Patent Application
20220248946
This application claims priority from EP19187833, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
This invention relates to a scope and more particularly to a medical scope such as an otoscope or an endoscope for examining and surgically treating ears.
Medical devices of various types are employed to examine and perform surgery on ears. For example, endoscopes and otoscopes (hereinafter referred to collectively as scopes) are instruments which are held against the eye to view and magnify the subject. These instruments have evolved with the addition of a camera so that the subject is viewed using a computer monitor or a video display.
Recurrent acute otitis media, otitis media with effusion, chronic secretory/suppurative otitis media continues to impact quality of life for millions of patients world-wide. Hearing loss, complications of inflammation and complications of treatment are daily challenges and, as a result, patients with these conditions (children and adults) frequently require invasive ear surgery. As ears are wrapped in dense bone, surgical access and visualization are essentials for safe ear surgery.
In traditional ear surgery, microscopic visualization is employed with a dynamic bi-manual surgical technique. However, a major disadvantage of this approach is the narrow field of view looking down into the ear canal which can lead to poorer visualization of disease in difficult to access areas in the middle ear, such as the sinus tympani and facial recess.
In order to improve the field of view, it is often necessary to expose the middle ear and attic area by performing a mastoidectomy. However, mastoidectomy procedures are associated with increased operating times, more serious complications, longer hospital stays and protracted recovery for patients.
In addition, trans canal surgery is generally performed through a speculum by looking through the microscope and using specialized instruments resulting in a narrow field of view.
Moreover, due to the large size of the microscopic equipment employed in ear surgeries, negative ergonomic issues arise—the surgeon is forced into an extended position due to the size of the operating microscope which can compromise the dexterity required of the surgeon during surgical procedures.
In addition, when using a traditional analogue otoscopes or endoscopes, the human eye is effectively the image sensor utilizing the magnification provided by the otoscope/endoscope optics. Accordingly, when the otoscope/endoscope is reoriented or rotated in the ear canal the image observed remains oriented with respect to the user (independent of the otoscope/endoscope). However, with a video otoscope or endoscope the image sensor is located on the scope. Accordingly, when the scope is reoriented or rotated (perhaps for the comfort of the patient) the image observed also reorients or rotates which can result in disorientation of the user.
Moreover, in use, tissue can frequently adhere to scopes which can obscure vision with the result that the scope must regularly be removed from a subject's ear during surgery for cleaning which interrupts and prolongs the surgical procedure.
Overall, difficulties are encountered by surgeons visualising and focusing on the internal structures of the ear during surgery using known scopes in which the ability to accurately focus the scope and orient the scope for optimal viewing is absent.
Moreover these same problems occur in all types of surgery in all areas of the body, the scope can also be used visualise interior structures of the body in any part of the body, for example such as those seen in surgeries and procedures such as laparoscopy, Ureteroscopy arthroscopy, FESS Sinus Surgery, Neurosurgery and spine surgery and Gastro Intestinal Surgery.
An object of the invention is to overcome at least some of the problems of the prior art.
According to a first aspect, there is provided a scope for examining an internal part of the ear, the scope comprising: a probe formed by an elongate probe body for insertion into the internal ear structure; and a camera comprising an image sensor located within a housing; wherein the housing is rotatably coupled to a distal end of the probe body whereby the camera is rotatable relative to the probe body.
The housing forms part of the camera so that rotation of the housing causes a corresponding rotation of the camera. Any reference herein to rotation of the housing can be interpreted as providing corresponding rotation of the camera.
An outer surface of the rotatable camera may form an outer exposed surface of the scope. The outer surface is exposed during use.
The image sensor may be arranged to visualise through the outer surface of the rotatable camera which forms the outer exposed surface of the scope. The outer surface of the rotatable camera through which the image sensor may be arranged to visualise may be spaced apart from the probe body to maintain clearance between them and allow relative movement between them, wherein the camera is preferably arranged to rotate 360 degrees about its rotational axis
At least a portion of the camera may be disposed distally beyond the distal end of the probe body.
The probe body may comprise one or more tabs supporting the housing extending in a distal direction from the distal end of the probe body.
The one or more tabs may comprise a pair of tabs. The pair of tabs may be opposed to each other about a central longitudinal axis of the probe body. An axis of rotation about which the housing can rotate may extend between the tabs.
At least one distally-opening notch may be defined between the pair of tabs. The at least one notch may form a cut-out portion of the distal end of the probe body relative to the tabs. This allows the range of view of the camera to be increased. Specifically, the notches may be arranged to allow the camera to have an unblocked field of view having a viewing angle pointing in a direction having a proximal component (e.g. greater than perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the probe, in a direction back towards the proximal end of the probe).
A pair of notches may be defined on opposing sides of the probe body between the pair of tabs, the notches being mutually aligned on an axis that is substantially perpendicularly to the axis of rotation.
A portion of the camera may extend distally beyond the portion of the probe body formed by the notch or notches.
The one or more tabs may comprise a single tab, the single tab being arranged to support the camera in a cantilever arrangement along the axis of rotation of the camera.
The housing may be rotatably coupled to the one or more tabs via respective one or more axis pins extending along an axis of rotation of the housing. e.g. each tab has a corresponding axis pin.
Each of the one or more axis pins may originate in the camera and terminate in a receptacle on the respective tab. Alternatively each of the axis pins originate in the respective tab and terminate in a receptacle in the camera housing. The arrangement of pins and receptacles may be reversed so that each may be provided on the camera or probe.
Each axis pin may comprise an electrical contact electrically coupled to the image sensor within the housing for delivering power to the image sensor.
The image sensor may be configured to generate image data and wherein the generated image data is transmitted via at least one of the axis pins. Electrical power and image data may be transmitted by the same one of the axis pins.
The probe may be configured to wirelessly transmit power to the camera. The probe may comprise one or more near field wireless power transmission components (e.g. one or more induction coils), and the camera comprises one or more corresponding near field receiving components (e.g. one or more induction coils), arranged to transfer power between each other.
One of the one or more near field power transmission/receiving components may be located in at least one of the one or more axis pins, and at least one corresponding wireless power transmission/receiving component is located in the respective receptacle for the axis pin or pins. e.g. in the camera or the respective tab. This arrangement is to prevent the possible contact of fluid with components which could carry electrical power.
The near field wireless power transmission/receiving components are further arranged to transmit data between the probe and the camera in addition to electrical power.
The scope may further comprise a data cable coupled to the camera.
The image sensor may be configured to generate image data. The generated image data may be transmitted via the cable.
The probe body may comprise an inner channel.
The inner channel may form an open mouth at its distal end for holding the camera, wherein the housing is partially received within the open mouth.
The scope may further comprise one or more self-cleaning modules. At least one of the self-cleaning modules may comprises a cleaning element, wherein the camera is rotatable relative to the cleaning element. This allows the cleaning element to clean the outer surface of the camera that is exposed during used.
