This application claims priority from South African provisional patent application number 2018/05723 filed on 28 Aug. 2018, which is incorporated by reference herein.
This invention relates to a housing unit for a load carrier. It finds particular, although by no means exclusive, use with load carriers such as pallets, crates, boxes and containers.
Supply chain management and logistics management is constantly evolving to provide better and more efficient control, monitoring and auditing of goods as they progress through the supply chain. As a result, load carriers are often provided with electronic circuitry to enable the identification and tracking of individual loads as well as the monitoring of the conditions to which the load is subjected.
For example, the electronic circuitry may include a radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag or a near-field communication (NFC) tag to allow a load carrier to be uniquely identified. The electronic circuitry may further include a satellite positioning module, such as a global positioning system module, to allow the electronic circuitry to determine its own location and thus that of the load carrier. Sensors, such as humidity sensors, temperature sensors and accelerometers, may also be included in the electronic circuitry to log and report the conditions to which the load is subjected. Radio frequency communication modules may further be included to enable remote communication with the electronic circuitry and microprocessors to control and interrogate the above-mentioned, and other, components. A source of power, such as a battery, may be provided for energising the electronic circuitry and its associated components.
The electronic circuitry needs to be attached or otherwise secured to the load carrier in a manner that preserves the integrity of the circuitry and resists tampering therewith. High quality load carriers, such as plastic pallets, may have lifespans exceeding 10 years. Maintenance, upgrade, or replacement of the electronic circuitry and firmware executing thereon may be required during the lifespan of the load carrier. Therefore, access to the electronic circuitry may be required from time to time.
The applicant considers there to be room for improvement in this regard.
The preceding discussion of the background to the invention is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the present invention. It should be appreciated that the discussion is not an acknowledgment or admission that any of the material referred to was part of the common general knowledge in the art as at the priority date of the application.
In accordance with a first aspect of this invention there is provided a housing unit comprising a sleeve defining a chamber, and a capsule arranged to house an electronic device therein, the capsule being shaped and configured to be received in the chamber; wherein the sleeve and capsule have cooperating securing formations arranged to enable the capsule to be releasably secured within the chamber, and wherein the sleeve is shaped and configured to enable the sleeve to fit into a cavity in a load carrier.
Further features provide for the securing formations to include a female securing formation and a complementary male securing formation that are configured to be mated to each another; and for one of the male and female securing formations to be associated with the sleeve and for the other to be associated with the capsule.
In one exemplary embodiment, the securing formation is a bayonet mount. In an alternative exemplary embodiment, the male securing formation is a sloped tooth-like protrusion and the female securing formation is a spring-loaded catch having an aperture arranged to catch onto an edge of the tooth-like protrusion when the capsule is received in the chamber. In a yet further alternative exemplary embodiment the securing formation is screw thread.
Further features provide for the sleeve to form a friction fit within the cavity in the load carrier; for the sleeve to include one or more gripping structures arranged to enhance the friction fit; for the gripping structures to include one or more gripping projections extending outwardly therefrom; for the gripping projections to be barbs arranged to resist removal of the sleeve from the cavity; and for the gripping structure to be an elongate gripper plate with gripping projections spaced along the plate.
A still further feature provides for an outer end of the capsule to be flush with an open end of the chamber when removably secured therein.
Further features provide for the outer end of the capsule to have a slot or keyhole defined therein to enable the use of a tool or key to facilitate the removable securing of the capsule in the chamber In one embodiment the slot or keyhole is operable with the use of a tool or key to secure the capsule in the sleeve. In another embodiment, the slot or keyhole is operable with the use of a tool or key to release the capsule from the sleeve.
Further features provide for the housing unit to include a tamper indication mechanism arranged to enable detection of one or both of removal of the capsule from the sleeve and insertion of the capsule into the sleeve.
Further features provide for the tamper indication mechanism to include a tamper-evident locking member arranged to fit into the outer end of the capsule; for the tamper-evident locking member to be configured to seat in the slot defined in the outer end of the capsule; and for the tamper-evident locking member to include a magnet to enable an electronic device held in the capsule to detect the removal of the locking member based on a detected magnetic field as a precursor to the removal of the capsule from the sleeve.
Alternative features provide for the tamper indication mechanism to include a magnet located in the sleeve arranged to enable a sensor housed in the capsule to detect one or both of removal of the capsule from the sleeve and insertion of the capsule into the sleeve based on a detected magnetic field.
