Patent Grant
12186879
The present disclosure relates to power tools, and in particular to precision power tools.
Power tools are utilized in many industries to provide a mechanical advantage to their users. These power-driven tools provide force, torque, and/or impact not otherwise achievable under man power alone. Moreover, many of these tools are designed to be hand-portable and battery-driven, making them ever more useful over an increasingly wider range of applications.
Present-day precision power tools employ a display, keypad and wireless communication circuits (together called user interface module or UI module) built into the power tool. With a UI module: (1) servicing the UI module may require recall of the entire power tool; (2) the industry uses separate power tools for fixed precision and programmable precision; and (3) upgrading for better display and new wireless features for tools already in service may be more involved.
There is thus a need in the industry to develop measures to allow adaptability and provide flexibility for precision power tools, and in particular those with the UI module.
The present disclosure relates to power tools, and in particular to precision power tools.
An aspect of the present disclosure includes a power tool comprising: a rotatable tool holder adapted to receive a work instrument; a motor adapted to drive the rotation of the tool holder; a housing containing at least the motor and a handle extending therefrom that is configured to be gripped to manipulate the tool; a power source detachably coupled to the handle and adapted to deliver power to the motor; an actuator adapted to select powered operation of the tool; and a user-interface module detachably coupled to the housing and configured to receive operational input, wherein the user-interface module communicates the operational input to the tool to govern operational characteristics of the tool.
Another aspect of the present disclosure includes wherein the user-interface module further comprises a digital display, a user input, and wireless communication capabilities.
Another aspect of the present disclosure includes wherein the operational input comprises electric power characteristics, motor control characteristics, or operational mode status.
Another aspect of the present disclosure includes wherein the operational input is received from a user or a remotely positioned wireless communication device.
Another aspect of the present disclosure includes wherein the user-interface module is selectable between active and inactive states, wherein with the user-interface module in the active state the tool operates as a programmable precision tool and with the user-interface module in the inactive state the tool operates as a fixed precision tool.
Another aspect of the present disclosure includes wherein detaching the user-interface module from the housing sets the tool in a default mode as a fixed precision tool.
Another aspect of the present disclosure includes wherein the user-interface module is configured to draw electric power from the power source, and wherein the power tool and the user-interface module are configured to communicate data between one another.
Another aspect of the present disclosure includes a power tool system comprising: a power tool comprising: a rotatable tool holder configured to receive a work instrument; a motor adapted to drive the rotation of the tool holder; a housing containing at least the motor and a handle extending therefrom configured to be gripped to manipulate the power tool; a power source detachably coupled to the handle and configured to deliver power to the motor; an actuator configured to be actuated to select powered operation of the power tool; and a user-interface module comprising: a digital display; and an input device for receiving programmable instruction, wherein the module detachably couples to the housing to switch the power tool from a fixed precision mode to a programmable precision mode.
Another aspect of the present disclosure includes a method of operating a power tool comprising: providing a fixed precision power tool having a default operation mode; operating the power tool according to the default operation mode; detachably coupling a user-interface module to the power tool; reprogramming the operation of the power tool to a programmed operation mode through the user interface module; and operating the power tool according to the programmed operation mode.
Another aspect of the present disclosure includes detaching the user-interface module to return the power tool to the fixed precision power mode.
The foregoing and other features, advantages, and construction of the present disclosure will be more readily apparent and fully appreciated from the following more detailed description of the particular embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Some of the embodiments will be described in detail, with reference to the following figures, wherein like designations denote like members:
A detailed description of the hereinafter described embodiments of the disclosed apparatus and method are presented herein by way of exemplification and not limitation with reference to the Figures listed above. Although certain embodiments are shown and described in detail, it should be understood that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the appended claims. The scope of the present disclosure will in no way be limited to the number of constituting components, the materials thereof, the shapes thereof, the relative arrangement thereof, etc., and are disclosed simply as an example of embodiments of the present disclosure.
As a preface to the detailed description, it should be noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” include plural referents, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
The drawings depict illustrative embodiments of a power tool 10. The embodiments may comprise various structural and functional components that complement one another to provide the unique functionality and performance of the tool 10, the particular structure and function of which will be described in greater detail herein. For example, embodiments of the tool 10 may comprise a power tool and a detachable user interface (UI), as well as other structural and functional components, that may be capable of establishing electrical, physical, and communications connectivity to or with one another to perform their respective intended functions.
