such as triethylamine, tripropylamine, pyridine, piperidine or N,N-dimethylaminopyridine. The reaction is generally carried out in a temperature range from -30.degree. C. to +100.degree. C., preferably from 0.degree. C. to +80.degree. C. The reaction is generally carried out at atmospheric pressure. It is likewise possible to carry out the reaction at increased or reduced pressure (for example from 0.5 to 5 bar). In general, carboxylic acid halides or anhydrides, preferably carboxylic acid chlorides or bromides or symmetrical or asymmetrical carboxylic acid anhydrides, are used as acylating agents (general formula VI with R.sup.19 =COR.sup.7), mixed anhydrides with formic acid, acetic acid or propionic acid preferably being used in the case of the asymmetrical anhydrides. In general, sulphonyl halides or sulphonic anhydrides, preferably sulphonyl chlorides or bromides, or symmetrical or asymmetrical sulphonic anhydrides, are employed as sulphonating agents (general formula VI with R.sup.19 =SO.sub.2 R.sup.8), mixed anhydrides with methanesulphonic, ethanesulphonic, benzenesulphonic or toluenesulphonic acid preferably being used in the case of asymmetrical anhydrides. When carrying out the process according to the invention, the acylating or sulphonating agents are generally employed in an amount from 1 to 10 moles, preferably from 1 to 5 moles, relative to 1 mole of the 8-aminotetralin. The base is generally employed in an amount from 1 to 5, preferably from 1 to 2 moles, relative to 1 mole of the acylating or sulphonating agent. In addition, a process has been found for the preparation of the 8-ureido-aminotetralins, according to the invention, of the general formula (Ic) ##STR24## in which R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or alkyl, The process according to the invention may be illustrated by the following equation: ##STR26## Suitable inert solvents are those conventional organic solvents which do not change under the reaction conditions. These preferably include ethers such as diethyl ether, butyl methyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran or glycol dimethyl ether, or halogenated hydrocarbons such as, for example, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, dichloroethylene or trichloroethylene, or hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene or petroleum fractions, or amides such as dimethylformamide or hexamethylphosphoric triamide, or acetic acid, acetonitrile or pyridine. It is likewise possible to employ mixtures of the solvents mentioned. Suitable bases here are the conventional organic amines. These preferably include trialkylamines such as, for example, triethylamine or tripropylamine, or tertiary organic bases such as, for example, pyridine, N,N-dimethylaminopyridine, picoline, piperidine, morpholine or 1,5-diazabicyclo [4,3,0]non-5-ene or 1,5-diazabicyclo[5,4,0]undec-5-ene. The reaction is generally carried out in a temperature range from -30.degree. C. to +100.degree. C., preferably from 0.degree. C. to +80.degree. C. The reaction is generally carried out at atmospheric pressure. It is likewise possible to carry out the reaction at increased or reduced pressure (for example from 0.5 to 5 bar). When carrying out the process according to the invention, the isocyanates are generally employed in an amount from 1 to 3, preferably from 1 to 2 moles, relative to 1 mole of the 8-aminotetralin. The base is generally employed in an amount from 0.01 to 1 mole, preferably from 0.1 to 0.5 mole, relative to 1 mole of the isocyanate. The process can be carried out, for example, by mixing the 8-aminotetralin with isocyanate and base in an inert solvent, and wa[ming, if appropriate. Work-up is effected by extraction, chromatography and/or crystallization. In the case of the preparation of the unsubstituted 8-ureido-aminotetralins (R.sup.9 =H), alkali metal cyanates, preferably sodium or potassium cyanate, are employed in water and/or acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid or sulphuric acid. In addition, a process has been found for the preparation of the 8-acyl-aminotetralins, according to the invention, of the-general formula (Id) ##STR27## in which R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or alkyl, The process according to the invention may be illustrated by the following equation: ##STR29## During the hydrolysis when carrying out the process according to the invention, the amides are generally produced first and then the carboxylic acids. The carboxylic acids can also be prepared without isolating the amides. The esters according to the invention are obtained by esterifying the carboxylic acids. This reaction can also be carried out without isolating the amides or the carboxylic acids. The carboxylic acids are preferably prepared in one step without isolating the amides, but, in contrast, the carboxylates are prepared from the isolated carboxylic acids. The hydrolysis to form the amides or carboxylic acids according to the invention is generally carried out using water in inert solvents in the presence of bases. Suitable inert solvents here are water or alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol or butanol or glycol, or amides such as dimethylformamide or hexamethylphosphoric triamide, or ethers such as dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, glycol