The invention relates to an actuator, in particular for actuating a transmission to select a transmission ratio and to engage or disengage the selected transmission ratio and/or for actuating a clutch. The invention further relates to a transmission including at least one actuator of this kind.
Various actuators for transmissions or clutches are known in the art.
DE 196 55 083 B4 discloses an actuator for a transmission with a controller drum integrated into the transmission housing. The clutch actuator is designed to be separate therefrom.
WO 97/02963 discloses an actuator for a transmission and a clutch wherein the actuation of the transmission and the actuation of the clutch are carried out by means of actuators that are separate from one another.
WO 02/066870 A1 discloses a transmission actuation wherein a transmission ratio is disengaged in an automated way when a different transmission ratio is engaged.
An object of the invention is to provide an actuator for a transmission that is of simple and cost-efficient construction.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention relates to an actuator, in particular for actuating a transmission to select a transmission ratio and to engage or disengage the selected transmission ratio and/or for actuating at least one clutch, with at least one cylindrical control element on which at least a first ring element for controlling the clutch, a second ring element as a drive element, a third ring element for shift control, and a fourth ring element for shift actuation are disposed for rotation, wherein the first ring element is connected to a clutch for actuating the clutch upon a rotation of the first ring element, the second ring element is connected to a drive for rotating the second ring element in a controlled and driven way, the third ring element is provided with actuating means interacting with corresponding actuating means of the first, second, and fourth ring element, and wherein the fourth ring element is connected to shifting elements of a transmission for shifting a transmission ratio. The first ring element and/or the third ring element may be rotated by a rotation of the second ring element. The clutch may be actuated by a rotation of the first ring element. The fourth ring element may be actuated by a rotation of the third ring element, causing the transmission to be actuated to select a transmission ratio and to engage or disengage a transmission ratio.
In this context it is advantageous if the cylindrical control element has at least one protruding tab acting as a rotation stop of the first ring element, wherein the first ring element has at least one contact surface that rests against the tab when the ring element is in a defined position relative to the control element.
In accordance with the invention, it is preferred if the cylindrical control element is a stationary element, which is fixedly connected to the transmission housing, for instance, and is not disposed for rotation. On this cylindrical control element, the ring elements are received for rotation; individual ring elements are rotatable only through a limited angle of rotation, whereas other ring elements are rotatable in one or both directions, in particular through 360° or more than 360°.
It is particularly advantageous if the ring elements are disposed adjacent to one another as viewed in an axial direction of the control element.
It is further expedient if the second ring element has means connected to drive means of a drive to drive the second ring element in a first or in a second direction of rotation.
It is particularly advantageous if the means are or comprise a circumferential toothing meshing with a gear of the drive. Thus the second ring element may easily be driven to rotate in the one or in the other direction of rotation.
In accordance with the invention, it is further advantageous if the second ring element has recesses through which actuating means of the third ring element extend in an axial direction. The third ring element may drive the first ring element if the actuating means pass through the recess and protrude out of the latter and in a different mode of operation, the third ring element may not drive the first ring element if the actuating means do not protrude out of the recess.
It is further expedient if the third ring element has first actuating means that extend to the second ring element in an axial direction and if the third ring element has second actuating means that extend to the fourth ring element in an axial direction.
It is particularly advantageous if the first actuating means of the third ring element extend through the recesses of the second ring element. These then serve to actuate the first ring element.
It is further advantageous if the first actuating means of the third ring element has a contact surface interacting with a contact surface of the first ring element. In this way, the first ring element may be displaced by means of the third ring element.
It is particularly advantageous if the contact surface of the first ring element and the contact surface of the third ring element are disposed to be inclined in a circumferential direction.
It is further advantageous if the second actuating means of the third ring element are designed to have contact surfaces interacting with contact surfaces of the actuating means of the fourth ring element. Thus the third ring element may interact with the fourth ring element to displace the latter.
It is further advantageous if the second actuating means of the third ring element are embodied as tabs that protrude in an axial direction and if the actuating means of the fourth ring element are recesses in which the actuating means of the third ring element engage.
In accordance with the invention it is advantageous if the cylindrical control element and the third ring element have ramp elements that interact with one another in a pre-defined relative position of the control element and the third ring element. In this process, the third ring element is lifted by means of the ramp elements, causing the actuating means of the third ring element to disengage from the recesses of the fourth ring element.
