The present disclosure relates generally to oil and gas operations and, more particularly, to an actuating tool for actuating an auxiliary tool downhole in a wellbore.
As shown in
The frac tree 130 is connected to, and adapted to be in fluid communication with, the wellhead 135, opposite the wellbore 120. For example, the frac tree 130 may be, include, or be part of the wellhead 135. One or more frac pumps 145 are connected to, and adapted to be in fluid communication with, the frac tree 130. The frac pump(s) 145 are operable to supply fracturing fluid to the wellbore 120 during a hydraulic fracturing operation, as will be described in further detail below. During such a hydraulic fracturing operation, the fracturing fluid is utilized to hydraulically fracture a target zone of a subterranean formation adjacent a perforated zone of the wellbore 120. The lubricator 125 is connected to, and adapted to be in fluid communication with, the frac tree 130, opposite the wellhead 135. The lubricator 125 facilitates deployment of the downhole tool 110 through the wellhead 135 and into the wellbore 120 to a location proximate the target zone of the subterranean formation.
The downhole tool 110 includes an actuating tool 150. In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool 150 is, includes, or is part of a setting tool. The downhole tool 110 is deployable from the lubricator 125, through the wellhead 135, and into the wellbore 120 to a location proximate the target zone of the subterranean formation, as will be described in further detail below. In one or more embodiments, as in
The perforating gun(s) 155 are connected to the conveyance string 115 at an end of the conveyance string 115 opposite the conveyance truck 105. Moreover, the actuating tool 150 is connected to the perforating gun(s) 155, opposite the conveyance string 115, and the plug 160 is connected to the actuating tool 150, opposite the perforating gun(s) 155. The plug 160 is actuable (e.g., radially expandable) by the actuating tool 150 as part of the plug-and-perforate operation at a location proximate the target zone of the subterranean formation, as will be described in further detail below. Finally, the perforating gun(s) 155 are operable as part of the plug-and-perforate operation to perforate the wellbore 120 (e.g., a casing string cemented into the wellbore 120) proximate the target zone of the subterranean formation, as will be described in further detail below.
The piston rod 210b extends from the piston head 210a in the main housing 180 and into the internal passage 230 of the auxiliary sleeve 190. The plug adapter 205 is connected to the piston rod 210b, opposite the piston head 210a, and extends within the internal passage 230 of the auxiliary sleeve 190. The plug 160 (not visible in
The piston rod 210b defines opposing end portions 285a and 285b and an outer surface 290. In one or more embodiments, the piston rod 210b is generally cylindrical. An external threaded connection 295 is formed in the outer surface 290 of the piston rod 210b at the end portion 285a. The external threaded 295 connection of the piston rod 210b threadably engages the internal threaded connection 280 of the piston head 210a to thereby connect the piston head 210a to the piston rod 210b at the end portion 285a of the piston rod 210b.
The main housing 180 includes an internal threaded connection 300 at an end portion thereof opposite the conductor sub (not shown). The housing retainer 185 defines opposing end portions 305a and 305b and an outer surface 310. An external threaded connection 315 is formed in the outer surface 310 of the housing retainer 185 at the end portion 305a. The external threaded connection 315 of the housing retainer 185 engages the internal threaded connection 300 of the main housing 180 to connect the housing retainer 185 to the main housing 180. External annular grooves 320a and 320b are formed into the outer surface 310 of the housing retainer 185, which external annular grooves 320a and 320b are each adapted to accommodate a sealing element enabling the housing retainer 185 to sealingly engage the main housing 180. Likewise, an external threaded connection 325 is formed in the housing retainer 185 at the end portion 305b.