monomethyl ether, glycol dimethyl ether or diethyl glycol dimethyl ether. It is likewise possible to employ mixtures of the solvents mentioned. Suitable bases for the hydrolysis are the conventional basic compounds. These preferably include alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or barium hydroxide, or alkali metal carbonates such as, for example, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or potassium carbonate, or alkali metal alcoholates such as, for example, sodium methanolate, sodium ethanolate, potassium methanolate, potassium ethanolate or potassium tert.butanolate. The hydrolysis is generally carried out in a temperature range from 0.degree. C. to +200.degree. C., preferably from +20.degree. C. to +150.degree. C. The hydrolysis is generally carried out at atmospheric pressure. It is likewise possible to carry out the reaction at increased or at reduced pressure (for example from 0.5 to 5 bar). When carrying out the hydrolysis according to the invention, the bases are generally employed in an amount from 1 to 10, preferably from 1 to 5 moles, relative to 1 mole of the 8-cyano-aminotetralins. The esterification of the carboxylic acids according to the invention to form the carboxylates according to the invention is generally carried out using the appropriate alcohols in the presence of acids in inert solvents. Suitable inert solvents here are those conventional organic solvents which do not change under the reaction conditions. These preferably include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol or butanol, or ethers such as diethyl ether, dioxane or tetrahydrofuran, or halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform or carbon tetrachloride. It is likewise possible to employ mixtures of the solvents mentioned. Suitable acids for the esterification are the conventional inorganic acids. These preferably include mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulphuric acid or phosphoric acid. The esterification is generally carried out in a temperature range from +10.degree. C. to +150.degree. C., preferably from 20.degree. C. to +100.degree. C. The esterification is generally carried out at atmospheric pressure. It is likewise possible to carry out the esterification at increased or reduced pressure (for example at 0.5 to 5 bar). When carrying out the esterification, the acids are generally employed in an amount from 1 to 50, preferably from 1 to 20 moles, relative to 1 mole of the carboxylic acid. The alcohols are generally employed in excess. It has proven favorable here to simultaneously employ the alcohols with which the esterification is carried out as solvents. An ethereal or alcoholic hydrogen chloride solution is preferably used as acid, the alcohol with which the carboxylic acid is esterified itself being used as alcohol. The process according to the invention may be carried out, for example, in the following fashion: the 8-cyano-aminotetralin is Warmed in an inert solvent together with a base, the length of the reaction and the temperature level being dependent on whether the carboxylic acid amide or the carboxylic acid is to be prepared. For the esterification, the appropriate carboxylic acid is warmed in an inert solvent in the presence of an acid, during which the resultant water of reaction can be removed, together with the solvent, by distillation, if appropriate. The 8-cyano-aminotetralins employed as starting materials are new and can be prepared by the process described above. The following may be used, for example, according to the invention as 8-cyano-aminotetralins: In addition, a process has been found for the preparation of the 8-formyl-aminotetralins, according to the invention, of the general formula (Ie) ##STR30## in which R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or alkyl, and The process according to the invention may be illustrated by the following equation: ##STR33## Suitable inert solvents here are those conventional organic solvents which do not change under the reaction conditions. These preferably include ethers such as diethyl ether, butyl methyl ether, dioxane or tetrahydrofuran, or hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene or xylene, or amides such as dimethylformamide or hexamethylphosphoric triamide. It is likewise possible to employ mixtures of the solvents mentioned. In general, substances are employed as auxiliaries as are conventional for the activation of a Grignard reaction. These preferably include iodine or organoiodine compounds, or anthracene, preferably iodine or iodoethane. The reaction is generally carried out in a temperature range from -30.degree. C. to +100.degree. C., preferably from 0.degree. C. to +50.degree. C. The reaction is generally carried out at atmospheric pressure. It is likewise possible to carry out the reaction at increased or reduced pressure (for example from 0.5 to 5 bar). When carrying out the process according to the invention, the formamides are generally employed in an amount from 1 to 5 moles, preferably from 1 to 2 moles, relative to 1 mole of the starting compound. The process according to the invention may be carried out, for example, in the following fashion: magnesium powder or magnesium turnings are initially introduced into a suitable solvent, a solution of the 8-halogensubstituted 