Referring to the drawings,
Embodiments of the power tool 10 may comprise the motor 22 being configured to drive a shaft, either directly or through a gear mechanism, that provides the mechanical output to power or drive the operational aspects of the power tool 10. For example, the motor 22 may be configured to drive the shaft in a rotary motion to drive components of the power tool 10, such as the spindle 24 and the tool bit coupled thereto.
Embodiments of the power tool 10 may further comprise a power source 26 that provides power to the motor 22. The power source 26 may be configured to be detachably coupled to the power tool 10. For example, the power source 26 may be a portable and/or rechargeable power source, such as, for example, a rechargeable battery that may be configured to physically couple to the power tool 10 at a handle or grip portion 28 that extends outwardly from the housing 20. Specifically, the grip portion 28 may have a first end 27 and a second end 29, the first end 27 being coupled to the housing 20 and the second end 29 being configured to have detachably coupled thereto the power source 26. In this way, the power source 26, such as the battery, may electrically drive the motor 22. Alternatively, the power source 26 may be a hydraulic or pneumatic power source, such as, for example, a high pressure, compressed fluid source (e.g., air compressor or water pump) that may be operatively coupled by hose to the second end 29 of the grip portion 28. In this way, the compressed fluid may pneumatically or hydraulically drive the motor and thereby the operational aspects of the power tool 10.
Embodiments of the power tool 10 may comprise an actuator 21 that may operatively and selectively couple the power source 30 to the motor. The actuator 21 may be configured to activate a switch (not depicted) for selectively actuating the motor by providing or restricting power thereto, as the case may be. For example, actuating the actuator 21 from a resting state to an engaged state may operatively couple the power source 26 to the motor 22, and releasing the actuator 21 from the engaged state to the resting state may decouple the power source 26 from the motor 22. Embodiments of the power tool 10 may further comprise a reversing switch (not shown) that selectively reverses a direction (i.e., clockwise or counterclockwise) in which the motor 22 drives the tool holder, the drive shaft, or the spindle 24. As depicted, the power tool 10 may be a battery-powered, cordless impact drill. However, the power tool 10 may be any type of corded, cordless, pneumatic, electric, or combustion powered tool, such as, for example, a screwdriver, an impact driver or wrench, a hammer, a hammer drill, a nailer, a stapler, a saw, a grinder, a sander, a router, and/or a flashlight, just to name a few.
Embodiments of the tool 10 may further comprise a control unit 30 for governing the operational aspects of the tool 10. The control unit 30 may be a power board or a printed circuit board (PCB) having at least one processor (e.g., a microprocessor or microcontroller), which may be configured to operate according to instructions, algorithms, or program code and data stored in its memory. The memory may comprise non-volatile, read-only memory (ROM) and/or rewriteable memory, such as one or more EEPROMs and flash memory or mechanically addressable memory, such as a hard drive. The memory may also include volatile memory, such as RAM, DRAM and SRAM. The memory may be configured to store one or more predetermined values, data, or operational programs.
Embodiments of the power tool 10 may further comprise the control unit 30 being configured to permit or restrict some of the general operational aspects of the power tool 10. For example, the control unit 30 may be configured to sense the state of the actuator 21, such that under the condition the actuator 21 is transitioned from the resting state to the engaged state the control unit 30 permits the motor 22 to operate by drawing power from the power source 26, and such that under the condition the actuator 21 is released from the engaged state to the resting state the control unit 30 instructs the motor 22 to halt by disengaging the motor 22 from the power source 26. For example, when an operator depresses the actuator 21, the control unit 30 instructs the power source 26 to provide power to the motor 22 and when the operator releases the actuator 21, the control unit 30 instructs the power source 26 to cut power to the motor 22. The control unit 30 may also be configured to be in operative communication with the motor 22, such as to enable power switching.
