Patent Application
20220194612
The present disclosure relates generally to latch mechanisms and, more particularly, to aircraft latch mechanisms exhibiting efficient load paths.
Various latching mechanisms exist for use in aircraft as aircraft have many components, such as fuselage panels, including cowlings and the like, which must be opened and closed securely. For example, tension latches mounted on a first panel are typically configured to cinch to a keeper on a second panel to hold the first panel, which may be a moveable panel, closed relative to the second panel. Other latches include sliding toggle linkages to minimize the kinematic envelope of the latch. These linkages rotate around a mounting pin to produce the latch reach. The complexity of certain aircraft latches makes them relatively large and heavy, which is disfavored in aircraft. Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a latch having a reduced size and weight, but that exhibits the strength of larger and heavier latches.
A hook body for a latch mechanism is disclosed. In various embodiments, the hook body includes a plurality of longitudinal members, each of the plurality of longitudinal members extending in a longitudinal direction along a full length of an upper and a lower surface with respect to the hook body, and a hook body load bearing plate connected to the plurality of longitudinal members and being oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, the hook body load bearing plate configured to slidably receive a shaft connected to a hook, the shaft extending in the longitudinal direction with respect to the hook body.
In various embodiments, the plurality of longitudinal members includes a first upper longitudinal beam, the first upper longitudinal beam connected to a first aft flange. In various embodiments, the plurality of longitudinal members includes a second upper longitudinal beam, the second upper longitudinal beam connected to a second aft flange. In various embodiments, a forward upper plate is positioned between and connects the first upper longitudinal beam and the second upper longitudinal beam to the hook body load bearing plate. In various embodiments, the forward upper plate extends in the longitudinal direction and lies in an upper plane that is orthogonal to the hook body load bearing plate.
In various embodiments, the plurality of longitudinal members includes a first lower longitudinal beam, the first lower longitudinal beam connected to the first aft flange. In various embodiments, the plurality of longitudinal members includes a second lower longitudinal beam, the second lower longitudinal beam connected to the second aft flange. In various embodiments, a forward lower plate is positioned between and connects the first lower longitudinal beam and the second lower longitudinal beam to the hook body load bearing plate. In various embodiments, the forward lower plate extends in the longitudinal direction and lies in a lower plane that is orthogonal to the hook body load bearing plate.
In various embodiments, the plurality of longitudinal members includes an upper longitudinal beam and a lower longitudinal beam, the upper longitudinal beam and the lower longitudinal beam connected to an aft flange and defining an axial cutout extending longitudinally between the hook body load bearing plate and the aft flange. In various embodiments, a forward upper plate is positioned between and connects the upper longitudinal beam to the hook body load bearing plate and a forward lower plate is positioned between and connects the lower longitudinal beam to the hook body load bearing plate. In various embodiments, the axial cutout is configured to receive a pin, and enable the hook body to slide in the longitudinal direction with respect to the pin.
A latch mechanism is disclosed. In various embodiments, the latch mechanism includes a hook body, the hook body including a plurality of longitudinal members, each of the plurality of longitudinal members extending in a longitudinal direction with respect to the hook body, a hook body load bearing plate connected to the plurality of longitudinal members and being oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal direction; and a hook mechanism, the hook mechanism having a hook and a shaft connected to the hook, the shaft extending in the longitudinal direction with respect to the hook body.
In various embodiments, the plurality of longitudinal members includes an upper longitudinal beam and a lower longitudinal beam, the upper longitudinal beam and the lower longitudinal beam connected to an aft flange. In various embodiments, a forward upper plate is positioned between and connects the upper longitudinal beam to the hook body load bearing plate, the forward upper plate extending in the longitudinal direction and disposed in an upper plane that is orthogonal to the hook body load bearing plate. In various embodiments, a forward lower plate is positioned between and connects the lower longitudinal beam to the hook body load bearing plate, the forward lower plate extending in the longitudinal direction and disposed in a lower plane that is orthogonal to the hook body load bearing plate. In various embodiments, the upper longitudinal beam and the lower longitudinal beam connected to the aft flange define an axial cutout extending longitudinally between the hook body load bearing plate and the aft flange. In various embodiments, the axial cutout is configured to receive a pin and enable the hook body to slide in the longitudinal direction with respect to the pin.