Further features provide for the housing unit to include a spring that is interposed between an inner end of the chamber and the capsule when the capsule is secured in the chamber; for the spring to be secured to the inner end of the chamber; and for the spring to be configured to at least partially push the capsule outwardly from the chamber when the securing formation is disengaged.
Further features provide for the load carrier to be selected from the group consisting of a pallet, skid, crate, and intermediate bulk container; and for the cavity of the load carrier to be formed by strengthening ribs in the body of the load carrier.
Still further features provide for the electronic device to be battery powered; for the electronic device to be an electronic monitoring device; for the electronic monitoring device to have a unique identifier; for the electronic monitoring device to be configured to monitor one or more members of the group consisting of ambient temperature, humidity, acceleration, latitude and longitude, elevation, speed, and tamper events; and for the electronic monitoring device to be configured to log monitoring data and/or to report monitoring data to a remote server.
In accordance with a second aspect of this invention there is provided a sleeve for a housing unit as described above.
In accordance with a third aspect of this invention there is provided a capsule for a housing unit as described above.
In accordance with a fourth aspect of this invention there is provided a load carrier incorporating a housing unit as described above.
In accordance with a fifth aspect of this invention there is provided a method of retrofitting a housing unit to a load carrier, the method including:
Further features provide for the step of fitting the sleeve into the cavity in the load carrier to be preceded by the step of machining a cavity in the load carrier that is shaped to enable fitting of the sleeve therein.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the drawings:
Exemplary embodiments of a housing unit for a load carrier are disclosed below. The load carrier may be any load bearing support structure on which transported or shipped goods are carried. It finds particular application with pallets or skids, but may be used with other load carriers, including crates and containers or intermediate bulk containers. It furthermore finds particular application with plastic load carriers, such as moulded plastic pallets and skids.
The housing unit includes a sleeve which, in use, forms the external framework for the housing unit. The sleeve has an internal chamber that is complementarily formed to receive a storage capsule therein and to removably secure the capsule in the chamber. The capsule may be secured in the chamber with a bayonet mount, but any suitable method may be utilised to removably secure the capsule in the chamber, for example with complementary screw thread in the chamber and on the capsule.
The sleeve is arranged and dimensioned to fit into a cavity in the load carrier. Moulded plastic pallets or skids, for example, make use of strengthening ribs to reduce the material and weight of the load carrier while preserving the same load-bearing capacity. The cavity may therefore be provided by the space between these strengthening ribs. In a preferred embodiment the cavity in the load carrier is in one of the support columns or “fins” of the load carrier, typically at a corner thereof.
The capsule may be configured to securely enclose an electronic device therein. The term “electronic device” should be interpreted widely and may include ambient condition sensors, tracking devices, identification devices, data loggers, and the like. To enable radio frequency (RF) communication with the electronic device, the sleeve and the capsule may be manufactured from a polymer material that attenuates the RF signals as little as possible. The capsule may protect the electronic device from the ingress of dust and moisture. The electronic device may be configured to monitor various conditions and will be referred to as an electronic monitoring device in the exemplary embodiment described below.
The sleeve may be arranged to form a friction fit with the walls of the cavity. This may be facilitated by means of a close tolerance between the dimensions of the cavity and the sleeve. The friction fit may be enhanced by, for example, a rough external surface on the sleeve, or with protruding elements that grip into the material surrounding the cavity. However, the external surface of the housing may alternatively, for example, be provided with a resiliently deformable material that compresses when the sleeve is installed into the cavity of the load carrier and thereby provides resistance against the removal of the sleeve from the cavity.
When secured in the chamber of the sleeve, an outer end of the capsule, that is the opposite end to the one inserted into the chamber, may be flush with an open end of the sleeve. The outer end of the capsule may have a slot defined therein. This may enable an operator to use a tool, such as a coin or screwdriver, to secure or remove the capsule since a twisting action may be required, particularly in the case of a bayonet mount or screw fit. This process may also be automated, in which case a robotic arm may insert the capsule into the chamber of the sleeve and secure the capsule therein.
The sleeve (10) defines a central chamber (11) extending longitudinally into the sleeve (10). The chamber (11) is surrounded by a first, ribbed section (12) immediately extending from an open end (13) of the chamber. The ribbed section (12) has spaced apart, parallel ribs (14) extending radially from the sleeve (10) and defines the generally rectangular cross-sectional shape of the sleeve.
