Patent Application
20240384525
The technical scope which the invention is related to is, generally speaking, the scope of civil engineering, or, more closely, the scope of construction elements for structures, and it particularly relates to a solid easily mobile environmentally friendly prefabricated building.
According to the International patent classification (IPC, 2020.01) the subject of invention is classified and marked by a classification symbol E04B 1/24, which relates to structures with loadbearing parts made of metal, and by secondary classification symbol E04B 1/19, which includes three-dimensional skeletal structures.
The technical problem being solved by this invention is the following: how to constructively solve a residential or business structure, a small house, a hall, a container, a bungalow, a garage, etc. which has great consistency and can be built more quickly owing to the installation of a reinforcement truss, with the foundation consisting of a prefabricated wire mesh cut in accordance with the dimensions of walls, floors, ceilings, with insulation made of glass wool panels, cane, Styrofoam, wood bars, PUR foam, over which cement layers were administered on both sides with a waterproof finishing coat, with reinforcement structure having installed wheels which make it easily mobile, and which is more resistant to corrosion, aggressive fumes, UV emissions due to the use of PUR foam, and also suitable for easy repair of damages incurred, for filling of holes, cavities and cracks, filling of empty spots around the pipes in wedls, for sealing, and for quick and simple fixation of doors and windows, whether in the case of refurbishment or construction of a brand new structure.
With the development of technology, there came to a hitherto unseen development of construction, so that nowadays, apart from basic construction materials such as stone, wood, brick, tile, concrete, innovative construction materials are used more and more, leading to a significant improvement in technical characteristics of constructed facilities. Today, construction is fast and in accordance with contemporary aesthetic requirements, and, lately, structures have been built more and more using 3D concrete printers which, in addition to fast construction, also enable the development of concrete structures in accordance with most diverse architectural and design solutions.
However, these facilities also have their flaws, which are most of all reflected in shorter duration, greater sensitivity to external atmospheric, temperature and chemical impacts.
By searching through available patent documentation from this field, as well as available literature and advertising material of various domestic and foreign manufacturers, the inventor was surprised to see that there were no relevant technical solutions, that is, that there were only his previous solutions to be found in accordance with the current technical status, as follows:
In the recognized petty patent N° 1406 U1 published on 27 Feb. 2015, construction elements which consisted of reinforcement coated with expanded polyester, plastic net and facade coat consisting of reinforcing net coated with glue, to which slabs of expanded polyester were glued covered with plastic nets, with the connection between reinforcement net and these elements is achieved through tooled plugs and plates which enable good adhesion components until the glue hardens. To an element formed in this way, facade coats are administered on both sides. The advantage of such construction elements is that they are cheap, they can be made in the place of installation, if necessary, provided that reinforcement structure had been done beforehand, which makes them cheap to make, easy to maintain and transport, while at the same time they maintain good rigidity and high-quality insulation. Due to the manner of hardening of elements the building process is longer, it requires the use of several operations, and the places of joining of plugs and plates are always a problem for insulation and corrosion prevention.
In the patent with registration N° 59823 B1 published on 29 Sep. 2017, the construction of a structure made of environmentally friendly materials was presented, with a loadbearing foundation—reinforcement cage, to which bars were fastened on the inside and outside by means of so-called “U” nails, and between them insulation panels made from environmentally friendly materials were glued to the reinforcement, followed by externally fastened wood elements in the shape of boards or semi-circular beams by means of nails or glue, coated inside with lining, matchboarding, or wooden floor mats.
During the testing conducted on prototypes, in an effort to improve and enhance the features of this invention, the inventor came up with a series of technical solutions, in accordance with which the basic solution was amended, achieving better consistency and protection from external impacts.
The essence of this invention is reflected in the fact that the loadbearing foundation—the reinforcement cage—has been made much former and statically more stable, by fastening reinforcement trusses in the corners, on diagonals and cage shortcuts, best by welding, which, in audition to the above mentioned, leads to savings in material and time, as long work on the installation of typical reinforcements is avoided.
Another important point is that, in addition to glass wool panels, cane, bars, boards and semi-circular beams, PUR foam is also used for insulation, which significantly improves insulation qualities, which avoids cracks during construction, uneven edges and gaps, which otherwise occur as a result of unprecise cutting of insulation panels.
The novelty of this invention is also reflected in the fact that a layer of cement is administered on both sides on the PUR foam coat, and a waterproof coat on the external side as well, which makes the structure waterproof, suitable for construction in humid environments and more resistant in cases of disasters with heavy rainfall aided by winds.
Another important point is that wheels are fastened to the steel pedestal from welded steel profiles on which the reinforcement net is fastened, which makes it possible o move the structure easily in line with the user's requirements.
Another important point is that the facility built in line with the invention description, is resistant to corrosion, aggressive fumes, UV emission and also suitable for easy repair of damages incurred, for filling of holes, cavities and cracks, filling of empty spots around the pipes in walls, for sealing, and for quick and simple fixation of doors and windows, whether in the case of refurbishment or construction of a brand new structure.
Another important point is that the reinforcement of this structure by means of reinforcement trusses can also be done on facilities made on curved, semi-circular and other uneven surfaces by using shorter segments of reinforcement trusses which adapt to the shape of construction base by welding or curvature of axial bearing wires.
