Patent Application
20240140970
The present invention relates to the field of assay technology, and in particular to a deuterated compound, and preparation method and use thereof.
In human clinical trials, it is necessary to measure the contents of drugs and drug metabolites in biological samples (such as blood, urine and tissues) of a subject, and further conduct Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK) studies based on the measured contents of drugs and drug metabolites. Such studies are vital for developing new drugs.
Liquid chromatography, the most common method, can detect almost all types of drugs and drug metabolites, with the help of the ultra-high separation power of High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) or Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC), and the detection capacity of Ultraviolet Absorption Detector (UVD), Diode Array Detector (PDAD), Fluorescence Detector (FLD), Evaporative Light Scattering Detector (ELSD), Differential Refractometer (DR), or Mass Spectrometry Detector (MSD).
AST2660 (also known as AST-2660) is a metabolite of AST-3424 (also known as OBI-3424 or TH-3424) (Meng, F., Li, W F., Jung, D., Wang, C. C., Qi, T., Shia, C. S., Hsu, R. Y, Hsieh, Y. C., & Duan, J. (2021), A novel selective AKR1C3-activated prodrug AST-3424/OBI-3424 exhibits broad anti-tumor activity, American Journal of Cancer Research, 11(7), 3645-3659), and is a chemical ingredient that exerts the activity of prodrug AST-3424.
In clinical trials (where OBI-3424 is under investigation in Phase II clinical trial NCT03592264 in the US (sponsored by OBI Pharma, Inc., a Taiwan-based biopharma company, in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and liver cancer), and in Phase II clinical trial NCT04315324 in the US (sponsored by the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG), in patients with T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (T-ALL)); and AST-3424 is under investigation in Phase II clinical trial CTR20191399 in China (sponsored by Ascentawits Pharmaceuticals, Ltd., in patients with solid tumors), and in Phase II clinical trial CTR20201915 in China (sponsored by Ascentawits Pharmaceuticals, Ltd., in patients with T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (T-ALL) and B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Lymphoma (B-ALL)), AST-3424 is used in an amount ranging from 1 mg to 100 mg.
The internal standard or external standard method used in conventional liquid chromatography cannot satisfy the requirements for quantitative analysis of drug metabolites in biological samples when a drug is dosed in lower amounts. Therefore, there is a need for developing an assay method which can not only meet the requirements for the lower limit of quantitation, but also meet the requirements for DMPK studies of the above drugs.
To this end, the present invention provides a deuterated compound, and preparation method and use thereof. It has been tested and validated that deuterated compound I as an internal standard can be used for quantitative analysis of metabolite II in biological samples at the minimum detection limit of 0.5 ng/ml, which satisfies the requirements for DMPK studies.
The deuterated compound I provided by the present invention as the deuterated internal standard in DMPK analysis has adequate stability, can be stored for a longer time under experimental conditions (having stable quality and properties when stored at −20° C. and −70° C.), and can meet the requirements for long-term storage of samples and various operating temperatures (ambient temperatures for labs) in DMPK laboratories used in clinical trials.
Generally speaking, the present invention, which actually satisfies the requirements for DMPK studies of the above-mentioned metabolite II under the lower limit of quantitation (being present in low amounts, the sample having to be stored for a longer time as it needs to undergo centralized analysis, and satisfying the actual requirements of laboratory operations), provides a system for measuring low content levels of metabolite II in biological samples, comprising: a deuterated internal standard, LC-MS/MS instrument and method, curve-fitting algorithm for quantitation, and operating procedures.
According to the present invention, deuterated compound I is used for quantitative analysis of metabolite II in biological samples, which can meet the requirements for quantitative analysis under the lower limit of quantitation, and is also suitable for DMPK studies in clinical trials.
The present invention provides a deuterated compound I having a structure as shown in Formula (I):
wherein A is H or D, and at least one of eight As is D;
M is H or an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or an ammonium radical.
The deuterated compound I is a deuterated bis(aziridine-1-yl)phosphinic acid or a salt thereof the salt-forming cation is an alkali metal such as Na+, K+, or alkaline earth metal ion Ca2+, or ammonium ion NH4+. Preferably, M is Na, K, Li, or an ammonium radical.
Depending on the biological samples and different reagents added in the subsequent operations, the deuterated compound may be present in the form of an acid or a salt; and correspondingly, the deuterated compound is an acid or a salt.
Preferably, at least three of the eight As in the deuterated compound I are D. As the deuterated internal standard, the corresponding mass-to-nucleus ratio m/z in the mass spectra should be distinguishable from non-deuterated compounds. In fact, the mass spectral peak is not a single value, but in the shape of a mountain that descends towards both sides around the main peak, and the abscissa value m/z of the main peak is the value of the compound, set as x; when a hydrogen atom (protium) in the compound is replaced by deuterium, the abscissa value m/z of its main peak is x+1. Apparently, since the main peak is in the shape of a mountain, x and x+1 will overlap with each other, and as a result they might be indistinguishable. According to the method for calculating the molecular weight of the compound (i.e., summing up the relative atomic masses of all the atoms in the compound), it can be concluded that the more the number of the atoms, the more the isotopic atom species with different relative atomic masses the corresponding atoms have, the shape of the main peak descending towards both sides will become more “robust”, and the broader the overlapping area with the main peak of another compound will be. One possible approach to narrow the overlapping area is to extend the distance between the two main peaks. For the deuterated compound, it is necessary to increase the number of its deuterium atoms. The present invention has found, based on the individualized situation of the deuterated compound I, and through experimental verification and calculation, that the non-deuterated compound (metabolite II) can be better distinguished from deuterated compound I when the deuterated compound I contains 3 D (deuterium) atoms. If there are fewer D (deuterium) atoms in the deuterated compound I, a mass spectrum with higher resolution is required to be provided.
Preferably, the number of D in the deuterated compound I is 4 or 8.
More preferably, the deuterated compound I is a compound having a structure as shown in Formula (I-1) or (I-2):
Particularly, the deuterated compound I is selected from compounds having the following structures:
The present invention further provides a method for preparing a deuterated compound I, comprising the steps of:
reacting compound I-a with phosphorus oxyhalide PDX3 to obtain compound I-b;
hydrolyzing compound I-b in an aqueous solution with or without a base to correspondingly obtain the deuterated compound I;
wherein compound I-a is deuterated 2-halogenated ethylamine or an inorganic acid salt, sulfate, phosphate thereof, or the like; A is H or D; and at least one of four As of compound I-a is D; and at least one of eight As of compounds I-b and compound I is D;
wherein the base in the hydrolysis reaction is selected from MOH, where M is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or an ammonium radical; MH, where M is an alkali metal; MOR, where R is an alkyl group with 1-4 carbon atoms, and M is an alkali metal, carbonate or bicarbonate of alkali metal; and X is halogen.
In the first reaction, compound I-a (deuterated 2-haloethylamine or its hydrohalides) is reacted with phosphorus oxyhalide PDX3 to obtain compound I-b. This reaction process may involve one or more reactions.
Deuterated 2-haloethylamine or 2-haloethylamine inorganic acid salts that can be used are determined based on the solvent used in the reaction.
Since this reaction is a violent exothermic reaction, 2-haloethylamine or 2-haloethylamine hydrohalide is dissolved in a solvent to lower the temperature. Subsequently, phosphorus oxyhalide PDX3 or a solution of phosphorus oxyhalide is slowly added dropwise, and reacted under stirring (the temperature of the packed reaction system is −78 to −20° C.). The solvent used in the reaction is an organic solvent, for example, one or a mixture of two or more of dichloromethane, chloroform, chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichloroethane, ethyl acetate, n-hexane or cyclohexane.
The phosphorus oxyhalide PDX3 comprises phosphorus oxybromide POBr3 and phosphorus oxychloride POCl3. Deuterated 2-haloethylamine inorganic acid salts include deuterated 2-haloethylamine hydrohalic acids (hydrochloride, hydrobromide), inorganic oxo acid salts (such as sulfate and phosphate); preferably, the compound I-a is hydrochloride or hydrobromide of deuterated 2-haloethylamine.
