Patent Application
20200165455
The present invention relates to an addition-curable silicone composition which has excellent storage stability and provides cured silicone rubber having excellent flame retardancy.
Silicone rubber is used in various fields because it has excellent heat resistance, weather resistance, electrical characteristics. Silicone rubber is flammable. Although it does not burn easily with approaching flame, it continues to burn once ignite. Therefore, various developments have been attempted to improve the flame retardancy of silicone rubber.
For example, Patent Literature 1 mentioned below describes that an addition reaction-curable liquid silicone rubber composition which contains aluminum hydroxide powder and zinc carbonate powder has excellent moldability and provides a molded silicone rubber product having excellent flame retardancy and electrical properties. Patent Literature 2 describes that a silicone rubber composition containing carbon black and aluminum hydroxide as a flame retardant provides silicone rubber having excellent fluidity, moldability, and curability as well as flame retardancy. However, the liquid silicone rubber composition containing a basic inorganic filler such as aluminum hydroxide and zinc carbonate has a problem that a hydrosilyl group of the crosslinking agent undergoes dehydrogenation over time, resulting in thickening of the liquid silicone rubber composition.
Patent Literature 3 describes a method for improving flame retardancy by blending an organopolysiloxane resin, an inorganic filler such as silica, and an iron oxide fine powder in a liquid addition-curable silicone rubber composition so as to control a heat loss of the organohydrogenpolysiloxane. Patent Literature 4 describes an addition-curable silicone rubber composition which comprises a triazole type compound and an isocyanate type compound and provides cured silicone rubber having high flame retardancy without impairing the physical properties of the base silicone. However, these silicone rubber compositions still do not have sufficient flame retardancy.
Therefore, it has been desired to develop a silicone composition which provides silicone rubber having an excellent flame retardancy and has an excellent storage stability.
The present invention has been made in view of the aforesaid circumstances. An object of the present invention is to provide an addition-curable silicone composition which provides silicone rubber which has the excellent flame retardancy and is excellent in storage stability so that thickening due to dehydrogenation does not occur over time.
The present inventors have made research and found that cured silicone rubber having high flame retardancy is obtained by adding a combination of talc fine powder and 1,2,3-benzotriazole or a derivative thereof in specific blending amounts to an addition-curable silicone rubber composition comprising an organopolysiloxane having an alkenyl group bonded to a silicon atom, an organohydrogenpolysiloxane and a hydrosilylation catalyst.
When only either a talc fine powder or 1,2,3-benzotriazole or a derivative thereof is added to an addition-curable silicone rubber composition, an effect of improving flame retardancy is insufficient and, in particular, silicone rubber having a flame retardancy of V-0 according to the UL94 Standards cannot be obtained. However, it has been found that a silicone rubber having excellent flame retardancy, in particular, having a flame retardancy of V-0 according to the UL94 Standards, is obtained by blending the combination of talc fine powder with 1,2,3-benzotriazole or a derivative thereof.
In addition, the silicone rubber composition has excellent storage stability.
That is, the present invention provides an addition-curable silicone composition comprising the following components (A) to (E):
(A) 100 parts by mass of an organopolysiloxane having two or more alkenyl groups each bonded to a silicon atom and being liquid at 25 degrees C.,
(B) an organohydrogenpolysiloxane having two or more hydrogen atoms each bonded to a silicon atom in an amount such that the number of the hydrogen atoms each bonded to a silicon atom in component
(B) is 1 to 10 per the alkenyl group bonded to a silicon atom in component (A),
(C) a platinum group metal catalyst in a catalytic amount,
(D) 10 to 100 parts by mass of talc fine powder, and
(E) 1,2,3-benzotriazole or a derivative thereof in an amount of 2 to 500 moles per mole of the platinum group metal atom of component (C), and silicone rubber obtained by curing the composition.
The present silicone composition is curable to provide silicone rubber having a flame retardancy of V-0 according to the UL94 Standards. The silicone composition shows less thickening over time to have high storage stability.
The present invention will be described below in detail.
Component (A) is an organopolysiloxane in a liquid state at 25 degrees C. and has two or more alkenyl groups each bonded to a silicon atom in one molecule. Component (A) may be of, for example, a linear, cyclic or branched structure, and is preferably a linear diorganopolysiloxane in which the main chain consists basically of repeating diorganosiloxane units and the both ends of the molecular chain are blocked by a triorganosiloxy group. It is preferable that the organopolysiloxane does not include a three-dimensional network (resin-like) structure. When the organopolysiloxane is linear or branched, the alkenyl group is bonded in the organopolysiloxane may be either or both to a silicon atom at the end of the molecular chain to form a triorganosiloxy group (M units) or to a silicon atom at a middle of the molecular chain to form a bifunctional diorganosiloxane unit (D units) or a trifunctional monoorganosylsesquioxane unit (T units). Component (A) may be any known organopolysiloxane, and particularly preferred is a linear diorganopolysiloxane having alkenyl groups each bonded to the silicon atoms at least at both ends of the molecular chain.