The housing retainer 185 includes a collar 330 extending outwardly from the outer surface 310 between the external annular grooves 320a and 320b and the external threaded connection 315. In one or more embodiments, the external threaded connection 315 of the housing retainer 185 is threaded into the internal threaded connection 300 of the main housing 180 until the collar 330 of the housing retainer 185 engages the end portion of the main housing 180 opposite the conductor sub (not shown). Spanner slots 335a and 335b are formed radially into the collar 330 (the spanner slot 335a is also shown in
An internal passage 345 is formed into the housing retainer 185 at the end portion 305b, which internal passage 345 only extends partially through the housing retainer 185. The internal passage 345 is in fluid communication with the internal passage 230 of the auxiliary sleeve 190. A projection 350 extends from the end portion 305a of the housing retainer 185, which projection 350 forms part of the housing retainer 185. The projection 350 has a diameter smaller than that of the housing retainer 185 at the end portion 305a. An external shoulder 355 is formed at the end portion 305a of the housing retainer 185 between the projection 350 and the external threaded connection 315. An internal passage 360 extends through the housing retainer 185, including the projection 350, from the sub-chamber 225b into the internal passage 345. The internal passage 345 has a diameter larger than that of the internal passage 360. The internal passage 345 defines an internal shoulder 365 in the housing retainer 185, adjacent the internal passage 360. The internal passage 360 accommodates the piston rod 210b extending from the piston head 210a. Internal annular grooves 370a and 370b are formed into housing retainer 185 at the internal passage 360, which internal annular grooves 370a and 370b are each adapted to accommodate a sealing element enabling the housing retainer 185 to sealingly and slidably engage the piston rod 210b. An opening 375 is formed through the housing retainer 185, including at least a portion of the projection 350 (as more clearly shown in
The housing 420 includes opposing end portions 430a and 430b. The end portion 430a of the conductor housing 420 has a diameter smaller than that of the end portion 430b. An external shoulder 435 is formed in the conductor housing 420 between the end portions 430a and 430b. The external shoulder 435 of the conductor housing 420 engages the internal shoulder 415 in the piston head 210a. External annular grooves 440a and 440b are formed into the conductor housing 420 at the end portion 430b, which external annular grooves 440a and 440b are each adapted to accommodate a sealing element enabling the conductor housing 420 of the conductive fitting 240 to sealingly engage the piston head 210a. An external threaded connection 445 is formed in the conductor housing 420 at the end portion 430b, adjacent the sub-chamber 225b. The external threaded connection 445 formed in the conductor housing 420 threadably engages the internal threaded connection 416 formed in the piston head 210a to thereby connect the conductor housing 420 to the piston head 210a. An opening 450 is formed through the conductor housing 420 between the sub-chambers 225a and 225b, which opening 450 includes opposing end portions 455a and 455b. The end portions 455a and 455b of the opening 450 extend adjacent the sub-chambers 225a and 225b, respectively. The end portion 455b of the opening 450 has a diameter larger than that of the end portion 455a. The end portion 455b of the opening 450 defines an internal shoulder 460 in the piston head 210a, adjacent the end portion 455a. An internal threaded connection 465 is formed in the conductor housing 420 at the end portion 455b of the opening 450.
The electrical conductor 425 defines opposing end portions 470a and 470b. A blind hole 475 is formed in the end portion 470a of the electrical conductor 425, which blind hole 475 only extends partially through the electrical conductor 425. An external threaded connection 480 is formed in the electrical conductor 425 proximate the end portion 470a. The external threaded connection 480 of the electrical conductor 425 threadably engages the internal threaded connection 465 of conductor housing 420 to thereby connect the electrical conductor 425 to the conductor housing 420. The electrical conductor 245b (e.g., the wire) connects the conductor sub (not shown) to the end portion 470a of the electrical conductor 425 at the blind hole 475. Likewise, a blind hole 485 is formed in the end portion 470b of the electrical conductor 425, which blind hole 485 only extends partially through the electrical conductor 425. External annular grooves 490a and 490b are formed in the electrical conductor 425 at the end portion 470b, which external annular grooves 490a and 490b are each adapted to accommodate a sealing element enabling the electrical conductor 425 to sealingly engage the conductor housing 420. The electrical conductor 245a (e.g., the wire) connects the seal assembly 235 to the end portion 470b of the electrical conductor 425 at the blind hole 485.