As an acid is generated in the first reaction, a base is added to adjust the pH of the reaction. The bases added include inorganic bases and organic bases. Inorganic bases are selected from weak bases, such as alkaline earth metal hydroxides (calcium hydroxide), alkali metal carbonates, and bicarbonate salts (sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and potassium bicarbonate). Preferably, the organic base is one or a mixture of two or more of methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, isopropylamine, N,N-diethylamine, triethylamine, n-butylamine, isobutylamine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, N,N-diisopropylethylamine, 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene, N,N,N′,N′ -tetramethyl ethyl enedi amine, tetramethylguanidine, pyridine, N-methyldicyclohexylamine or dicyclohexylamine.
The reaction procedures include: dissolving 2-haloethylamine or 2-haloethylamine hydrohalide in a solvent to lower the temperature, then slowly dropwise adding phosphorus oxyhalide PDX3 or a solution of phosphorus oxyhalide PDX3 to further lower the temperature, adding a base or a basic solution after lowering the temperature, and effecting the reaction under stirring.
Preferably, the organic solvent is one or a mixture of two or more of dichloromethane, chloroform, chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichloroethane, ethyl acetate, n-hexane or cyclohexane and tetrahydrofuran.
The reaction of compound I-a with phosphorus oxyhalide PDX3 is performed under an atmosphere, wherein the atmosphere is one of air, nitrogen or argon; preferably, the atmosphere is one of nitrogen or argon; more preferably, the atmosphere is nitrogen.
In the second step, compound I-b is hydrolyzed in an aqueous solution with or without a base to correspondingly obtain the deuterated compound I.
The hydrolysis reaction must take place with the addition of water. Thus, the reaction is carried out with the participation of water. If only water is added without adding a base, M in the deuterated compound I after the reaction is H, and the compound is correspondingly present in the form of an acid; if a base is added, a salt will be formed in the corresponding reaction. The base in the hydrolysis reaction is selected from MOH, where M is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or an ammonium radical; MH, where M is an alkali metal; MOR, where R is an alkyl group with 1-4 carbon atoms, and M is an alkali metal, carbonate or bicarbonate of alkali metal. Preferably, the base is NaOH or KOH.
The present invention further provides a use of measuring the content of the deuterated compound I, i.e., measuring the content of the deuterated compound I by using a 31P-NMR method; preferably, measuring the content of the deuterated compound I in a solution containing the deuterated compound I by using a 31P-NMR method; or measuring the content of the deuterated compound I by using a liquid chromatography, wherein the liquid chromatography conditions are as follows:
a hydrogen acceptor type stationary phase chromatography column is used; mobile phase A is a methanol solution of ammonium acetate, and mobile phase B is acetonitrile;
mobile phases A and B are used for gradient elution, which gradually increased from 15% by volume ratio to 90% by volume ratio of mobile phase A, and then gradually decreased to 15% by volume ratio of mobile phase A.
The deuterated compound is quantitatively analyzed after it has been prepared and purified. Many methods are suitable for quantitative analysis. The deuterated compound can either be directly weighed after purification, or directly analyzed by HPLC.
As the finished product of the deuterated compound I prepared by this invention is present in an aqueous solution, it cannot be rapidly analyzed by typical HPLC or accurate weighing method. It was found by experimental verification that the 31P-NMR method can be used to measure the content with the required accuracy in a rapid and convenient manner.
The present invention further provides a method for measuring the content of the deuterated compound I, comprising the steps of:
detecting 31P-NMR of the deuterated compound I and the phosphorus-containing compound with known content to obtain their spectra; and substituting the content of the phosphorus-containing compound with known content to calculate and obtain the content of the deuterated compound I, based on the peak area ratio of the chemical shift characteristic peaks of the deuterated compound I to those of the phosphorus-containing compound in the 31P-NMR spectra.
The phosphorus-containing compound is preferably a compound containing one phosphorus atom, and more preferably is hexamethylphosphoric triamide.
Preferably, the deuterated compound I and the phosphorus-containing compound with known content are added to the solvent and tested for their 31P-NMR spectra.
Preferably, the deuterated compound I and the phosphorus-containing compound with known content are added to water and tested for their 31P-NMR spectra after they have been dissolved.
The deuterated compound I is quantitatively analyzed by using a phosphorus-containing compound as the internal standard of 31P-NMR. Evidently, the number of phosphorus atoms in the selected phosphorus-containing compound is preferably 1, so that the 31P-NMR spectra have relatively simple signal peaks, and thus are convenient for quantitation. Furthermore, the chemical shift of the 31P-NMR spectral signal peak of the phosphorus-containing compound should be spaced wide enough apart from the chemical shift of the 31P-NMR spectral signal peak of the deuterated compound I so that the two signal peaks are easily distinguishable.
When the spectra are assayed by 31P-NMR method, the number of scan times has certain impacts on the 31P-NMR spectral signal peak of the phosphorus-containing compound and also on the 31P-NMR spectral signal peak of the deuterated compound I. It has been verified by experiments that the number of scan times should be greater than 64 times.
The present invention further provides use of the deuterated compound I as an internal standard for detecting a metabolite II in a biological sample; preferably, the present invention provides use of the deuterated compound I as an internal standard for measuring a content of a metabolite of an DNA alkylating agent prodrug in a biological sample, wherein the metabolite II has a structure as shown in Formula (II):
wherein A is H; M is H or an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or an ammonium radical.
“Predrug” (also known as prodrug, drug precursor, precursor drug, etc.) refers to a compound that has pharmacological effects only after it has been converted in vivo. The prodrug itself is biologically inactive or less active, but becomes active after it has been metabolized within the body. The purpose of this process is to increase the bio-availability and targeting capacity of the drug while lowering its toxicity and side effects. Currently, prodrugs can be classified into two major families: carrier-prodrugs and bioprecursors.
The DNA alkylating agent prodrug of the present invention refers to a prodrug that releases a DNA alkylating agent (i.e., metabolite II) after metabolism.
The present invention further provides use of the deuterated compound I as an internal standard for measuring a content of a metabolite of an AKR1C3-activated DNA alkylating agent prodrug or a hypoxia-activated DNA alkylating agent prodrug in a biological sample by LC-MS/MS analysis, wherein the metabolite II has a structure as shown in Formula (II):
wherein A is H; M is H or an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or an ammonium radical;
wherein the deuterated compound I is selected from
wherein the metabolite II is selected from
The AKR1C3-activated DNA alkylating agent prodrug is selected from the compounds having the following structures as shown in Formulae 1-5:
wherein the definitions of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R8, R9, and R10 are as described in the claims of Patent Application PCT/CN2020/089692 with Publication No. WO2020228685A1. Specifically, the groups are defined as follows:
R9 is substituted C6-C10 aryl which is substitued with at least one fluorine atom or nitro group, substituted 4-15 membered heterocycle which is substitued with at least one fluorine atom or nitro group, or substituted 5-15 membered heteroaryl which is substituted with at least one fluorine atom or nitro group;
In particular, the compounds of Formulae (1) and (2) are selected from the group consisting of:
The definitions and meanings of the groups, and the preparation methods and spectral data of the compounds have been described in Patent Application PCT/CN2020/089692 with Publication No. WO2020228685A1, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Evidently, the compounds of structural Formula 1 or 2, similar to AST-342, are prodrugs of AST-2660 (in acid form), and can be activated by the AKR1C3 enzyme to form AST-2660 to exhibit its anti-cancer efficacy.
Evidently, the compounds include those of structural Formula 1 or 2 and salts, esters, solvates, isotopic isomers thereof.
wherein the definition of Rw has been described in the claims of Patent Application PCT/CN2020/120281 with Publication No. WO2021068952A1. Specifically, the groups are defined as follows:
Rw is
to be
Specifically, the compound of Formula (3) is selected from:
The definitions and meanings of the groups, and the preparation methods and spectral data of the compounds have been described in Patent Application PCT/CN2020/120281 with Publication No. WO2021068952A1, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Evidently, the compounds of structural Formula 3, similar to AST-342, are prodrugs of AST-2660 (in acid form), and can be activated by the AKR1C3 enzyme to form AST-2660 to exhibit its anti-cancer efficacy:
wherein the definitions of X, Y, Z, R, A and X10 have been described in the claims of Patent Application PCT/US2016/021581 with Publication No. WO2016145092A1 (corresponding to Chinese Patent Application No. 2016800150788 with Publication No. CN107530556A), and T is
Specifically, the groups are defined as follows:
and
wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocycle, heteroaryl, and ether groups are optionally substituted.
