Aspects of the present invention relate generally to drawer systems and, more specifically, to systems and methods for adjustable and releasable retention of drawers and similar pull-out components in the closed position so as to enable selective and adjustable control of the outward pull forces of such pull-out components.
Conventional drawer slide construction generally includes a means to hold a closed drawer in position, such that the drawer does not unintentionally or inadvertently open, which could cause injury or damage. This is particularly important when drawer/cabinet structures are mobile, such as a cart, a tool box, a utility unit, furniture, etc. on wheels. Similarly, furniture, cabinets, toolboxes, racks, etc. which contain drawers supported by reciprocating slides may be placed on an uneven surface or floor. These situations could cause some tilt, sloping, or other conditions, whereby a drawer could inadvertently open by itself without any intentionally applied pull in the opening direction.
The conventional means to retain the drawer in the closed position, which is easily released when the drawer is pulled open, may be constituted, for example, by a frictional interface between an inner member of the slide (i.e., the drawer member) and a fixed rubber or polymer bumper located at the front or rear of the outer member of the slide (i.e., the cabinet member). These types of bumper designs are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 6,254,209 and U.S. Pat. No. 7,086,708.
These types of frictional fixed bumpers may work well when the drawer and cabinet structures are stationary or fixed in position, are on level ground, and are not mobile. Mobile applications, especially those with weight, such as tool boxes, or other rolling carts, tend to require selective detent holding forces to ensure that heavy loaded drawers remain closed when moved. One drawback of this is that, when the drawer is not heavily loaded, the high detent forces tend to require additional effort and/or cause other practical issues in opening and closing such a light-weight drawer.
An additional disadvantage of the frictional polymer detent interface is the consistency of the detent over time and use. Abrasion and wear of the interface (both in the opening and closing directions) tends to initially increase the pull force, then gradually subside as contact and wear may create a crease or groove in the rubber or polymer bumper. This, in turn, causes erosion and subtraction of material and contact interface from the mating interface component, which is generally a drawer member, without any means to adjust for this wear factor, and recapture the desired forces.
Embodiments of the invention are directed to adjustable detent retention systems (and associated methods) having an adjustable detent mechanism which enables an end-user to adjust the detent—and, therefore, the holding force between the drawer and cabinet members—in consideration of the application and drawer load conditions, thereby eliminating possible damage and/or personal injury and overcoming the above-mentioned shortcomings.
In addition, the systems according to embodiments of the present invention are economical to manufacture and simple to adjust and use. Considerations are made for instances of selected and customized adjustment, assembly, and attachment methods, all directed towards ease of operation in providing resistance to outward pull forces through coupling of a drawer or drawers and other pull-out components supported by a drawer slide in the closed position.
It is noted that, in the present description, reference is made to a “drawer” and, more specifically, to a cabinet drawer. However, this is for illustrative purposes only, and not by way of restriction or limitation, and the principles of the inventions described herein may be applied to other pull-out components and/or systems that include one or more pull-out components, such as, for example, office furniture, home furniture, kitchen appliances, general cabinetry (e.g., kitchen, garage, storage, etc.), tool boxes, automotive applications, etc. Where a drawer slide equipped with the embodiments of the present invention is described as being coupled to, or engageable with, one side of a drawer or cabinet, it is understood that, in embodiments of the invention, the drawer slide may be coupled to, or engageable with, the opposite side of the drawer/cabinet, or a pair of drawer slides, equipped with the embodiments of the present invention, may be coupled to, or engageable with, both sides of the drawer/cabinet.
It is also noted that descriptors such as “left hand” and “right hand” are used for ease of reference only, and do not restrict the structure, means for manufacturing, or operation of, or otherwise limit, embodiments of the invention.
As will be described in detail below, the adjustable detent mechanism of the present invention is coupled, or otherwise disposed, adjacent the front end of a drawer slide structure. As is known, a typical slide structure may include either two members (i.e., a drawer member and a cabinet member) or three members, wherein the latter is an intermediate slide member between the drawer and cabinet members. The purpose for locating the adjustable detent mechanism at or near the front of the drawer member is to allow easy access to the mechanism, in such a manner that the drawer does not have to be opened to its fully-extended position in order for the end-user to be able to perform the adjustment activities. In addition, the various embodiments of the present invention are designed to functionally operate without using any hand tools (e.g., screwdriver, wrench, etc.) to initiate and enable the adjustment features. The mechanism is completely assembled to the slides, and pre-set to a pre-determined detent position (middle detent position, for example) which can be easily adjusted (either up or down) by a simple grasp and rotation of an adjustment dial. Thus, it is not necessary for the end-user to conduct any additional installation tasks to operate the device.
The adjustable detent mechanism of the instant invention, therefore, presents a much-improved solution over that of the above-mentioned polymer detents. The inventive system is advantageous as, e.g., it allows the end-user to adjust or change levels of drawer holding force depending on requirements of each drawer, provides means to maintain forces with consideration to wear and usage, allows drawer holding and pulling forces to be adjusted (either higher or lower), has adjustable interface with two mating surfaces, adjacent to each other on opposite sides of the slide assembly, and is not influenced by the orientation of the slide when installed.
Specifically, as shown in
As shown in
As shown in
The bottom portion 132 of the adjustment dial 130 includes symmetrically-disposed adjuster cams 134, 135, and a slotted rotation-restriction guide 136. Each of the adjuster cams 134, 135, in turn, has cascading steps 134a, 135a around its respective periphery. With this construction, the interaction between the two legs 115 of the base 110 with the cascading steps 134a, 135a of the dial 130 causes the legs 115 to flex at their respective base points 123 which, in turn, causes the detent arms 112 to move in and out.