It is further advantageous if the fourth ring element is a roller element that has at least one guide track or guide tracks disposed on its outer circumference and/or on an end face. Thus the fourth ring element may be embodied as a controller drum whose guide tracks are engaged by shifting means of the transmission to cause an actuating element of the transmission to be actuated when the contour of the guide track changes.
It is further advantageous if an energy storage element is provided between the second ring element and the third ring element to pre-load the two ring elements away from one another.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention relates to a transmission with a plurality of transmission ratios and with at least one clutch, characterized by at least one actuator.
In this context, it is advantageous if two actuators are provided to select a transmission ratio and to engage or disengage the selected transmission ratio and/or to actuate two clutches.
It is further advantageous if the transmission is a double clutch transmission.
The present invention will be explained below based on preferred exemplary embodiments and in connection with the associated figures.
The invention will he explained in greater detail in the following section on the basis of exemplary embodiments, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
As it is apparent from
Ring element 5 serves to actuate a clutch and is thus connected to a clutch actuating element for controlling the clutch; this is diagrammatically indicated by connection 13 to clutch 14.
Ring element 6 serves as a drive element that is in driving connection with drive 15. Ring element 6 may be driven in a first direction of rotation or in the opposite second direction of rotation by means of drive 15. For this purpose, ring element 6 preferably has means 16 that are in driving connection with drive means 17 of drive 15 to drive ring element 6 in the first or second directions of rotation. Means 16 may be a gear or a toothing meshing with a toothing of drive 15. In a corresponding way, drive 15 may rotate ring element 6 to drive ring element 5 and/or ring element 8.
Ring element 7, which is disposed adjacent to ring element 6 and is provided with actuating means 18, 19 interacting with ring element 5 or with ring element 8, is provided to drive ring element 5 or ring element 8. Ring element 6 has recesses 20, which receive actuating means 18 of ring element 6. Actuating means 18 are designed in such a way that they may respectively extend through recess 20 in an axial direction.
Actuating means 18 have a first region that is essentially rectangular when viewed from the side and a second region embodied as an end region and inclined on one flank to be capable of interacting with contact surface 11 of actuating means 10 of ring element 5. When actuating means 18 extends through recess 20 and protrudes from recess 20, actuating means 18 may get into contact with contact surface 11 upon a rotation of ring element 6, and upon a further rotation, ring element 5 may be rotated in this way. If, after a rotation of ring element 5 to the right, ring element 6 is rotated to the left again, ring element 5 follows this rotation because ring element 5 is connected to clutch 14 and, due to the pre-loading of the clutch, a force is applied to ring element 5 in an indirect way so that in a not-actuated condition, contact surface 11 of ring element 5 gets into contact with tab 12.
If ring element 7 is displaced in an axial direction so that actuating means 8 does not protrude out of recess 20, ring element 6 may be rotated with ring element 7 without causing actuating means 18 to get into contact with support surface 11 and without causing ring element 5 to be co-rotated.
Ring element 7 further includes actuating means 19 that protrude in an axial direction and protrude from ring element 7 in the opposite direction from actuating means 18. Actuating means 19 may engage in recesses 21 as actuating means of ring element 8 to be capable of moving ring element 8 in the respective direction of rotation when actuating means 19 engages in recess 21. For this purpose, actuating means 19 are embodied to have a trapezoidal shape, having opposing inclined contact surfaces, which in turn get into contact with inclined contact surfaces associated with recesses 21.
In
Energy storage element 22 is provided between ring element 6 and ring element 7 to apply a load to ring elements 6, 7 relative to one another in a way to urge ring element 7 away from ring element 6 and towards ring element 8.
In addition, ramp surfaces 35 are provided radially inside actuating means 19. Upon a rotation of ring element 7 relative to cylindrical control element 2, these ramp surfaces 35 get into contact with ramp surfaces 34, causing ring element 7 to rise relative to control element 2 and actuating means 19 to disengage from recesses 21 of ring element 8 upon contact between ramp surfaces 34, 35.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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10 2013 219316.5 | Sep 2013 | DE | national |
The present application is the U.S. national stage application pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §371 of International Patent Application No. PCT/DE2014/200392, filed Aug. 8, 2014, which application claims priority from German Patent Application No. 10 2013 219 316.5, filed Sep. 25, 2013, which applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/DE2014/200392 | 8/8/2014 | WO | 00 |