Specifically, the compound of Formula (5) is selected from the group consisting of:
Specific definitions and meanings of the groups, and the preparation methods and spectral data of the compounds, have been described in the claims of the patent application PCT/US2016/021581 with Publication No. WO2016145092A1 (corresponding to Chinese application No. 2016800150788 with Publication No. CN107530556A), which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Evidently, the compounds of Formula 4, similar to AST-3424T, are prodrugs of a phosphoramidate alkylating agent, and can be activated by the AKR1C3 enzyme to form AST-2660 (in acid form) to exert its anti-cancer efficacy:
wherein:
“Cx-Cy” or “Cx-y” before a group refers to a range of the number of carbon atoms that are present in that group. For example, C1-C6 alkyl refers to an alkyl group having at least 1 and up to 6 carbon atoms.
“Alkyl” refers to monovalent saturated aliphatic hydrocarbyl groups having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and, in some embodiments, from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. “Cx-y alkyl” refers to alkyl groups having from x to y carbon atoms. This term includes (by way of example) linear and branched hydrocarbyl groups such as methyl (CH3—), ethyl (CH3CH2—), n-propyl (CH3CH2CH2—), isopropyl ((CH3)2CH—), n-butyl (CH3CH2CH2CH2—), isobutyl((CH3)2CHCH2—), sec-butyl ((CH3)(CH3CH2)CH—), t-butyl ((CH3)3C—), n-pentyl (CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2—), and neopentyl ((CH3)3CCH2—).
“Aryl” refers to an aromatic group having from 6 to 14 carbon atoms and no ring heteroatoms and having a single ring (e.g., phenyl) or multiple condensed (fused) rings (e.g., naphthyl or anthryl). For multiple ring systems, including fused, bridged, and spiro ring systems having aromatic and non-aromatic rings that have no ring heteroatoms, the term “Aryl” or “Ar” applies when the point of attachment is at an aromatic carbon atom (e.g., 5,6,7,8 tetrahydronaphthalene-2-yl is an aryl group as its point of attachment is at the 2-position of the aromatic phenyl ring). “Arylene” refers to a divalent aryl radical having the appropriate hydrogen content.
“Cycloalkyl” refers to a saturated or partially saturated cyclic group having from 3 to 14 carbon atoms and no ring heteroatoms and having a single ring or multiple rings including fused, bridged, and spiro ring systems. For multiple ring systems having aromatic and non- aromatic rings that have no ring heteroatoms, the term “cycloalkyl” applies when the point of attachment is at a non-aromatic carbon atom (e.g., 5,6,7,8,-tetrahydronaphthalene-5-yl). The term “cycloalkyl” includes cycloalkenyl groups. Examples of cycloalkyl groups include, for instance, adamantyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclooctyl, and cyclohexenyl. “Cycloalkylene” refers to a divalent cycloalkyl radical having the appropriate hydrogen content.
“Halogen” refers to one or more of fluoro, chloro, bromo, and iodo.
“Heteroaryl” refers to an aromatic group having from 1 to 14 carbon atoms and 1 to 6 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur and includes single ring (e.g. imidazolyl-2-yl and imidazole-5-yl) and multiple ring systems (e.g. imidazopyridyl, benzotriazolyl, benzimidazol-2-yl and benzimidazol-6-yl). For multiple ring systems, including fused, bridged, and spiro ring systems having aromatic and non-aromatic rings, the term “heteroaryl” applies if there is at least one ring heteroatom, and the point of attachment is at an atom of an aromatic ring (e.g., 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-6-yl and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl). In some embodiments, the nitrogen and/or the sulfur ring atom(s) of the heteroaryl group are optionally oxidized to provide N-oxide (N→O), sulfinyl, or sulfonyl moieties. The term heteroaryl includes, but is not limited to, acridinyl, azocinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzotriazolyl, benzotetrazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzothienyl, benzimidazolinyl, carbazolyl, NH-carbazolyl, carbolinyl, chromanyl, chromenyl, cinnolinyl, dithiazinyl, furanyl, furazanyl, imidazolidinyl, imidazolinyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazolyl, indazolyl, indolenyl, indolinyl, indolizinyl, indolyl, isobenzofuranyl, isochromanyl, isoindazolyl, isoindolinyl, isoindolyl, isoquinolinyl, isoquinolyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, naphthyridinyl, octahydroisoquinolinyl, oxadiazolyl, oxazolidinyl, oxazolyl, pyrimidinyl, phenanthridinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenazinyl, phenothiazinyl, phenoxathiinyl, phenoxazinyl, phthalazinyl, piperazinyl, pteridinyl, purinyl, pyranyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolidinyl, pyrazolinyl, pyrazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyridooxazolyl, pyridoimidazolyl, pyridothiazole, pyridinyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrrolyl, quinazolinyl, quinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinuclidinyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, tetrazolyl, thiadiazinyl, thiadiazolyl, thianthrenyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, thienothiazolyl, thienooxazolyl, thienoimidazolyl, thiophenyl, triazinyl and xanthenyl. “Heteroarylene” refers to a divalent heteroaryl radical having the appropriate hydrogen content.
“Heterocyclic” or “heterocycle” or “heterocycloalkyl” or “heterocyclyl” refers to a saturated or partially saturated cyclic group having from 1 to 14 carbon atoms and from 1 to 6 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen and includes single ring and multiple ring systems including fused, bridged, and spiro ring systems. For multiple ring systems having aromatic and/or non-aromatic rings, the terms “heterocycle”, “heterocycle”, “heterocycloalkyl” or “heterocyclyl” apply when there is at least one ring heteroatom, and the point of attachment is at an atom of a non-aromatic ring (e.g. 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline-3-yl, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline-6-yl, and decahydroquinolin-6-yl). In some embodiment, the heterocyclic groups herein are 3-15 membered, 4-14 membered, 5-13 membered, 7-12, or 5-7 membered heterocycles. In some other embodiment, the heterocycles contain 4 heteroatoms. In some other embodiment, the heterocycles contain 3 heteroatoms. In another embodiment, the heterocycles contain up to 2 heteroatoms. In some embodiments, the nitrogen and/or sulfur atom(s) of the heterocyclic group are optionally oxidized to provide the N-oxide, sulfmyl, sulfonyl moieties. Heterocyclyl includes, but is not limited to, tetrahydropyranyl, piperidinyl, N-methylpiperidin-3-yl, piperazinyl, N-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl, 3-pyrrolidinyl, 2-pyrrolidon-1-yl, morpholinyl, and pyrrolidinyl. A prefix indicating the number of carbon atoms (e.g., C3-10) refers to the total number of carbon atoms in the portion of the heterocyclyl group exclusive of the number of heteroatoms. A divalent heterocyclic radical will have the appropriately adjusted hydrogen content.
“Biaryl” refers to a structure in which two aromatic rings are linked by a C—C single bond, such as biphenyl, bipyridine, and the like.