A perspective view of side face 22 of the cabinet 20 is shown in
Each detent arm 112 is made of flexible material such that it can flex towards, and away from, a respective leg 115. More specifically, each of the detent arms 112 is displaced inwards by collapsing a slot (or web) 121 between each respective arm 112 and corresponding leg 115 (see, e.g.,
For example, at the lowest setting of the dial 130, there is very little collapse of the slot 121, and most of the resulting detent force is primarily achieved via the frictional interaction between the two surfaces 113 and 41. As such, only a slight detent retention may exist. As the settings escalate, causing increased outward displacement of the detent arms 112, the detent retention that is achieved is still frictional, but it is increasingly a result of the resistance of the detent arms 112 to being collapsed while being forced through the space between the faces 41 of the outer-member retention tabs 40.
As the dial 130 is turned (increasing displacement), the distance between the arms 112 changes, with the displacement movement occurring at the base 123, as described previously. The detent resistance, however, actually depends on various factors affecting the design of the web 121, e.g., degree of flexibility of the material, thickness of the material, the web length, and so on, which may be customized during molding/manufacturing. Thus, for example, the length of the slot 121 may be reduced via an interchangeable core in the mold. Similarly, the base material may be changed, e.g., to a material that is more “stiff”, while keeping within the material family for post mold shrink purposes. In addition, the width of the tabs 40 may be changed with a slide/feature forming tool modification.
It is noted that, the higher the detent, the more abrasion that exists due to restrictive/frictional interaction between the face 113 of each detent arm 112 and the slope 41 of each corresponding tab 40. Therefore, in applications where a larger degree of detent retention is desired, a plastic material—or material with similar characteristics—loaded with a lubricant (e.g., Silicon, Teflon, etc.) may be used to minimize material removal through abrasion.
The adjustable detent mechanism of the present invention, as described above, may be secured to drawer member 32, sliding within intermediate member 38, which in similar manner slides within outer member 39. The inventive adjustable detent mechanism, however, is not restricted, nor limited, to a three-member slide structure, and can be mounted within two-member slide structures as well. The aforementioned slide members, once assembled and mated together, and supported by means of ball bearings (not shown), create a drawer slide system suitable for supporting the linear travel of pull-out components within cabinet structures and systems.
An exploded view of a three-member slide assembly including an embodiment of the present invention is shown in
To assemble the detent mechanism, the adjustment dial 130 is positioned within cavity 117 of base 110, such that rotation restriction pin 118 is aligned with slotted rotation restriction guide 136 of dial 130. The two displacement legs 115 of base 110 come in contact with the cascading steps 134a, 135a of the dial to initially position the assembly. The cascading steps 134a, 135a are designed to displace the detent arms 112 into an interference contact with the rearward facing slopes 41 of the retention tabs 40 on outer member 39.
The indexing pointer 116 of base 110 registers in indentations (e.g., U-shaped or V-shaped notches) 137 of dial 130 to create a positive registration of the dial and its selected position. The positive registration is identifiable not only visibly, but also audibly, due to the registration “click” when moved to the desired and selected position. Corresponding graduated sized indicators 138, molded to the upper surface of dial 130, are positioned adjacent the indentations 137 to provide visual recognition to the end-user of the various (e.g., six) detent positions provided by embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that, when an end-user turns the dial 130 via the protrusions 139 such that the indexing pointer 116 is registered into one of the indentations 137, the smallest indicator alignment results in the lowest detent setting, with the largest indicator 138 aligned so as to result in the highest detent setting. The graduated sized indicators 138, shown in the figures as rectangular projections, may be substituted with circular “bubbles”, ascending numbers, or sequential letters of the alphabet, and by no means limit or restrict the use of visual identifying characters for the positioning of the adjustable detent of the present invention. The graduated sized indicator set points segmented between the highest and lowest settings provide for customized selection of detent forces for the adjustable detent mechanism. At any given setting, the adjustment dial 130 is releasably “locked” into position via the interaction between the indexing pointer 116 and one of the indentations 137.
In operation, the inventive detent mechanism is coupled or secured to the drawer member 32 of the slide assembly, which travels a pre-determined length. When the slide is almost completely closed, detent arms 112 contact the retention tabs 40 of the cabinet slide member 39. Being flexible (e.g., made of plastic), the detent arms 112 deflect and bypass the tabs 40. The force to overcome the interference during the closing activity is less than the force to overcome the interference in the opening activity. This is due to the sloped angle differences of the detent arms. The angle is less in one direction of travel and greater in the other direction. Once the slide is fully retracted, and the drawer is fully closed, the detent arms (now on the inner side of the tabs) resist opening of the drawer 10, without a purposeful pull. The interference provided by the detent arms, aligned with the deflection restriction of the adjustment dial 130, when positioned provide the detent function intended of the invention, with the added capability of being adjustable to an upper and lower end of pull force. As described above, rotation of the adjustment dial 130 causes the arms 112 to move in and out via the interaction between the adjuster cams 134, 135 and the legs 115. The range of rotation of the dial 130, in turn, is defined by the interaction between the rotation restriction pin 118 and the slotted rotation restriction guide 136.
A simplified version of the exploded view of
In
The above options allow for field replacement of components (e.g., the plastic components) in the event of damage or excessive wear. This type of field replacement does not require the user to remove the slide from either the drawer or cabinet.
While the description above refers to particular embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood that many modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. The presently disclosed embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. In addition, it is understood that one or more of the components described herein in connection with a specific embodiment may be used in conjunction with one or more of the components described in connection with a different specific embodiment.
This application claims priority from Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/348,059, filed May 25, 2010, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
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Entry |
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International Search Report and Written Opinion, International Application No. PCT/US2011/000915, dated Nov. 14, 2011 (10 pages). |
Number | Date | Country | |
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20110291539 A1 | Dec 2011 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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61348059 | May 2010 | US |