The cleaning element may be positioned proximally relative to the camera. The cleaning element may have another suitable position relative to the camera including being positioned distally relative to the camera.
The cleaning element of the or each cleaning module may be fixed in position by attachment to the probe, and is arranged to engage with the rotatable camera at any point along the camera circumference as defined by its rotation axis.
At least one of the self-cleaning modules may comprise a cleaning element that is movable relative to the probe, the movable cleaning element preferably being a rotational element such as a brush, and wherein the movable cleaning element is optionally rotated independently or in communication with a camera orienting mechanism.
The cleaning element may be disposed within the inner channel of the probe body.
The cleaning element may be offset laterally with respect to the camera (e.g. offset in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the probe body).
The cleaning element may be disposed between the pair of tabs.
The camera may be fitted with an optical configuration comprising a lens and wherein the image sensor is configured to generate image data from light received through the lens.
The optical configuration may further comprises a window forming part of the housing, the window aligned with the image sensor and the lens such that an optical path is defined between the image sensor and the window, the optical path extending through the lens.
A fluid filled gap may be defined between an inner surface of the window and an outer surface of the lens. The fluid filled gap may be an air filled gap.
The optical configuration may further comprise a focusing mechanism for focussing the lens. The focusing mechanism may provide relative movement between the lens and image sensor.
The focusing mechanism may comprise a memory metal component configured to focus the lens.
The focusing mechanism is electromechanically operated, and preferably comprises a microelectromechanical system.
The focusing mechanism may comprise a focusing lens, and may be arranged to vibrate the focusing lens or the image sensor to provide relative movement between them so that the distance between the focusing lens and the image sensor varies. The scope, or a data processing system coupled to the scope, may be arranged to sample the resulting image data to generate focused images. The image data may be sampled by selecting frames corresponding to a desired focal point along the range of motion of the lens.
The vibratable focusing lens/image sensor may be used to provide cleaning of an outer surface of the camera (e.g. the lens or window). The focusing mechanism may be selectively mechanically coupled to the outer surface of the camera by a switchable damper. The damper may be switchable between a damping condition in which vibration of the focusing mechanism is damped, and a locked condition in which vibration of the focusing mechanism is transmitted to the outer surface of the camera.
The focusing mechanism may be arranged to vibrate the focusing lens/image sensor at a frequency that is approximately the same as the resonant frequency of the outer lens or window of the camera. The focusing mechanism may be arranged to switch the frequency of vibration of the focusing lens and/or image sensor between a first frequency which is different from the resonant frequency of the lens or window of the camera and a second frequency that is approximately the same as the resonant frequency of the outer lens or window.
The vibration of the focusing lens/image sensor may be arranged to generate a cleaning air flow across the lens or window of the camera. The camera may comprise one or more vents. The vents may be arranged to provide a stream of air generated by pressure changes within the camera resulting from the vibration of the focusing lens/image sensor. The vents may be arranged adjacent the lens or window forming the outer surface of the camera. The vents may be formed by through holes extending through the lens or window forming the outer surface of the camera.
The camera may comprise a plurality of movable cleaning members in the form of cilia extending from the outer surface of the camera. For example, from an outer surface of the lens or window through which light is transmitted into the camera.
The cilia may be arranged to move relative to the outer surface of the camera to move debris across its surface away from the field of field of the image sensor.
The probe may comprise a plurality of movable cleaning members arranged on a surface of the probe body adjacent the camera. The movable cleaning members may be arranged to move relative to the probe body to move debris across the surface of the probe body. The plurality of movable cleaning members may be in the form of cilia. The probe may further comprise a suction system arranged to remove material collected by the cilia.
The probe body or camera may further comprise a cleaning fluid supply device arranged to provide a source of cleaning fluid to the movable cleaning members.
The camera may comprise a communication module configured to transmit and/or receive image data generated by the image sensor.
The communication module may be configured to transmit and/or receive image data at a frequency equal to or in excess of 2.4 GHz. The camera may be arranged to send raw image data from the image sensor wirelessly to the probe. The camera may comprise a processor and an RF unit in communication with an antenna. In this embodiment, the camera may not have an image processing electronics, thereby having minimal electronics for transmission of the image data from the probe to the camera. This allows the size of the camera to be minimised. In other embodiments, image processing may be provided in the camera.
The communication module on the probe may comprise a video processing unit to process the raw image data. The video processing unit may be arranged to compress the raw image data, preferably using an algorithm which is transmittable over a long distance or interpreted by a readily available software.
The camera communication module may be configured for wirelessly transmitting or receiving data to or from a communication module provided in the probe. The communication module provided in the probe may be less than 30 mm from the camera.
The camera wireless communication module may comprise an antenna system comprising an omnidirectional antenna (e.g. a monopole antenna) antenna and the probe communication module may comprise an antenna system comprising a single directional antenna.
The camera wireless communication module may comprise an antenna system comprising a monopole antenna and the probe communication module may comprise an antenna system comprising an omnidirectional antenna (e.g. a monopole antenna).
The camera wireless communication module may comprise an antenna system comprising two or more directional antenna having different orientations and the probe communication module may comprise an antenna system comprising a single directional antenna. The two or more single directional antenna provided in the camera may be selectively operated depending on the orientation of the camera relative to the probe. The two or more single directional antenna provided in the camera may be selectively operated depending on the orientation of the camera relative to the probe. The camera may be arranged to select the most advantageous antenna (e.g. the closest) to transmit the data to the probe using directional data sensed from within the camera. The camera may be arranged to switch off the other antennas apart from the most advantageous antenna.
The camera may be configured to transmit raw (i.e. unprocessed) image data from the camera to the probe via the wireless communication modules. This means that little or no image process takes place within the camera, and allows the camera to be made smaller.
The transmission distance between the antenna system of the probe and the antenna system of the camera may be less than 25 mm, preferably between 5-10 mm.
The scope may further comprise a light source incorporated into the camera.
The light source may be movable with the image sensor with respect to the probe body.
The probe may further comprise a light source for illuminating a field of view of the image sensor.
The scope may comprise an orientating mechanism configured to control the rotational movement of the housing relative to the probe body.
The orientating mechanism may comprise a belt orienting mechanism. The belt orienting mechanism may comprising a drive belt coupled to a drive shaft positioned at a proximal end of the probe and a driven shaft acting on the housing.
The drive belt may be wrapped around the drive shaft and/or the driven shaft at least twice.
The drive shaft may be operatively coupled to a stepper motor for rotating the drive shaft.
The orientating mechanism may comprise at least one cable coupled to two attachment points on a distal side of the housing, the attachment points being mutually opposed about an axis of rotation of the housing.
The orienting mechanism may comprise a first cable arranged to provide rotation of the camera in a first direction and a second cable arranged to provide rotation in a second direction about the rotational axis. The first and second cables may be connected to or within the camera (so that they extend from a point on the outer surface of the camera) and extend in opposite directions about the rotational axis of the camera around the housing of the camera.