The term “optionally substituted” refers to a substituted or unsubstituted group. The group may be substituted with one or more substituents, such as e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 substituents. Preferably, the substituents are selected from the group consisting of oxo, halogen, —CN, NO2, —N2+, —CO2R100, OR100, —SR100, —SOR100, —SO2R100, —NR100SO2R100, —NR101R102, —CONR101R102, —SO2NR101R102, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, —CR100═C(R100)2, —CCR100, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 heterocyclyl, C6-C12 aryl and C2-C12 heteroaryl, or a divalent substituent such as —O—(CH2)—O—, —O—(CH2)2—O—, and, 1-4 methyl substituted version thereof, wherein each R100, R101, and R102 independently is hydrogen or C1-C8 alkyl; C3-C12 cycloalkyl; C3-C10 heterocyclyl; C6-C12 aryl; or C2-C12 heteroaryl; or R100 and R102 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form a 5-7 membered heterocycle; wherein each alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with 1-3 halogen, 1-3 C1-C6 alkyl, 1-3 C1-C6 haloalkyl or 1-3 C1-C6 alkoxy groups. Preferably, the substituents are selected from the group consisting of chloro, fluoro, —OCH3, methyl, ethyl, iso-propyl, cyclopropyl, —CO2H and salts and C1-C6 alkyl esters thereof, CONMe2, CONHMe, CONH2, —SO2Me, —SO2NH2, —SO2NMe2, —SO2NHMe, —NHSO2Me, —NHSO2CF3, —NHSO2CH2Cl, —NH2, —OCF3, —CF3 and —OCHF2.
Specifically, the compound of Formula (5) is selected from the group consisting of:
Specific definitions and meanings of the groups, and the preparation methods and spectral data of the compounds, have been disclosed in PCT/US2016/021581 with Publication No. WO2016145092A1 (corresponding to Chinese application No. 2016800150788 with Publication No. CN107530556A); PCT/US2020/120281 with Publication No. WO2021068952A1; and PCT/CN2020/089692 with Publication No. WO2020228686, which are incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Evidently, the compounds of Formula 6, similar to AST-3424, are prodrugs of AST-2660, and can be activated by the AKR1C3 enzyme to form AST-2660 to exert its anticancer efficacy:
The hypoxia-activated DNA alkylating agent prodrug is selected from the group consisting of compounds having a structure as shown in the following Formulae 6-12:
wherein the definitions of R1, R2, R3 and Cx are as described in the claims of Patent Application PCT/CN2020/114519 with Publication No. WO2021120717A1; Specifically, the groups are defined as follows:
group can substitute the hydrogen atom at any position on the carbon atom of the fused ring, and the number of substitution is 1.
Specific definitions and meanings of the groups, and the preparation methods and spectral data of the compounds have been described in Patent Application PCT/CN2020/114519 with Publication No. WO2021120717A1, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Specifically, the compound of Formula (6) is selected from the group consisting of:
wherein, the definitions of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, R16, and R17 are as described in the claims of the patent application PCT/US2016/039092 with Publication No. WO2016210175A1 (corresponding to the Chinese application No. 2016800368985 with Publication No. CN108024974A). Specifically, the groups are defined as follows:
Specific definitions and meanings of the groups, and the preparation methods and spectral data of the compounds, have been described in the patent application PCT/US2016/039092 with Publication No. WO2016210175A1 (corresponding to Chinese application No. 2016800368985 with Publication No. CN108024974A), which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
In particular, the compounds of Formulae (7)-(12) are selected from the compounds as specifically disclosed in the above-mentioned patent applications.
Evidently, the “compound” in the above-mentioned Chemical Formulae 1-12 as disclosed herein also includes the compound itself as well as solvate, salt, ester or isotopic isomer thereof.
The present invention further provides a method for measuring the content of a metabolite in a biological sample, comprising the steps of:
preparing a solution to be tested containing an internal standard compound with known concentration for injection analysis by LC-MS/MS;
preparation of a standard working solution: preparing a series of standard working solutions containing an internal standard compound with known concentration and a metabolite II with known concentration, wherein the concentration of the internal standard compound in the series of standard working solutions is consistent and the same as the concentration of the internal standard compound in the solution to be tested, and the concentration of the metabolite II in the series of standard working solutions is different;
determining a relationship function by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS): absorbing the prepared standard working solutions of metabolite II with different concentrations, and injecting them into the LC-MS/MS system for detection to obtain the relationship function y=f (x), wherein y represents the ratio of the peak area of the metabolite II to that of the internal standard compound, and x represents the concentration of the metabolite II in the standard working solutions;
determining and calculating the concentration of the metabolite II in the solution to be tested with unknown concentration by using the relationship function: absorbing the solution to be tested added with the internal standard compound with known concentration, injecting it into the LC-MS/MS system for detection to obtain the ratio y of the peak area of the metabolite II to that of the internal standard compound, substituting it into the function y=f (x) to obtain the concentration x of the metabolite II in the solution to be tested;
wherein the solution to be tested is prepared from the biological sample with or without treatment;
wherein the internal standard compound is a deuterated compound I, which has a structure as shown in Formula (I):
A is H or D, and at least one of eight As is D;
M is H or an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or an ammonium radical;
wherein the metabolite II has a structure as shown in Formula (II):
A is H;
M is H or an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or an ammonium radical.
This invention further provides a method for measuring the content of the metabolite in a biological sample, comprising the steps of:
adding a quantitative internal standard compound to a biological sample solution to be tested and taking it as a solution to be tested after extraction treatment;
diluting a metabolite II reference substance to obtain a series of solutions of metabolite II with different concentrations, adding the quantitative internal standard compound and taking it as a standard working solution after extraction treatment, absorbing the series of standard working solutions, respectively injecting them into an LC-MS/MS system for detection to obtain the peak area of the metabolite II and the internal standard compounds, taking the ratio of the peak area of the metabolite II to that of the internal standard compounds as an ordinate and taking the concentration of the metabolite II as an abscissa to draw a standard curve and calculate a regression equation;
absorbing the solution to be tested, injecting it into the LC-MS/MS system for detection to obtain the ratio of the peak area of the metabolite II to that of the deuterated compound I in the solution to be tested, substituting it into the regression equation to obtain the content of the metabolite II in the solution to be tested;
wherein the internal standard is a deuterated compound I, which has a structure as shown in Formula (I):
A is H or D, and at least one of eight As is D;
M is H or an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or an ammonium radical;
wherein the metabolite II has a structure as shown in Formula (II):
A is H;
M is H or an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or an ammonium radical.
Preferably, the conditions for liquid chromatography in liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry are as follows:
a hydrogen acceptor type stationary phase chromatography column is used; mobile phase A is methanol solution of ammonium acetate, and mobile phase B is acetonitrile;
mobile phases A and B are used for gradient elution: gradually increasing from 15% by volume ratio to 90% by volume ratio of mobile phase A, and then gradually decreasing to 15% by volume ratio of mobile phase A;
the mass spectrometry conditions: electrospray ion source;
in negative ion scanning mode
the monitoring ion pair of the metabolite II is: m/z 147.0→m/z 62.9;
the monitoring ion pair of the deuterated compound I is: m/z (147.0+number of deuteration)→m/z 62.9; or
in positive ion scanning mode
the monitoring ion pair of the metabolite II is: m/z 149.0→m/z 64.9;
the monitoring ion pair of the deuterated compound I is: m/z (149.0+number of deuteration)→m/z 64.9.
If positive ion scanning mode is used, it is recommended to add an acid (such as formic acid) in the corresponding mobile phase.
Preferably, in the preparation of the solution to be tested containing the deuterated compound I (the internal standard compound) with known concentration, the deuterated compound I is firstly added into the biological sample solution and then the extraction operation is performed;
Correspondingly, in the preparation of the standard working solution, the deuterated compound I is firstly added into a matrix solution containing metabolites II with known different concentrations and then the extraction operation is performed.
Preferably, the biological sample is a urine sample or a plasma sample, and correspondingly, when the urine sample is measured, the corresponding matrix solution is the urine of a patient with an additive and without administration; when the blood sample is measured, the corresponding matrix solution is the plasma of a patient with an anticoagulant and without administration.
The operation process for the addition of the deuterated compound and extraction is as follows: the solution to be tested and the standard work solution are added into the solution of the deuterated compound I, methanol is added and mixed uniformly, and a supernatant is obtained by centrifugation.
The additive is Na2HPO4 or K2HPO4; and the anticoagulant is K2EDTA or Na2EDTA.
For the blood samples, they should be stored in an environment below −20° C., preferably in an environment at −70° C. within 4 hours after collection and can be stored for 28 days at −70° C.; if treated, they should be refrigerated at 4° C. or below and an injection detection should be completed within 54 hours.
