Patent Application
20200214912
This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. CN2019/119401, filed on Nov. 19, 2019, and to Chinese Patent Application No. CN2019/070520, filed on Jan. 5, 2019, both of which are incorporated by reference herein.
The present invention relates to absorbent articles having artwork which provides an integral appearance with the wearer when worn.
Absorbent articles such as diapers may be grouped into two major groups based on difference in application method, tape type and pant type. Tape type articles are applied by engaging fastening means which typically comprise the combination of a hook member and a receiving member. Pant type articles are applied by inserting the wearer's legs into the leg openings and sliding up the article. In either application method, diaper change may be an unpleasant time for the wearer and/or caregiver. On the other hand, diaper change may provide the opportunity for communication between the wearer and caregiver.
Absorbent articles may be provided with printed artwork to make the article attractive to the wearer and/or the caregiver. Particularly for young children, attractive artwork on the article may provide a positive developmental effect, such as enhancing communication opportunity with the caregiver during diaper change. Attractive artwork may be those that connote an undergarment look, are in clear color and shape, or showing characters and objects in noticeable size, or provide an interactive element with certain structure of the absorbent article. Further, attractive artwork may connote high quality of the article not only upon purchase or upon taking out from the package, but also when the article is worn by the wearer.
Based on the foregoing, there is a need for an absorbent article with attractive artwork which may provide a unique appearance when worn, or opportunity of communication between the wearer and caregiver. There is also a need for providing such an absorbent article without compromise to the performance as an absorbent article, such as fit, wearability, and containment performance. There is further a need for providing such an absorbent article in an economical manner.
The present invention is directed to an absorbent article having a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction, the article having a front region, a back region, a side region, and a crotch region;
the article comprising an absorbent chassis and an application means;
the absorbent chassis comprising a liquid permeable topsheet, a liquid impermeable backsheet and an absorbent material existing region disposed between the topsheet and the backsheet;
the application means enabling the absorbent article to be applied by providing a waist opening and a pair of leg openings, the longitudinal dimension of the article matching the leg openings defined as the crotch region, wherein the remainder of the article is the front region and the back region;
wherein a facial artwork FAW visible from the garment facing side is disposed at least partially in the front region, the facial artwork FAW comprising a pair of eye elements EE disposed in the front region superposed with the absorbent material existing region, wherein when worn by a wearer, the article provides an integral appearance of a three-dimensional article with the wearer by the front region having the facial artwork FAW comprising eye elements EE, the side region, and the back region.
While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which is regarded as forming the present invention, it is believed that the invention will be better understood from the following description which is taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and which like designations are used to designate substantially identical elements, and in which:
FIGS. 12A1-12F2 are synthetic photographs of pant type articles utilized as visual presentations in the Examples section.
As used herein, the following terms shall have the meaning specified thereafter:
“Absorbent article” refers to articles of wear which may be in the form of taped diapers, pant diapers, incontinent briefs, feminine hygiene garments, and the like. The “absorbent article” may be so configured to absorb and contain various exudates such as urine, feces, and menses discharged from the body.
“Longitudinal” refers to a direction running substantially perpendicular from a waist edge to an opposing waist edge of the article and generally parallel to the maximum linear dimension of the article.
“Transverse” refers to a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
“Body-facing” and “garment-facing” refer respectively to the relative location of an element or a surface of an element or group of elements. “Body-facing” implies the element or surface is nearer to the wearer during wear than some other element or surface. “Garment-facing” implies the element or surface is more remote from the wearer during wear than some other element or surface (i.e., element or surface is proximate to the wearer's garments that may be worn over the absorbent article).
“Disposed” refers to an element being located in a particular place or position.
“Joined” refers to configurations whereby an element is directly secured to another element by affixing the element directly to the other element and to configurations whereby an element is indirectly secured to another element by affixing the element to intermediate member(s) which in turn are affixed to the other element.
“Film” refers to a sheet-like material wherein the length and width of the material far exceed the thickness of the material. Typically, films have a thickness of about 0.5 mm or less.