The at least one cable or first and second cables may enter the camera at the same point on its circumference as defined by the rotation axis, preferably in different planes (e.g. normal to the rotational axis) relative to each other.
The cable or cables may be configured to provide rotation in excess of 175 degrees in either direction around the rotational axis of the camera from a centre position in which the image sensor points in a distal direction along a longitudinal axis of the probe.
The first cable may extend around a first side of the camera and the second cable extends around a second side of the camera, wherein the first cable extends from a channel in the probe body that is located on the side of the probe body corresponding to the second side of the camera, and wherein the second cable extends from a channel in the probe body that is located on the side of the probe body corresponding to the first side of the camera.
The first and second cables may extend from the same point on the camera (i.e. the same point around the circumference of the camera relative to the rotational axis.). The first and second cables may extend from the distal side of the camera (e.g. they may extend from the most distal point of the camera/housing when it is in an un-rotated, zero degree, position with the image sensor point in the distal direction along the longitudinal axis of the probe body).
The first cable may extend from a point on the camera on a first side relative to the rotational axis and extend around the camera around an opposing second side of the camera. The second cable may extend from a point on the second side and extend around the first side in the opposite direction. This may allow 360 degree rotation of the camera about the rotational axis.
The at least one cable or cables (first and second cables) in the preceding statements may be electrically connected to the image sensor within the housing so as to deliver electrical power to the image sensor.
The at least one cable or cables (first and second cables) in the preceding statements may be connected to the image sensor so as to transmit image data generated by the image sensor. They may carry both electrical power and data.
This may allow the orienting mechanism to provide both actuation of the camera and data/power transmission without the need for other connections/wireless communication.
The camera may have a uniform profile about its rotational axis. The camera may be substantially circular in section through its axis of rotation. It may in other embodiments be cylindrical. The camera may be generally spherical. The camera may have a circumference that is less than 6.5 mm measured through the rotational axis. The camera may have a circumference that is less than 3.5 mm measured through the rotational axis.
The probe may be configured to wirelessly transmit power to the visualizer. The probe may comprise one or more induction coils and the camera may comprise one or more induction coils arranged to transfer power between each other. The induction coils may be arranged to transfer energy by inductive coupling. The one or more induction coils provided at the probe may be arranged in the tabs supporting the camera. The one or more induction coils provided at the camera may be arranged in the axis pins of the camera.
The scope may further comprise a speculum for insertion into the patient's ear and wherein the probe body is moveable relative to the speculum.
According to a second aspect, there is provided a method of examining the internal ear structure of a patient, the method comprising: inserting a probe into the internal ear structure, the probe formed by an elongate probe body supporting a camera comprising an image sensor disposed within a housing, the housing being rotatably coupled to a distal end of the probe body whereby the camera is rotatable relative to the probe body; rotating the housing relative to the probe body to cause rotational movement of the image sensor relative to the internal ear structure; and wherein rotating the housing comprises rotating the housing through at least 90° relative to the probe body whilst viewing the internal ear structure throughout the rotational movement.
An outer surface of the rotatable camera may form an outer exposed surface of the scope. The outer surface is exposed during use.
The method may comprise rotating the camera from a first position in which the image sensor faces a distal direction to a second position in which the image sensor faces a proximal direction.
The method may further comprise rotating the camera (and housing) back to the first position.
Rotating the camera from the first position, to the second position and back to the first position may comprise rotating the camera (and housing) 360°.
Rotating the camera may comprise rotating the camera over a range in excess of 175 degrees in either direction around the rotational axis of the camera from a centre position in which the image sensor points in a distal direction along a longitudinal axis of the probe.
Rotating the camera may comprise rotating the camera using an orienting mechanism comprising a first cable arranged to provide rotation of the camera in a first direction and a second cable arranged to provide rotation in a second direction about the rotational axis, wherein preferably the first and second cables are connected to or within the camera and extend in opposite directions about the rotational axis of the camera around the housing of the camera.
The first cable may extend around a first side of the camera and the second cable extends around a second side of the camera, wherein the first cable extends from a channel in the probe body that is located on the side of the probe body corresponding to the second side of the camera, and wherein the second cable extends from a channel in the probe body that is located on the side of the probe body corresponding to the first side of the camera.
The method may comprise cleaning an outer surface of the camera.
Cleaning of the outer surface of the camera may comprise rotating the camera (and housing) relative to a cleaning element.
Rotating the camera (and housing) relative to the cleaning element may comprise wiping an outer surface of the camera with the cleaning element.
The camera may comprise a lens aligned with the optical sensor and wherein the method comprises focusing the lens.
Rotating the camera may comprise rotating the housing through at least 120° relative to the probe body.
According to a third aspect, there is provided a method of cleaning a scope for examining an internal part of the ear, wherein the scope comprises an image sensor disposed within a rotatable housing and wherein the scope further comprises a cleaning element, the method comprising: rotating the housing relative to the cleaning element; and using the cleaning element to clean an outer surface of the housing.
Cleaning the outer surface of the housing may comprise wiping the housing with the cleaning element by rotating the housing relative to the cleaning element.
Rotating the housing may comprises rotating the housing from a first position in which the optical sensor faces in a distal direction to a second position in which the optical sensor faces in a proximal direction.
The method may further comprise returning the housing to the first position.
Rotating the housing may comprises turning the housing through 360° about an axis of rotation of the housing transverse to a central longitudinal axis of the probe body.
Rotating the housing may comprise rotating the housing from a first position in which the optical sensor faces in a distal direction to a second position in which the image sensor faces generally perpendicularly relative to a central longitudinal axis of the probe body.
According to a fourth aspect, there is provided a camera for examining the internal ear structure of a patient, the camera comprising: a rod for insertion into the internal ear structure; and an optical sensor located within a housing; wherein the housing is rotatably coupled to a distal end of the rod and wherein at least a portion of the housing is disposed distally beyond the distal end of the rod.
The rod may comprise a pair of tabs supporting the housing extending in a distal direction from the distal end of the rod.
The tabs may be opposed to each other about a central longitudinal axis of the rod and wherein an axis of rotation about which the housing can rotate extends between the tabs.
At least one distally-opening notch may be defined between the pair of supporting tabs.
A pair of notches may be defined on opposing sides of the rod between the pair of tabs, the notches being mutually aligned on an axis that is substantially perpendicularly to the axis of rotation.
A portion of the housing may extend distally beyond a distal end of the tabs.
The housing may be rotatably coupled to the tabs via pins extending along an axis of rotation of the housing.
Each pin may comprise an electrical contact electrically coupled to the optical sensor within the housing for delivering power to the optical sensor.
The optical sensor may be configured to generate image data and wherein the generated image data is transmitted via at least one of the pins.
The camera may further comprise a data cable coupled to the housing.
The optical sensor may be configured to generate image data and wherein the generated image data is transmitted via the cable.