Examples of the alkenyl group include those having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms, such as a vinyl, allyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, cyclohexenyl and heptenyl group. A vinyl group is particularly preferable. The number of the alkenyl group in component (A) is preferably 0.001 to 10%, particularly preferably about 0.01 to 5%, based on the total number of the monovalent hydrocarbon group each bonded to a silicon atom.
Examples of the monovalent organic group, other than an alkenyl group, bonded to a silicon atom of the organopolysiloxane include monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms. The examples include alkyl groups such as a methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, and heptyl group; aryl groups such as a phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, and naphthyl group; and aralkyl groups such as a benzyl and phenethyl group. Particularly, a methyl group is preferred.
The viscosity of component (A) at 25 degrees C. is preferably in the range from 100 to 500,000 mPa·s, in particular in the range from 1,000 to 200,000 mPa·s. When the viscosity is within this range, the handling of the composition and the mechanical properties of the cured silicone rubber are good. The viscosity of component (A) is determinated by a rotational viscometer according to the Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) K 7117-1:1999.
Examples of the afore-mentioned organopolysiloxane include a dimethylsiloxane/methylvinyl siloxane copolymer whose both terminals are blocked with a trimethylsiloxy group, a methylvinyl polysiloxane whose both terminals are blocked with a trimethylsiloxy group, a dimethylsiloxane/methylvinyl siloxane/methylphenylsiloxane copolymer whose both terminals are blocked with a trimethylsiloxy group, a dimethyl polysiloxane whose both terminals are blocked with a dimethylvinylsiloxy group, a methylvinyl polysiloxane whose both terminals are blocked with a dimethylvinylsiloxy group, a dimethylsiloxane/methylvinyl siloxane copolymer whose both terminals are blocked with a dimethylvinylsiloxy group, a dimethylsiloxane/methylvinylsiloxane/methylphenylsiloxane copolymer whose both terminals are blocked with a dimethylvinylsiloxy group, a dimethylpolysiloxane whose both terminals are blocked with a divinylmethylsiloxy group, a dimethylsiloxane/methylvinylsiloxane copolymer whose both terminals are blocked with a divinylmethylsiloxy group, dimethylpolysiloxane whose both terminals are blocked with a trivinylsiloxy group, and a dimethylsiloxane/methylvinylsiloxane copolymer whose both terminals are blocked with a trivinysiloxy group. Two or more of these organopolysiloxanes may be used in combination.
Component (B) is an organohydrogenpolysiloxane having at least two hydrogen atoms each bonded to a silicon atom (SiH group) in one molecule. This is reactive with an alkenyl group in component (A) to cause to hydrosilylation and functions as a crosslinking agent (curing agent). The organohydrogenpolysiloxane may be any known compound and, preferably, have substantially no hydroxyl group bonded to a silicon atom (i.e., silanol group) in the molecule. The organohydrogenpolysiloxane may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds. In the present invention, the term “SiH group” refers to a hydrosilyl group.
The organohydrogenpolysiloxane may be a compound represented by the following average composition formula (1).
R1aHbSiO(4-a-b)/2 (1)
In the formula (1), R1 is, independently of each other, an unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group, preferably having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, provided that it does not have an aliphatic unsaturated bond such as an alkenyl group. Examples of the unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon groups include alkyl groups such as a methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, octyl, nonyl, and decyl group; aryl groups such as a phenyl, tolyl, xylyl and naphthyl group, and aralkyl groups such as a benzyl, phenyl ethyl and phenylpropyl group. Among these, an alkyl group or an aryl group is preferable, and a methyl group is further preferable. Further, a is the positive number of 0.7 to 2.1, b is the positive number of 0.001 to 1.0, and a+b is the number of 0.8 to 3.0. Preferably, a is the positive number of 1.0 to 2.0, b is the positive number of 0.01 to 1.0, and a+b is the number in the range of 1.5 to 2.5.
The organohydrogenpolysiloxane has at least two (usually 2 to 200), preferably three or more (e.g. 3 to 100), more preferably 4 to 50, SiH groups per molecule. The SiH groups may be located at the end of the molecular chain or in the middle of the molecular chain, or may be located at both of them. The molecular structure of the organohydrogenpolysiloxane may be linear, cyclic, branched or three-dimensional network. The number of silicon atoms in one molecule, or a degree of polymerization, is usually from 2 to 300, preferably from 3 to 150, more preferably from 4 to 100. For instance, the degree of polymerization is determined as a number average degree of polymerization (number average molecular weight) by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis using toluene as a developing solvent and reduced to polystyrene.
