Patent Application
20190178543
The present disclosure relates generally to air conditioning and heat pump systems, and more particularly to an accumulator and oil separator device for use in such systems.
In general, compressors used in air conditioning systems and heat pump systems are designed to compress vapor refrigerant. In view of the incompressibility of liquids by compressors, it is generally desirable to prevent a liquid refrigerant from reaching a compressor. In some cases, an accumulator may be used in the refrigerant path to the compressor to prevent a refrigerant from reaching the compressor in a liquid form. For example, refrigerant may enter the accumulator in liquid form under some operating conditions, such as low temperature conditions, and when the system is started after being idle for a long period.
In some air conditioning systems and heat pump systems that include an accumulator, the use of an oil separator may also be desirable. To illustrate, some of the oil that is used to lubricate the compressor typically enters the refrigerant line of an air conditioning system and a heat pump system along with the refrigerant. In some case, the amount of the lubricant oil that leaves the compressor may be large enough to result in damage to the compressor due to reduced lubrication. In some cases, the amount of oil that remains in the refrigerant line from the compressor may be also large enough to affect the heat transfer capability of other components of air conditioning and heat pump systems. To prevent undesired effects of oil leaving the compressor, an oil separator can be used to return the oil that enters the refrigerant line back to the compressor. In general, a separate oil return line is used to return the separated oil back from the oil separator to the compressor. In some cases, limited availability of space may present challenges to install both an accumulator and an oil separator and to route the oil return line back to the compressor.
Thus, a solution that overcomes challenges associated with separate accumulator and oil separator components is desirable.
The present disclosure relates generally to air conditioning and heat pump systems, and more particularly to an accumulator and oil separator device for use in such systems. In some example embodiments, an accumulator and oil separator device includes a housing having a cavity, an oil separator unit disposed in the cavity and designed to separate oil from a refrigerant and oil mix received from a compressor and to output the oil into the cavity. The accumulator and oil separator device further includes an accumulator inlet tube to carry a received refrigerant into the cavity. The accumulator and oil separator device also includes an accumulator outlet tube to output the received refrigerant and the oil from the cavity.
In another example embodiment, an air conditioning system includes an evaporator coil, a condenser coil, a compressor, and an accumulator and oil separator device. The compressor is in fluid communication with the evaporator coil and the condenser coil through the accumulator and oil separator device. The accumulator and oil separator device includes a housing having a cavity, an oil separator unit disposed in the cavity and designed to separate oil from a refrigerant and oil mix received from the compressor, where the oil separator unit outputs the oil into the cavity. The accumulator and oil separator device further includes an accumulator inlet tube to carry a refrigerant into the cavity. The accumulator and oil separator device also includes an accumulator outlet tube to output the refrigerant and the oil from the cavity to the compressor.
In another example embodiment, a heat pump system includes an indoor coil, an outdoor coil, a compressor, a reversing valve, and an accumulator and oil separator device. The compressor is in fluid communication with the indoor coil and the outdoor coil through the accumulator and oil separator device and the reversing valve. The accumulator and oil separator device includes a housing having a cavity, and an oil separator unit disposed in the cavity and designed to separate oil from a refrigerant and oil mix received from the compressor, where the oil separator unit outputs the oil into the cavity. The accumulator and oil separator device further includes an accumulator inlet tube to carry a refrigerant into the cavity. The accumulator and oil separator device also includes an accumulator outlet tube to output the refrigerant and the oil from the cavity to the compressor.
These and other aspects, objects, features, and embodiments will be apparent from the following description and the appended claims.
Reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, and wherein:
The drawings illustrate only example embodiments and are therefore not to be considered limiting in scope. The elements and features shown in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the example embodiments. Additionally, certain dimensions or placements may be exaggerated to help visually convey such principles. In the drawings, the same reference numerals that are used in different drawings designate like or corresponding, but not necessarily identical elements.
In the following paragraphs, example embodiments will be described in further detail with reference to the figures. In the description, well-known components, methods, and/or processing techniques are omitted or briefly described. Furthermore, reference to various feature(s) of the embodiments is not to suggest that all embodiments must include the referenced feature(s).
Turning now to the figures, particular example embodiments are described.
In some example embodiments, the accumulator and oil separator device 100 includes a housing 102, an accumulator inlet tube 106, an accumulator outlet tube 108, an oil separator inlet tube 110, and an oil separator outlet tube 112. The tubes 106-112 may provide passageways to and from a cavity of the housing 102. For example, some or all of the tubes 106-112 may extend through a top wall 104 of the housing 102 into the cavity of the housing 102. The tubes 106-112 may be soldered or brazed to the top wall 104 of the housing 102 to securely attach the tubes 106-112 to the housing 102.