The opening 375 formed through the housing retainer 185, including the at least a portion of the projection 350 (as more clearly shown in
The load ring 525 defines opposing end portions 555a and 555b. An internal passage 560 extends through the load ring 525 from the end portion 555a to the end portion 555b. The internal passage 560 accommodates the heating element 520. The end portion 555b of the load ring 525 engages the end portion 535a of the seal plug 515. The seal retainer 530 defines opposing end portions 565a and 565b. The end portion 565b of the seal retainer 530 engages the end portion 555a of the load ring 525. An external threaded connection 570 is formed in the seal retainer 530. The external threaded connection 570 of the seal retainer 530 threadably engages the internal threaded connection 510 of the housing retainer 185. An internal passage 575 extends through the seal retainer 530. A tool receptacle 580 is formed in the seal retainer 530 at the internal passage 575. Moreover, the internal passage 575 of the seal retainer 530 accommodates the heating element 520. The tool receptacle 580 is adapted to receive a tool, which tool is utilized to threadably tighten the external threaded connection 570 of the seal retainer 530 into the internal threaded connection 510 of the housing retainer 185. When so threadably tightened, the seal retainer 530 squeezes the load ring 525 against the seal plug 515 to hold the end portion 535b of the seal plug 515, including the external annular grooves 545a and 545b each accommodating a sealing element, within the end portion 495b of the opening 375. As a result, the seal plug 515 sealingly engages the housing retainer 185 at the end portion 495b of the opening 375, thereby preventing, or at least reducing, fluid communication between the internal passage 345 of the housing retainer 185 and the sub-chamber 225b. The electrical conductor 245a (e.g., the wire) connects the heating element 520 of the seal assembly 235 to the end portion 470b of the electrical conductor 425 at the blind hole 485.
Turning to
The sub-step 590c further includes, at a sub-step 590cb, communicating wellbore pressure through the opening 375 in the housing retainer 185 and into the sub-chamber 225b, as shown in
The sub-step 590c further includes, at a sub-step 590cc, moving the piston head 210a within the chamber 220 using the wellbore pressure in the sub-chamber 225b, as shown in
Finally, the sub-step 590c includes, at a sub-step 590cd, radially expanding the plug 160 into engagement with a wall of the wellbore 120 using the movement of the piston head 210a. Moving the piston head 210a within the chamber 220 using the wellbore pressure at the sub-step 590cc also causes the piston rod 210b and the plug adapter 205 to move in the direction 600. The sealing elements accommodated within the internal annular grooves 370a and 370b of the housing retainer 185 sealingly and slidably engage the piston rod 210b as the piston rod 210b moves in the direction 600. The plug adapter 205 is connected to the plug 160 and, as a result, the movement of the plug adapter 205 actuates the plug 160, causing the packer element 165 (shown in
Although described herein as including the seal plug 515, the load ring 525, the seal retainer 530, and the heating element 520, in addition, or instead, the seal assembly 235 may be or include another type of seal assembly such as, for example, a chemically-degradable seal assembly, a mechanically-actuable and/or mechanically-degradable seal assembly, a hydraulically-actuable and/or hydraulically-degradable seal assembly, the like, or a combination thereof. In such embodiments, the step 590ca of degrading the at least a portion of the seal assembly 235 using the heating element 520 is correspondingly altered or replaced with a step of chemically degrading at least a portion of the chemically-degradable seal assembly using a wellbore fluid (or another fluid), a step of mechanically actuating and/or mechanically degrading the mechanically-actuable and/or mechanically-degradable seal assembly, a step of hydraulically actuating and/or hydraulically degrading the hydraulically-actuable and/or hydraulically-degradable seal assembly, the like, or a combination thereof.
In one or more embodiments, the use of the actuating tool 150 and/or the execution of the method 585 eliminates the need for explosive or other energetic devices to actuate the plug 160, permitting a slower, smoother, and steadier actuation of the plug 160 due to the constant wellbore pressure applied to the piston head 210a. Further, the use of the actuating tool 150 and/or the execution of the method 585 eliminates, or at least decreases, the amount of shock usually associated with the actuation of plugs by detonation of energetic devices, thereby more reliably setting the plug 160 in the wellbore 120. Further still, the use of the actuating tool 150 and/or the execution of the method 585 decreases the costs usually associated with the actuation of plugs by detonation of energetic devices by, for example, eliminating consumables and improving reusability.