The viscosity of component (B) at 25 degrees C. is usually from 0.1 to 1,000 mPa·s, preferably from 0.5 to 500 mPa·s. Component (B) is preferably liquid at 25 degrees C. The viscosity is determined by a rotary viscometer according to JIS K 7117-1:1999.
Examples of the organohydrogenpolysiloxane include 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclosiloxane, tris(hydrogendimethylsiloxy)methylsilane, tris(hydrogendimethylsiloxy)phenylsilane, methylhydrogenecyclopolysiloxane, methylhydrogensiloxane/dimethylsiloxane cyclic copolymer, a methylhydrogenpolysiloxane whose both terminals are blocked with a trimethylsiloxy group, a dimethylsiloxane/methylhydrogensiloxane copolymer whose both terminals are blocked with a trimethylsiloxy group, a dimethylsiloxane/methylhydrogensiloxane/methylphenylsiloxane copolymer whose both terminals are blocked with a trimethylsiloxy group, a dimethylsiloxane/methylhydrogensiloxane/diphenylsiloxane copolymer whose both terminals are blocked with a trimethylsiloxy group, a methylhydrogenpolysiloxane whose both terminals are blocked with a dimethylhydrogensiloxy group, a dimethylpolysiloxane whose both terminals are blocked with a dimethylhydrogensiloxy group, dimethylsiloxane/methylhydrogensiloxane copolymer whose both terminals are blocked with a dimethylhydrogensiloxy group, a dimethylsiloxane/methylphenylsiloxane copolymer whose both terminals are blocked with a dimethylhydrogensiloxy group, a dimethylsiloxane/diphenylsiloxane copolymer whose both terminals are blocked with a dimethylhydrogensiloxy group, a methylphenylpolysiloxane whose both terminals are blocked with a dimethylhydrogensiloxy group, and a diphenylpolysiloxane whose both terminals are blocked with a dimethylhydrogensiloxy group; and those in which some or all of the methyl groups of the aforesaid compounds are substituted with other alkyl groups such as an ethyl group and a propyl groups; organosiloxane copolymers composed of a siloxane unit represented by R23SiO1/2, a siloxane unit represented by R22HSiO1/2 and a siloxane unit represented by SiO4/2; organosiloxane copolymers composed of a siloxane unit represented by R22HSiO1/2 and a siloxane unit represented by SiO4/2; and organosiloxane copolymers composed of a siloxane unit represented by R2HSiO2/2 and a siloxane unit represented R2SiO3/2 or a siloxane unit represented by HSiO3/2, wherein R2 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group other than an alkenyl group and a group as defined for R1 above. Two or more of these organohydrogenpolysiloxanes may be used in combination.
The amount of component (B) is such that a ratio of the number of the hydrogen atom bonded to the silicon atom in component (B), relative to the number of the alkenyl group bonded to the silicon atom in component (A) is in the range of 1 to 10, preferably 1.5 to 5. If the amount of component (B) is less than the aforesaid lower limit, the composition may not sufficiently cure. If the amount exceeds the aforesaid upper limit, the heat resistance of the cured silicone rubber may extremely deteriorate.
The platinum group metal catalyst may be conventional one. Examples include platinum catalysts, palladium catalysts, and ruthenium catalysts. Among them, platinum-based catalysts are preferable, such as platinum black, platinum (II) chloride, chloroplatinic acid, complexes of chloroplatinic acid and a monohydric alcohol, complexes of chloroplatinic acid and olefins, and platinum bisacetoacetate. The amount of the platinum group metal catalyst may be a catalytic amount effective to promote the addition reaction of components (A) and (B). Generally, the amount of the catalyst is about 1 to 1,000 ppm by mass as a platinum group metal, particularly about 1 to 500 ppm by mass, based on the total mass of components (A) and (B). An excessively small amount of the catalyst causes decreased curability, and an excessively large amount of the catalyst is economically disadvantageous.