In some example embodiments, the accumulator and oil separator device 100 may prevent a large amount of refrigerant from reaching a compressor in liquid form. For example, the accumulator and oil separator device 100 may receive a refrigerant through the accumulator inlet tube 106, which carries the refrigerant into the cavity of the housing 102. In some cases, the received refrigerant may include a liquid portion that can damage a compressor if received by the compressor in liquid form. To avoid such damage to the compressor, the accumulator and oil separator device 100 can be placed in the suction line of air condition systems and heat pump systems to prevent the liquid portion of the refrigerant from reaching the compressor of such systems. For example, the liquid portion of the refrigerant received through the accumulator inlet tube 106 may be vaporized in the accumulator and oil separator device 100, for example, due to a pressure differential, through the accumulator and oil separator device 100. The partially liquid refrigerant received by the accumulator and oil separator device 100 exits the accumulator and oil separator device 100 in vapor form through the accumulator outlet tube 108.
In some example embodiments, an oil separator unit is disposed inside the housing. To illustrate, the oil separator unit may receive a refrigerant and oil mix from a compressor and may extract the oil from the refrigerant and oil mix or otherwise separate the oil from the refrigerant in the refrigerant and oil mix. To illustrate, the oil separator inlet tube 110 may carry the refrigerant and oil mix from outside of the housing into the oil separator unit inside the housing 102. For example, the oil separator inlet tube 110 may be coupled to the discharge line of an air conditioning or heat pump system to receive the refrigerant and oil mix. The oil separator unit may output the separated refrigerant from the accumulator and oil separator device 100 through the oil separator outlet tube 112. The oil separator unit may output the separated oil into the cavity of the housing 102, where the separated oil exits the housing 102 through the accumulator outlet tube 108 as described on more detail below.
By limiting a large amount of liquid refrigerant from reaching a compressor and by separating and returning lubricant oil back to the compressor, the accumulator and oil separator device 100 reduces the risk of damage or inefficient operation while eliminating the need for separate spaces required to install multiple devices. The accumulator and oil separator device 100 further eliminates the need to provide a separate oil return line to the compressor.
In some example embodiments, the accumulator and oil separator device 100 may be made from one or more materials such as steel, copper, etc. using methods such as cutting, bending, welding, etc. Although the tubes 106-112 are shown at particular locations on the top wall 104 of the housing 102, in alternative embodiments, the tubes 106-112 may be at different locations without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In some alternative embodiments, the housing 102 and the tubes 106-112 may each have a different shape than shown without departing from the scope of this disclosure.
In some example embodiments, the oil separator unit 202 may be suspended in the cavity or may alternatively be positioned on the bottom wall 216. For example, the oil separator unit 202 may be suspended from the top wall 104 by tubes 210, 212. The tube 210 may be a portion of the oil separator inlet tube 110, and the tube 212 may be a portion of the oil separator outlet tube 112. The oil separator inlet tube 110 and the oil separator outlet tube 112 may be securely attached to the top wall 104, for example, by brazing or other means at the contact areas of the tubes 110, 112 with the top wall 104.
As described above, the accumulator and oil separator device 100 may receive a refrigerant through the accumulator inlet tube 106, which transports the refrigerant into the cavity 204 of the housing 102. A liquid portion of the refrigerant, when present, may be vaporized in the housing 102. The refrigerant in the cavity 204 may exit the housing 102 through the accumulator outlet tube 108 in a vapor form. To illustrate, the refrigerant received in the cavity 204 may enter a refrigerant inlet opening 218 of the accumulator outlet tube 108 in vapor form, flow through a pipe 214, and exit the accumulator outlet tube 108 through a refrigerant outlet opening 224 of the accumulator outlet tube 108. The tube 214 may be a portion of the accumulator outlet tube 108.
The refrigerant inlet opening 218 of the accumulator outlet tube 108 may be positioned at a level above a surface 222 of a liquid in the cavity 204. For example, the refrigerant inlet opening 218 of the accumulator outlet tube 108 may be proximal to the top wall 104 of the housing 102 and above the oil separator unit 202. To illustrate, the accumulator outlet tube 108 may be a J-shaped tube as shown in
As described above, the oil separator unit 202 may receive a refrigerant and oil mix, for example, from a compressor. The refrigerant and oil mix may be carried into the oil separator unit 202 by the oil separator inlet tube 110 that extends through the top wall 104 of the housing 102. The oil separator unit 202 may separate oil and refrigerant from the refrigerant in the received refrigerant and oil mix and output the refrigerant through the oil separator outlet tube 112 that extends through the top wall 104 of the housing 102. The oil separator unit 202 may output the extracted/separated oil through an oil return tube or port 208. The oil return tube 208 is designed to output the separated oil into the cavity 204 of the housing 102.