In various embodiments, the plurality of longitudinal members includes a first upper longitudinal beam and a first lower longitudinal beam, the first upper longitudinal beam and the first lower longitudinal beam connected to a first aft flange. In various embodiments, the plurality of longitudinal members includes a second upper longitudinal beam and a second lower longitudinal beam, the second upper longitudinal beam and the second lower longitudinal beam connected to a second aft flange.
In various embodiments, a forward upper plate is positioned between and connects the first upper longitudinal beam and the second upper longitudinal beam to the hook body load bearing plate, the forward upper plate extending in the longitudinal direction and disposed in an upper plane that is orthogonal to the hook body load bearing plate. In various embodiments, a forward lower plate is positioned between and connects the first lower longitudinal beam and the second lower longitudinal beam to the hook body load bearing plate, the forward lower plate extending in the longitudinal direction and disposed in a lower plane that is orthogonal to the hook body load bearing plate.
In various embodiments, the first upper longitudinal beam and the first lower longitudinal beam connected to the first aft flange define a first axial cutout extending longitudinally between the hook body load bearing plate and the first aft flange. In various embodiments, the second upper longitudinal beam and the second lower longitudinal beam connected to the second aft flange define a second axial cutout extending longitudinally between the hook body load bearing plate and the second aft flange. In various embodiments, the first axial cutout and the second axial cutout are configured to receive a pin, and enable the hook body to slide in the longitudinal direction with respect to the pin.
The foregoing features and elements may be combined in any combination, without exclusivity, unless expressly indicated herein otherwise. These features and elements as well as the operation of the disclosed embodiments will become more apparent in light of the following description and accompanying drawings.
The subject matter of the present disclosure is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the concluding portion of the specification. A more complete understanding of the present disclosure, however, may best be obtained by referring to the following detailed description and claims in connection with the following drawings. While the drawings illustrate various embodiments employing the principles described herein, the drawings do not limit the scope of the claims.
The following detailed description of various embodiments herein makes reference to the accompanying drawings, which show various embodiments by way of illustration. While these various embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the disclosure, it should be understood that other embodiments may be realized and that changes may be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the detailed description herein is presented for purposes of illustration only and not of limitation. Furthermore, any reference to singular includes plural embodiments, and any reference to more than one component or step may include a singular embodiment or step. Also, any reference to attached, fixed, connected, or the like may include permanent, removable, temporary, partial, full or any other possible attachment option. Additionally, any reference to without contact (or similar phrases) may also include reduced contact or minimal contact. It should also be understood that unless specifically stated otherwise, references to “a,” “an” or “the” may include one or more than one and that reference to an item in the singular may also include the item in the plural. Further, all ranges may include upper and lower values and all ranges and ratio limits disclosed herein may be combined.
Referring now to the drawings,
In various embodiments and with additional reference to the nacelle 104 illustrated in
Referring now to
In operation, (e.g., when decoupling the first core cowl panel 108 and the second core cowl panel 110), the latch handle 222 is rotated about the second pin 248 and away from the hook body 230, causing the first link 226 and the second link 228 to articulate with respect to each other about the third pin 250. The mutual articulation about the third pin 250, caused by engagement of a channel 252 cut into the latch handle 222 with the third pin 250, thereby further causes the hook body 230, together with the hook mechanism 236, to be urged in an axial direction (i.e., the Y-direction) with respect to the first pin 246, which remains stationary with respect to the cowl panel to which the latch mechanism 220 is connected (e.g., the second core cowl panel 110). Once the hook mechanism 236 or the hook 238 is decoupled from the mating pin 240, the first core cowl panel 108 and the second core cowl panel 110 may be decoupled. Coupling the first core cowl panel 108 and the second core cowl panel 110 is accomplished by reversing the operational steps above described.
In various embodiments, the coupling and decoupling of the latch mechanism 220 to the mating pin 240 may be adjusted by adjusting the location of the hook 238 with respect to the hook body 230 using an adjustment mechanism 254 that comprises, for example, an adjustment nut 256 threadedly coupled to a shaft 258 that is connected to the hook 238. Rotating the adjustment nut 256 in a first direction, for example, increases the distance (or axial position) between the hook 238 and the hook body 230, while rotating the adjustment nut 256 in a second direction decreases the distance (or axial position) between the hook 238 and the hook body 230. In various embodiments, a bearing block 255 is positioned between the adjustment nut 256 and a hook body load bearing plate 257 of the hook body 230, while a bias element 259 (e.g., a wave spring) is disposed aft of the adjustment nut 256 and configured to bias the adjustment nut 256 toward the bearing block 255 and the hook body load bearing plate 257 when the latch mechanism 220 assumes a decoupled or an unloaded state.