Embodiments of the tool 10 may further comprise an intelligent motor control board (MCB) 40. The MCB 40 may be a power board or a printed circuit board (PCB) having at least one processor (e.g., a microprocessor or microcontroller), which may be configured to operate according to instructions, algorithms, or program code and data stored in its memory. The memory may comprise non-volatile, read-only memory (ROM) and/or rewriteable memory, such as one or more EEPROMs and flash memory or mechanically addressable memory, such as a hard drive. The memory may also include volatile memory, such as RAM, DRAM and SRAM. The MCB 40 may also be configured to be in communication with the motor 22 and with one or more sensors (not depicted), such as Hall sensors, torque sensors, angle sensors, or other signal sensors, which may themselves be in operative communication with the motor 22 or other component parts of the tool 10. As such, the sensors may be configured to sense one or more operational characteristics of the motor 22, such as speed, torque, rotational angle, etc., and communicate these sensed characteristics to the MCB 40. Thereafter, or based on the sensed characteristics received, the MCB 40 may be configured to provide operational input to the control unit 30 to govern the operational aspects of the motor 22. For example, the MCB 40 may be configured to send a pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal to the control unit 30, to thereby direct operational aspects of the motor 22 and thus the tool 10. Embodiments of the tool 10 may comprise the control unit 30 and the MCB 40 being part and portion of the same printed circuit board (PCB) and thus share component parts thereof.
Embodiments of the tool may further comprise a user-interface module (UIM) 50. The UIM 50 may be designed and configured to permit a user to provide input or instruction to, program, direct, or otherwise communicate with the tool 10. The UIM 50 may be configured on or near the back end 18 of the housing 20. Alternatively, UIM 50 may be configured on another portion of the housing 20, such as, for example, on a side surface, top surface, etc. The UIM 50 may be configured to receive the input from the user and communicate such direction to the tool 10, and in particular to one or more of the control unit 30 and the MCB 40, such that the control unit 30 and/or the MCB 40 can govern or otherwise direct the operational aspects of the tool 10 as desired by the user.
Embodiments of the tool 10 may further comprise a processing unit 55 for governing the operational aspects of the UIM 50. The processing unit 55 may be a power board or a printed circuit board (PCB) having at least one processor (e.g., a microprocessor or microcontroller), which may be configured to operate according to instructions, algorithms, or program code and data stored in its memory. The memory may comprise non-volatile, read-only memory (ROM) and/or rewriteable memory, such as one or more EEPROMs and flash memory or mechanically addressable memory, such as a hard drive. The memory may also include volatile memory, such as RAM, DRAM and SRAM. The memory may be configured to store one or more predetermined values, data, or operational programs. The processing unit 55 may be configured to update, revise, bring-up-to-date, alter, adapt, amend, adjust, modify, or otherwise change the instructions, algorithms, or program code and data stored in its memory according to new instructions, data, or programming received from an input device 52 or an external source 70, to be described in greater detail herein.
The UIM 50 may comprise one or more input devices 52, such as a keypad or keyboard, configured to receive one or more input parameters 56. The input parameters 56 may be configured to govern the operational aspects of the tool 10. For example, the input parameters may be predetermined operating values within which the tool 10 is to operate. The input parameters 56 may be one or more programs that update, revise, change, adapt, bring current, or otherwise control or govern the operational aspects of the tool 10.
The input parameters 56 may be provided to the power tool 10 by an external source 70. The external source 70 may be, for example, a user or operator of the power tool 10. For example, the external source 70 may be a user or operator that physically utilizes or operates the one or more input devices 52 to input, or otherwise communicate, the one or more input parameters 56 to the UIM 50 and/or the power tool 10.
The UIM 50 may further comprise a wireless communication circuit 51. The wireless communication circuit 51 may be adapted to receive by wireless communication a signal, data, or communication from a remotely located external source 70. For example, the external source 70 may be an external input device (not depicted), such as a computer or other internet-enabled or wireless communication device, capable of wired or wireless electronic communication with the UIM 50, and thus with the power tool 10, to provide operating instruction and/or input parameters 56 to the tool 10. In addition thereto, the wireless communication circuit 51 may also be adapted to receive wired communication from the external source 70, as the case may be.
Embodiments of the tool 10 may further comprise the UIM 50 having a display 54. The display 54 may comprise any digital device which can be perceived by a user and is capable of visually communicating information from the UIM 50 or the power tool 10 to the user. The display 54 may be, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light-emitting diode (LED) display, including an organic LED (OLED) display, or an organic electroluminescent (EL) display. Moreover, embodiments of the display 54 may be configured as a touch pad that enables the display 54 to operate not only as a visual display but also as the input device 52 to permit the user to input the one or more instructions, programs, and/or input parameters 56 into the UIM 50 and/or the power tool 10.