The talc fine powder is an inorganic powder known as a heat resistance improving agent (non-reinforcing filler). If talc fine powder only is blended in an addition-curable silicone composition, the flame retardancy improvement effect is not sufficiently attained, so that silicone rubber having a flame retardancy of V-0 according to the UL94 Standards cannot be obtained. In contrast, when the talc fine powder is blended in combination with (E) benzotriazole or a benzotriazole derivative as described later, silicone rubber has excellent flame retardancy (in particular, flame retardancy of V-0 according to the UL94 Standards). Furthermore, the composition does not cause thickening due to dehydrogenation over time and is thus excellent in storage stability. A median diameter of the talc fine powder as determined by a laser diffraction method is preferably 0.1 to 50 μm, further preferably 5 to 40 μm. If the median diameter is larger than the aforesaid upper limit, the mechanical properties of the silicone composition may be lower. If the median diameter is smaller than the aforesaid lower limit, the viscosity of the silicone composition may be higher, so that the workability may deteriorate. The talc fine powder having the afore-mentioned median diameter may be used alone, or two or more of such may be used in combination.
The afore-mentioned talc fine powder may be one which is not surface treated, but is preferably surface treated with an organosilicon compound which will be described below. The talc fine powder surface-treated with the organosilicon compound has an improved affinity with the silicone resin to lower the viscosity of the composition, so that the handling is easier.
The manner for the surface treatment of the talc fine powder is not particularly limited. For example, the untreated talc fine powder and the organosilicon compound are put in a sealed mechanical-kneading apparatus at an atmospheric pressure or in a fluidized bed, and mixed at room temperature (25 degrees C.) or under heating, if needed, in the presence of an inert gas. Optionally, water or a catalyst, as a hydrolysis accelerator, may be used to accelerate the surface treatment. After the mixing, the mixture is dried to obtain surface-treated talc fine powder. The amount of the organosilicon compound may be an amount calculated from an area to be coated by the surface treatment agent or more. Generally, the amount of the organosilicon compound may be 0.1 to parts by mass, preferably 0.1 to 15 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the talc fine powder before treated.
Examples of the organosilicon compound include silazanes such as hexamethyldisilazane and 1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethylcyclotrisilazane; alkoxysilanes such as methyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, propyltrimethoxysilane, butyltrimethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, diethyldimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, trimethylmethoxysilane, triethylmethoxysilane, vinyltris(methoxyethoxy)silane, and chloropropyltrimethoxysilane; chlorosilanes such as trimethylchlorosilane and dimethyldichlorosilane; silane coupling agents such as trimethylsilanol and hydroxypentamethyldisiloxane; polymethylsiloxane; and organohydrogenpolysiloxanes. However, it is preferable that the organosilicon compound is different from aforementioned components (A) and (B).
The amount of component (D) is 10 to 100 parts by mass, preferably 20 to 90 parts by mass, more preferably 30 to 80 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of component (A). If the amount of component (D) is less than the afore-mentioned lower limit, a sufficient effect of improving flame retardancy cannot be obtained. If the amount is more than the afore-mentioned upper limit, the viscosity of the silicone composition is higher and the workability deteriorates.
Component (E) is 1,2,3-benzotriazole or a derivative thereof, and acts as a flame retardancy-improving material. Although it is not possible to impart adequate flame retardancy to silicone rubber by incorporating 1,2,3-benzotriazole or a derivative thereof only in an addition-curable silicone composition, it is possible to prepare silicone rubber having excellent flame retardancy, that is, flame retardancy of V-0 according to the UL94 Standards, by incorporating component (E) in combination with the talc fine powder (D) described above. In the present invention, a benzotriazole derivative is a compound in which a hydrogen atom bonded to a carbon or nitrogen atom in benzotriazole is replaced with a monovalent organic group; a compound in which a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group is bonded to at least one carbon atom of benzotriazole; or a compound in which a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group, an alkoxysilylalkyl group, or an organosiloxysilylalkyl group is bonded to a nitrogen atom of benzotriazole via a carbonyl group, an amide bond, or an ester bond.
The 1,2,3-benzotriazole or a derivative thereof is preferably represented by the following formula (2).
In the formula (2), R1 is, independently of each other, a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of the monovalent hydrocarbon groups include alkyl groups such as a methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, and cyclohexyl group, and those in which a part or all of the hydrogen atoms are substituted with a halogen atom such as fluorine, bromine and chlorine or a cyano group, for example, a chloromethyl group, chloropropyl group, bromoethyl group, trifluoropropyl group, and cyanoethyl group. Among these, R1 is preferably a hydrogen atom and, particularly, all of R1 are a hydrogen atom.