2-aminotetralin in a suitable solvent is added dropwise, and the appropriate formamide, if appropriate dissolved in an inert solvent, is subsequently added to the reaction mixture. After hydrolysis of the reaction mixture, work-up is effected by extraction, chromatography and/or crystallization. The 8-halogen-substituted 2-aminotetralins employed as starting materials are new and can be prepared by the process already described above. The following may be used, for example, according to the invention as 8-halogen-substituted 2-aminotetralins: In addition, a process has been found for the preparation of the 8-methylene-aminotetralins, according to the invention, of the general formula (If) ##STR34## in which R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or alkyl, The process according to the invention may be illustrated, for example, by the following equation: ##STR37## The reduction is carried out either by means of hydrogen in water or inert organic solvents such as alcohols, ethers or halogenated hydrocarbons, or mixtures thereof, using catalysts such as metals or noble metals or salts thereof, such as, for example, Raney nickel, palladium, palladium on animal charcoal, platinum or platinum oxide, or using hydrides in inert solvents, if appropriate in the presence of a catalyst. The reduction is preferably carried out using metal hydrides or complex metal hydrides, such as aluminium hydrides or complex borohydrides or aluminum hydrides. Sodium borohydride, lithium aluminum hydride, sodium aluminum hydride, aluminum hydride, sodium cyanoborohydride or lithium trimethoxy-hydrido-aluminate, if appropriate in the presence of aluminum chloride, are particularly preferably employed here. Suitable solvents are all those inert organic solvents which do not change under the reaction conditions. These preferably include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol, or ethers such as diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, or amides such as hexamethylphosphoric triamide or dimethylformamide, or acetic acid, trichloroacetic acid or trifluoroacetic acid, or halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform or carbon tetrachloride. It is likewise possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. In general, acids are used as catalysts in the reduction. These preferably include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid or sulphuric acid, or organic carboxylic acids having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or sulphonic acids having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as, for example, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, methanesulphonic acid, ethanesulphonic acid, benzenesulphonic acid or toluenesulphonic acid. The reduction is particularly preferably carried out in inert solvents, preferably in ethyl acetate or in alcohols such as, for example, methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol, or mixtures thereof, in the presence of inorganic or organic acids, such as, for example, hydrochloric acid or acetic acid, and in the presence of a reducing agent, preferably complex hydrides such as, for example, sodium borohydride, lithium aluminum hydride or sodium cyanoborohydride. The reduction is generally carried out in a temperature range from -20.degree. C. to +100.degree. C., preferably from 0.degree. C. to +80.degree. C. The reduction is generally carried out at atmospheric pressure. It is likewise possible to carry out the reaction at reduced or increased pressure (for example from 0.5 to 5 bar). When carrying out the reduction, the reducing agent is generally employed in an amount from 1 to 6, preferably from 1 to 3 moles, relative to 1 mole of the starting compound. The process according to the invention can be carried out, for example, by adding the tetralins, if appropriate in an inert solvent, to the reducing agent in an inert solvent, and, if appropriate, warming. Work-up is effected in a conventional fashion by extraction, chromatography and/or crystallization. In addition, a process has been found for the preparation of the 8-alkylene-aminotetralins, according to the invention, of the general formula (Ig) ##STR38## in which R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or alkyl, X denotes a group of the formula --NR.sup.12 R.sup.13, --COR.sup.14, --SO.sub.2 R.sup.15 or --OR.sup.16, wherein The process according to the invention may be illustrated by the following equation: ##STR42## Suitable inert solvents here are those conventional organic solvents which do not change under the reaction conditions. These preferably include ethers such as diethyl ether, butyl methyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, or hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene or petroleum fractions, or amides such as dimethylformamide or hexamethylphosphoric triamide, or alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol, or dimethyl sulphoxide. It is likewise possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. Suitable bases are the conventional basic compounds for basic reactions. These preferably include alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, such as, for example, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or barium hydroxide, or alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or potassium carbonate, or alkali metal alcoholates such as sodium methanolate, sodium ethanolate, potassium methanolate, potassium ethanolate or potassium tert.butylate, or amides such as sodium amide or lithium diisopropylamide, or organolithium compounds such as phenyllithium or butyllithium. The choice of solvent or base depends on the stability, sensitivity to hydrolysis or CH acidity of the appropriate phosphorus compound. Ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, or hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene or xylene, or dimethylformamide are particularly preferably used as solvent. Alkali metal alcoholates such as sodium methanolate, sodium ethanolate, potassium methanolate, potassium ethanolate or potassium tert.butylate, or organolithium compounds such as phenyllithium or butyllithium are particularly preferably used as bases. The reaction is generally carried out in the temperature range from -30.degree. C. to +150.degree. C., preferably from 0.degree. C. to +100.degree. C. The reaction may be carried out at atmospheric, increased or at reduced pressure (for example 0.5 to 5 bar). In general, the reaction is carried out at atmospheric pressure. When carrying out the reaction, the phosphorus compounds are generally employed in an amount from 1 to 2 moles, preferably in molar amounts, relative to 1 mole of the 8-formyl-aminotetralins. The bases are generally employed in an amount from 1 to 5, preferably from 1 to 2 moles, relative to 1 mole of the phosphorus compound. The process according to the invention can be carried out, for example, by adding the base and then the 8-formyl-aminotetralins, if appropriate in a suitable solvent, to the phosphorus compounds, dissolved or suspended in a suitable solvent, and, if appropriate, warming. The work-up is effected in a conventional fashion by extraction, chromatography and/or crystallization. When carrying out the process according to the invention, it is likewise possible to employ the appropriate phosphoranes [(R.sup.25).sub.3 P.dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.a'-2 --X], which have previously been prepared from the appropriate phosphonium salts and bases in a separate reaction, directly in place of the phosphonium salts (U=--P(R.sup.25).sub.3 +T.sup.-). However, it has proven favorable to carry out the reaction with the phosphorus compounds in the presence of bases as a one-pot process. As a particular variant of a one-pot process, the reaction may also be carried out, depending on the stability of the phosphorus compounds, in the form of a phase transfer-catalyzed reaction, where ether, hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons may be used as solvents and aqueous sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solutions may be employed as bases. The phosphorus compounds of the general formula (XII) employed as starting materials are known or can be prepared by known methods (Houben-Weyl's "Methoden der organischen Chemie" [Methods of Organic Chemistry] Vol. XII/1, 33, 167). In addition, a process version has been found for the preparation of the 8-ethylene-aminotetralins, according to the invention, of the general formula (Ih) ##STR43## in which R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or alkyl, The process according to the invention may be illustrated, for example, by the following equation: ##STR46## Suitable inert solVents here are those conventional solvents which do not change under the reaction conditions. These preferably include water or alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol, or ethers such as diethyl ether, butyl methyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran or glycol dimethyl ether, or halogenated hydrocarbons such as, for example, methylene chloride, chloroform or carbon tetrachloride, or hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene or petroleum fractions, or amides such as dimethylformamide or hexamethylphosphoric triamide, or dimethyl sulphoxide or acetic acid. It is likewise possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. In general, bases are used as condensation agents. These preferably include alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or barium hydroxide, or alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, or alkali metal alcoholates such as sodium methanolate, sodium ethanolate, potassium methanolate, potassium ethanolate or potassium tert.butanolate, or ammonia, or ammonium acetate, or organic amines such as diethylamine, triethylamine, diisopropylamine, tripropylamine, pyridine, piperidine, morpholine or N,N-dimethylaminopyridine or picoline. The reaction is generally carried out in a temperature range from 0.degree. C. to +150.degree. C., preferably from +20.