For the urine samples, they should be stored at −70° C. within 24 hours, preferably within 4 hours, after collection and can be stored for 32 days at −70° C.; if treated, the injection detection should be completed within 94 hours at room temperature or below.
In the graphs of
It should be noted that, unless defined otherwise, all technical or scientific terms used in one or more embodiments of the present specification shall have the meaning commonly understood by a person skilled in the art to which the invention belongs.
The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless specified otherwise. The medicinal raw materials, reagent materials, etc. used in the following examples are all commercially available products unless specified otherwise.
The AST-3424 drug developed by the applicant is a prodrug of the DNA alkylating agent AST-2660, which is specifically activated by the AKR1C3 enzyme that is highly expressed in cancer cells and metabolized to AST-2660 to exert its medicinal effect. As shown in the background section, in human clinical trials, it is necessary to measure the contents of drugs and drug metabolites in biological samples (such as blood, urine and tissues) of a subject, and further conduct Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK) studies based on the measured contents of drugs and drug metabolites. However, AST-3424 is used in the clinic trails in relatively low amount, from 1 mg to 100 mg. The internal standard or external standard method used in conventional liquid chromatography cannot satisfy the requirements for quantitative analysis under the lower limit of quantitation. Therefore, there is a need for developing an assay method which can meet the requirements for the lower limit of quantitation.
In order to solve the technical problem as described above, the applicant attempts to quantify the low content of AST-2660 in biological samples using internal standard quantification method. The internal standard method is a rather accurate quantitative method in chromatographic analysis. The internal standard method is to add a certain amount of pure substance to a certain amount of the sample mixture to be analyzed, analyze the sample containing the internal standard substance using chromatography, then determine the peak area of the internal standard and the component to be measured, respectively, and calculate the percentage of the component to be measured in the sample. It is very important for the selection of the internal standard. Ideally, the internal standard should be a known compound that can be obtained in pure form so that it can be added to the sample in an accurate and known amount; and it should have substantially the same or as close as possible chemical and physical properties (such as chemical structure, polarity, volatility and solubility in solvents, etc.), chromatographic behavior, and response characteristic as those of the analyte, preferably, a homologue of the analyte. Certainly, the internal standard must be sufficiently separated from the each component in the sample under the chromatographic conditions. For the quantitative analysis of internal standard method, it is very important for the selection of internal standard. It must meet the following requirements:
In this application, many similar compounds of AST-2660 were screened, and the deuterated compound I was finally screened as the internal standard for the detection of metabolite II. The liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method which is established using deuterated compound I has a lower detection limit: as low as 0.5 ng/ml. Moreover, the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method which is established using deuterated compound I according to the present application can be used to measure the content of the metabolite AST-2660 in human plasma and urine. The method meets the analysis requirements of biological sample: the sample processing method is simple and convenient; and this method has high sensitivity, precision, and accuracy.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.
Deuterated 2-bromoethylamine hydrobromide (360 mg, 1.72 mmol) and phosphorous oxychloride (132 mg, 0.86 mmol) were added to anhydrous dichloromethane (4 mL) (firstly deuterated 2-bromoethylamine hydrobromide was added, then phosphorus oxychloride was added) under the protection of nitrogen. When the temperature of the reaction mixture was lowered to −78° C., triethylamine (348 mg, 3.44 mmol) in dichloromethane solution (2 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was kept at −78° C. for 30 min, the temperature of the reaction mixture was naturally raised to 0° C., and then the reaction mixture was kept at 0° C. for 4 hours. Then the solid was quickly filtered off with suction. The mother liquor was concentrated at a low temperature and was directly used in the next step.
The crude product obtained in the above steps was dissolved in water (30.8 mL), and a solid sodium hydroxide (275 mg, 6.88 mmol) was slowly added in portions. The reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight. Then the mixture was stored at −20° C. The 31P-NMR characterization is shown in
Obviously, in the above operations, different intermediates I-b can be synthesized by selecting different deuterated raw material compounds I-a (deuterated 2-bromoethylamine), and then different bases (NaOH, KOH, LiOH or Ammonia water) were added in the hydrolysis reaction to obtain different deuterated bis (aziridine-1-yl) phosphinic acids or salts thereof.
The above reaction from compound I-a to compound I-b was completed in one step. In fact, it is also can be completed in separate (two) steps, and the feeding order and the amount of the reactants can be changed. Obviously, such operation is equivalent to the operation that the above reaction from compound I-a to compound I-b was completed in one step, namely:
Under the protection of nitrogen, deuterated 2-bromoethylamine hydrobromide and phosphorous oxychloride were added to anhydrous dichloromethane (firstly phosphorus oxychloride was added, then a first deuterated 2-bromoethylamine hydrobromide was added, wherein the molar ratio of phosphorous oxychloride to the deuterated 2-bromoethylamine hydrobromide was greater than 1). The temperature of the reaction mixture was lowered to −78° C., and triethylamine in dichloromethane solution was added dropwise. After the reaction mixture was kept at −78° C. for 30 min, a second deuterated 2-bromoethylamine hydrobromide was added. Triethylamine in dichloromethane solution was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was kept at −78° C. for 30 min, the temperature of the reaction mixture was naturally raised to 0° C., and then the reaction mixture was kept at 0° C. for 4 hours. Then the solid was quickly filtered off with suction. The mother liquor was concentrated at a low temperature and was directly used in the next step.
The crude product obtained in the above steps was dissolved in water, and a solid sodium hydroxide was slowly added in portions. The reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight. Then the reaction mixture was stored at −20° C., wherein the reaction occurred as follows:
Different deuterated compounds I and salts thereof can be prepared by selecting the first and the second deuterated 2-bromoethylamine hydrobromide with different deuteration positions and deuteration numbers.
The quantitative detection method is specifically described below by means of taking the AST-2660-D8-sodium salt prepared in Example 1 as an example.
In this example, HMPA (hexamethylphosphoric triamide) was used as the internal standard of phosphorus spectrum for measuring the content of AST-2660-D8-sodium salt prepared in Example 1.
HMPA (33.0 mg, 0.1840 mmol) was dissolved in water (2.2 mL), wherein the total mass was 2612 mg, and the concentration of HMPA was 7.050×10−5 (mmol/mg, the nuclear magnetic shift of 31 P-NMR was 29.890 ppm)
The aqueous solution of HMPA was used as the internal standard to determine the phosphorus spectrum, and the content of AST-2660-D8-sodium salt was determined.
About 0.5 mL (488 mg) of the aqueous solution of AST-2660-D8-sodium salt prepared in Example 1 and the aqueous solution of HMPA (317 mg), which has been precisely weighed and formulated, were scanned for 64 times to determine the phosphorus spectrum (as shown in
The amount of HMPA was known to be 0.02235 mmol, and thus the amount of AST-2660-D8-sodium salt should be 0.005743 mmol which was calculated and obtained according to the integrated peak area ratio in the nuclear magnetic spectrum, and the concentration should be 1.177×10−5 mmol/mg, that is 1.177×10−2 mmol/g, and the corresponding mass content was 2.10 mg/g. Likewise, when the scanning was performed for 128, 256, and 512 times, the phosphorus spectra were shown in
The nuclear magnetic quantitative method in this example is relatively quick and simple, has acceptable accuracy within a certain range, and can replace the HPLC yield analysis method. If it is necessary to further improve the accuracy of quantification, the HPLC method should be used. The external standard method should be used for quantification, and the absolute content should be accurately quantified through the standard curve.
The LC-MS/MS methods of Example 5 and Example 7 are suitable for the detection of the low content of AST-2660-D8 and AST-2660, and their corresponding LC liquid phase methods (the corresponding MS/MS detectors are replaced with conventional Differential Detector, Electrospray Detector, Evaporative Light Scattering Detector) are also suitable for the detection of the constant content (mg/ml) of AST-2660 and AST-2660-D8.