The rod may comprise an inner lumen.
The housing may be partially received within the inner lumen.
The camera may further comprise a cleaning element, wherein the housing is rotatable relative to the cleaning element.
The cleaning element may be positioned on a proximal side of the housing.
The cleaning element may be disposed within the inner lumen of the rod.
The cleaning element may be offset laterally with respect to the housing.
The cleaning element may be disposed between the pair of tabs.
The housing may comprise a lens and wherein the optical sensor is configured to generate image data from light received through the lens.
The housing may further comprise a window aligned with the optical sensor and the lens such that an optical path is defined between the optical sensor and the window that extends through the lens.
An air gap may be defined between an inner surface of the window and an outer surface of the lens.
The housing may comprise a focusing mechanism for focussing the lens.
The focusing mechanism may comprise a memory metal component configured to focus the lens.
The focusing mechanism may comprise a microelectromechanical system.
The housing may comprise a communication module configured to transmit and/or receive image data generated by the optical sensor.
The communication module may be configured to transmit and/or receive image data at a frequency in excess or equal to 2.4 GHz.
The housing may further comprise a light source for illuminating a field of view of the optical sensor.
The light source may be movable with the optical sensor with respect to the rod.
The rod further may comprise a light source for illuminating a field of view of the optical sensor.
The camera may comprise an orientating mechanism configured to control the rotational movement of the housing relative to the rod.
The orientating mechanism may comprise a drive belt coupled to a drive shaft positioned at a proximal end of the rod and a driven shaft acting on the housing.
The drive belt may be wrapped around the drive shaft and the driven shaft at least twice.
The drive shaft may be operatively coupled to a stepper motor for rotating the drive shaft.
The orientating mechanism may comprise at least one cable coupled to two attachment points on a distal side of the housing, the attachment points being mutually opposed about an axis of rotation of the housing.
The at least one cable may be electrically connected to the optical sensor within the housing so as to deliver electrical power to the optical sensor.
The at least one cable may be connected to the optical sensor so as to transmit image data generated by the optical sensor.
The housing may be substantially circular in section through an axis of rotation.
The housing may be generally spherical.
According to a fifth aspect, there is provided a scope comprising a camera according to the fourth aspect or any of the statements above.
The scope may further comprise a speculum for insertion into the patient's ear and wherein the rod is moveable relative to the speculum.
According to another aspect there is provided a method of examining the internal ear structure of a patient, the method comprising: inserting a rod into the internal ear structure, the rod supporting an optical sensor disposed within a rotatable housing; rotating the housing relative to the rod to cause rotational movement of the optical sensor relative to the internal ear structure; and wherein rotating the housing comprises rotating the housing through at least 90° relative to the rod whilst viewing the internal ear structure throughout the rotational movement.
The method may comprise rotating the housing from a first position in which the optical sensor faces a distal direction to a second position in which the optical sensor faces a proximal direction.
The method may further comprise rotating the housing back to the first position.
Rotating the housing from the first position, to the second position and back to the first position may comprise rotating the housing 360°.
The method may comprise cleaning an outer surface of the housing.
Cleaning the outer surface of the housing may comprise rotating the housing relative to a cleaning element.
Rotating the housing relative to the cleaning element may comprise wiping an outer surface of the housing with the cleaning element.
The housing may comprise a lens aligned with the optical sensor and wherein the method comprises focusing the lens.
Rotating the housing may comprise rotating the housing through at least 120° relative to the rod.
According to a seventh aspect, there is provided a method of cleaning a camera for examining the internal ear structure of a patient, wherein the camera comprises an optical sensor disposed within a rotatable housing and wherein the camera further comprises a cleaning element, the method comprising: rotating the housing relative to the cleaning element; and using the cleaning element to clean an outer surface of the housing.
Cleaning the outer surface of the housing may comprise wiping the housing with the cleaning element by rotating the housing relative to the cleaning element.
Rotating the housing may comprise rotating the housing from a first position in which the optical sensor faces in a distal direction to a second position in which the optical sensor faces in a proximal direction.
The method may further comprise returning the housing to the first position.
Rotating the housing may comprise turning the housing through 360° about an axis of rotation of the housing transverse to a central longitudinal axis of the rod.
Rotating the housing may comprise rotating the housing from a first position in which the optical sensor faces in a distal direction to a second position in which the optical sensor faces generally perpendicularly relative to a central longitudinal axis of the rod.
Any of the features of the fourth to seventh aspects given above may apply to the first to third aspects.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a scope for examining or surgically treating a part of the body comprising:
wherein the visualiser is articulatable relative to the probe by an orienting mechanism for optimal viewing of the body part.
In one embodiment, the part of the body is a difficult to access part of the body, such as the internal part of the ear, nose, throat, or another body orifice.
In one embodiment, the orienting mechanism is configured to tilt or rotate the visualiser relative to the probe.
In one embodiment, the visualiser is articulatable about a visualiser articulation axis by an orienting mechanism for optimal viewing of the ear.
Preferably, the visualiser is rotatable about the visualiser articulation axis. More preferably, the visualiser has a uniform profile about its articulation axis.
Most preferably, the visualiser is substantially spherical. In one embodiment, the probe comprises a socket configured for receipt of the substantially spherical visualiser for rotation of the visualiser about multiple axes. In one embodiment, the orienting mechanism comprises a roller in contact with the substantially spherical visualiser, whereby rotation of the roller effects rotation of the substantially spherical visualiser. In one embodiment, the orientating mechanism comprises a first roller in contact with the substantially spherical visualiser and configured for rotation about a first axis of rotation, and a second roller in contact with the substantially spherical visualiser and configured for rotation about a second axis of rotation, wherein the first and second axes of rotation are optionally orthogonal to each other.
Suitably, the visualiser comprises an image sensor or a camera.
In one embodiment, the probe comprises a hinge.
Suitably, the orienting mechanism is a belt- or band-driven orienting mechanism, or a fluidic (i.e. pneumatic or hydraulic) orienting mechanism In one embodiment, the orienting mechanism comprises a wheel or cog operatively coupled to the visualiser. In one embodiment, the orienting mechanism comprises a magnetic force generator configured to act on the visualiser. In one embodiment, the scope is configured for manual actuation of the orienting mechanism. In one embodiment, the orienting mechanism comprises a motor configured to drive the articulation of the visualiser.
In a preferred embodiment, the scope further comprises a self-cleaning module for cleaning detritus from the visualiser. Preferably, the self-cleaning module comprises a cleaning blade and/or a soft cleaning material. In one embodiment, the visualiser is configured for movement relative to the self-cleaning module to clean the visualiser. In one embodiment, the self-cleaning module comprises a sheath configured for movement from a non-deployed position to a deployed position in which the sheath closes over the lens of the visualiser wiping the lens. In this embodiment, the visualiser may be configured for movement to a cleaning position when the sheath is deployed, for example retracted into the sheath and/or tilted to one side.