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. The reaction can be carried out at atmospheric, increased or reduced pressure (for example 0.5 to 5 bar). In general, the reaction is carried out at atmospheric pressure. When carrying out the reaction, the CH-acidic compounds are generally employed in an amount from 0.1 to 100, preferably 0.5 to 50, particularly preferably 1 to 10 moles, relative to 1 mole of the 8-formyl-aminotetralin. The process according to the invention may be carried out, for example, by mixing and, if appropriate, warming the 8-formyl-aminotetralin with the CH-acidic compound, if appropriate in an inert solvent and if appropriate with bases. The work-up is effected in a conventional fashion by extraction, chromatography and/or crystallization. It is also possible here to carry out the process according to the invention by a phase transfer-catalyzed version. The conversion of functional groups into other functional groups in the preparation process described above is carried out, depending on the type of functional group, by oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis or by reaction with electrophilic reagents and is intended to be described in detail below. 1. In general, the nitrile group is reduced to the amino group using metal hydrides, preferably using lithium aluminum hydride, aluminum hydride (prepared, for example, by reaction of lithium aluminum hydride with 100% strength sulphuric acid or with aluminum chloride), or mixtures thereof, in inert solvents such as ethers or chlorinated hydrocarbons, preferably in ethers such as, for example, tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether or dioxane, in a temperature range from -20.degree. C. to +100.degree. C., preferably from 0.degree. C. to +50.degree. C., at atmospheric pressure. In addition, the reduction is possible by hydrogenation of the nitriles in inert solvents such as alcohols, for example methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol, in the presence of a noble metal catalyst such as platinum, palladium, palladium on animal charcoal, or Raney nickel, in a temperature range from 0.degree. C. to +150.degree. C., preferably from room temperature to +100.degree. C., at atmospheric pressure or at increased pressure. The reaction may be illustrated by the following equation: ##STR47## 2. In general, carbamates are converted to N-methylamines by reduction using hydrides, preferably using lithium aluminum hydride, in inert solvents such as ethers, hydrocarbons or chlorinated hydrocarbons, preferably in ethers, such as, for example, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, in a temperature range from 0.degree. C. to +150.degree. C., preferably from +20.degree. C. to +100.degree. C., at atmospheric pressure. The reaction may be illustrated by the following equation: ##STR48## 3. In general, alkoxycarbonyl groups are reduced to alcohol groups using hydrides, preferably using lithium aluminum hydride, in inert solvents such as ethers, hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons, or mixtures thereof, preferably in ethers, such as, for example, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, in a temperature range from 0.degree. C. to +150.degree. C., preferably from +20.degree. C. to +100.degree. C., at atmospheric pressure. The reaction may be illustrated by the following equation ##STR49## 4. In general, the nitrile group is hydrolyzed to the carboxamide group using strong mineral acids, preferably using hydrochloric acid, in inert solvents such as water and/or alcohols, such as, for example, methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol, in a temperature range from 0.degree. C. to +150.degree. C., preferably from +20.degree. C. to +100.degree. C., at atmospheric pressure. The reaction may be described by the following equation: ##STR50## 5. A large number of further compounds according to the invention are obtained by reacting NH- or OH-acidic compounds with electrophilic reagents: (a) In general, amines are converted to carboxamides by reaction with carboxylates in inert solvents such as ethers or hydrocarbons, or their mixtures, preferably in ethers such as, for example, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, if appropriate in the presence of bases such as alkali metals, alkali metal hydrides, alkali metal alcoholates or organolithium compounds, preferably in the presence of alkali metals such as, for example, sodium, or alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride or potassium hydride, in a temperature range from +20.degree. C. to +150.degree. C., preferably at the boiling temperature of the solvent used, at atmospheric pressure. In addition, it is possible to prepare the amides using carboxylic acid halides or anhydrides, preferably using carboxylic acid chlorides, in inert solvents such as ethers, hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons, or mixtures thereof, preferably in ethers such as, for example, diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, or halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride or chloroform, if appropriate in the presence of bases such as alkali metal carbonates, for example sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, or, organic amines such as, for example, triethylamine or pyridine, in a temperature range from -20.degree. C. to +100.degree. C., preferably from 0.degree. C. to +60.degree. C., at atmospheric pressure. The reaction may be illustrated by the following equation: ##STR51## (b) In general, amines are converted to carbamates using carbonates, preferably using asymmetrical carbonates, particularly preferably using carbonates which carry one phenyl ester radical, in inert solvents such as ethers, hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons, or mixtures thereof, preferably in ethers such as, for example, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, in a temperature range from 20.degree. C. to +150.degree. C., preferably from +20.degree. C. to +100.degree. C., at atmospheric pressure. The reaction may be described by the following equation: ##STR52## (c) In general, amines are converted to ureas by reaction with isocyanates in inert solvents such as ethers, hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof, preferably in ethers such as, for example, diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, or in halogenated hydrocarbons such as, for example, methylene chloride or chloroform, in a temperature range from -20.degree. C. to +150.degree. C., preferably from 0.degree. C. to +100.degree. C., at atmospheric pressure. The reaction may be described by the following equation: ##STR53## (d) In general, amides are converted to sulphonamides or aminosulphamoyl derivatives using sulphonyl halides or using amidosulphonyl halides, preferably using the corresponding chlorides, in inert solvents such as ethers, hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons, or mixtures thereof/ preferably in halogenated hydrocarbons such as, for example, methylene chloride or chloroform, if appropriate in the presence of bases such as alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal alcoholates or organic amines, preferably using alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, alkali metal carbonates such as, for example, sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, or organic amines such as triethylamine or pyridine, in a temperature range from -20.degree. C. to +100.degree. C., preferably from 0.degree. C. to +50.degree. C., at atmospheric pressure The reaction may be illustrated by the following equation: ##STR54## (e) In general, the hydroxyl group is converted to a carbonate by reaction with halogenoformates, preferably with chloroformates, in inert solvents such as ethers, hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons, preferably in halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride or chloroform, or in ethers such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, if appropriate in the presence of bases such as alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates or organic amines, preferably in the presence of organic amines such as triethylamine, pyridine, picoline or dimethylaminopyridine, in a temperature range from -20.degree. C. to 100.degree. C., preferably from 0.degree. C. to +30.degree. C., at atmospheric pressure. The reaction may be illustrated by the following equation: ##STR55## (f) In general, cyclic sulphonamides are prepared by reaction of intramolecular electrophiles in inert dipolar aprotic solvents, preferably in dimethylformamide, hexamethylphosphoric triamide or dimethyl sulphoxide, if appropriate in the presence of bases such as alkali metals, alkali metal hydrides, alkali metal amides, alkali metal alcoholates or organolithium compounds, preferably in the presence of alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride or potassium hydride, or alkali metal amides such as sodium amide or lithium diisopropylamide, if appropriate in the presence of catalytic amounts of an alkali metal iodide, for example sodium iodide or potassium iodide, in a temperature range from -20.degree. C. to +100.degree. C., preferably from 0.degree. C. to +50.degree. C., at atmospheric pressure. The reaction may be illustrated by the following equation: ##STR56## 6. A further variation of the process according to the invention with respect to the functional groups in R.sup.1 is given by the reduction of the double bond in R.sup.1, nitro groups (X'=NO.sub.2) which are present simultaneously being reduced to amino groups. The reduction is generally carried out using metal hydrides, preferably using lithium aluminum hydride, aluminum hydride (prepared, for example, by reaction of lithium aluminum hydride with sulphuric acid and aluminum chloride), sodium borohydride, lithium borohydride, or mixtures thereof, in inert solvents such as ethers or chlorinated hydrocarbons, preferably in ethers such as, for example, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane or diethyl ether, in a temperature range from -20.degree. C. to +100.degree. C., preferably from 0.degree. C. to +80.degree. C., at atmospheric pressure. It is likewise possible to carry out this reduction by hydrogenation in inert solvents such as alcohols, for example methanol, ethanol or isopropanol, in the presence of catalysts such as platinum, platinum oxide, palladium, palladium on animal charcoal, or Raney nickel, if appropriate in the presence of acids such as hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, trichloroacetic acid or trifluoroacetic acid, in a temperature range from 0.degree. C. to +200.degree. C., preferably from +20.degree. C. to +100.degree. C., at atmospheric pressure or superatmospheric pressure. The reaction may be iLlustrated by the following equation: ##STR57## Compounds formula (I) with R.dbd.O (CH.sub.2).sub.a X (in which a and X have the specified meaning) can be obtained from the corresponding 8-hydroxy-2-alkylamino-tetralins. The 8-hydroxy-2-alkylamino-tetralins are known (EP-A 41 488) or can be prepared from the corresponding halogen-compounds of formula (I). The 8-hydroxy-2-alkylamino-tetralins