This example is to study the stability of the sample solution by detecting the content of the aqueous solution of AST-2660-D8-sodium salt: 31P-NMR was used for detection, and the content of the aqueous solution of AST-2660-D8-sodium salt was characterized by comparing the area ratio of 31peak of HMPA as an internal standard to that of 31P peak of AST-2660-D8 sodium salt within 48 hours, thereby determining whether the mass of the sample solution was reduced as a result of degradation.
31P-NMR of the samples was run on an NMR instrument.
HMPA (21.8 mg, 0.1217 mmol) was dissolved in water (2.20 mL), wherein the total mass was 2127 mg, and the concentration of HMPA was 5.72×10−5 mmol/mg. A solution of AST-2660-D8-sodium salt (588 mg, about 0.5 mL) and a solution of HMPA (293 mg, 1.676×10−2 mmol) were mixed together as samples for 31 P-NMR analysis under −20° C. storage conditions at different times. The ratio of integrated peak area of the nuclear magnetic peak (about 29.874 ppm) for the corresponding HMPA to that of the nuclear magnetic peak (about 24.491 ppm) for AST-2660-D8-sodium salt in the nuclear magnetic spectrum was calculated, and the integrated peak of the nuclear magnetic peak for HMPA was set as 1.
According to the same operation, a sample with another concentration was formulated for detection, and 31P-NMR analysis was performed under −78° C. storage conditions at different times.
2. Stability Results During Storage at −20 to −78° C. for 48 hours
The samples were stored at −20, −78° C. for 48 hours, detected and recorded at 0 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 16 h, 24 h, 36 h, and 48 h, respectively. The results were shown in table 1 below.
Under −20° C. storage condition, the ratio of the peak area of 31P-NMR peak for HMPA to that of 31P-NMR peak for AST-2660-D8-sodium salt solution at 8/16/24/36/48 hours was stable in the range of 1:0.431:0.47. While under −78° C. storage condition, the ratio was stable in the range of 1:0.211:0.24. It can be considered therefore that: AST-2660-D8-sodium salt solution was stable when it was stored at −20 to −78° C. for 48 hours.
Representative spectra are shown in
The concentration of AST-2660-D8 sodium salt was determined to be 1.89 mg/mL at day 0 and 1.37 mg/mL after storage at −20° C. for 6 months using the method as described above. The concentration of AST-2660-D8 sodium salt was decreased by 27.5% within 6 months of storage.
The 31P-NMR spectrum after 6 months is shown in
The concentration of AST-2660-D8 sodium salt was determined to be 1.89 mg/mL at day 0 and 1.71 mg/mL after storage at −78° C. for 6 months using the method as described above. The concentration of AST-2660-D8 sodium salt was decreased by 9.5% within 6 months of storage. Comparatively speaking, the sample storage at −78° C. was more stable than storage at −20° C., and the degradation change was slower.
The 31P-NMR spectrum after 6 months is shown in
From the above stability test results, it can be seen that the sample solution for detecting the content of aqueous solution of AST-2660-D8 sodium salt was stable after storage at −20 to −78° C. for 2 days. When the aqueous solutions of AST-2660-D8 sodium salt were stored at −20° C. and −78° C. for 6 months, the concentrations thereof were decreased by 27.5% and 9.5%, respectively.
This example used deuterated internal standard (IS) AST-2660-D8 (prepared in Example 1) to quantitatively detect the metabolite AST-2660 (present in the form of sodium salt) comprising K2EDTA anticoagulant in human plasma, wherein the structural formula of AST-2660 is as follows:
The structure of the deuterated compound AST-2660-D8 sodium salt used is shown as below:
The following AST-2660 each refers to its sodium salt, and AST-2660-D8 also refers to its sodium salt.
The relevant parameters of the LC-MS/MS experimental method are provided.
AST-2660 (prepared by referring to Example 1 and selecting non-deuterated raw materials) standard stock solution (methanol solution with a concentration of 1.0 mg/ml): an appropriate amount of AST-2660 was taken, added with an appropriate amount of methanol, diluted and mixed thoroughly to obtain 1.0 mg/ml of solution.
A 100 μL standard stock solution of AST-2660 was taken, added with 9900 μL of methanol, diluted and mixed thoroughly to obtain 10.0 μg/ml of calibration standard working solution.
The standard working solution (SWS) and the blank matrix (diluent) were left to room temperature. The standard working solution was vortexed prior to use, in which the normal pooled human plasma comprising anticoagulant (K2EDTA) was used as diluent and blank matrix to prepare standard sample solutions with different concentrations for standard curve according to the table below.
AST-2660-D8 stock solution (50 μg/ml of AST-2660-D8 methanol solution): an appropriate amount of AST-2660-D8 reference substance was taken, added with an appropriate amount of methanol, diluted, and mixed thoroughly to obtain 50 μg/ml of solution. A 20 μL of internal standard stock solution of AST-2660-D8 was taken, added with 9980 μL methanol, diluted and mixed thoroughly to obtain 100 ng/ml of internal standard working solution.
AST-2660 quality control stock solution (1.0 mg/ml solution in methanol): an appropriate amount of AST-2660 reference substance was taken, added with an appropriate amount of methanol, diluted and mixed thoroughly to obtain 1.0 mg/ml of solution. 100 μL of AST-2660 QC stock solution and 9990 μL of methanol were taken to obtain 10.0 μg/ml of quality control working solution;
The normal pooled human plasma containing anticoagulant (K2EDTA) was used as a diluent, and was diluted according to the following table to prepare quality control samples with different concentrations.
The steps for extracting samples using protein precipitation method:
Parameters of AST-2660 standard curve in human plasma were as follows: slope: 0.063846, intercept: −0.003788, correlation coefficient 0.9939, then the relationship function y=f (x)=0.063846x−0.003788, where y represents the ratio of the peak area of metabolite II to that of internal standard compound, x represents the concentration of metabolite II in the standard working solution, LLOQ (the lower limit of quantification): 0.5 ng/ml, ULOQ (the upper limit of quantification): 200 ng/ml. As can be seen that the linear relationship was good in the linear range of 0.5200 ng/ml.
The accuracy and precision test results were shown in Table 7. It can be seen from Table 7 that the intra-assay and inter-assay precisions were both less than 8.3%, and the intra-assay and inter-assay accuracies were within ±8.7. The analytical criteria for accuracy and precision were as follows: for LLOQ QC samples, the intra-assay and inter-assay accuracy (RE) must be within ±20.0%, and intra-assay and inter-assay CV must be not greater than 20.0%. The intra-assay and inter-assay accuracy (RE) must be within ±15.0% for low, geometric mean, medium, high, and diluted QC (if applicable) samples; intra-assay and inter-assay precision (CV) must be not greater than 15.0% at each QC concentration level. Therefore, the intra-assay and inter-assay precisions and accuracies of the quality control samples met the requirements. The precision (%CV) of the internal standard AST-2660-D8 was less than or equal to 40.0%, which met the requirements.
It can be seen from Table 8 that the CVs of the extraction recovery of AST-2660 and the internal standard AST-2660-D8 were both less than 15.0%. Analytical criteria for extraction recovery: for post-extraction spiked samples, the CV of response measured at each concentration level must be no greater than 15.0%. Therefore, the extraction recoveries of AST-2660 and the internal standard AST-2660-D8 met the requirements.
According to the results in Table 9, it can be seen that the inter-assay matrix accuracy and precision (CV) of the matrix effect of AST-2660 were both less than 15%, which met the requirements.
It can be seen from Table 10 that the accuracy of the stability of the AST-2660 working solution and the internal standard AST-2660-D8 working solution was within ±8.1%, and the precision was less than 5.5%. Stability analysis criteria: the difference between the storage stable solution and the freshly prepared solution must be within ±10.0%, and the CV of each replicate experiment must not be greater than 10.0%. Therefore, both AST-2660 and AST-2660-D8 (internal standard) working solutions had good stability and met the requirements under various storage conditions.
The liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method established in this example for detecting AST-2660 in human plasma met the analysis requirements of biological sample: the sample processing method was simple and convenient; and this method had high sensitivity, precision, and accuracy.
The detection method established in example 4 was used to detect the content of AST-2660 in the human plasma to be tested.