In some example embodiments, the tubes 208, 210, 212 may extend into a top cover 206 of the oil separator unit 202. Alternatively, one or more of the tubes 208, 210, 212 may be attached to a respective tube or port providing a respective passageway to and from the inside of the oil separator unit 202.
In some example embodiments, the tube 214 may include a metering orifice 220 that allows the oil in the cavity to enter the tube 214 in a controlled manner. The oil that is metered into the tube 214 may exit the accumulator and oil separator device 100 through the refrigerant outlet opening 224 of the accumulator outlet tube 108. The oil may exit the accumulator and oil separator device 100 through the refrigerant outlet opening 224 along with the refrigerant that entered the refrigerant inlet opening 218 of the accumulator outlet tube 108. The refrigerant and the separated oil that exit the accumulator and oil separator device 100 through the accumulator outlet tube 108 may be provided to a compressor. For example, the oil and the refrigerant may exit the accumulator and oil separator device 100 through the accumulator outlet tube 108 as a result of the system pressure differential that is present during operations of compressor-driven air condition systems and heat pump systems.
The metering orifice 220 may be positioned such that the oil in the cavity 204 reaches a particular level before the oil is metered into the tube 214. In some example embodiments, the level of the oil in the cavity may be higher than the metering orifice 220 depending on the amount of oil separated from the received refrigerant and oil mix and the rate at which the oil is metered into tube 214 through the metering orifice 220.
In some example embodiments, the oil in the cavity 204 may also include oil that is received by the accumulator and oil separator device 100 through accumulator inlet tube 110. To illustrate, although the accumulator and oil separator device 100 removes and returns to the compressor oil separated from the refrigerant and oil mix, some amount of oil from the compressor may still flow past the oil separator unit 202 and may be received by the accumulator and oil separator device 100 through the accumulator inlet tube 106 along with the refrigerant. The oil that is received through the accumulator inlet tube 106 may accumulate in the cavity 204 of the housing 102 along with the oil separated by the oil separator unit 202. The oil that is received through the accumulator inlet tube 106 along with the separated oil may be metered through the metering orifice 220 and exit the accumulator and oil separator device 100 in the same manner as described with respect to the oil separated by the oil separator unit 202.
In some example embodiments, a portion of the tube 214 may extend below the oil separator unit 202. Alternatively, the tube 214 may be positioned laterally from the oil separator unit 202. In some example embodiments, the tube 214 may be in contact with the bottom wall 216. Alternatively, a gap may exist between the bottom wall 216 and the tube 214.
In some example embodiments, the accumulator and oil separator device 100 including the oil separator unit 202 and the tubes may be made from one or more materials such as steel, copper, etc. using methods such as cutting, bending, welding, etc. For example, the housing 102 and the shell of the oil separator unit 202 may be made from galvanized steel and the tubes may be made from copper. In general, the housing 102, the oil separator unit 202, and the tubes of the accumulator and oil separator device 100 may be sized based on the desired capacity of an air conditioning system and heat pump system.
Because the oil separated by the oil separator unit 202 exits the accumulator and oil separator device 100 through the accumulator outlet tube 108, which is also used to output the received refrigerant from the accumulator and oil separator device 100 in vapor form, an oil return line that is typically used to return oil to a compressor from a standalone oil separator will not be required. The accumulator and oil separator device 100 also eliminates the need for separate spaces required to install multiple devices.