are reacted under alkylation conditions (which are known per se) with compounds of the formula The substances of the general formula (I) according to the invention have a high affinity for cerebral 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors of the 5-HT.sub.1 -type. Agonistic, partially agonistic or antagonistic actions on the serotonin receptor are connected with this, against which the known substances have purely agonistic properties. The high-affinity ligands, described in the present invention, for the serotonin-1 receptor thus represent better active compounds for combating diseases which are characterized by disturbances to the serotoninergic system, particularly when involvine receptors which have a high affinity to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT.sub.1 type). They are therefore suitable for the treatment of diseases of the central nervous system, such as anxiety, tension and depression, sexual dysfunctions caused by the central nervous system, and insomnia. In addition, they are suitable for eliminating congnitive deficits, for improving learing and memory performance and for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. In addition, these active compounds are also suitable for modulation of the cardiovascular system. They also engage in the regulation of the cerebral blood supply, and thus represent effective agents for combating migraine. The compounds according to the invention can likewise be employed for combating pain. They are also suitable for combating diseases of the intestinal tract, which are characterized by disturbances of the serotoninergic system. The new active compounds can be converted in a known manner into the customary formulations, such as tablets, dragees, pills, granules, aerosols, syrups, emulsions, suspensions and solutions, using inert non-toxic, pharmaceutically suitable excipients or solvents. The therapeutically active compound should in each case be present here in a concentration of about 0.5 to 90% by weight of the total mixture, that is to say in amounts which suffice to achieve the dosage range indicated. The formulations are prepared, for example, by extending the active compounds with solvents and/or excipients, optionally with the use of emulsifiers and/or dispersing agents, and, for example, when using water as a diluent, organic solvents can optionally be used as auxiliary solvents. Examples of auxiliary substances which may be mentioned are: water, non-toxic organic solvents, such as paraffins (for example petroleum fractions), vegetable oils (for example groundnut oil/sesame oil), alcohols (for example ethyl alcohol and glycerol), excipients, such as, for example, ground natural minerals (for example kaolins, clays, talc and chalk), ground synthetic minerals (for example highly disperse silica and silicates) and sugars (for example sucrose, lactose and glucose), emulsifiers (for example polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters), polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers (for example lignin-sulphite waste liquors, methylcellulose, starch and polyvinylpyrrolidone) and lubricants (for example magnesium stearate, talc, stearic acid and sodium sulphate). Administration is effected in the customary manner, preferably orally or parenterally, particularly perlingually or intravenously. In the case of oral use, the tablets can, of course, also contain, in addition to the excipients mentioned, additives such as sodium citrate, calcium carbonate and dicalcium phosphate, together with various additional substances, such as starch, preferably potato starch, gelatine and the like. Furthermore, lubricants, such as magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl sulphate and talc, can be used concomitantly when making tablets. In the case of aqueous suspensions, the active compounds can be mixed with various flavor-improving agents or colorants in addition to the abovementioned auxiliary substances. In the case of parenteral use, solutions of the active compounds, using suitable liquid excipients, can be employed. In general, it has proved advantageous, in the case of intravenous administration, to administer amounts of about 0.001 to 1 mg/kg, preferably about 0.01 to 0.5 mg/kg, of body weight to achieve effective results, and in the case of oral administration, the dosage is about 0.01 to 20 mg/kg, preferably 0.1 to 10 mg/kg of body weight. Nevertheless, it may be necessary, under certain circumstances, to deviate from the amounts mentioned, and in particular to do so as a function of the body weight or of the nature of the administration method, of the individual behavior towards the medicament, the nature of its formulation, and the time or interval over which the administration takes place. Thus, it can in some cases be sufficient to manage with less than the abovementioned minimum amount, whereas in other cases the upper limit mentioned must be exceeded. In the case of administration of larger amounts, it may be advisable to divide these into several individual administrations over the course of the day.

US Referenced Citations (1)
Number Name Date Kind
4510157 Asselin et al. Apr 1985
Foreign Referenced Citations (1)
Number Date Country
0041488 Dec 1981 EPX
Divisions (1)
Number Date Country
Parent 132372 Dec 1987