Preferably, the optical configuration comprises lens elements configured to allow for variable focusing and refocusing.
Suitably, the lens elements comprise an internal lens within the visualiser.
In a preferred embodiment, the lens elements comprise an external curved lens on the visualiser.
The invention also extends to a scope further comprising a stabilizer for supporting the scope. Preferably, the stabilizer comprises a speculum.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the scope comprises an endoscope or an otoscope.
In another embodiment, the invention relates to a scope for examining or surgically treating a part of the body (for example a difficult to access part of the body such as the ear, nose or throat) comprising:
wherein the optical configuration is stacked in the probe to save space and reduce the profile of the probe. Preferably, the image sensors comprise image sensor boards.
Suitably, the optical configuration comprises first and second stacked fixed image sensors. Preferably, the optical configuration comprises corresponding first and second lens elements directing light to the image sensors. Advantageously, the optical configuration comprises a slidably adjustable front lens.
In one embodiment, the optical configuration comprises aspherical lenses to bypass the first fixed image sensor. Preferably the aspherical lenses comprise crescent profile lenses.
In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a scope for examining or surgically treating a part of the body (for example a difficult to access part of the body such as the ear, nose or throat) comprising:
wherein the visualiser is articulatable about a visualiser articulation axis by an orienting mechanism for optimal viewing of the ear and the articulatable visualiser is a tiltable camera
Preferably, the orienting mechanism comprises a directional lever.
Alternatively, the orienting mechanism comprises a directional wheel and the probe is slidable to adjust the depth of the probe. In a still further embodiment, the orienting mechanism comprises a slider either alone or in combination with the directional wheel and/or directional lever.
Preferably, the scope further comprises a stabilizer for supporting the tiltable visualiser in or on the stabilizer, the stabilizer being integral with the tiltable visualiser and being configured to stabilize the scope in an ear canal. More preferably, the probe is mountable on the stabilizer at a probe mounting.
Suitably, the stabilizer comprises a speculum holder. In a preferred embodiment, the stabilizer comprises a detachable or integrated speculum. Advantageously, light from the light source is transmissible through the speculum.
In a still further embodiment, the invention relates to a scope for examining or surgically treating a part of the body (for example a difficult to access part of the body such as the ear, nose or throat) comprising:
wherein the optical configuration includes an angled prism adjacent the visualiser to assist in unobtrusive visualisation. Preferably, the visualiser comprises a camera.
In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a scope for examining or surgically treating a part of the body (for example a difficult to access part of the body such as the ear, nose or throat) comprising:
wherein the visualiser is articulatable about a visualiser articulation axis by an orienting mechanism for optimal viewing of the part of the body, the articulatable visualiser is a tiltable camera and the orienting mechanism comprises a living hinge on the probe. Preferably, the living hinge comprises an external living hinge. Alternatively, the living hinge comprises an internal living hinge. Suitably, the living hinge comprises a double living hinge Advantageously, the double living hinge comprises a spring-operated double living hinge.
Optionally, the optical configuration includes an angled prism to assist in unobtrusive visualisation.
In a still further embodiment, the invention relates to a scope for examining or surgically treating a part of the body (for example a difficult to access part of the body such as the ear, nose or throat) comprising:
wherein the optical configuration includes lens elements which are adjustable to focus images. Suitably, the optical configuration comprises combinations of an adjustable lens and sensor element, a fixed front element, and adjustable sensor, a rod lens, an adjustable front lens and an angled front lens.
In another embodiment, the invention relates to a scope for examining or surgically treating a part of the body (for example a difficult to access part of the body such as the ear, nose or throat) comprising:
wherein the optical configuration includes mechanically coupled lens elements.
The invention also relates to a scope for examining or surgically treating a part of the body (for example a difficult to access part of the body such as the ear, nose or throat) comprising:
wherein the optical configuration is a staged focus optical configuration. Preferably, the staged focus optical configuration comprises a solenoid and spring-operated staged focus optical configuration. Alternatively, the staged focus optical configuration comprises a ratchet mechanism or a friction controlled mechanism.
The articulatable visualiser and in particular the rotatable visualiser is particularly beneficial in minimal invasive surgery as the eyeball camera can point in different directions including straight ahead (0°) and rotated to different angles. In ear surgery, this allows a surgeon to see around the corner of the ear canal or up into the epitympanum/attic in the middle ear.
The self-cleaning module of the scope of the invention removes blood and other debris that can adhere to the front lens, so that the scope or probe do not need to be removed during surgery for cleaning thus avoiding disruption or delay during surgery.
The optical configuration of the scope of the invention is configured to allow for variable focusing and refocusing as required e.g. when the front lens is positioned above a surgical site to observe operation of tools or, at other times, when the front lens is pushed up close to observe tissue structure.
The scope of the invention, and in particular, the probe and articulatable visualiser in the form of the eyeball camera can be easily disassembled for cleaning and re-use.
The skilled person will appreciate that except where mutually exclusive, a feature described in relation to any one of the above aspects may be applied to any other aspect.
The invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
All publications, patents, patent applications and other references mentioned herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties for all purposes as if each individual publication, patent or patent application were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference and the content thereof recited in full.
Definitions and General Preferences
Where used herein and unless specifically indicated otherwise, the following terms are intended to have the following meanings in addition to any broader (or narrower) meanings the terms might enjoy in the art:
Unless otherwise required by context, the use herein of the singular is to be read to include the plural and vice versa. The term “a” or “an” used in relation to an entity is to be read to refer to one or more of that entity. As such, the terms “a” (or “an”), “one or more,” and “at least one” are used interchangeably herein.
As used herein, the term “comprise,” or variations thereof such as “comprises” or “comprising,” are to be read to indicate the inclusion of any recited integer (e.g. a feature, element, characteristic, property, method/process step or limitation) or group of integers (e.g. features, element, characteristics, properties, method/process steps or limitations) but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers. Thus, as used herein the term “comprising” is inclusive or open-ended and does not exclude additional, unrecited integers or method/process steps.
As used herein, the term “disease” is used to define any abnormal condition that impairs physiological function and is associated with specific symptoms. The term is used broadly to encompass any disorder, illness, abnormality, pathology, sickness, condition or syndrome in which physiological function is impaired irrespective of the nature of the aetiology (or indeed whether the aetiological basis for the disease is established). It therefore encompasses conditions arising from infection, trauma, injury, surgery, radiological ablation, poisoning or nutritional deficiencies.
As used herein, the term “treatment” or “treating” refers to an intervention (e.g. the administration of an agent to a subject) which cures, ameliorates or lessens the symptoms of a disease or removes (or lessens the impact of) its cause(s). In this case, the term is used synonymously with the term “therapy”.
Additionally, the terms “treatment” or “treating” refers to an intervention (e.g. the administration of an agent to a subject) which prevents or delays the onset or progression of a disease or reduces (or eradicates) its incidence within a treated population. In this case, the term treatment is used synonymously with the term “prophylaxis”.