In some alternative embodiments, the oil separator unit 202 and the tubes of the accumulator and oil separator device 100 may be at different locations than shown without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In some alternative embodiments, the tube 210 may be attached to the oil separator inlet tube 110, effectively forming a single tube. In some alternative embodiments, the tube 212 may be attached to the oil separator outlet tube 112, effectively forming a single tube. In some alternative embodiments, the tube 214 may be attached to the accumulator outlet tube 108, effectively forming a single tube. In some example embodiments, the accumulator inlet tube 106 may be terminated at the top wall 204 or may extend lower into the cavity 204 of the housing 102. In some alternative embodiments, the housing 102 and the oil separator unit 202 may each have a different shape than shown without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In some alternative embodiments, the tubes may have different shapes and/or lengths than shown without departing from the scope of this disclosure
In some example embodiments, the tube 306 may be attached to the tube 210 (thus to the oil separator inlet tube 110) and allow a refrigerant and oil mix to flow into the oil separator unit 202 from outside the accumulator and oil separator device 100. The tube 210 may be attached to the tube 306 by means such as brazing, screwing, etc. The tube 308 may be attached to the tube 212 and allow the separated refrigerant to flow out of the oil separator unit 202 through the oil separator outlet tube 112, for example, to a compressor. The tube 212 may be attached to the tube 308 by means such as brazing, screwing, etc.
In some example embodiments, the oil separator unit 202 may include a float 310 that controls the output of the separated oil from the cavity 304. For example, the float 310 may control whether the separated oil enters the oil return tube 208 based on the level of a surface 312 of the separated oil in the cavity 304. When the surface 312 of the separated oil reaches a certain level, the float may open an inlet opening of the oil return tube 208 at a bottom of the oil return tube 208 as can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art with the benefit of this disclosure. The separated oil that enters the oil return tube 208 may exit the oil separator unit 202 through an outlet opening 312 of the oil return tube 208. The separated oil may exit the oil return tube 208 onto the top cover 206. Alternatively, the separated oil may be guided beyond the outer perimeter of the oil separator unit 202 by another tube or by the oil return tube 208 that is shaped differently.
In some alternative embodiments, the oil separator unit 202 may be a different type of oil separator than shown without departing from the scope of this disclosure. For example, the oil separator unit 202 may include other components that facilitate the separation of the oil from the received refrigerant and oil mix.
In some example embodiments, the accumulator and oil separator device 100 is positioned between the evaporator coil 402 and the compressor 406. That is, the refrigerant exiting the evaporator coil 402 flows through the accumulator and oil separator device 100 to reach the compressor 406. To illustrate, a refrigerant pipe 410 may be coupled to the accumulator inlet tube 106 to carry the refrigerant, which may be in a vapor form or mostly in a vapor form, from the evaporator coil 402 to the accumulator and oil separator device 100. A refrigerant pipe 412 may be coupled to the accumulator outlet tube 108 to carry the received refrigerant, in the vapor form, as well as the oil separated by the oil separator unit 202 to the compressor 406.
In some example embodiments, a refrigerant pipe 414 may be coupled to the oil separator inlet tube 110 of the accumulator and oil separator device 100. The refrigerant pipe 414 may transport the refrigerant, which may be a compressed hot gas mixed with lubricant oil, from the compressor 406 to the accumulator and oil separator device 100. The oil separator unit 202 may receive the refrigerant and oil mix from the compressor 406 through the oil separator inlet tube 110 and separate the oil and the refrigerant from each other as described above. As described above, the separated oil may be returned to the compressor 406 through the accumulator outlet tube 108 along with the refrigerant, in vapor form, received by the accumulator and oil separator device 100 from the evaporator coil 402.
In some example embodiments, a refrigerant pipe 416 may be coupled to the oil separator outlet tube 112 of the accumulator and oil separator device 100. The refrigerant pipe 416 may transport the refrigerant separated by the oil separator unit 202 from the accumulator and oil separator device 100 to the condenser coil 404.
As illustrated in
In some example embodiments, the system 400 may include components other than shown in
In some example embodiments, when the system 500 is configured to operate in a cooling mode, the system 500 operates in a similar manner as described above with respect to the system 400. To illustrate, the indoor coil 502 may operate as an evaporator coil to cool down an indoor space, and the outdoor coil 504 may operate as a condenser coil to remove heat from the refrigerant circulating through the system 500.
In contrast, when the system 500 operates in a heating mode to heat an indoor space, the indoor coil 502 may operate as a condenser coil to remove from the refrigerant, and the outdoor coil 504 may operate as an evaporator coil. When operating in a heating mode, the reversing valve 510 allows the system 500 to operate in a similar manner as described with respect to the system 400, where the indoor coil 502 corresponds the condenser coil 404, and where the outdoor coil 504 corresponds to the evaporator coil 402.
In some example embodiments, the system 500 may include components other than shown in
Although particular embodiments have been described herein in detail, the descriptions are by way of example. The features of the embodiments described herein are representative and, in alternative embodiments, certain features, elements, and/or steps may be added or omitted. Additionally, modifications to aspects of the embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the following claims, the scope of which are to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass modifications and equivalent structures.