“Water-permeable” and “water-impermeable” refer to the penetrability of materials in the context of the intended usage of disposable absorbent articles. Specifically, the term “water-permeable”refers to a layer or a layered structure having pores, openings, and/or interconnected void spaces that permit liquid water, urine, or synthetic urine to pass through its thickness in the absence of a forcing pressure. Conversely, the term “water-impermeable” refers to a layer or a layered structure through the thickness of which liquid water, urine, or synthetic urine cannot pass in the absence of a forcing pressure (aside from natural forces such as gravity). A layer or a layered structure that is water-impermeable according to this definition may be permeable to water vapor, i.e., may be “vapor-permeable”.
“Extendibility” and “extensible” mean that the width or length of the component in a relaxed state can be extended or increased.
“Elasticated” and “elasticized” mean that a component comprises at least a portion made of elastic material.
“Elongatable material”, “extensible material”, or “stretchable material” are used interchangeably and refer to a material that, upon application of a biasing force, can stretch to an elongated length of at least about 110% of its relaxed, original length (i.e. can stretch to 10 percent more than its original length), without rupture or breakage, and upon release of the applied force, shows little recovery, less than about 20% of its elongation without complete rupture or breakage as measured by EDANA method 20.2-89. In the event such an elongatable material recovers at least 40% of its elongation upon release of the applied force, the elongatable material will be considered to be “elastic” or “elastomeric.” For example, an elastic material that has an initial length of 100 mm can extend at least to 150 mm, and upon removal of the force retracts to a length of at least 130 mm (i.e., exhibiting a 40% recovery). In the event the material recovers less than 40% of its elongation upon release of the applied force, the elongatable material will be considered to be “substantially non-elastic” or “substantially non-elastomeric”. For example, an elongatable material that has an initial length of 100 mm can extend at least to 150 mm, and upon removal of the force retracts to a length of at least 145 mm (i.e., exhibiting a 10% recovery).
“Artwork” refers to a visual presentation to the naked eye, which is provided by printing or otherwise, and having a color. Printing includes various methods and apparatus well known to those skilled in the art such as lithographic, screen printing, flexographic, and gravure ink jet printing techniques.
“Color” or “Colored” as referred to herein includes any primary color except color white, i.e., black, red, blue, violet, orange, yellow, green, and indigo as well as any declination thereof or mixture thereof. The color white is defined as those colors having an L* value of at least 94, an a* value equal to 0±2, and a b* value equal to 0±2 according to the “Color Measurement” described below.
Referring to
The article of the present invention may be that of the taped type as in
The article of the present invention may be that of the pant type as in
Referring to
The eye elements EE may be provided in a color that is clearly distinguishable from the base color of the article, while maintaining a soft appearance connoting high quality. The base color of the article may be the color of the material, for example nonwoven substrate, of the article. The base color of the article may be a specific color provided for the front region 26 of the article. When the garment facing side of the front region 26 has a base color, the base color having an LAB value of L1, A1, and B1, the eye elements EE have an eye color, the eye color having an LAB value of L2, A2, and B2, the Δ E between the base color and the eye color is at least about 10, preferably from about 10 to about 50 based on the following formula, according to measurements herein.
√{square root over ((L1−L2)2+(A1−A2)2+(B1−B2)2)}
The article of the present invention, when worn on a wearer, provides an integral appearance of a three dimension article with the wearer by the front region 26 having the facial artwork FAW comprising eye elements EE, the side region 31, and the back region 28. Such integral appearance of the artwork with the wearer may provide pleasure of child bearing or care giving to the caregiver, as it transforms an otherwise two-dimensional article into a three-dimensional character in combination with the three-dimensional body shape of the wearer. The present artwork may enhance communication between the wearer and caregiver during diaper change, or promote diaper change, by providing the opportunity to give the wearer an experience as though the wearer were to be part of the first animal. Enhancing communication may include, for example, story telling of the wearer transforming into the first animal.
Referring to
The contour artwork CAW may substantially surround the facial artwork FAW, namely the contour artwork CAW may comprise a devoid area DA of less than about 90 degrees, or less than about 60 degrees from the middlepoint EEC of the eye elements EE, or from about 30 degrees to less than 90 degrees, according to measurements herein. By having very little devoid area DA, the facial artwork FAW may be emphasized.