Referring now to
In similar fashion, the first upper longitudinal beam 360 and the second upper longitudinal beam 361 are connected to a forward upper plate 366, while the first lower longitudinal beam 362 and the second lower longitudinal beam are connected to a forward lower plate 367. The forward upper plate 366 and the forward lower plate 367 are connected to a hook body load bearing plate 357, similar to the hook body load bearing plate 257 described above. In various embodiments, the forward upper plate 366 lies or is disposed within an upper plane that is substantially perpendicular to the hook body load bearing plate 357 and extends in the longitudinal direction away from the load bearing plate (i.e., toward an aft direction). Similarly, the forward lower plate 367 lies or is disposed within a lower plane that is substantially perpendicular to the hook body load bearing plate 357 and extends in the longitudinal direction away from the load bearing plate (i.e., toward the aft direction). Also similar to the description above, the latch mechanism 320 includes an adjustment nut 356 threadedly engaged with a shaft 358 that is connected to a hook 338. A bearing block 355 is positioned between the adjustment nut 356 and the hook body load bearing plate 357. In various embodiments, the bearing block 355 receives the axial load placed on the adjustment nut 356 when the latch mechanism 320 assumes a deployed or a loaded state and distributes the load throughout the hook body load bearing plate 357. As described further below, the distributed load is then transferred via the longitudinal beams to the first aft flange 364 and to the second aft flange 365 and ultimately to the aft pin 348 via an efficient load transfer design of the hook body 330.
Still referring to
As illustrated, the tensile load distributed and translated throughout the hook body 330 occurs without experiencing local stress concentrations, due primarily to the box-like structure of the hook body 330. More specifically, each of the first upper longitudinal beam 360, the second upper longitudinal beam 361, the first lower longitudinal beam 362 and the second lower longitudinal beam are oriented essentially in the axial direction, from the forward upper plate 366 and the forward lower plate 367 to the first aft flange 364 and to the second aft flange 365. In other words, the hook body 330 does not exhibit any elements within the structure where the load paths deviate substantially from the axial direction. In various embodiments, the box-like structure that results in the efficient load path described above is a result of the hook body 330 having a constant or essentially constant height H1 (or hook body height) and a constant or essentially constant width W (or hook body width), both of which are essentially orthogonal to the axial load paths extending through the various structural elements above described. Further, an axial cutout 344, similar to the axial cutout 244 described above with reference to
Referring now to
In similar fashion, the upper longitudinal beam 460 is connected to a forward upper plate 466, while the lower longitudinal beam 462 is connected to a forward lower plate 467. The forward upper plate 466 and the forward lower plate 467 are connected to a hook body load bearing plate 457, similar to the hook body load bearing plate 257 and to the hook body load bearing plate 357 described above. In various embodiments, the forward upper plate 466 lies or is disposed within an upper plane that is substantially perpendicular to the hook body load bearing plate 457 and extends in the longitudinal direction away from the load bearing plate (i.e., toward an aft direction). Similarly, the forward lower plate 467 lies or is disposed within a lower plane that is substantially perpendicular to the hook body load bearing plate 457 and extends in the longitudinal direction away from the load bearing plate (i.e., toward the aft direction). Also similar to the description above, the latch mechanism 420 includes an adjustment nut 456 threadedly engaged with a shaft 458 that is connected to a hook 438. A bearing block 455 is positioned between the adjustment nut 456 and the hook body load bearing plate 457. In various embodiments, the bearing block 455 receives the axial load placed on the adjustment nut 456 when the latch mechanism 420 assumes a deployed or a loaded state and distributes the load throughout the hook body load bearing plate 457. As described further below, the distributed load is then transferred via the longitudinal beams to the aft flange 464 and ultimately to the aft pin 448 via an efficient load transfer design of the hook body 430.