R2 is a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 14 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, which may have a heteroatom, and may have an alkoxysilyl group or an organosiloxysilyl group at the terminal. Examples of the monovalent hydrocarbon group include an alkyl group such as a methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl and cyclohexyl group, and those in which a part or all of the hydrogen atoms of these groups are substituted with a halogen atom such as fluorine, bromine and chlorine or a cyano group, for example, a chloromethyl group, chloropropyl group, bromoethyl group, trifluoropropyl group and cyanoethyl group. Examples of the group having a heteroatom include a radical having an ether bond or a carbonyl group. Further, examples of the group having a heteroatom include a monovalent hydrocarbon group having a keto group, an amide group and a carboxy group. For instance, compounds in which a monovalent hydrocarbon group is bonded to a nitrogen atom of benzotriazole via a keto group, an amide group, or a carboxy group are included. Examples of the compound having an alkoxysilyl group or an organosiloxysilyl group at the terminal include compounds in which an alkoxysilylalkyl group or an organosiloxysilylalkyl group is bonded to a nitrogen atom of benzotriazole via a keto group, an amide group, or a carboxy group.
For instance, the group having a keto group, an amide group, or a carboxy group is represented by the following formula (3), (4) or (5).
In the formulas (3) to (5), R3 and R3′ are, independently of each other, a hydrogen atom, a monovalent hydrocarbon group, such as an alkyl group, having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or —(CH2)p—Si(OR4)3. R4 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an SiR53 group, R5 is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. R4 is preferably a methyl group. p is an integer of 1 to 6, preferably an integer of 1 to 3. Examples of the monovalent hydrocarbon group include those described above.
The benzotriazole derivative having the group represented by the above formula (3), (4) or (5) is represented by the following formula (3′), (4′) or (5′).
In the above formulas, R1, R3 and R3′ are as defined above. Further preferably, all of R1 are a hydrogen atom. R3 is preferably —(CH2)p—Si(OR4)3. Preferably, R3′ is a hydrogen atom. R4 and p are as defined above. Preferably, R4 is a methyl group and p is an integer of from 1 to 3.
Component (E) is particularly preferably 1,2,3-benzotriazole in which both R1 and R2 in formula (2) are a hydrogen atom, or benzotriazole derivatives represented by any one of the formulas (3′) to (5′). As the benzotriazole derivative, a compound represented by the following formula is more preferable.
In the formula, R4 and p are as defined above. Preferably, R4 is a methyl group. p is an integer of from 1 to 3, preferably 3.
The amount of component (E) is 2 to 500 mol, preferably 2.5 to 300 mol, more preferably 3 to 200 mol, and particularly 4 to 100 mol, per mol of the platinum group metal atoms of component (C). If the amount of component (E) is less than the afore-mentioned lower limit, a sufficient effect of improving flame retardancy cannot be obtained. If the amount exceeds the afore-mentioned upper limit, the composition may not cure.
The silicone composition of the present invention preferably further contains (F) reinforcing filler. As the reinforcing filler, reinforcing silica fine powder is preferable. Any conventional reinforcing silica fine powder may be used, such as those used as a reinforcing agent for rubber in conventional compositions to be cured into silicone rubber. Type of silica is not particularly limited. The reinforcing silica fine powder preferably has a specific BET surface area of 50 m2/g or more. In particular, precipitated silica (wet silica), fumed silica (dry silica) and calcined silica which have a specific BET surface area of 50 to 400 m2/g, preferably 100 to 350 m2/g are suitably used. Fumed silica is particularly preferred in view of improving rubber strength. The reinforcing silica fine powder may be hydrophobically treated with a surface treatment agent such as an organosilicon compound. Examples of the organosilicon compound include chlorosilane, alkoxysilane and organosilazane compounds which are generally hydrolyzable. In the surface treatment, the silica fine powder in a powder state may be subjected to hydrophobic treatment with a surface treatment agent in advance before mixed with the resin, or the surface treatment agent may be added when mixing the alkenyl group-containing organopolysiloxane (A) with the silica fine powder, to prepare the hydrophobically-treated silica fine powder.
A method for the surface treatment may be any known ones. For example, the untreated silica fine powder and the surface treatment agent are put in a sealed mechanical-kneading apparatus at an atmospheric pressure or in a fluidized bed and are mixed at room temperature or under heating, if needed, in the presence of an inert gas. Optionally, a catalyst, as a hydrolysis accelerator, may be used to accelerate the surface treatment. After the mixing, the mixed material is dried to provide the surface-treated silica fine powder. The amount of the treatment agent may be calculated from an are to be coated by the treatment agent or more.
Examples of the surface treatment agent are as described above for the surface treatment agent for the talc fine powder (D). Silazanes are particularly preferable as the surface treatment agent.
The amount of component (F) is 1 to 100 parts by mass, preferably 5 to 60 parts by mass, more preferably 10 to 60 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of component (A). If the amount is less than the afore-mentioned lower limit, a sufficient reinforcing effect cannot be obtained. If the amount exceeds the afore-mentioned upper limit, the viscosity of the silicone composition is too high to deteriorate the workability and processability.