The devoid area DA may be disposed between the facial artwork FAW and the longitudinal center of the article. The devoid area DA may be disposed toward the transverse periphery of the eye elements EE. The combination of the facial artwork FAW and the contour artwork CAW may express a facial appearance looking to the side (not shown), rather than front. Providing a devoid area DA toward the transverse periphery of the eye elements EE may be beneficial for describing a facial expression looking towards the side.
The contour artwork CAW may comprise a devoid area DA of at least about 90 degrees, or from about 90 degrees to about 270 degrees from the middlepoint EEC of the eye elements EE, according to measurements herein. By having such devoid area DA, the integral appearance is not discontinued by the contour. There may be no contour artwork CAW, namely the first animal visible from the front side may be solely expressed by the facial artwork FAW, namely having a devoid area DA of 360 degrees, as in
The facial artwork FAW is visible from the garment facing side and visible from the front as worn on the wearer. Thus, the facial artwork FAW may be disposed at least partially in the front region 26, and the eye elements EE are disposed in the front region 26. While the other facial artwork FAW and contour artwork CAW may extend into the crotch region 30, they are also preferably visible from the front as worn on the wearer.
The eye elements EE have a dimension of from about 30% to about 120%, or from about 50% to about 110%, or from about 65% to about 120%, or from about 70% to about 100% of the transverse dimension of the absorbent material existing region 62. By providing the eye elements EE in such transverse dimension, the integral appearance of the artwork with the wearer is enhanced.
The front region 26 may be disposed with other front artwork 26AW other than those described above. The crotch region 30 may be disposed with other crotch artwork 30AW other than those described above. The other front artwork 26AW and the other crotch artwork 30AW are those that do not belong to the first animal. Other front artwork 26AW may include accessory on the head or hair: such as a bow, a ribbon, a hat, a cap, or other elements. The other front artwork 26AW and other crotch artwork 30AW may include geometric patterns and shapes that may be coordinated with the color or shape of elements of the first animal.
Referring to
The eye elements EE combined with the contour artwork CAW, disposed symmetrically in view of the longitudinal axis, may serve as a fitting guide on the receiving member 192. The fitting guide enables the caregiver to position the elongate members 190 to be engaged symmetrically on the receiving member 192 to ensure secure fit around both the left and right legs. The fitting guide may also serve as a fit indicator which indicates if the article is of a suitable size for the wearer, and which may indicate the size change or growth of the wearer over time. For example as in
Referring to
The present invention may also be a merchandisable package comprising a plurality of absorbent articles as describe above. The merchandisable package may comprise a first article and a second article, wherein the second article has at least one of the eye elements EE and the covering artwork 190AW different from the first article. For example, a first article may be provided with eye elements EE in an awakened expression and the second article may be provided with the eye element in a sleeping expression. Such choice of article may provide pleasure of the caregiver when changing the diaper in the morning and before going to bed. For example, a first article and a second article may be provided with the same eye elements EE, but having different covering artwork 190AW. For example, the first and second article may be provided with the same covering artwork 190AW, but with different facial artwork FAW describing different facial expression selected from, for example, crying and smiling. Such choice of article may provide intuitive communication between the wearer and caregiver, and may support regulating life rhythm.
Referring to
Referring to
When the garment facing side of the back region 26 has a base color, the base color having an LAB value of L1, A1, and B1, the portion of the buttock artwork BAW adjacent the base color having an outline color, the outline color having an LAB value of L2, A2, and B2, the Δ E between the base color and the outline color is at least about 10, preferably from about 10 to about 50 based on the following formula, according to measurements herein.
√{square root over ((L1−L2)2+(A1−A2)2+(B1−B2)2)}
The buttock artwork BAW may have a dimension of from about 30% to about 120%, or from about 40% to about 100%, of the transverse dimension of the absorbent material existing region 62. By providing the buttock artwork BAW in such transverse dimension, the integral appearance of the artwork with the wearer is enhanced.