Still referring to
As illustrated, the tensile load distributed and translated throughout the hook body 430 occurs without experiencing local stress concentrations, due primarily to the box-like structure of the hook body 430. More specifically, each of the upper longitudinal beam 460 and the lower longitudinal beam 462 are oriented essentially in the axial direction, from the forward upper plate 466 and the forward lower plate 467 to the aft flange 464. In other words, the hook body 430 does not exhibit any elements within the structure where the load paths deviate substantially from the axial direction. In various embodiments, the box-like structure that results in the efficient load path described above is a result of the hook body 430 having a constant or essentially constant height H1 (or hook body height) and a constant or essentially constant width W (or hook body width), both of which are essentially orthogonal to the axial load paths extending through the various structural elements above described. Further, an axial cutout 444, similar to the axial cutout 244 and the axial cutout 344 described above, also exhibits an essentially longitudinal or axial configuration. As illustrated in
Referring now to
For example, as illustrated in
The foregoing disclosure provides a hook body and a latch mechanism that constrains the loads experienced by the hook body to lie primarily in a longitudinal direction, thereby preventing or reducing various moments or torques that might otherwise occur when loading the latch mechanism. Reducing the moments or torques enables the loads experienced by the various components to be confined to pure axial loads, typically in tension, when the latch mechanism is in a deployed state. A bearing block and, in particular, a block load bearing plate, may be incorporated into the hook body or mechanism to distribute the loads placed on it throughout the hook body load bearing plate, thus enabling the loads to be evenly distributed throughout the longitudinal beams, with the loads being primarily tensile loads without moments or torques placed on the beams. The load distribution facilitates smaller, lighter and more compact hook bodies to be incorporated into a latch mechanism. In addition, the disclosure provides for an adjustable latch mechanism, whereby a functional length may be increased or decreased by swapping one or both of the hook mechanism or the latch linkage with components having or accommodating different lengths to thereby affect latch mechanisms exhibiting different functional lengths while using a common hook body. Note that while the foregoing disclosure describes a hook body comprising a plurality of elements, such as, for example, longitudinal beams, aft flanges, upper and lower plate members and load bearing plates, the disclosure contemplates embodiments where each of the various elements is incorporated into a single-piece, monolithic component when fabricated. Further, the disclosure contemplates embodiments where the longitudinal beams include the plate members as well as the aft flanges into single-piece, monolithic longitudinal members. In other words, the term longitudinal member may be construed to include each (or one or more of) of a plate, a longitudinal beam and an aft flange.
Benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described herein with regard to specific embodiments. Furthermore, the connecting lines shown in the various figures contained herein are intended to represent exemplary functional relationships and/or physical couplings between the various elements. It should be noted that many alternative or additional functional relationships or physical connections may be present in a practical system. However, the benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any elements that may cause any benefit, advantage, or solution to occur or become more pronounced are not to be construed as critical, required, or essential features or elements of the disclosure. The scope of the disclosure is accordingly to be limited by nothing other than the appended claims, in which reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless explicitly so stated, but rather “one or more.” Moreover, where a phrase similar to “at least one of A, B, or C” is used in the claims, it is intended that the phrase be interpreted to mean that A alone may be present in an embodiment, B alone may be present in an embodiment, C alone may be present in an embodiment, or that any combination of the elements A, B and C may be present in a single embodiment; for example, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C. Different cross-hatching is used throughout the figures to denote different parts but not necessarily to denote the same or different materials.
Systems, methods and apparatus are provided herein. In the detailed description herein, references to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” “various embodiments,” etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described. After reading the description, it will be apparent to one skilled in the relevant art(s) how to implement the disclosure in alternative embodiments.
Numbers, percentages, or other values stated herein are intended to include that value, and also other values that are about or approximately equal to the stated value, as would be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art encompassed by various embodiments of the present disclosure. A stated value should therefore be interpreted broadly enough to encompass values that are at least close enough to the stated value to perform a desired function or achieve a desired result. The stated values include at least the variation to be expected in a suitable industrial process, and may include values that are within 10%, within 5%, within 1%, within 0.1%, or within 0.01% of a stated value. Additionally, the terms “substantially,” “about” or “approximately” as used herein represent an amount close to the stated amount that still performs a desired function or achieves a desired result. For example, the term “substantially,” “about” or “approximately” may refer to an amount that is within 10% of, within 5% of, within 1% of, within 0.1% of, and within 0.01% of a stated amount or value.
Furthermore, no element, component, or method step in the present disclosure is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether the element, component, or method step is explicitly recited in the claims. No claim element herein is to be construed under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. 112(f) unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for.” As used herein, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be understood that any of the above described concepts can be used alone or in combination with any or all of the other above described concepts. Although various embodiments have been disclosed and described, one of ordinary skill in this art would recognize that certain modifications would come within the scope of this disclosure. Accordingly, the description is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the principles described or illustrated herein to any precise form. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching.