The silicone composition of the present invention may further comprise other optional components in addition to components (A) to (F) as long as the purpose of the present invention is not hindered. One or more of other component may be used. For example, flame retardancy improving materials other than components (D) and (E), such as carbon black, titanium dioxide and iron oxide may be used. The amount of the flame retardancy improving material other than components (D) and (E) is preferably 0 to 10 parts by mass, especially 0.1 to 5 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of component (A).
Additionally, there may be blended, for example, an organopolysiloxane having one hydrogen atom bonding to a silicon atom in one molecule and having no other functional group, an organopolysiloxane having one alkenyl group bonding to a silicon atom in one molecule and having no other functional group, a non-functional organopolysiloxane having no hydrogen atom bonding to a silicon atom, no alkenyl group bonding to a silicon atom and no other functional group, i.e., so-called dimethyl silicone oil, an organic solvent, a creep hardening inhibitor, a plasticizer, a thixotropic agent, a pigment, a dye, and an fungicide. The amount of the aforesaid additives may be appropriately adjusted as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
A method for preparing the present addition-curable silicone composition is not particularly limited. Preferably, the components are stored as two separate liquids so that the curing does not proceed. The two separate liquids are mixed together at the time of use (immediately before curing) to allow curing. In this case, components (B) and (C) are preferably separated from each other, because crosslinking may proceed even at room temperature and the composition may thicken or gel if components (A), (B) and (C) are stored in one liquid. For example, a part of component (A), a part of component (D), component (C), and optionally component (F) are mixed and stored as material A. The remaining part of component (A), component (B), the remaining part of component (D), component (E), and optionally component (F) are mixed and stored as material B. Material A and material B are mixed immediately before curing. It is preferable to incorporate a reaction control agent such as acetylene alcohol in material B. The reaction control agent delays the curing, so that it is possible to secure a time for mixing materials A and B and a time for molding. The silicone composition of the present invention is liquid at 25 degrees C. Preferably, the silicone composition has a viscosity of 1,000 mPa·s to 5,000,000 mPa·s at 25 degrees C. When the silicone composition comprises component (F), the viscosity at 25 degrees C. is 10,000 mPa·s to 10,000,000 mPa·s. The viscosity is determined, for example, by a viscosity-viscoelasticity measuring device (HAKKE MARS40, ex Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd.).
A method for molding and a method for curing the addition-curable silicone composition are not particularly limited, and may be any conventional methods. The molding may be done with an optimal means suitable for the purpose, such as injection molding, transfer molding, pouring molding and compression molding. Curing conditions may be heating at 80 to 230 degrees C., preferably 100 to 180 degrees C. The heating time is preferably about 30 seconds to 3 hours, particularly about 1 minute to 1 hour. Further, if needed, secondary vulcanization (post-cure) may be done at 40 to 230 degrees C. for about 10 minutes to 24 hours. The thickness of the cured silicone rubber is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 to 10 mm, particularly 1 to 6 mm.
The cured silicone rubber having the afore-mentioned thickness shows particularly excellent flame retardancy. In particular, a cured silicone rubber having a thickness of 0.5 mm or more, preferably 1 mm or more, shows a flame retardancy of V-0 in a flame retardancy test according to the UL94 Standards. In the flame retardancy test according to the UL94 Standards, for example, a strip of the cured silicone rubber having a thickness of 1 mm is used as a test piece. A burner flame is applied to the bottom end of the vertically supported test piece to allow the silicone rubber to burn. The flame retardancy is evaluated by the proceeding rate of the burning (called a vertical burning test). The flame retardancy of V-0 means that a burner flame is applied twice; burning with flame continues for at most 10 seconds after the burner is moved away both in the first and second flame contacts; a total of the time of the burning with flame and the time of the flame-free burning in the second flame contact is at most 30 seconds; and a total of the time of the burning with flame of the five test pieces is at most 50 seconds.
The silicone composition of the present invention is excellent in storage stability and provides cured silicone rubber having excellent flame retardancy, so that the silicone composition is useful for electric appliances, cable terminal parts and automobile materials, which require flame retardancy.
The present invention will be explained below in further detail with reference to a series of the Examples and the Comparative Examples, though the present invention is in no way limited by these Examples.
In the following descriptions, the term “part” refers to “part by mass”. An average degree of polymerization means a number average degree of polymerization which is determined by gel permeation chromatography, i.e., GPC, with toluene as a developing solvent, and is reduced to polystyrene.
Components (A) to (D) used in the following Examples and Comparative Examples are as follows.
(A) Organopolysiloxane in a liquid state at 25 degrees C.
(A1) Dimethylpolysiloxane having both ends each blocked by a vinyl dimethylsiloxy group, and having a viscosity of 30,000 mPa·s at 25 degrees C.