Embodiments of the power tool 10 may comprise the display 54 being part of the power tool 10 on a separate portion of the housing 20 apart from the UIM 50, but nevertheless configured to be in operational communication with the UIM 50. The display 54, whether integral with the UIM 50 or as a separate component of the power tool 10 in operational communication with the UIM 50, may be configured or adapted to display any of the information that was described above or below, such as but not limited to, input parameters 56, operation modes, locked or unlocked modes, remaining battery capacity, number of additional power tool operations that may be performed in view of the remaining battery capacity, tool identification information, current limit threshold, battery discharge threshold, etc.
Embodiments of the power tool 10 may comprise the UIM 50 further comprising the processing unit 55 being configured to govern the operational aspects of the UIM 50, including but not limited to receiving input from the input device 52, displaying information on the display 54, communicating with the power tool 10 and its associated control unit 30 and MCB 40, and communicating with the user and/or the external source 70. Embodiments of the power tool 10 may comprise the UIM 50 further comprising being configured to borrow the processing power of the power tool 10, including component parts of the control unit 30 and/or the MCB 40 to govern the operational aspects of the UIM 50, including but not limited to receiving input from the input device 52, displaying information on the display 54, communicating with the power tool 10 and its associated control unit 30 and MCB 40, and communicating with the user and/or the external source 70.
Embodiments of the power tool 10 may comprise the UIM 50 being a separate component apart from the tool 10, but configured to detachably couple to the housing 20. In other words, the UIM 50 may be configured to be physically coupled to (e.g., via receipt of a fastener 58 through an aperture 60 formed through the UIM 50) or detached from the housing 20. In this embodiment, with the UIM 50 in physical contact with the housing 20, the UIM 50 may be configured to have one or more communication links that correspond to cooperative communication links on the housing 20 of the tool 10. For example, the UIM 50 may have at least a power communication link 62 and a data communication link 64 that correspond to and communicate with at least a corresponding power communication link 72 and a data communication link 74 of the tool 10, the power communication link 72 and the data communication link 74 being in operative communication with one or more of the MCB 40 and the control unit 30. As such, under the condition the UIM 50 is releasably coupled to the housing 20, the power communication link 62 and the data communication link 64 are placed in operative communication with the corresponding power communication link 72 and the data communication link 74, respectively, such that power and data can flow or otherwise be provided between the tool 10 and the UIM 50. In this way, the instructions received by the UIM 50 from the external source 70 (i.e., user or remotely located wireless communication device) can be transmitted from the UIM 50 to the component parts of the tool 10, such as the MCB 40 and/or the control unit 30, and vice versa, to govern operations of the tool 10.
Embodiments of the tool 10 may comprise the tool 10 and the UIM 50 being adapted to connect to one another by a receptacle and plug configuration. For example, the tool 10 may comprise the receptacle component 71 on a back end of the housing 20, whereas the UIM 50 may comprise the corresponding plug component 61 on its back face (i.e., facing away from the side of the display 54). As such, when the UIM 50 is brought into proximity with the back end 18 of the housing 20, the UIM 50 can not only physically couple to the housing 20 but also electrically and operatively couple to the receptacle 71 by way of the plug 62. Alternatively, embodiments of the tool 10, having the UIM 50 coupled thereto, may comprise the plug being positioned on the housing 20 and the receptacle positioned on the UIM 50.
Embodiments of the tool 10 may comprise the tool 10 being adapted to function according to a pre-programmed operation mode stored in the control unit 30 and/or MCB 40. Thus, without the input from the UIM 50, the tool 10 may nevertheless function according to this predetermined mode. The tool 10 operating according to this configuration may be considered a fixed precision power tool or a tool having a fixed-precision operating mode. This may also be considered a default mode of operation. In this configuration, the tool 10 may operate in the fixed precision mode without the UIM 50 physically coupled to the tool 10, or, alternatively, the tool 10 may operate in the fixed precision mode with the UIM 50 coupled to the tool 10 but in an inactive state.
