The industrial field of this disclosure relates to wired and wireless communications and in particular to the Insteon® network. The Insteon network and protocol are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,081,649. In general, an Insteon system is able to propagate radio frequency (RF) and power line transmissions over extended distances at relatively low power. Such a network consists of a number of spatially separated transceiver devices and processor based software protocols requiring each device to retransmit a received transmission, usually more than once. The retransmissions are simultaneously sent out by all devices that have received the original transmission. In this manner, an original transmission is able to propagate by hops from one device to the next so that a distant device, although not able to receive the original transmission may be able to receive a retransmission. When the number of retransmissions is more than one, the probability of the most distant device receiving a message is increased so that with a large network operating with multiple retransmissions, even the most distant device may be able to receive the originally transmitted message. However, because of RF transmission interference, low transmission power, power line noise, power line phase incompatibilities and other problems there is a need for improved methods to assure full transmission reception over the entire network.
The complexity of a mesh network of devices is significantly reduced based on distributed intelligence allowing all devices to simultaneously respond to a generic input with each executing a unique or specific local response. Other networks use a series of specific commands each directed to a particular device from a central controller. This limits scalability of the network due to eventual delays as the network increases in size.
The presently described extension of the Insteon network technology and its operating protocol provides for improved operations in meeting the primary objective of the network, which is to assure that all designated devices (devices) receive an intended transmission, or at least a notice that such transmission has occurred. As defined in U.S. Pat. No. 8,081,649 an original transmission is received by Insteon devices in the network that are within range and is retransmitted so that when multiple retransmissions occur the probability of remote devices receiving a message incorporated in an original transmission is high. However, experience has shown that for the reasons described above, some intended recipients of the original transmission may not receive it. The presently described improvement on the Insteon protocol provides a further assurance of fully completing a transmission-reception cycle to all designated or targeted devices within the network.
The present Insteon protocol includes acquiring acknowledgements from each member of a targeted group to which an original transmission is sent. Presently, when one member of the group does not acknowledge, expensive remedial steps must be taken such as a physical inspection of the errant device. However, when a group comprises a plurality of members, if the errant member receives an acknowledgement transmission sent by another member of the same group, the errant member is able to recognize that an original transmission was sent and then is able to transmit its own acknowledgement as well as take a required action. This improved protocol has significant advantages and may provide cost and time savings in the management of the network. Therefore, each acknowledgement transmission from a group member serves two purposes; first to inform the original transmitter device that the group member did receive the original transmission and took a designated action, and second, to further inform other members of the same group that the original transmission did in fact occur so that they may take action as well. Other benefits of this extension to the Insteon protocol will be identified in the following detailed description.
As defined in U.S. Pat. No. 8,081,649 which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, a network of spatially separated Insteon® modules (“devices” herein) are able to communicate by electrical or optical transmission means with each other so that they may be used to relay messages to intended recipients although such recipients are not able to directly receive a transmission from a particular device.
This relaying process will occur when each of the devices is set to automatically retransmit a received transmission even though a given device is not the intended target. Such retransmissions can result in transmission hops over a significant distance to reach an intended remote device even using relatively low transmission power. The '649 patent details the equipment, system arrangement, message structure and software automation that is necessary to accomplish this desirable outcome. One aspect of the Insteon network and its intended objectives is to assure that transmissions are, in fact, received by all targeted devices. Therefore after a transmission is sent to all network devices or to an identified sub-group of the network, the originating device transmits an invitation to each of the targeted devices in turn to send back an acknowledgement transmission. Failing to receive an acknowledgement after one or more additional attempts may well initiate remedial action which may incur expense.
In the Insteon network the spatially separated devices are able to be in mutual communication by at least one of wired and wireless means. Each device has a data processor, a memory device, a transceiver, and a digital instruction set, which is stored within the memory device and which enables a protocol for processing messages that are received, and for compiling and transmitting messages as well.
A plurality of the devices may be present in a transmission space which may, for instance, include the interior of a building or other structure. The present method involves the transmission of information between the devices and includes a specific sequence of steps. As described, communications may be carried out via power line transmissions, radio frequency transmissions, or through other means and may include simultaneous transmissions via multiple means. The set of possible transmission means is referred to herein as “the channel.”