(A2) Dimethyl/vinylmethylpolysiloxane having a viscosity of 700 mPa·s at 25 degrees C. and represented by the following formula:
Me3SiO—[ViMeSiO]n—[Me2SiO]m—SiMe3
wherein Me is a methyl group, Vi is a vinyl group, n and m satisfying the equation, n/m=5/95 (mol %), and the siloxane units in the parentheses are not necessarily bonded in the above-described order.
Methylhydrogenpolysiloxane having both ends each blocked by a trimethylsiloxy group and having SiH groups in the side chains, that is, a dimethylsiloxane/methylhydrogensiloxane copolymer whose both terminals are blocked with a trimethylsiloxy group and which has an average polymerization degree of 40, viscosity of 18 mPa·s, and an SiH group content of 0.0074 mol/g.
A solution of a complex of platinum and 1,3-divinyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane in toluene, containing 1% by weight of platinum atoms.
(D1) Talc fine powder having a median diameter of 30 μm, ex Nippon Talc Corporation, trade name, PAOG-R.
(D2) Surface-treated talc fine powder prepared as follows.
100 Parts of the talc fine powder PAOG-R were put into a Henschel mixer and stirred, to which 5 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane, trade name, KBM-13, ex Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., was sprayed with stirring and, then, the powder was subjected to a heat treatment at 150 degrees C. for 2 hours to obtain surface-treated talc (D2).
100 Parts of organopolysiloxane (A1), 5 parts of organopolysiloxane (A2) and 70 parts of talc fine powder (D1) were mixed and stirred for 15 minutes. Then, to the mixture, 0.60 part of platinum catalyst (C) was added and stirred for 10 minutes.
100 Parts of organopolysiloxane (A1), 5 parts of organopolysiloxane (A2), 4.08 parts of methylhydrogenpolysiloxane (B), which amounts give a molar ratio of the SiH group to the vinyl group (SiH/Vi) of 2.2 mol/mol in a mixture of materials A and B in a mass ratio of 1:1, 70 parts of talc fine powder (D1), and 0.24 part of ethynylcyclohexanol as a reaction control agent were mixed and stirred for 15 minutes. Next, 0.24 part of a 10% solution of 1,2,3-benzotriazole in ethanol (E1), which amounts give a molar ratio of 6.9 mol per mol of platinum atom in a mixture of materials A and B in a mass ratio of 1:1 was added, followed by stirring for 10 minutes.
Material A and material B were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 for 10 minutes to prepare a homogenous silicone composition which was liquid at a temperature of 25 degrees C. Next, the silicone composition was subjected to pre-curing at 120 degrees C. for 10 minutes to obtain a cured silicone rubber sheet having dimensions of 130 mm×170 mm×1.0 mm. The sheet was subjected to a flame retardancy test according to the UL-94 Standards. The result is as shown in Table 1.
Besides, for each of materials A and B, the viscosity immediately after the preparation and the viscosity after stored in a sealed container in a dry box at 70 degrees C. for two weeks were determined. The viscosities were determined at a shear rate of 0.9 s−1 at 25 degrees C. with a HAKKE MARS40, ex Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd. The results are as shown in Table 1.
60 Parts of organopolysiloxane (A1), 8 parts of hexamethyldisilazane, 2 parts of water and 40 parts of silica fine powder (F), Aerosil 300, having a BET specific surface area of 300 m2/g, were put into a kneader, and mixed at room temperature for 1 hour. Thereafter, the temperature was raised to 150 degrees C., followed by further mixing for 2 hours. Then, the temperature was lowered to room temperature, and parts of organopolysiloxane (A1) and 5 parts of organopolysiloxane (A2) were added to the mixture and further mixed until the mixture became homogenous to obtain base compound (I).
To 130 parts of the base compound (I) obtained in the aforesaid Preparation Example 1, added were 19 parts of organopolysiloxane (A1) and 30 parts of talc fine powder (D1) and stirred for 15 minutes. Then, 0.60 part of platinum catalyst (C) was added and stirred for 10 minutes.
To 130 parts of the base compound (I) prepared in the aforesaid Preparation Example 1, 15 parts of organopolysiloxane (A1), added were 4.4 parts of methylhydrogenpolysiloxane (B), which amounts give a molar ratio of the SiH group to the vinyl group (SiH/Vi) of 2.3 mol/mol in a mixture of materials A and B in a mass ratio of 1:1, 30 parts of talc fine powder (D1), and 0.24 part of ethynylcyclohexanol as a reaction control agent and stirred for 15 minutes. Next, 0.24 part of a 10% solution of 1,2,3-benzotriazole in ethanol (E1) was added, which amount gives a molar ratio of 6.9 mol per mol of platinum atom in a mixture of materials A and B in a mass ratio of 1:1, and the mixture was further stirred for 10 minutes.