The article of the present invention may be that of the pant type as in
The artwork of the present invention may enhance the ergonomic fit perception of the pant type article. The elastic belt 40 has a proximal edge being located closer than a distal edge relative to the longitudinal center of the article. Referring to
Referring to
In the article of the present invention, the tensile stress of the front proximal tummy zone 106 may be made relative higher than the adjacent zones on the front, or higher than the tensile stress of any other zone, either in the front or the back. The absorbent material existing region 62 may extend throughout the crotch region 30 and extend into the front region 26 up to the distal tummy zone 104, and further extend into the back region 28 up to the distal tummy zone 104 or the proximal tummy zone 106. The absorbent material existing region 62 may be positioned such that the front and back longitudinal edges of the absorbent material existing region 62 has the same distance from the distal edges of the front region 26 and the back region 28. Alternatively, the absorbent material existing region 62 may be positioned such that the front and back longitudinal edges of the absorbent material existing region 62 has a different distance from the distal edges in the front and back. The distance of the front distal edge to the absorbent material existing region 62 may be made shorter than that in the back.
Without being bound by theory, such profiling of the tensile stress per zone and positioning of the absorbent material existing region 62 are believed to provide the article of the present invention with a shaped elastic belt 40 that conforms well to a human body, particularly to a young child of less than about 48 months of age, and therefore provide good fit and comfort to the wearer, without compromise of sagging prevention or leakage prevention. Namely, the front proximal tummy zone 106 is subject to high tensile stress such that the article may be anchored against the wearer's trochanter, while leaving more area for the back proximal tummy zone 106 to accommodate the wearer's buttock. As long as the article is anchored securely at the trochanter, the leg zone 108 adjacent the leg opening may be provided with significantly less tensile stress compared to the proximal tummy zone 106. Thus, the soft fit at the front leg opening region 120 facilitates leg movement. As a result of the profiling as described above, the article of the present invention may take an S-curve side seam 32 observed by the side when worn by the wearer, as shown as in
The artwork of the present invention may be displayed as such wherein the eye elements EE are superposed with one of the front distal tummy zone or the front proximal tummy zone. The buttock artwork BAW may be superposed with one of the back distal tummy zone, back proximal tummy zone, or back leg zone, or superposed with one of the back proximal tummy zone, or back leg zone.
For determining linear dimensions herein, the artwork or artwork elements are measured by a ruler, and according to its greatest dimension in a naturally contracted state before wear. For example, as in
For determining the angle of the devoid area DA herein, the middle point of the eye elements EE are designated as the center point EEC. When the eye elements EE are disposed symmetrically in view of the longitudinal axis, the EEC is on the longitudinal axis, however, the EEC may not necessarily be on the longitudinal axis. The open areas of the contour artwork CAW are measured of its angle from EEC. The contour artwork CAW may be discontinuous, and thus there may be more than one devoid area DA. In such case, the devoid area DA of greatest angle is measured. (Multiple devoid area DAs are not accumulated.) For example, as in
The article images are taken using a lab-built image acquisition system. The key components include a digital camera (Canon EOS 6D Mark 2 with an EF 24-105 mm f/4 L IS 2 USM lens or equivalent), a diffuse front light panel with a camera hole (DLP-600×600-WHI available from Smart Vision Lights, Muskegon, Mich. or equivalent) and a non-reflective black background plate. The articles are laid horizontally flat at the center of the black background plate. A calibrated color standard target containing 24 standard color chips (ColorChecker Passport, available from X′Rite Grand Rapids, Mich. or equivalent) are placed next to the article for color calibration. The camera is mounted right above the article at a distance of 105 cm. The front light panel is under the camera with a distance of 90 cm to the black background plate. The focal length of the camera is set to 105 cm.
The camera white balance is calibrated by using the white color standard target of the X′Rite ColorChecker Passport and Canon EOS Utility software (version 3.9.0). “Custom white balance” menu is first selected and then click on the white target to calibrate the white balance. The image acquisition settings used are ISO: 100, F: 8.0, Exposure time: 1/100 s, to achieve an image with proper exposure and contrast, such that there is no signal clipping in any of the color channels. The image is saved as .CR2 format (raw image for Canon camera) with a pixel dimension of 6240 by 4160 pixels. The resolution is 17 pixel/mm.