In order to understand this invention more easily, the inventor submits the following drawings as examples:
As can be seen from the attached drawing images, the solid easily mobile environmentally friendly prefabricated structure 1 consists of cage 2 which is a loadbearing foundation of the structure 1 the bottom of which 3 is attached best by welding to the pedestal 5 to which wheels 4 are attached in the apexes. The cage 2 is, for the purpose of proving the feasibility and applicability of the invention, presented as a lattice structure in the shape of a hollow cuboid, with lateral sides 6, roof 7 and bottom 3 are made of standard reinforcement net 13, so that they make a firm and stable loadbearing constructive set, which is also easy to transport and takes a short time to make. It is also worth noting that such a structure is a Faraday cage, which protects the structure from lightning.
The constructive set of structure 1 is fastened to metal pedestal 5, which is shown in the drawing in the shape of a rectangular frame made best by welding the joint steel boxes 8 through which, on the apexes in the middle, laterally, vertically the shafts 9 are fastened, and on which the wheels 4 are placed, owing to which it is easy to transport structure 1 to desired location by pushing. It is also worth noting that the contours of structure 1 can represent various regular and irregular prisms or some other free forms, depending on the owner's request, with the bottom 3 having the shape of a triangle, square, rectangle, circle or another regular or modified polygon, or another irregular shape, by welding jointly to the pedestal 5 made of steel boxes 8. In cases when the bottom 3 has the shape of a polygon, the wheels 4 are made axially movable and placed in apexes of the pedestal 5. In line with the shape of the foundation of the structure 1 the roof 7 is made, so that the lower roof edges are in line with the upper edges of lateral sides 6 of the cage 2.
In accordance with the basic solution of the amended invention, wooden bars 12 are fastened by means of nails 11 on both sides to the pedestal 5, lateral sides 6 and roof 7, between which insulation panels 14 are glued to the reinforcement net 13, which were made using only environmentally friendly insulation materials glass wool, cane, etc. On the pedestal 5, wooden floor mats 15 are glued to wooden bars 12 from the upper side, and on the lower side, by means of screws or nails 11, boards 16 are fastened, or matchboarding. On the lateral sides 6, externally, by means of screws of nails 11, aesthetic wooden logs 17 are fastened to wooden bars 12, and on the inside of the wooden bars 12, wooden matchboarding 18 is glued. On the roof 7, on the outside, by means of screws 11 boards 12 with tegola 20 are fastened to wooden bars 12, and on the inside of wooden bars 12 by means of screws or nails, 11, matchboarding 21 is fastened.
The build of structure 1 is additionally strengthened by placing in corners, diagonally and in joint places between the pedestal 5 and lateral sides 6, as well the joints between lateral sides 6 and roof 7 reinforcement trusses 10, a standard construction element made of cold-drawn smooth or ribbed steel wire, consisting of two horizontal rods in the upper and lower belt, connected by diagonal rods, best welded using resistance spot welding procedure. In this way, the structure 1 significantly gains in rigidity, which is important especially in the assembly stage, and which, after forming cage 2, significantly improves its static qualities. The problem with strengthening structures by means of reinforcement trusses 10 on facilities made on curved, semi-circular or other uneven surfaces, can be easily solved by using shorter segments of reinforcement trusses 10 which adapt to the shape of the construction foundation by welding or curvature of axial loadbearing wires.
In accordance with the inventor's idea, in line with the first variant solution of this invention, attached to the reinforcement net 12 by means of plastic ties 22 are fibre nets 23 with openings of 1-3 mm and wooden bars 12, with PUR foam 24 sprayed instead of insulation panels 14 from glass wool, cane and similar, between wooden bars 12, thus gaining layer 27 aligned with wooden bars 12. On the PUR foam 24 and wooden bars 12 on all surfaces the cement layer 25 us applied on both sides, over which a waterproof coat 26 is applied on both sides, which provides additional protection against humidity and extends the durability of structure 1. A structure built in this manner is significantly lighter compared to the structure presented in the basic solution, so that it can be transported more easily or moved to the desired location. To the metal pedestal 5 over the shaft 9 wheels 4 are fastened, enabling the moving of structure 1 to a transporting vehicle, apart from using a forklift, by pulling with a whip, and simply by pushing after arriving on location.
According to the other variant solution, bricks 28 are placed on lateral sides 6 on both sides of reinforcement net 13, with a layer of Styrofoam 29 coated with facade colour 30 and glued to fagade sides by means of cement layer 25 or PUR foam 24, and with a layer of skimming coat 31 coated with colour 32 for inside coating, applied on the inside.
Industrial application of this invention is absolutely possible. in factories for the production of construction materials, and even in well-equipped construction workshops, when construction experts would easily be able to make workshop and other necessary technical documentation by using drawings and the description of this invention.
This invention is suitable for serial production and its application is especially recommended when making small houses meant for living and spending time in nature, and especially for building facilities in inaccessible terrains. Facilities built in accordance with this invention are meant for building in earthquake-prone areas and areas with adverse climate. Owing to good thermal insulation, they are easy to heat and they enable savings due to lesser use of energy.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| P-2021/1194 | Sep 2021 | RS | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/RS2021/000016 | 12/27/2021 | WO |