In the context of treatment and effective amounts as defined above, the term subject (which is to be read to include “individual”, “animal”, “patient” or “mammal” where context permits) defines any subject, particularly a mammalian subject, for whom treatment is indicated. Mammalian subjects include, but are not limited to, humans, domestic animals, farm animals, zoo animals, sport animals, pet animals such as dogs, cats, guinea pigs, rabbits, rats, mice, horses, cattle, cows; primates such as apes, monkeys, orangutans, and chimpanzees; canids such as dogs and wolves; felids such as cats, lions, and tigers; equids such as horses, donkeys, and zebras; food animals such as cows, pigs, and sheep; ungulates such as deer and giraffes; and rodents such as mice, rats, hamsters and guinea pigs. In preferred embodiments, the subject is a human.
As shown in
The scope 1 is further provided with a self-cleaning module 6 for cleaning detritus from the eyeball camera while in use without requiring removal of the scope from the ear. More than one self-cleaning module may be provided, which may be the same or different. This shall be explained more fully below. The eyeball camera 5 is also fitted with an optical configuration 7 to optimise images from the eyeball camera 5 made up of lens elements 8 and a focusing mechanism 41 for controlling the lens elements.
The probe 2 is made up of an elongate tubular body 9 defining an open mouth 10 at its distal end for holding the eyeball camera 5. Externally, the elongate tubular body 9 is provided with first and second oppositely disposed side channels 11, 12 respectively for receiving respective detachable first and second side panels 13, 14. The first and/or second side channels 11, 12 serve to house power lines 15 for powering the eyeball camera 5 and terminate at power pins 16 insertable in the eyeball camera 5.
At the mouth 10, the probe tubular body 9 is shaped to define two oppositely disposed axis holes 17 (e.g. receptacles) for supporting the eyeball camera 5 in the mouth 10 at two oppositely disposed axis pins 20, which define the visualiser axis 3a and extend laterally outwards from the eyeball camera 5. The probe body 9 comprises a pair of tabs 20a, 20b that support the camera 5. The tabs 20a, 20b form a structure on which the axis holes 17 are located. The tabs each extend in a distal direction from the distal end of the probe body 9 as can be seen in
A data cable 18 extends through the tubular body 9 from the eyeball camera 5 via a wireless communicator module 19.
The orienting mechanism 4 for rotating the eyeball camera 5 in the mouth 10 of the probe 2 can function in a number of ways as desired. For example, as shown in
As shown particularly in
In other embodiments, additional internal channels can be provided to supply liquid air and vacuum to integrate with the cleaning module 6 and for use in surgery. Alternatively or in addition, a working channel can be provided for tools such as a needle for injection.
As shown particularly in
As can be seen in the Figures, the eyeball camera 5 is mounted such that part of the housing (the housing including the outer lens 44) is disposed distally beyond the distal end of the probe body. More specifically, a portion of the housing of the camera extends distally beyond a distal end of the tabs. An outer surface of the camera 5 thus forms an outer surface of the scope and is cleaned by the self-cleaning module.
The image sensor board 37 is arranged to generate image data that is transmitted from a wireless communication module located within the housing of the camera 5 to wireless communication module 19 provided in the probe. The communication module is configured to transmit and/or receive image data at a frequency equal to or in excess of 2.4 GHz. This allows a smaller antenna to be used. The skilled person will understand other frequencies can be used. The communication module provided in the probe may be less than 30 mm from the camera.
Embodiments of the wireless communication modules provided in the camera 5 and the probe 2 are shown in
The probe 2 comprises a processing unit 206 operatively coupled to a wireless communication module. The processing unit 206 is configured to process images received from the camera. The wireless communication module comprises a second RF unit. The second RF unit comprises a probe antenna system 208, 210 configured for communication with the camera antenna system 202, 204. The wireless communication module provided in the probe 2 is located at the distal end of the probe elongate body 9 close to where the camera 5 is mounted. The wireless communication modules (e.g. their antenna systems) may be less than 25 mm apart, preferably between 5-10 mm apart. The wireless communication module of the probe is connected via a cable 18 to allow data to be transmitted from the scope. The RF unit and antenna system forming the wireless communication module and the processing unit 206 may be provided in a probe electronics unit as shown in the figures. This may be a single unit, or formed by distributed components.
In the embodiment shown in
In the embodiment shown in
In the embodiment shown in
In other embodiments, other means for transmitting image data from the camera 5 may be used. In other embodiments, a data cable may be coupled directly to the housing of the eyeball camera 5 (as will be described later) and extend within the housing to couple to the image sensor.
In other embodiments, image data is transmitted via at least one of the axis pins 20. The image data may be transmitted along with electrical power for the image sensor via one or both of the axis pins. The image data may be transmitted at the same time as the electrical power by modulating the electrical power supply.
The eyeball camera 5 has an internal focusing lens 39 forming part of the lens elements 8 of the optical configuration 7 together with a main board 40 provided with a focus mechanism which also forms part of the optical configuration 7. These components are mounted within the housing as can be seen in
The self-cleaning module 6 (see
In one embodiment aspherical lenses can be used to bypass the first fixed sensor 49 in an efficient manner e.g. crescent profile lenses (in plan view).
In use, the eyeball camera 5 of
In use, the probe 2 is inserted into the internal ear structure of a patient. The housing is then rotated relative to the probe body 9 to cause rotational movement of the image sensor 37 relative to the internal structure of the ear. As shown in
The housing (and therefore the camera 5) may be rotated from a first position in which the image sensor 37 faces a distal direction (e.g.
Rotating the housing may alternatively comprise rotating the housing through at least 120° relative to the probe body during use. During use the front lens 44 or internal lens may be focused by the focusing mechanism.
In use, the outer surface of the housing of the camera 5 (e.g. the outer lens 44 or window) may be cleaned by rotation relative to the self-cleaning module (e.g. relative to the cleaning element of the self-cleaning module). Cleaning the outer surface of the camera 5 comprises wiping the outer surface of the housing with the cleaning element of the self-cleaning module 6. This may be done by rotating the housing from the first position to the second position defined above, and returning to the first position. The second position may be a position in which the image sensor 37 faces generally perpendicularly relative to the central longitudinal axis of the probe body.
Accordingly, the front lens 44 is cleaned by rotating 360°, as shown in
Because the eyeball camera 5 is only connected to the probe at the axis pins 20, there is limited space for power and data pins/contacts or cables especially in smaller size implementations. Accordingly, only one power pin contact 43 is delivered through each axis pin 20 so that power is delivered through these pin contacts 43 and data from the image sensor can be delivered using a wireless technology between the wireless communicator 19 from which the data cable 18 delivers data to an image processor outside of the scope 1.
