The present invention relates to an aeration device for aeration of a liquid. The invention moreover relates to an aeration system comprising one or more aeration devices. Finally, the invention relates to a method for aerating a liquid and a use of the aeration device for aerating a liquid.
Aeration is the process by which air is circulated through, mixed with or dissolved in a liquid or substance. Aeration of liquids may be advantageous in many types of systems, i.a. treatment of waste water, aerobic biological processes, cultivation of bacteria in liquids, etc. Aeration of liquids is typically achieved by passing the liquid through air by means of fountains, cascades, paddle-wheels or cones or by passing air through the liquid by means of a Venturi tube, aeration turbines or compressed air which can be combined with diffuser air stones, as well as fine bubble diffusers, coarse bubble diffusers or linear aeration tubing. On a given volume of air or liquid, the surface area changes proportionally with drop or bubble size, the very surface area where exchange can occur. Utilizing extremely small bubbles or drops increases the rate of gas transfer (aeration) due to the higher contact surface area.
Fine bubble diffusers are arranged for providing very small air bubbles which rise slowly from the floor of aeration tank, e.g. in a wastewater treatment plant or sewage treatment plant, and provide substantial and efficient mass transfer of oxygen to the water. The oxygen, combined with the food source, sewage, allows the bacteria to produce enzymes which help break down the waste so that it can settle in the secondary clarifiers or be filtered by membranes.
Even though very small bubble sizes, such as ultra fine bubbles in the micrometer size provides a large bubble surface area on which exchange may occur, such small bubble sizes in fine bubble diffusers rise quite slowly and do not provide adequate mixing of sewage in an aeration tank. Moreover, the aeration system in a wastewater or sewage treatment plant providing very small bubble sizes may consume at between 50% and 70% of the energy of the entire plant.
Thus, an alternative aeration of a liquid for provision of small or very small air bubble sizes would be advantageous. In particular, a more power efficient aeration device would be advantageous. Moreover, an aeration device providing faster mixing of small or very small air bubbles with a liquid.
It is an object of the invention to provide an aeration device that is arranged for providing small and very small air bubbles in a liquid. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a more efficient aeration device. It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide an alternative to the prior art. In particular, it may be seen as an object of the present invention to provide a aeration device that solves the above mentioned disadvantages of the prior art in relation to a high energy consumption and/or slow mixing of liquid and air bubbles.
Thus, the above described object and several other objects are intended to be obtained in a first aspect of the invention by providing an aeration device for aeration of a liquid, comprising a plate of a first material, said first material being permeable to air, said plate having inlet means for inletting air into the plate; means for creating a flow of liquid across the plate of the first material, when said aeration devices is immersed or submerged in a liquid, wherein the plate is stationary within the aeration device. Air under pressure may be inlet into the plate via the inlet means and may exit the plate through the material which is permeable to air. The flow of liquid across the plate will cause the air permeated through the plate material to detach from the plate; this will provide smaller air bubbles compared with a plate across which no flow of liquid is provided. The size of the air bubbles detached from the plate will decrease with increasing flow across the plate. Thus, the size of the air bubbles created may be controlled.
The feature of the plate being stationary within the aeration device provides a simplification of fittings and mounting of the aeration device compared to aeration devices wherein the plate is rotating or moving.
The feature of the first material being permeable to air renders it possible to provide very small bubbles of gas or air exiting from the surface of the plate, since the microscopic pores of an air permeable material typically will be smaller than manufactured openings in an otherwise non-permeable material.
According to another aspect, the aeration device moreover comprises a disc member of a second material arranged for being placed in parallel to the plate, but leaving a gap between the plate and the disc member, and wherein the means for creating a flow of liquid across the plate of the first material comprises means for rotating the disc member around a central axis through the disc member.
Preferably, the disc member is arranged for being rotated around a central axis through the disc member. However, it is also conceivable that the disc member may be rotated or moved around a decentred axis. The rotation should preferably be around an axis which is predominantly perpendicular to the radial direction in the plane of the disc member.
The rotation of the disc member of the aeration device may be arranged for creating a flow in a liquid, into which the aeration device is submerged or immersed. The flow of the liquid across the plate of the first material has a radial component as well as a cross flow component. These flow components of the flow across the plate may be controlled depending on the distance between the disc member and the plate and on the number of revolutions per time unit.
Moreover, the size, configuration and/or material of the disc member may render the disc member lighter than the plate; hereby the impact of any disequilibrium or unbalance is reduced compared to when the aeration plate is rotated in that this impact increases with increased mass being rotated.
The aeration device may be in a pressure system, i.e. a closed system that operates under pressure. Alternatively, the aeration device may be submerged or immersed into the liquid in an open tank or in a reactor which is not under pressure.