However, as described herein, embodiments of the tool 10 may comprise the UIM 50 being configured to physically releasably couple to the housing 20, such that the power communication link 62 and the data communication link 64 of the UIM 50 are placed in operative communication with the corresponding power communication link 72 and the data communication link 74 of the housing 20, respectively, such that power and data can flow, or otherwise be provided, between the tool 10 and the UIM 50. Thus, with the UIM 50 connected to the tool 10 and in operative communication with the control unit 30 and/or MCB 40, the UIM 50 may provide adaptive capabilities to the tool 10 to allow the tool 10 to switch between operational modes or functions, or at the very least allow the user, or external source 70, to direct operations of the tool. For example, for a first set of tasks the user, or external source 70, may configure the tool 10 through the UIM 50 to operate according to a first set of operational standards and for a second set of tasks the user, or external source 70, may configure the tool 10 through the UIM 50 to operate according to a second set of operational standards, and so on and so forth.
Several advantages over conventional power tools can be achieved by separating the UIM 50 from the tool 10, or at least allowing the UIM 50 to be detachably coupled to the tool 10. For example, the tool 10 may be configured with the physical hardware that enables the tool 10 to function in more than one mode of operation. The tool 10 may be configured to operate as a drill, an impact wrench, or other mode of operation with the same tool family. But, the physical capabilities of the tool 10 may be governed by the instructions provided to the tool 10 by the UIM 50. For example, the UIM 50 may be attached to the tool 10 to communicate to the tool 10 in which mode of operation the tool 10 is to operate (i.e., whether to operate as a drill or as an impact wrench, or the like). Thereafter, the user, or the external source 70, may communicate with the UIM 50, by the input device 52 or wireless signal, to change or alter the operational aspects of the tool 10 (i.e., to switch to another operation of the drill, impact wrench, or the like). Alternatively, to change the operational aspects of the tool 10, the user may simply interchange one UIM 50 that directs the tool 10 in one mode of operation for another UIM 50 that directs the tool 10 in a second mode of operation, an example of which is shown in
Additional advantages include serviceability, scalability, upgradeability, and reduced costs. Embodiments of the tool 10 comprising the UIM 50 allow for repair of the components of the UIM 50 (i.e., the display 54, the input device 52, and the wireless communication circuit 51) without having to send in or return the entire device. Embodiments of the tool 10 comprising the UIM 50 allow for the tool 10 to receive performance improvements in the UIM 50, such as better display or improved wireless communication features. Instead of needing to purchase an entirely new tool 10, the customer need only purchase an updated or revised UIM 50. Thus, as improvements are made to wireless technology, tool programming, user input features, and/or display features, these improvements can be provided to each tool 10 through the UIM 50 without having to replace the entire tool 10. Such adaptability allows for reduced costs of tool redesign as well as warranty claims, given that the tool 10 may be improved simply by updating and interchanging the UIM 50.
Embodiments of the tool 10 may thus provide for the operation of the tool 10 between a fixed precision mode (without the UIM 50 attached or attached but in an inactive state) and a programmable precision mode where the UIM 50 provides adaptable, programmable instructions to the tool 10 to vary the operations of the tool 10 according to the needs of the user, or the external source 70. Indeed, the user, or external source 70, may switch between these varied modes of operation of the tool 10 by simply communicating the same to the tool through the UIM 50.
In conjunction with the structural components described above and their associated function described herein, a method of operating the power tool 10 and the UIM 50 may include the steps of providing a fixed precision power tool having a default operation modem, operating the power tool according to the default operation mode, detachably coupling a user-interface module to the power tool, reprogramming the operation of the power tool to a programmed operation mode through the user interface module, and operating the power tool according to the programmed operation mode. Embodiments of the method of operation may further comprise detaching the user-interface module to return the power tool to the fixed precision power mode, programming the operation of the power tool by a user, programming the operation of the power tool by an external source, such a remotely-located wireless communication enabled device, altering the operation of the power tool by exchanging one user interface device for another, and updating the programming of the power tool and/or the user interface device by connecting the user interface device to a computer and downloading the new program or software. Embodiments of the method of operation may further comprise repairing the user interface module of the power tool by sending in only the user interface module for repair without the power tool, updating the functionality of the power tool by replacing only the user interface module, and extending the life of the power tool by replacing defective parts of the user interface module without having to replace the power tool itself. Other steps of the method of operation may be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art based off of the disclosure included herein.