The standard operating procedure (SOP) for detection established after the methodology and validation according to example 4 was as follows:
Matrix: the mixed normal human plasma containing anticoagulant (K2 EDTA)
The solution to be tested, the standard working solution and the quality control sample solution were thawed at room temperature and mixed uniformly. 100 μl of the above solution was respectively taken, added with 20 μl of the internal standard and 500 μl of methanol, and vortexed for 3 minutes to mix uniformly, and then centrifuged for 10 minutes at 2143 rcf. 450 μl of the supernatant was taken and dried, and 150 μl of methanol was added for redissolution, and sonicated. Then the plates were centrifuged for 3 minutes at 4° C. It was obtained by taking 200 μl of supernatant.
100 μl of the blank blood was taken, added with 20 μl of methanol and extracted with the same method to obtain the blank sample.
100 μl of the blank blood was taken, added with 20 μl of the internal standard working solution and extracted with the same method to obtain a zero-concentration sample.
After sample extraction and the addition of internal standard, the solution was injected into LC-MS/MS for detection in step 4.
Determination was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the following instrument test conditions were set up:
Liquid phase conditions: A SHARC 1, 3 μm, 2.1*50 mm or chromatograph column with equivalent performance was used; the mobile phase was a methanol solution comprising low content of ammonium acetate; the mobile phase B was acetonitrile; the gradient elution was performed according to the following table, column temperature: 20° C.; injection volume: 5 μl.
Mass spectrometric conditions: electrospray ion source with negative ion scanning mode; spray potential: −4500 V; ion source temperature: 500° C.; collision energy (CE): −22 eV; declustering potential (DP): −55V; entrance potential (EP): −10V; collision chamber exit potential (CXP): −16V; dwell time: 100 ms; high purity nitrogen was used for all gases; AST-2660 ions pairs: m/z 147.0→m/z 62.9; the internal standard AST-2660-D8 ion pairs: m/z 155.0→m/z 62.9.
The AST-2660 standard working solution, blank sample, zero concentration sample, sample solution to be tested and quality control sample solution with different concentrations after extraction were respectively taken and injected into LC-MS/MS for detection.
Acceptance criteria: the recovered concentration of the standard working solution, the accuracy of the quality control working solution and the peak residue of AST-2660 and the internal standard in the blank sample should meet the requirements in Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition), Vol. 4, 9012.
The prepared standard working solutions of metabolites II with different concentrations were absorbed and injected into the LC-MS/MS system for detection to obtain a relationship function y=f (x), wherein y represents the ratio of the peak area of the metabolite II to that of the internal standard compound, and x represents the concentration of the metabolite II in the standard working solutions.
Calculation results: the relationship function y=f (x) of the ratio of the peak area of the AST-2660 to that of the internal standard was obtained from AST-2660 standard working solutions with different concentrations. The ratio of the peak area of the AST-2660 to that of the internal standard was determined from the solution to be tested after extraction, and substituted into the relationship function y=f (x) to calculate the concentration of the metabolite II in the solution to be tested.
The relationship function was used to determine and calculate the concentration of the metabolite II in the solution to be tested with unknown concentration. The solution to be tested added with the internal standard compound with known content was absorbed and injected into the LC-MS/MS system for detection. The ratio y of the peak area of the metabolite II to that of the internal standard compound was determined and substituted into the function y=f (x) to obtain the concentration x of the metabolite II in the solution to be tested.
As an option, the order of the above SOP related operation steps was slighted changed to obtain the following operation SOP:
A biological sample solution to be tested was added with a quantitative internal standard compound and taken as a solution to be tested after extraction treatment;
A series of solutions of metabolite II with different concentrations were obtained by diluting a metabolite II reference substance, added with the quantitative internal standard compound and taken as a standard working solution after extraction treatment; the series of standard working solutions were absorbed, respectively, injected into an LC-MS/MS system for detection to obtain the peak area of the metabolite II and the internal standard compounds, the ratio of the peak area of the metabolite II to that of the internal standard compounds was taken as an ordinate and the concentration of the metabolite II was taken as an abscissa to draw a standard curve and calculate a regression equation;
The solution to be tested was absorbed, and injected into the LC-MS/MS system for detection; the ratio of the peak area of the metabolite II to that of the deuterated compound I in the solution to be tested was determined, substituted into the regression equation to obtain the content of the metabolite II in the biological sample solution to be tested.
The solutions with the same concentration were prepared by using containers with the same volume according to the habits of laboratory operators using the above changed SOP. This operation only needs to ensure that the volume of the solution added was the same, and the obtained standard working solution was still with the same concentration.
Some of the samples were detected using the operating procedures for the detection of AST-2660 content in human plasma provided in this example. The results were shown in Tables 12-16 below.
Obviously, the human plasma containing AST-2660 had almost no reduction in AST-2660 content after 28 days of storage at −70° C., whereas it was reduced significantly at −20° C. Therefore, the human plasma samples containing AST-2660 should be stored at −70° C. as much as possible, under such condition the samples had no changes after 28 days of storage.
aFreeze-thaw cycle stability samples were first frozen at nominal temperature of −20° C. and −70° C. for at least 24 hours and then thawed at room temperature. Samples were frozen for at least 12 hours for subsequent cycles.
Obviously, the human plasma containing AST-2660 had almost no reduction in AST-2660 content during the freeze-thaw process from −70° C. to room temperature, while it was reduced significantly during the freeze-thaw process from −20° C. to room temperature; that is, according to the data in Table 12, it can be seen that the sharp temperature changes of the human plasma samples stored at −70° C. from the storage condition to room temperature for the experimental process did not affect the stability of AST-2660 in human plasma samples.
Obviously, it can be known from the data in Table 14 that the methanol solution of AST-2660-D8 has strong stability after being stored for 26 days under the same conditions as AST-2660 at −70° C.
Obviously, it can be known from the data in Table 15 that the content of the methanol solution of AST-2660 was stable after stored for 54 hours under conventional freezing conditions (a freezer commonly used in laboratories).
Obviously, according to the data in Table 16, the human plasma samples containing AST-2660 are not stable at room temperature. With the prolongation of the storage time, the content of AST-2660 in human plasma samples has been decreasing, which suggests that during the collection of human plasma samples in the relevant clinical patients, the collected plasma samples should be immediately stored in the above-mentioned experimentally verified low temperature environment: storage at −70° C. is the safest, and storage at −20° C. is also acceptable, and storage in the conventional refrigerator (4° C. to 0° C.) if the storage conditions are limited and should be transferred to the above-mentioned low temperature environment within 4 hours. During the transportation of samples to the DMPK sample testing center laboratory, the whole process of cold chain logistics (the temperature should be monitored during the whole process) should be used, wherein temperature should be selected to be below −20° C. or using dry ice for insulation.
According to the above experimental results, it can be known that:
Therefore, in the above operation SOP for blood samples, the blood samples should be stored in an environment below −20° C., preferably in an environment at −70° C. within 4 hours after collection and can be stored for 28 days at −70° C.; if the blood samples were treated according to the above-mentioned extraction, they should be refrigerated at the temperature of 4° C. or below and an injection detection should be completed within 54 hours in an environment at room temperature in laboratory; the results detected in compliance with these storage temperatures and times were reliable; otherwise, the results will be untrue and unreliable owing to changes in AST-2660 in the sample during storage.
In this example, the establishment steps of the detection method of AST-2660 in human urine were basically the same as those in Example 4, and the differences between them were only in that the matrix was different (human plasma in Example 4, human urine in this example) and the sample extraction steps were slightly different. The mixed normal human (no drug administration) urine containing the additive Na2HPO4·12H2O was used as diluent and matrix.
The steps for extracting samples using protein precipitation method:
Parameters of AST-2660 standard curve in human urine were as follows: slope: 0.001400, intercept: 0.000016, correlation coefficient 0.9982, then the relationship function y=f (x)=0.001400x+0.000016, where y represents the ratio of the peak area of metabolite II to that of internal standard compound, x represents the concentration of metabolite II in the standard working solution, LLOQ (the lower limit of quantification): 0.5 ng/ml, ULOQ (the upper limit of quantification): 200 ng/ml. As can be seen that the linear relationship was good in the linear range of 0.5200 ng/ml.