In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool 150 is manufactured in accordance with the foregoing description, and/or one or more of
In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool 150 is produced in accordance with one or more methods, the one or more methods being described above and/or illustrated in
In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool 150 is redressed. In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool 150 is redressed after use and/or the execution of the method 585. In one or more embodiments, after the actuating tool 150 has been redressed, the redressed actuating tool 150 is operated in accordance with the foregoing description, and/or the method 585 is executed using the redressed actuating tool 150. In one or more embodiments, redressing the actuating tool 150 after each use, and/or after each execution of the method 585, allows the actuating tool 150 to be used repeatedly. In one or more embodiments, to redress the actuating tool 150, a redress kit is provided, and component(s) of the redress kit is/are installed in the actuating tool 150 in accordance with the foregoing description and/or
In several embodiments, the actuating tool 150 or a portion thereof is provided as a kit, which may be assembled. In several embodiments, a portion of the actuating tool 150 is provided as a kit, and the portion is assembled using the components of kit and/or is installed in the remainder of the actuating tool 150.
A downhole tool has been disclosed, which downhole tool is adapted to be positioned into a wellbore. The downhole tool generally includes: an actuating tool, including: a main housing; a housing retainer connected to the main housing so that, in combination, the main housing and the housing retainer at least partially define a chamber; a piston extending through the housing retainer and dividing the chamber into first and second sub-chambers; an auxiliary sleeve connected to the housing retainer, opposite the main housing; and a seal assembly; and an auxiliary tool connected to the auxiliary sleeve, opposite the housing retainer; wherein the actuating tool is actuable to: a first configuration, in which: the seal assembly is sealingly disengaged from the housing retainer to permit fluid communication, via a first opening in the housing retainer, between the first sub-chamber and the wellbore; the fluid communication between the first sub-chamber and the wellbore moves the piston to a first axial position relative to the housing retainer; and the movement of the piston to the first axial position actuates the auxiliary tool to a first state. In one or more embodiments, the fluid communication between the first sub-chamber and the wellbore is further permitted via a second opening in the auxiliary sleeve. In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool is further actuable: from a second configuration, in which: the seal assembly sealingly engages the housing retainer to fluidically isolate the first sub-chamber from the wellbore; the piston is situated in a second axial position relative to the housing retainer; and the auxiliary tool is in a second state; to the first configuration. In one or more embodiments, the seal assembly includes: a heating element; and the heating element is adapted to degrade at least a portion of the seal assembly to sealingly disengage the seal assembly from the housing retainer, thereby actuating the actuating tool from the second configuration to the first configuration. In one or more embodiments, the piston includes: a piston head dividing the chamber into the first and second sub-chambers; and a piston rod connected to the piston head and extending through the housing retainer. In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool further includes: a conductive fitting extending through the piston head and between the first and second sub-chambers; and a first electrical conductor connecting the conductive fitting to the seal assembly; and the first electrical conductor is adapted to communicate electricity from the conductive fitting to the seal assembly to sealingly disengage the seal assembly from the housing retainer, thereby actuating the actuating tool from the second configuration to the first configuration. In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool further includes: a conductor sub connected to the main housing, opposite the housing retainer, so that, in combination, the main housing, the housing retainer, and the conductor sub define the chamber; and a second electrical conductor connecting the conductor sub to the conductive fitting; and the second electrical conductor is adapted to communicate electricity from the conductor sub to the conductive fitting. In one or more embodiments, the auxiliary tool includes a plug, which plug includes: a packer element; and a plurality of slip elements.