The wireless communicator 19 of the eyeball camera 5 can also measure the angle of rotation which can be displayed to the user. In another embodiment, data can also be delivered by signal modulation in the two power pins 16. In this case, an image processor must separate the data signal from the power to display an image.
As shown in
In the embodiment shown in
In other embodiments of the invention, there are a different number of electrical boards and the functions are located between them.
The internal focus lens 39 is held in position by the focusing mechanism 41 of the optical configuration 7. The focusing mechanism is mounted within the housing of the camera 5. The focusing mechanism 41 positions the lens between the front lens 44 and the image sensor board 37 and repositions the focus lens 39 to change focus of the eyeball camera 5. The focusing mechanism 41 is electromechanically operated. It may, for example, comprise a microelectromechanical system.
In one variant, the focusing mechanism 41 can employ electromagnets and in other embodiments, the focusing mechanism 41 can employ bimetal linkages. Alternatively, harmonics can be used to control linkages which move the focusing lens 39. In yet other embodiments, the focusing mechanism comprises a shape memory metal component configured to focus the lens as described in more detail elsewhere herein.
The frequency and amplitude of the vibration of the focusing lens may be controlled at a predefined amount. This may be a constant frequency and amplitude to provide a constant range of motion of the focusing lens. The image sensor is arranged to sample the image data generated in order to generate focused images by selecting frames corresponding to the desired focal point, and use them to form a video image. The other non-focused frames may be discarded. This allows a varying focus to be implemented without relying on positional accuracy of the focusing mechanism controlling the distance between the focusing lens and image sensor. In some embodiments, the image processing may be performed at the image sensor (e.g. by a processor within the camera 5). This may reduce the amount of data transmitted from the camera 5 (by the wireless communication module or cable). In other embodiments, the image processing may be performed outside of the scope using the complete set of image data generated by the image sensor.
In other embodiments, the frequency (X Hz) and amplitude (δd) at which the lens is vibrated and the image sampling rate (Y Hz) may be varied. By varying the ratio Y/X the number of images N per transit of the lens can be varied. For each transit, images corresponding to focal points N can be selected, with the others discarded. By optimising δd, X, Y and N a focused video stream can be generated (e.g. using a suitable deconvolution algorithm).
The vibration of the focusing lens may also be used to aid cleaning of the outer surface of the camera (e.g. the lens 44 or window of the camera housing). In one embodiment, the focusing mechanism is selectively mechanically coupled to the outer lens 44 or window by a switchable dampener. The damper is arranged to switch between a damping condition in which vibration of the outer lens 44 is damped (e.g. during normal operation) and a locked condition in which vibration is not damped and the vibration of the focusing mechanism is transmitted to the outer lens 44 or window. This vibration of the outer lens 44 or window aids cleaning by causing accumulated dirt/debris to be removed.
In some embodiments, the image sensor may be movable relative to the focusing lenses, which may be fixed relative to the camera. In this embodiment, the focusing mechanism is arranged to vibrate the image sensor to achieve the same focusing described above. The skilled person will understand that anything described herein in relation to moving/vibrating focusing lens(es) can also apply to the image sensor (or both).
In other embodiments, the transmission of the vibration of the focusing lens 39 to the outer lens 44 or window is controlled by tuning the vibration frequency of the focusing lens to the resonant frequency of the outer lens/window. During normal operation the focusing mechanism may be arranged to vibrate the focusing lens at a first frequency that is different from the resonant frequency of the outer lens 44/window. This allows the focus to be varied as described above, but without the outer lens/window vibrating. The focusing mechanism may be arranged to switch the frequency at which the focusing lens 39 is vibrated to a second frequency that is the same or about the same as the resonant frequency of the outer lens/window such that it also vibrates. This aids cleaning.
In yet other embodiments, vibration of the focusing lens 39 may induce an air flow over the outer lens/window to provide a cleaning effect. These may be used in combination or separately from the cleaning vibration described above.
In the embodiment shown in
The cleaning members and image focusing using the vibrating lens described above, and its associated use for cleaning, can be used in addition to the self-cleaning module described elsewhere herein. They may also be used instead of the self-cleaning module. They may also be used separately from the articulated movement between the eyeball camera 5 and the probe. For example, using a camera that is fixed relative to the probe.
In another embodiment of the invention, the optical configuration can be made up of a variable aperture which can be employed instead of a focusing mechanism 41 deploying lens elements 8 moving relevant to or in conjunction with the image sensor. The aperture may be electromechanical in nature or digital where an opaque filter forms the aperture. Change of the aperture size allows change in the depth of field which can be advantageous because a large depth of field (small aperture) can be used to observe tools from a distance. The depth of field can then be reduced by expanding the aperture, to allow high quality imaging at close range.
The lens elements 8 can be made up of multiple elements to achieve best image quality while, in some embodiments, another variation the outer layer of the front lens 44 is a window to allow in light with minimum distortion.
An example of an embodiment in which the front lens 44 is a window is shown in
In this embodiment, all of the focusing lenses 39a, 39b and the internal lens 44a are mounted to the lens stage 41a and are movable relative to the image sensor 37. In other embodiments, one or more of these lenses may be fixed relative to the lens stage, so that at least one movable lens is provided on the lens stage in order to provide image focusing.
In the embodiment shown in
In some embodiments, flexible optics are used to change the surface profile of the lens elements 7 to change the focus.
If desired, additive manufacturing can be used to 3d print the lenses.
As indicated above, in some embodiments, the articulatable visualiser is not spherical but can be configured differently e.g. a cylindrical or other uniform profiles around its axis 3a. Uniform profiles such as a cylinder or sphere are advantageous in use because the uniform profile doesn't change shape when rotated against tissue and is less likely to cause trauma to tissue. In another embodiment, a window also surrounds the eyeball camera 5 with a profile similar to a U to ensure that the eyeball camera 5 does not cause trauma to tissue.
The camera may have a circumference that is less than 6.5 mm measured through the rotational axis. The camera may have a circumference that is less than 3.5 mm measured through the rotational axis. Other sizes may be possible, and the application is not limited to these examples.
However, in other embodiments, the profile of the articulatable visualiser 3 need not be uniform around its axis 3a.
In another embodiment, the front lens 44 protrudes further than the rest of the eyeball camera 5, to contact with the self-cleaning module 6 when rotated, while the rest of the eyeball camera 5 does not contact the self-cleaning module.
The cables may extend along channels 304, 306 provided in the probe body 9 that are described elsewhere herein, e.g. similarly to the drive belt. The cables both extend through an aperture 208 in the outer housing of the camera 5 and within the housing so that they are coupled to the camera electronics 200 e.g. the main board 40 or other suitable point (e.g. to the MCU).