The image analysis of the artwork Δ E is conducted by the following steps:
√{square root over ((L1−L2)2+(A1−A2)2+(B1−B2)2)}
where L1, A1, B1 are the average L, A, B values of the first feature; L2, A2, B2, are the average L, A, B values of the second feature.
This measurement is for pant type articles. Force is measured using an Electronic Tensile Tester with a computer interface such as the MTS Criterion C42 running TestWorks 4 Software (available from MTS SYSTEMS (CHINA) CO., LTD) or equivalent instrument. A load cell is selected so that force results for the samples tested will be between 10 and 90% of capacity of the load cell used. The instrument is calibrated according to the manufacturer's instructions. All testing is performed in a room maintained at 23±2° C. and 50±5% relative humidity.
The tensile tester is fitted with hanger-type sample holding fixtures 300 as shown in
Gauge Circumference=2×(H+D+πD/2)
where H is the vertical gap between the horizontal bar sections 302, and D is the outer diameter of the bar.
The instrument is set up to go through the following steps:
A sample article 20 is inserted onto the upper horizontal bar section 302 so that the bar passes through the waist opening and one leg opening of the article. The crosshead is raised until the specimen hangs above the lower bar and does not touch lower bar 302. The load cell is tared and the crosshead is lowered to enable the lower bar 302 to be inserted through the waist opening and other leg opening without stretching the article. The article is adjusted so that the longitudinal centerline L1 of the article is in a horizontal plane halfway between the upper and lower bars 302. The center of the side portion in contact with the bar 302 is situated on the same vertical axis as the instrument load cell. The crosshead is raised slowly while the article is held in place by hand as necessary until the force is between 0.05 and 0.1N, while taking care not to add any unnecessary force. The gauge circumference at this point is the Initial Gauge Circumference. The test is initiated and the crosshead moves up at 254 mm/min until a force of 19.6N is attained, then the crosshead immediately returns to the initial gauge circumference at the same speed. The maximum circumference at 19.6N and the force at 70% stretch circumference during the extension segment of the test are recorded.
Circumference (mm)=2×(H+D+πD/2)
The maximum circumference at 19.6N is defined as the Full Stretch Circumference (mm). The 70% stretch circumference is defined as the full stretch circumference×0.7. The Waist Circumference Force is defined as the force at 70% stretch circumference during the load (extension) segment of the test.
Five samples are analyzed and their average Initial Gauge Circumference, average Full Stretch Circumference and average Waist Circumference Force are calculated and reported to the nearest 1 mm, 1 mm and 0.01 N, respectively.
The tensile stress (N/m) is calculated by tensile force (N) divided by the specimen width (m). Force may be measured using an Electronic Tensile Tester with a computer interface such as the MTS Criterion C42 running TestWorks 4 Software (available from MTS SYSTEMS (CHINA) CO., LTD) or equivalent instrument. A load cell is chosen so that force results for the samples tested will be between 10 and 90% of capacity of the load cell. The instrument is calibrated according to the manufacturer's instructions. All testing is performed in a room maintained at 23±2° C. and 50±5% relative humidity. The instrument is equipped with single line contact grips at least as wide as the test specimen.
To obtain test specimens, the sample article is cut open along the side seams 32, and the front and rear elastic belt sections 40 are removed from the main body 38 by separating the bonding between the waist belt and main body. Cold Spray may be used, paying attention not to make wrinkles in the belt sections. Care is taken not to spray on any belt elastic body 96. The obtained elastic belts 40 are severed into zones 102, 104, 106, 108 according to the present invention with care not to cut any elastic body 96. Samples are pre-conditioned at 23° C.±2 C.° and 50%±5% relative humidity for two hours prior to testing.