A first method has also been disclosed. The first method generally includes: positioning a downhole tool into a wellbore, the downhole tool including: an actuating tool, including: a main housing; a housing retainer connected to the main housing so that, in combination, the main housing and the housing retainer at least partially define a chamber; a piston extending through the housing retainer and dividing the chamber into first and second sub-chambers; an auxiliary sleeve connected to the housing retainer, opposite the main housing; and a seal assembly; and an auxiliary tool connected to the auxiliary sleeve, opposite the housing retainer; and actuating the actuating tool: to a first configuration, in which: the seal assembly is sealingly disengaged from the housing retainer to permit fluid communication, via a first opening in the housing retainer, between the first sub-chamber and the wellbore; the fluid communication between the first sub-chamber and the wellbore moves the piston to a first axial position relative to the housing retainer; and the movement of the piston to the first axial position actuates the auxiliary tool to a first state. In one or more embodiments, the fluid communication between the first sub-chamber and the wellbore is further permitted via a second opening in the auxiliary sleeve. In one or more embodiments, the method further includes: actuating the actuating tool: from a second configuration, in which: the seal assembly sealingly engages the housing retainer to fluidically isolate the first sub-chamber from the wellbore; the piston is situated in a second axial position relative to the housing retainer; and the auxiliary tool is in a second state; to the first configuration. In one or more embodiments, the seal assembly includes: a heating element; and actuating the actuating tool from the second configuration to the first configuration includes degrading, using the heating element, at least a portion of the seal assembly to sealingly disengage the seal assembly from the housing retainer. In one or more embodiments, the piston includes: a piston head dividing the chamber into the first and second sub-chambers; and a piston rod connected to the piston head and extending through the housing retainer. In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool further includes: a conductive fitting extending through the piston head and between the first and second sub-chambers; and a first electrical conductor connecting the conductive fitting to the seal assembly; and actuating the actuating tool from the second configuration to the first configuration includes communicating electricity, via the first electrical conductor, from the conductive fitting to the seal assembly to sealingly disengage the seal assembly from the housing retainer. In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool further includes: a conductor sub connected to the main housing, opposite the housing retainer, so that, in combination, the main housing, the housing retainer, and the conductor sub define the chamber; and a second electrical conductor connecting the conductor sub to the conductive fitting; and actuating the actuating tool from the second configuration to the first configuration further includes communicating electricity, via the second electrical conductor, from the conductor sub to the conductive fitting. In one or more embodiments, the auxiliary tool includes a plug, which plug includes: a packer element; and a plurality of slip elements.
An actuating tool has also been disclosed, which actuating tool is adapted to be positioned into a wellbore. The actuating tool generally includes: a main housing at least partially defining a chamber; a piston dividing the chamber into first and second sub-chambers; and a seal assembly; wherein the actuating tool is actuable to: a first configuration, in which: the seal assembly is sealingly disengaged to permit fluid communication, via a first opening, between the first sub-chamber and the wellbore; and the fluid communication between the first sub-chamber and the wellbore moves the piston to a first axial position relative to the main housing. In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool further includes: a housing retainer connected to the main housing so that, in combination, the main housing and the housing retainer at least partially define the chamber; wherein the first opening is formed in the housing retainer. In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool further includes: an auxiliary sleeve connected to the housing retainer, opposite the main housing; and the fluid communication between the first sub-chamber and the wellbore is further permitted via a second opening in the auxiliary sleeve. In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool is further actuable: from a second configuration, in which: the seal assembly is sealingly engaged to fluidically isolate the first sub-chamber from the wellbore; and the piston is situated in a second axial position relative to the main housing; to the first configuration. In one or more embodiments, the seal assembly includes: a heating element; and the heating element is adapted to degrade at least a portion of the seal assembly to sealingly disengage the seal assembly, thereby actuating the actuating tool from the second configuration to the first configuration. In one or more embodiments, the piston includes: a piston head dividing the chamber into the first and second sub-chambers; and a piston rod connected to the piston head. In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool further includes: a conductive fitting extending through the piston head and between the first and second sub-chambers; and a first electrical conductor connecting the conductive fitting to the seal assembly; and the first electrical conductor is adapted to communicate electricity from the conductive fitting to the seal assembly to sealingly disengage the seal assembly, thereby actuating the actuating tool from the second configuration to the first configuration. In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool further includes: a conductor sub connected to the main housing so that, in combination, the main housing and the conductor sub at least partially define the chamber; and a second electrical conductor connecting the conductor sub to the conductive fitting; and the second electrical conductor is adapted to communicate electricity from the conductor sub to the conductive fitting.