In the presently described embodiment, the cables 300, 302 extend from the camera 5 at a position at the front of the lens. Specifically, they both extend from a zero degree position in front of the lens that corresponds to the most distal point or the camera when it is in an unrotated position (e.g. with the image sensor pointing along the longitudinal axis of the probe body). This provides a greater range of rotation. The cables 300, 302 may however extend through or be coupled to the camera at any other suitable position around the axis of rotation of the camera. They may in other embodiments be connected to or extend through the outer wall of the camera at different points, e.g. extend through separate apertures. By “extend from” we mean a point at which the cables extend through an aperture in the camera or a point to which they are fixedly connected.
In the embodiment shown in part (3) the first and second cables 300, 302 may cross over each other so that each of the cables extend around opposite sides of the camera 5 compared to the side of the probe body along which they extend. The cables cross at a crossing point 310 aligned with the axis of rotation of the camera. This may allow full 360 degree rotation of the eyeball camera 5.
In other another embodiments the cables may enter the eyeball at two different positions on the circumference of eyeball camera 5, rather than one entry or connection point 208, if the cables travel the long way around the circumference to these entry points, then rotation greater to 360 degrees may be achieved. This is illustrated in
In the embodiment shown in
The cables in the embodiments of
The first probe mounted induction coil 302 is electrically coupled to a cable 18 to provide a source of electrical power. The first camera mounted induction coil 304 is electrically coupled to the camera electronics via a cable 306 within the camera. The probe and camera induction coils are therefore in close proximity to each other such that energy transfer can take place by electromagnetic induction without requiring a wired connection between the two relatively moving parts of the scope. By locating the induction coils at the point of connection between the camera and the probe body the coils remain in close proximity throughout the range of motion of the camera. A similar arrangement of induction coils is provided on the second side 33 of the camera 5. As can be seen in
If desired, the scope of the invention can include two cameras 5 to give binocular vision while in other embodiments a single camera 5 uses two lenses to project onto a single sensor to give binocular vision, using out of phase images at full resolution and a filter built into each lens turns opaque at the same frequency to separate the two images.
In another embodiment, two lenses are projected onto a single sensor to give binocular vision, lenslets on the image sensor are tuned to either one lens or the other based on light entry angle, approximately 50% tuned to one lens and approximately 50% to the other and image processing techniques separate the image to give binocular vision, although with reduced resolution.
Referring back to
In embodiments where the image sensor is located in the probe, one or more fibre optic cables may be provided to couple light between the lens or lenses and the respective image sensor or sensors. This may allow more flexibility in the relative positioning of the lenses and image sensors.
In one embodiment aspherical lenses can be used to bypass the first fixed sensor 49 in an efficient manner e.g. crescent profile lenses (in plan view).
The speculum 55 is made up of a proximal open end 58 through which a surgeon can access an ear during surgical procedures and a distal insertion end 59 insertable in an ear. A substantially conical speculum wall 60 extends between the proximal and distal ends 58, 59 which defines an internal chamber 61 for receiving the probe 2 and surgical instruments in use. The conical speculum wall 60 further defines a relatively large surgical access opening 62 at a rim 63 at the proximal end 58 and a relatively narrow insertion opening 64 at the distal end 59 through which a surgeon can access the ear during surgical procedures.
The collar 57 of the handle 56 has speculum mounting in the form of a ring 65 defining a bore 66 for receiving the rim 63 of the speculum to mount and secure the handle 56 to the rim 63 of the speculum 55. The collar 57 is further provided with a probe mounting 67 to mount the probe 2 on the handle so that the elongate probe 2 can extend through the speculum from the proximal end 58 to the distal end 59 and exit the distal end 59 through the insertion opening 64 if required.
As shown in the drawing, the orienting or tilting mechanism 4 can be employed to orient the tiltable camera 52 as required. The orienting mechanism 4 is manually controllable with the probe direction lever 53.
The living hinge 77 therefore retains the camera module 71 so that it tilts in a predictable way. In other embodiments of the invention, the living hinge 77 can be replaced by other locators such as a magnet or ball and socket. In still further embodiments, the data cable 18 can double as the actuator cable 75.
The portion of the orienting mechanism 4 of
The two focus positions firstly allow the surgeon look in detail at the anatomy and secondly allow the camera to be pulled back to view the tools in the surgical field during operations.
As shown in
The scope 1 and systems of the invention can be formed from any suitable materials e.g. biodegradable materials while additive manufacturing is utilized to make the lenses and other components of the copes of the invention.
Referring to
Referring to
The following clauses, which are not claims, define optional or preferred features of the present disclosure:
1. A scope for examining or surgically treating an internal structure of the ear comprising:
a probe;
at least one visualiser on the probe having an optical configuration, and
a light source
wherein the visualiser is articulatable relative to the probe by an orienting mechanism for optimal viewing of the internal structure of the ear.
2. A scope as claimed in Clause 1 wherein the visualizer comprises a communication module configured for wirelessly transmitting or receiving data with a communication module in the probe, optionally the probe is configured to wirelessly transmit power to the visualizer.
3. A scope as claimed in Clause 1 or 2 wherein the visualiser is rotatable about a visualiser articulation axis.
4. A scope as claimed in Clause 3 wherein the visualiser has a uniform profile about its articulation axis.
5. A scope as claimed in any preceding Clause wherein the visualiser is substantially spherical and in which the probe optionally comprises a socket for receipt of the substantially spherical visualizer for rotation of the visualiser about multiple axes.
6. A scope as claimed in any of Clauses 1 to 5 wherein the visualiser comprises an image sensor and a lens and is optionally configured to focus the visualizer by adjustment of the distance between the lens and image sensor.
7. A scope as claimed in Clause 6, in which the visualizer is adjustable between two or more pre-set focus settings.
8. A scope as claimed in any of Clauses 1 to 8 wherein the probe exhibits a nonuniform profile, and includes a narrowed profile at a proximal end or a centre part.
9. A scope as claimed in any preceding Clause wherein the orienting mechanism is a belt- or band-driven orienting mechanism fluidic orienting mechanism, or driven using magnetic forces such as a motor, directly acting on the visualiser, or acting on a wheel or linkage in communication with the visualiser.
10. A scope as claimed in any preceding Clause further comprising a self-cleaning module for cleaning detritus from the visualiser.
11. A scope as claimed in Clause 10 wherein the self-cleaning module comprises a cleaning surface and/or a fluid dispenser.
12. A scope as claimed in Clause 11 wherein the self-cleaning module is configured to provide relative movement between the visualizer and the cleaning surface to clean the visualizer.
13. A scope as claimed in any of Clause 1 to 12 further comprising a stabilizer for supporting the scope.
14. A scope as claimed in Clause 13 wherein the stabilizer comprises a speculum.
15. A scope as claimed in any of Clauses 1 to 14 wherein the scope is an endoscope or otoscope.
The foregoing description details presently preferred embodiments of the present invention. Numerous modifications and variations in practice thereof are expected to occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of these descriptions. Those modifications and variations are intended to be encompassed within the claims appended hereto.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19187833.9 | Jul 2019 | EP | regional |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2020/070872 | 7/23/2020 | WO |