A second, exposed section (15) is provided at the longitudinal end opposite the ribbed section (12). The exposed section (15) mainly comprises two spaced apart and parallel wall sections (16). A transverse member (17) connects the two wall sections (16) and is provided at the end opposite the open end (13) of the chamber. In use, the exposed section (15) is located at the operatively inner, blind end (18) of the chamber (11). The exposed section (15) therefore reveals a portion of the chamber toward the blind end (18) of the chamber (11). A spiral compression spring (19) is secured centrally in the chamber (11) against the transverse member (17) extending toward the open end (13) of the chamber, the functioning of which will be explained below.
The sleeve (10) includes a pair of elongate gripper plates (20) extending radially from opposite sides of the sleeve, each gripper plate defines a row of barbs (21) spaced about an outermost edge of each gripper plate. The gripper plates (20) serve to increase the grip of the friction fit between the sleeve (10) and a load carrier when installed therein.
The housing unit (1) furthermore includes a capsule (30), with a generally cylindrical shape. As shown more clearly on
Referring again to
The electronic device (32) contained in the capsule (30) may have a magnetically sensitive component provided thereon that is arranged to detect the presence (or absence) of the magnet (44) on the tamper-evident tab (40). This may allow the electronic device (32) to log an event on local memory and/or send a distress signal to a remote server, indicating that a tamper event has taken place. By including information in the distress signal to uniquely identify the particular load carrier, and optionally its own latitude and longitude position, it may allow an operator to rapidly intervene.
The tabs (35, 36) of the capsule (30) perform a secondary role, in that they also form the male side of the bayonet mount that removably secures the capsule (30) to the sleeve (10). The sleeve (10) has corresponding diametrically opposing cut-outs or slots (22) at the opening of its chamber (11) and along its inner length that form the female part of the bayonet mount. To secure the capsule (30) in the chamber (11) of the sleeve (10), the capsule tabs (35, 36) are aligned with the complementary shaped cut-outs (22) at the opening of the chamber (11) and the capsule (30) is then inserted into the chamber until the inserted end of the capsule abuts the spring (19) at the far end of the sleeve (10). At this point, the capsule (30) will be contained in the chamber (11), but with the outer, slotted end slightly protruding from the sleeve (10).
To fully insert the capsule (30) into the sleeve (10) and to releasably secure the capsule therein, a user must apply axial force on the capsule to overcome the force of the spring (19). While applying this axial force, the user must then twist the capsule (30) to operate the bayonet mount and locate the capsule tabs (35, 36) in the capsule's secured position (see
The sleeve (10) is installed in the cavity (51) by simply press-fitting it into the cavity (see also
While a bayonet-type mount is described in the one embodiment above for removably securing the capsule to the sleeve, it is conceivable that other mechanisms may be used, such as a screw thread arrangement. The bayonet mount arrangement may also be reversed, with projections provided in the chamber and corresponding slots provided in the capsule. The capsule may have quick-access apertures, optionally protected with ingress-protective plugs, to enable data exchange with the electronic monitoring device without requiring removal of the capsule from the sleeve. The embodiment depicted in the figures includes the pair of gripper plates, however it is envisaged that embodiments are possible that only use one gripper plate or where no gripper plates are necessary and the sleeve is simply press-fitted, glued or otherwise secured into the cavity in the load carrier. It will further be appreciated that the magnetically sensitive component provided on the electronic device contained in the capsule may alternatively be any suitable sensor for sensing the presence (or absence) of the tamper-evident tab which may comprise a suitable transmitter for that purpose.
The sleeve (110) has a generally cylindrical overall shape. The sleeve (110) defines a central chamber (111) extending longitudinally into the sleeve (110) and has an open end (113) and an opposite blind end (118). The chamber (111) has longitudinally extending ribs (112) along an outer periphery immediately extending from an open end (113) of the chamber (111).
The sleeve (110) includes a pair of diametrically opposed barb-like gripping structures (120) extending radially outwardly from opposite sides of the sleeve. The gripping structures (120) project from a tensile arm (121) extending longitudinally along an outer periphery of the sleeve and serve to increase the grip of the friction fit between the sleeve (110) and a load carrier when installed therein. When the sleeve (110) is inserted into a cavity in a load carrier, the barb-like gripping structures (120) may press against the sides of the cavity and be urged radially inwardly against a bias of the tensile arms (121), thereby creating a radially outwardly directed force enhancing its grip within the cavity. It is also envisaged that the cavity in the load carrier into which the sleeve (110) is to be installed may have an indentation at a longitudinal position corresponding to that of the gripping structures (120). This may enable the barb-like gripping structures (120) to clip into these indentations when inserted into the cavity of the load carrier, thereby making the sleeve (110) resistant to removal from the load carrier.