The instrument is set up to go through the following steps. Initial Gauge Length is calculated from the Initial Gauge Circumference which is determined during the Whole Article Force Test using separate identical articles, as described above. Initial Gauge Length=0.5× Initial Gauge Circumference. The final gauge length is calculated from the Full Stretch Circumference which is determined during the Whole Article Force Test, as described above.
One end of the specimen is clamped into the upper clamp and the load is tared. The other end of the specimen is clamped into the lower clamp. Approximately 5 mm of each end of the specimen is behind the contact line of the grip. The test is started and the specimen is extended to the final gauge length at a crosshead speed of 254 mm/min, then immediately returned to the original gauge length at the same speed. The specimen is extended in the article transverse direction during the test. The unload force at 70% of the Final Gauge Length during the unload segments of the test is recorded.
Five articles are analyzed and the unload forces are recorded for each of the front and back zones 102, 104, 106, 108. The average tensile force (N) is calculated to the nearest 0.01 N for each zone including the front and back specimens for that zone. The tensile stress for each zone is calculated by the average tensile force (N) divided by the average specimen width (m) and reported to the nearest 0.1 N/m.
A belt specimen from a pant type absorbent article 20 and a board for supporting the sample according to the size of the sample (hereinafter “stretch board”) are prepared.
The belt specimen is prepared by removing the waist belt 40 from the main body 38 of the article by separating the bonding between the waist belt and main body. Cold Spray may be used, paying attention not to make wrinkles in the belt sections. Care is taken not to spray on any belt elastic body 96. The seam length LS (see
The Full Stretch Circumference is determined during the Whole Article Force Test using different articles of the same batch, as described above. The Full Stretch Width is defined as 50% of the Full Stretch Circumference.
The stretch board 180 is made of polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, or similar rigid material and has a dimension as such:
For example, if the belt side seam length LS is 130 mm, the stretch board length should be 170-230 mm. If the Full Stretch Width of the specimen is 355 mm, and the board thickness is 8.5 mm, the board width should be 240 mm.
The stretch board 180 is inserted in the specimen while stretching the specimen as little as possible to insert the board, and in a manner such that the entire length of the seams 32 are placed on the front and back planes (and not on the sides) of the stretch board 180, such as shown in
The specimen with the stretch board 180 inserted is then stood for 1 min to reach equilibrium in an environment at 25±2° C. and 50±10% RH. The linear end-to-end side seam length (rather than the contour length) in this stretched condition (LSS) is measured. The positions of the seam 32 in the transverse direction at points 70% of LSS away from the waist opening (70% point) and at 25% of LSS away from the waist opening (25% point) in the longitudinal direction are measured, and the difference “d” (unit: mm) is obtained (see
Examples 1-6 were created as a pair of synthetic photographs of pant type articles seen from the front and the back of the article, as in Table 1. What is meant by “EE Dimension” is the percentage of the eye elements relative to the transverse dimension of the absorbent material existing region. The synthetic photographs were created to present how the article appears in the worn state.
30 panelists who were caregivers of babies using pant diapers, mostly of Size 4 or 5 (L or XL size), and having a mixture of usage experience of major brands, were recruited. The panelists were shown front/back combination of visual presentations for Example 1 (FIGS. 12A1 and 12A2) and another front/back combination of visual presentations for one of Examples 2-6, and asked which one they preferred against the listed values. In Table 2, those questions yielding statistically significant preference (at confidence level of 90%) over the other is indicated by the Example number which was preferred. Those questions that yielded only statistically insignificant preference are indicated as “NS (not significant)”.
According to the test above, Example 1 which meets the requirements of the present invention have statistically significant overall preference over Examples 2-5 which do not meet the requirements of the present invention, or at the edge of the scope (Example 3). Example 6 which also meets the requirements of the present invention have similar preference compared to Example 1.
The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean “about 40 mm.”
Every document cited herein, including any cross referenced or related patent or application, is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. The citation of any document is not an admission that it is prior art with respect to any invention disclosed or claimed herein or that it alone, or in any combination with any other reference or references, teaches, suggests or discloses any such invention. Further, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall govern.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2019/070520 | Jan 2019 | CN | national |
| PCT/CN2019/119401 | Nov 2019 | CN | national |