While this disclosure has been described in conjunction with the specific embodiments outlined above, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure as set forth above are intended to be illustrative, not limiting. Various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, as required by the following claims. The claims provide the scope of the coverage of the present disclosure and should not be limited to the specific examples provided herein.
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| 20150272575 | Leimbach | Oct 2015 | A1 |
| 20150280384 | Leimbach | Oct 2015 | A1 |
| 20150296050 | Bomkamp | Oct 2015 | A1 |
| 20150316913 | Rickey | Nov 2015 | A1 |
| 20150374366 | Zergiebel | Dec 2015 | A1 |
| 20160217004 | Lin | Jul 2016 | A1 |
| 20160226278 | Wenger | Aug 2016 | A1 |
| 20160256164 | Heinrich | Sep 2016 | A1 |
| 20160310134 | Contini | Oct 2016 | A1 |
| 20160311094 | Mergener | Oct 2016 | A1 |
| 20160342151 | Dey, IV | Nov 2016 | A1 |
| 20160354913 | Madineni | Dec 2016 | A1 |
| 20160378097 | Crescenti | Dec 2016 | A1 |
| 20170014984 | Rola | Jan 2017 | A1 |
| 20170086932 | Auld | Mar 2017 | A1 |
| 20170150032 | Chenn | May 2017 | A1 |
| 20170201853 | Chen | Jul 2017 | A1 |
| 20170222382 | Peloquin et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170348815 | Schadow | Dec 2017 | A1 |
| 20170368674 | Wise | Dec 2017 | A1 |
| 20180049794 | Swayze | Feb 2018 | A1 |
| 20180056496 | Rubens | Mar 2018 | A1 |
| 20180076639 | Furui | Mar 2018 | A1 |
| 20180126537 | Tanaka | May 2018 | A1 |
| 20180132850 | Leimbach | May 2018 | A1 |
| 20180138839 | Puzio | May 2018 | A1 |
| 20180178366 | Matei | Jun 2018 | A1 |
| 20180185993 | Hita | Jul 2018 | A1 |
| 20180354114 | Bantle | Dec 2018 | A1 |
| 20180361559 | Bantle | Dec 2018 | A1 |
| 20190022836 | Chu | Jan 2019 | A1 |
| 20190043292 | Hoossainy | Feb 2019 | A1 |
| 20190125458 | Shelton, IV | May 2019 | A1 |
| 20190183494 | Shelton, IV | Jun 2019 | A1 |
| 20190200977 | Shelton, IV | Jul 2019 | A1 |
| 20190261084 | Ozcan | Aug 2019 | A1 |
| 20190298122 | Tahara | Oct 2019 | A1 |
| 20190299375 | Cabrel | Oct 2019 | A1 |
| 20190328402 | McGinley | Oct 2019 | A1 |
| 20200078113 | Sawhney | Mar 2020 | A1 |
| 20200204835 | Reilly | Jun 2020 | A1 |
| 20200222050 | Eisinger | Jul 2020 | A1 |
| 20200237446 | Drain | Jul 2020 | A1 |
| 20200405304 | Mozdzierz | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20210205976 | Matei | Jul 2021 | A1 |
| 20210245267 | Crivella | Aug 2021 | A1 |
| 20210252652 | Mueckl | Aug 2021 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 2586504 | Nov 2007 | CA |
| 2072192 | Jun 2009 | EP |
| 2376758 | Dec 2002 | GB |
| 2594945 | Nov 2021 | GB |
| 2007140937 | Jun 2007 | JP |
| 2013-208680 | Oct 2013 | JP |
| 2009047629 | Apr 2009 | WO |
| 2012134469 | Oct 2012 | WO |
| 2013014914 | Jan 2013 | WO |
| 20150061370 | Apr 2015 | WO |
| Entry |
|---|
| International Search Report Dated May 9, 2019, PCT/US2019/014347, Filing Date Jan. 18, 2019. |
| Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority Dated May 9, 2019, PCT/US2019/014347, Filing Date Jan. 18, 2019. |
| Extended European Search Report for European Application No. 19741855.1, dated Oct. 6, 2021 (date of completion of the search Sep. 23, 2021). |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20190217460 A1 | Jul 2019 | US |