Material A and material B were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 for 10 minutes to prepare a homogeneous silicone composition which was liquid at a temperature of 25 degrees C. The same manner in Example 1 was repeated to obtain a cured silicone rubber sheet. The sheet was subjected to a vertical flame retardancy test according to the UL-94 Standards.
Besides, as in Example 1, the viscosity immediately after the preparation and the viscosity after stored at 70 degrees C. for 2 weeks were determined for each of Materials A and B.
The results are as shown in Table 1.
The procedures in Example 2 were repeated to obtain a silicone composition except that the surface treated talc (D2) was used instead of the talc fine powder (D1). Then, a cured silicone rubber sheet was obtained as in Example 2.
The procedures in Example 2 were repeated to obtain a silicone composition except that the surface treated talc (D2) was used instead of the talc fine powder (D1), and 0.08 part by mass of the following benzotriazole derivative (E2), which amount gives a molar ratio of 8.1 mol per mol of platinum atoms in a mixture of materials A and B in a weight ratio of 1:1, was used instead of the 10% solution of 1,2,3-benzotriazole in ethanol (E1). Then a silicone rubber hardened sheet was obtained as in Example 2.
The procedures in Example 4 were repeated to obtain a silicone composition except that the amount of benzotriazole derivative (E2) was changed to 4.7 parts by mass, which amount gives a molar ratio of 475.0 mol per mol of platinum atom in a mixture of materials A and B in a mass ratio of 1:1. Then, a cured silicone rubber sheet was obtained as in Example 2.
The procedures in Example 1 were repeated to obtain a silicone composition except that the talc fine powder (D) was not blended. Then, a cured silicone rubber sheet was obtained as in Example 1.
The procedures in Example 2 were repeated to obtain a silicone composition except that the talc fine powder (D) was not blended. Then, a cured silicone rubber sheet was obtained as in Example 2.
The procedures in Example 2 were repeated to obtain a silicone composition except that the 10% solution of 1,2,3-benzotriazole in ethanol (E) was not blended. Then, a cured silicone rubber sheet was obtained as in Example 2.
The procedures in Example 2 were repeated to obtain a silicone composition, except that 3.8 parts of a 50% solution of 1,2,3-benzotriazole (E) in ethanol was used, which amount gives a molar ratio of 550 moles per mole of platinum atoms in a mixture of materials A and B in a mass ratio of 1:1, instead of the 10% solution of 1,2,3-benzotriazole (E) in ethanol. The silicone composition was heated in the same conditions as in Example 1, but did not cured.
The procedures in Example 2 were repeated to obtain a silicone composition except that aluminum hydroxide fine powder (ex Showa Denko Co., Ltd., trade name, Heidilight H-32) was used instead of talc fine powder (D), and 0.5 part of carbon black (ex, Electrochemical Industry, trade name, Denca Black) was added to Material B. Then, a cured silicone rubber sheet was obtained as in Example 2.
The cured silicone rubber sheets obtained in Examples 3 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were subjected to the flame retardancy test in the same manner as in Example 1. The viscosity immediately after the preparation and the viscosity after stored at 70 degrees C. for 2 weeks were determined according to the afore-described manners, for each of Materials A and B in the Examples and the Comparative Examples. The results are as shown in Table 1.
As shown in Table 1, the addition-curable silicone composition comprising 1,2,3-benzotriazole and no talc fine powder failed to provide improved flame retardancy and the obtained silicone rubber totally burned in the flame retardancy test (Comparative Examples 1 and 2). The addition-curable silicone composition comprising talc fine powder and no 1,2,3-benzotriazole was insufficient to provide improved flame retardancy, so that the silicone rubber did not show a flame retardancy of V-0 according to the UL94 Standards (Comparative Example 3). The composition of Comparative Example 5 in which aluminum hydroxide fine powder was blended instead of the talc fine powder made the viscosity increased over time and the storage stability was inferior.
In contrast, the present silicone compositions were excellent in storage stability over time, and provide silicone rubbers having the excellent flame retardancy of V-0 according to the UL94 Standards on account of the combination of a talc fine powder with benzotriazole or a derivative thereof.
The addition-curable silicone composition of the present invention has the excellent storage stability and provides a silicone rubber having the excellent flame retardancy. The silicone composition is useful in electrical appliances, cable terminal components, and automotive materials, which require flame retardancy.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2017-152347 | Aug 2017 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2018/027884 | 7/25/2018 | WO | 00 |