The accuracy and precision test results were shown in Table 17. It can be seen from Table 17 that the intra-assay and inter-assay precisions were both less than 15.5%, and the intra-assay and inter-assay accuracies were within ±11.4. The analytical criteria for accuracy and precision were as follows: for LLOQ QC samples, the intra-assay and inter-assay accuracy (RE) must be within ±20.0%, and intra-assay and inter-assay CV must be not greater than 20.0%. The intra-assay and inter-assay accuracy (RE) must be within ±15.0% for low, geometric mean, medium, high, and diluted QC (if applicable) samples; intra-assay and inter-assay precision (CV) must be not greater than 15.0% at each QC concentration level. Therefore, the intra-assay and inter-assay precisions and accuracies of the quality control samples met the requirements. The precision (%CV) of the internal standard AST-2660-D8 was less than or equal to 13.4%, which met the requirements.
According to the results in Table 18, it can be seen that the inter-assay matrix accuracy and precision (CV) of the matrix effect of AST-2660 were both less than 15%, which met the requirements.
It can be seen from Table 19 that the accuracy of the stability of AST-2660 working solution was within ±11.8%, and the precision was less than 11.5%. Stability analysis criteria: the difference between the storage stability solution and the freshly prepared solution must be within ±10.0%, and the CV of the each replicate experiment must not be greater than 15.0%. Therefore, AST-2660 working solution had good stability and met the requirements under various storage conditions.
The liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method established in this example for detecting AST-2660 in human urine met the analysis requirements of biological sample: the sample processing method is simple and convenient; and this method had high sensitivity, precision, and accuracy.
The detection method established in example 6 was used to detect the content of AST-2660 in the human urine to be tested.
The standard operating procedure (SOP) for detection established after the methodology and validation according to example 6 was as follows:
Matrix: the mixed normal human urine containing an additive Na2HPO4·12H2O.
The solution to be tested, the standard working solution and the quality control sample solution were thawed at room temperature and mixed uniformly. 100 μl of the above solution was respectively taken, added with 20 μl of the internal standard and 500 μl of methanol, and vortexed for 3 minutes to mix uniformly, and then centrifuged for 30 minutes at 2143 rcf. 450 μl of supernatant was taken, and then centrifuged for 10 minutes in a 96-well plate at 2143 rcf. It was obtained by taking 300 μl of supernatant.
100 μl of the blank human urine was taken, added with 20 μl of methanol and extracted with the same method to obtain the blank sample.
100 μl of the blank human urine was taken, added with 20 μl of the internal standard working solution and extracted with the same method to obtain the zero-concentration sample.
After sample extraction and the addition of internal standard, the solution was injected into LC-MS/MS for detection in step 4.
Determination was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the following instrument test conditions were set up:
Liquid phase conditions: A SHARC 1, 3 μm, 2.1*50 mm or chromatograph column with equivalent performance was used; methanol solution containing low content of ammonium acetate was used; mobile phase B was acetonitrile; the gradient elution was performed according to the following table; column temperature: 20° C.; injection volume: 5 μl.
Mass spectrometric conditions: electrospray ion source with negative ion scanning mode; spray potential: −4500 V; ion source temperature: 500° C.; collision energy (CE): −22 eV; declustering potential (DP): −55V; entrance potential (EP): −10V; collision chamber exit potential (CXP): −16V; dwell time: 100 ms; high purity nitrogen was used for all gases; AST-2660 ions pairs: m/z 147.0→m/z 62.9; the internal standard AST-2660-D8 ion pairs: m/z 155.0→m/z 62.9.
The AST-2660 standard working solution, blank sample, zero concentration sample, solution to be tested and quality control working solution with different concentrations after extraction were respectively taken and injected into LC-MS/MS for detection.
Acceptance criteria: the recovered concentration of the standard working solution, and the accuracy of the quality control working solution and the peak residue of AST-2660 and the internal standard in the blank sample should meet the requirements in Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition), Vol. 4, 9012.
The prepared standard working solutions of metabolites II with different concentrations were absorbed and injected into the LC-MS/MS system for detection to obtain a relationship function y=f (x), wherein y represents the ratio of the peak area of the metabolite II to that of the internal standard compound, and x represents the concentration of the metabolite II in the standard working solutions;
Calculation results: the relationship function y=f (x) of the ratio of the peak area of AST-2660 to that of the internal standard was obtained from AST-2660 standard working solutions with different concentrations. The ratio of the peak area of AST-2660 to that of the internal standard was determined from the solution to be tested after extraction, and substituted into the relationship function y=f (x) to calculate the concentration of the metabolite II in the solution to be tested.
The relationship function was used to determine and calculate the concentration of the metabolite II in the solution to be tested with unknown concentration. The solution to be tested added with the internal standard compound with known content was absorbed and injected into the LC-MS/MS system for detection. The ratio y of the peak area of the metabolite II to that of the internal standard compound was determined and substituted into the function y=f (x) to obtain the concentration x of the metabolite II in the solution to be tested.
As an option, the order of the above SOP related operation steps was slighted changed to obtain the following operation SOP:
A biological sample solution to be tested was added with a quantitative internal standard compound and taken as a solution to be tested after extraction treatment;
A series of solutions of metabolite II with different concentrations were obtained by diluting a metabolite II reference substance, added with the quantitative internal standard compound and taken as a standard working solution after extraction treatment; the series of standard working solutions were absorbed, respectively, injected into an LC-MS/MS system for detection to obtain the peak area of the metabolite II and the internal standard compounds, the ratio of the peak area of the metabolite II to that of the internal standard compounds was taken as an ordinate and the concentration of the metabolite II was taken as an abscissa to draw a standard curve and calculate a regression equation;
The solution to be tested was absorbed, and injected into the LC-MS/MS system for detection; the ratio of the peak area of the metabolite II to that of the deuterated compound I in the solution to be tested was determined, substituted into the regression equation to obtain the content of the metabolite II in the biological sample solution to be tested.
The solutions with the same concentration were prepared by using containers with the same volume according to the habits of laboratory operators using the above changed SOP. This operation only needs to ensure that the volume of the added solution was the same, and the obtained standard working solution was still with the same concentration.
Some of the samples were detected using the operating procedures for the detection of AST-2660 content in human urine provided in this example. The results were shown in Tables 21-24 below.
Obviously, the human urine containing AST-2660 had almost no reduction in AST-2660 content after 32 days of storage at −70° C., whereas it was reduced by nearly 90% at −20° C. Therefore, the human urine samples containing AST-2660 must be stored at −70° C., under such conditions the samples stored for 32 days were still stable.
aFreeze-thaw cycle stability samples were first frozen at nominal temperatures of −20° C. and −70° C. for at least 24 hours and then thawed at room temperature. Samples were frozen for at least 12 hours for subsequent cycles.
Obviously, the human urine containing AST-2660 had almost no reduction in AST-2660 content during the freeze-thaw process from −70° C. to room temperature, while it was reduced by nearly 90% during the freeze-thaw process from −20° C. to room temperature; that is, according to the data in Table 22, it can be seen that the sharp temperature changes of the samples in human plasma stored at −70° C. from the storage condition to room temperature for the experimental process did not affect the stability of AST-2660 in human plasma samples.
As can be seen from Table 23, the treated human urine samples containing AST-2660 were stable for 94 hours at room temperature.
As can be seen from Table 24, the untreated human urine samples containing AST-2660 were stable for 24 hours at room temperature. According to the above experimental results, it can be known that:
Therefore, in the above operation SOP for urine samples, the urine samples should be stored at −70° C. within 24 hours, preferably within 4 hours, after collection and can be stored for 32 days at −70° C.; if treated, the injection detection should be completed within 94 hours at room temperature or below; the results detected in compliance with these storage temperatures and times were reliable, otherwise, the results will be untrue and unreliable owing to changes in AST-2660 in the sample during storage.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 202111346190.9 | Nov 2021 | CN | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2021/133645 | 11/26/2021 | WO |