The sleeve (110) is constructed from two mirror image halves (101, 102).
The housing unit (100) also includes an elongate capsule (130) that is shaped and configured to be received in the sleeve (110). The capsule (130) has substantially flat longitudinal ends, and tapers towards an end (132) that is operatively inserted into the sleeve (110). The capsule (130) has a hollow inner space (not shown) defining a storage area for holding electronic components, batteries, and the like.
A sloped tooth-like protrusion (134) is provided on opposite sides of the capsule (130) near the end (132) that is operatively inserted into the sleeve (110). Each tooth-like protrusion (134) slopes radially outwardly and terminates in a protruding edge (135). This forms the male part of the securing formation that operatively secures the capsule (130) within the sleeve (110).
The sleeve (110) has two diametrically opposed spring-loaded catches (109) having an aperture shaped and configured to clip over the edge (135) of the corresponding tooth-like protrusion (134) of the capsule (130) when the capsule is inserted into the sleeve. This releasably secures the capsule (130) in the sleeve (110). The catches (109) form the female part of the securing formation that operatively secures the capsule (130) within the sleeve (110). To remove the capsule (130) from the sleeve (110) a tool may be utilised to urge the catches a sufficient distance radially outwardly to clear the edge (135) of each tooth-like protrusion (134), allowing the capsule (130) to be extracted.
In the present embodiment, a magnet (not shown) may be located in the sleeve (110). Similarly as the first embodiment, an electronic device (not shown) contained in the capsule (130) may have a magnetically sensitive component provided thereon, such as a hall-effect sensor, that is arranged to detect the presence or absence of the magnet's magnetic field, corresponding to the presence or absence of the capsule (130) in the sleeve (110).
In some embodiments, the housing unit may be configured for a particular load carrier, for a range of load carriers, or at least for a load carrier having a particular cavity size. A load carrier may be supplied with the housing unit pre-installed or at least partially pre-installed in a load carrier.
It will be appreciated that the exemplary embodiments of a housing unit described above is for illustration purposes only and the size, shape and configuration may differ between different embodiments while still remaining within the scope of the invention. For example, a particular load carrier (a pallet, say), may have a round or honeycomb-like structure for structural reinforcement. The housing unit may then have a round or hexagonal profile, as the case may be, to enable it to be received in the cavities of the particular load carrier. The overall length of the housing unit, and thus the sleeve and capsule, may vary to adapt to different load carriers, but also to accommodate different electronic monitoring devices.
In other embodiments an appropriate cavity may have to be machined into the load carrier, possibly as part of a method of retrofitting the load carrier with a housing unit (1, 100) as described above.
A sleeve (10, 110) is provided (204) that is fitted (206) in the cavity of the load carrier. A capsule (30, 130) is provided (208) that is shaped and configured to be received in a chamber (11, 111) of the sleeve (10, 110). As a prior step, an electronic device may be commissioned and housed in the capsule (30, 130). The capsule (30, 130) is then inserted (210) into and received by the sleeve (10, 110), and corresponding male and female securing formations of the sleeve and capsule (30, 130), respectively, engage to releasably secure (212) the capsule in the sleeve.
The invention disclosed herein therefore provides a secure, lightweight housing unit for a load carrier and enables electronic monitoring devices to be held therein, whilst still allowing regular authorised access to the electronics for replacement, repair or upgrade, as the case may be. The electronic monitoring device may be protected by the housing unit from liquid or dust ingress, protected from impact damage and may reduce detection of the device by nefarious individuals. Furthermore, in some embodiments no physical modification of may be required if the particular load carrier has pre-existing cavities in which the sleeve may fit. For load carriers that do not have pre-existing cavities, or which are not suited for receiving the sleeve, the relevant load carrier may be retrofitted with a housing unit after machining of a suitable cavity therein.
Throughout the specification unless the contents requires otherwise the word ‘comprise’ or variations such as ‘comprises’ or ‘comprising’ will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or group of integers but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2018/05723 | Aug 2018 | ZA | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/IB2019/057255 | 8/28/2019 | WO | 00 |