A second method has also been disclosed. The second method generally includes: positioning an actuating tool into a wellbore, the actuating tool including: a main housing at least partially defining a chamber; a piston dividing the chamber into first and second sub-chambers; and a seal assembly; and actuating the actuating tool: to a first configuration, in which: the seal assembly is sealingly disengaged to permit fluid communication, via a first opening, between the first sub-chamber and the wellbore; and the fluid communication between the first sub-chamber and the wellbore moves the piston to a first axial position relative to the main housing. In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool further includes: a housing retainer connected to the main housing so that, in combination, the main housing and the housing retainer at least partially define the chamber; and the first opening is formed in the housing retainer. In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool further includes: an auxiliary sleeve connected to the housing retainer, opposite the main housing; and the fluid communication between the first sub-chamber and the wellbore is further permitted via a second opening in the auxiliary sleeve. In one or more embodiments, the method further includes: actuating the actuating tool: from a second configuration, in which: the seal assembly is sealingly engaged to fluidically isolate the first sub-chamber from the wellbore; and the piston is situated in a second axial position relative to the main housing; to the first configuration. In one or more embodiments, the seal assembly includes: a heating element; and actuating the actuating tool from the second configuration to the first configuration includes degrading, using the heating element, at least a portion of the seal assembly to sealingly disengage the seal assembly. In one or more embodiments, the piston includes: a piston head dividing the chamber into the first and second sub-chambers; and a piston rod connected to the piston head. In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool further includes: a conductive fitting extending through the piston head and between the first and second sub-chambers; and a first electrical conductor connecting the conductive fitting to the seal assembly; and actuating the actuating tool from the second configuration to the first configuration includes communicating electricity, via the first electrical conductor, from the conductive fitting to the seal assembly to sealingly disengage the seal assembly. In one or more embodiments, the actuating tool further includes: a conductor sub connected to the main housing so that, in combination, the main housing and the conductor sub at least partially define the chamber; and a second electrical conductor connecting the conductor sub to the conductive fitting; and actuating the actuating tool from the second configuration to the first configuration further includes communicating electricity, via the second electrical conductor, from the conductor sub to the conductive fitting.
It is understood that variations may be made in the foregoing without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
In several embodiments, the elements and teachings of the various embodiments may be combined in whole or in part in some or all of the embodiments. In addition, one or more of the elements and teachings of the various embodiments may be omitted, at least in part, and/or combined, at least in part, with one or more of the other elements and teachings of the various embodiments.
Any spatial references, such as, for example, “upper,” “lower,” “above,” “below,” “between,” “bottom,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “angular,” “upwards,” “downwards,” “side-to-side,” “left-to-right,” “right-to-left,” “top-to-bottom,” “bottom-to-top,” “top,” “bottom,” “bottom-up,” “top-down,” etc., are for the purpose of illustration only and do not limit the specific orientation or location of the structure described above.
In several embodiments, while different steps, processes, and procedures are described as appearing as distinct acts, one or more of the steps, one or more of the processes, and/or one or more of the procedures may also be performed in different orders, simultaneously and/or sequentially. In several embodiments, the steps, processes, and/or procedures may be merged into one or more steps, processes and/or procedures.
In several embodiments, one or more of the operational steps in each embodiment may be omitted. Moreover, in some instances, some features of the present disclosure may be employed without a corresponding use of the other features. Moreover, one or more of the above-described embodiments and/or variations may be combined in whole or in part with any one or more of the other above-described embodiments and/or variations.
Although several embodiments have been described in detail above, the embodiments described are illustrative only and are not limiting, and those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that many other modifications, changes and/or substitutions are possible in the embodiments without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the present disclosure. Accordingly, all such modifications, changes, and/or substitutions are intended to be included within the scope of this disclosure as defined in the following claims. In the claims, any means-plus-function clauses are intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents, but also equivalent structures. Moreover, it is the express intention of the applicant not to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112(f) for any limitations of any of the claims herein, except for those in which the claim expressly uses the word “means” together with an associated function.
This application claims the benefit of the filing date of, and priority to, U.S. Application No. 63/047,062, filed Jul. 1, 2020, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20220003066 A1 | Jan 2022 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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63047062 | Jul 2020 | US |