To assure that the primary message has reached all of its targeted group members, the originator device transmits a series of secondary messages, one at a time in sequence; each targeted to only a selected one of the group members of the target group. Each secondary message, as before, is received by the other devices and is then retransmitted. The secondary message is referred to as a Group Clean-up Direct message and is intended to both confirm and re-enforce the original intention of the primary message.
All other devices that receive and repeat the secondary message have the additional opportunity to interrogate the secondary message for relevance to information stored in their own databases. The information carried by both the primary message and the secondary message contains the address, and the group number of the originator device as well as a command; see commend 1 in
Upon receipt of a Group Clean-up Direct message (
A group member may receive the Group Clean-up Direct message directly from the originator device as transmitted by the originator device, or from one or more of the other devices including other members of the same group, as a retransmission of the Group Clean-up Direct message. Furthermore, the group member may receive a transmitted acknowledgement message transmitted by any member of the same group. In certain cases, the group member will act to execute the command and transmit an acknowledgement message. The acknowledgement messages may be received directly by the originator device as transmitted by the group members, or may receive the acknowledgement message as retransmitted by one or more of the other devices.
All devices repeating the Group Clean-up acknowledgement message transmitted by a group member have the additional opportunity to interrogate the message for relevance to information stored in memory. Since the message being repeated contains information including the address of the originator device, group number, and command; a comparison of this information with information stored in memory, can, based on an information match, cause the execution of a change in state to match values stored in memory. Since an acknowledgement message may originate from a different physical location than the precursor Group Clean-up Direct message, there is an opportunity for group members that do not receive the Group Clean-up Direct message to receive another group member's acknowledgement message. Also, since the occurrence in time is different between a Group Clean-up Direct message and an acknowledgement message, transient noise in the channel is typically not a hindrance to the reception of messages. The logical flow diagram of
The present method of transmitting information between devices in a network of said devices operates through a communication channel which may use radio frequency transmissions, modulation on power lines and other means. The method includes transmitting a command message from an originator device to a first group of member devices of the network of devices where the member devices all have the same group number, see “Command 2” under “Data” in
It should be clear that the second group and the third group may be equal in number or one may be larger than the other. From the foregoing we know that the groups may be represented as follows: GU, G1, G2, G3 and G4, where:
Embodiments of the subject apparatus and method have been described herein. Nevertheless, it will be understood that modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and understanding of this disclosure. Accordingly, other embodiments and approaches are within the scope of the following claims.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
7345998 | Cregg | Mar 2008 | B2 |
7663502 | Breed | Feb 2010 | B2 |
7904187 | Hoffberg | Mar 2011 | B2 |
8081649 | Cregg | Dec 2011 | B2 |
8190275 | Chang | May 2012 | B2 |
8301180 | Gailloux | Oct 2012 | B1 |
8495244 | Bonar | Jul 2013 | B2 |
8516087 | Wilson | Aug 2013 | B2 |
8610305 | Sarid | Dec 2013 | B2 |
8619819 | Seelman | Dec 2013 | B2 |
8653935 | Baker | Feb 2014 | B2 |
9014067 | Chun | Apr 2015 | B2 |
9054892 | Lamb | Jun 2015 | B2 |
9071453 | Shoemaker | Jun 2015 | B2 |
9078087 | Yoon | Jul 2015 | B2 |
9081501 | Asaad | Jul 2015 | B2 |
9143962 | Brady | Sep 2015 | B2 |
9148443 | Chizeck | Sep 2015 | B2 |
20140009063 | Cregg | Jan 2014 | A1 |
20140022061 | Apte | Jan 2014 | A1 |
20140219193 | Linde | Aug 2014 | A1 |
20140269425 | Fisher | Sep 2014 | A1 |
20140280398 | Smith | Sep 2014 | A1 |
20140321268 | Saltsidis | Oct 2014 | A1 |
20150120000 | Coffey | Apr 2015 | A1 |
20150295949 | Chizeck | Oct 2015 | A1 |
Entry |
---|
Insteon. Whitepaper: The Details. Version 2.0, 2013. |
“Refresh! INSTEON Technology,” Electronic Design (EE) Product News, Staff Article, Apr. 5, 2006. |