It should be noted that the term “permeable to air” is meant to denote “permeable to air under pressure” as opposed to “permeable due to chemicals”; moreover “permeable to air” is meant to be synonymous to “permeable to gas”. Moreover, even though the material of the plate is denoted “a first material” and the material of the disc member is denoted “a second material”, it is conceivable that the first and the second material are identical.
According to yet another aspect, the plate of the aeration device according to the invention comprises a pattern of internal cavities connected to the inlet means for distribution of air inlet inside the plate. Hereby, an efficient distribution of air inside the plate may be obtained and the generation of air bubbles may be relatively uniform across the surface of the plate.
According to a further aspect, the first material is a sintered material or a polymer material. The polymer material may have chemically formed microscopic pores. A plate of one of these materials provides an appropriate porosity and/or mechanical strength. The sintered material may for instance be a ceramic or metal material.
According to yet another aspect of the aeration device, the disc member has a surface configuration arranged for creating a flow of a liquid in a direction substantially in parallel to the disc member, when the aeration device is immersed or submerged in the liquid and the disc member is rotated.
The wording “the aeration device is immersed or submerged in liquid” is meant to denote that at least a part of the plate and part of the disc member is immersed or submerged in liquid.
The flow substantially in parallel to the disc member may be split up into a radial component as well as a cross flow component as described above. The created flow of the liquid parallel to the plane of the disc member should provide a flow of the liquid across the surface of the plate of the aeration device, which assists in detachment of air bubbles from the surface of the plate of the aeration device. The surface configuration of the disc member may comprise one or more openings through, recesses in or elevations on said disc member. Alternatively, the disc member may comprise a number of spikes or spokes extending radially from a centre point. The configuration or construction of the disc member may be any appropriate configuration or construction which is arranged for providing a flow or circulation of a liquid upon rotation or movement of the disc member. Preferably, the design or configuration of the disc member is such that a relatively large cross flow component and a relatively small radial component of the flow across the plate is achieved. Openings through, recesses in or elevations on the disc member may provide pulsations in the flow across the surface of the plate of the aeration device, which may facilitate the detachment of air bubbles from the plate of the aeration device, which in turn may provide air bubbles of smaller sizes.
According to another aspect, the surface configuration of the disc member comprises one or more projections arranged in the direction from the centre to the periphery of the disc member. Such projections may be blades or paddles fixed to or integrated with the surface of the disc member. The shape of the projections along the surface of the disc member may be curved or they may define straight lines. Such projections may provide a larger flow of the liquid across the surface of the plate of the aeration device and/or pulsations in the flow across the surface of the plate of the aeration device. Both the larger flow and the pulsations in the flow may facilitate the detachment of air bubbles from the plate of the aeration device, which in turn may air provide bubbles of smaller sizes.
Preferable, the second material comprises a plastic material or a metal alloy. The choice of such materials provides a disc member with an appropriate strength and mass. Stainless steel may be advantageous due to its low corrosion.
According to a further aspect, the aeration device moreover comprises a spacer arranged to hold a disc member pivotally within the periphery thereof. The spacer may ensure that a specific distance exists between the plate and the disc member of the aeration device.
Another aspect of the invention relates to an aeration system comprising one or more of the aeration devices of the invention, and moreover comprising: system inlet means arranged for letting air under pressure into the aeration system, so that liquid may enter into the one or more plates of the one or more aeration devices.
Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a method of aerating a liquid, comprising inletting air into inlet means of a plate of a first material, said first material being permeable to air, rotating the plate of first material or rotating a disc member of a second material about a central axis through the disc member, said disc member being placed in parallel to the plate, but leaving a gap between said plate and said disc member. This method and use provides similar advantages as explained above in relation to the aeration device and aeration system.
Each of the different aspects of the present invention may be combined with any of the other aspects. These and other aspects of the invention will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter.
The aeration device and the aeration system according to the invention will now be described in more detail with regard to the accompanying figures. The figures show one way of implementing the present invention and is not to be construed as being limiting to other possible embodiments falling within the scope of the attached claim set. Like reference numerals denote like elements throughout the figures.
a to 6c show views of an exemplary plate of an aeration device of the invention; and
The plate 30 has a central hole 33 as well as openings 31, 34. One of the openings is an inlet 31 connected to a pattern of internal cavities within the plate 30 (see
The aeration device 10 shown in
When the plate 30 is of the ceramic material, the medium pore size of the ceramic material may for example lie between 0.1 μm and 5 μm, or between 0.5 μm and 4 μm, or between 1.5 μm and 2.5 μm. These medium pore sizes are only exemplary and should not be taken as limiting the invention, in that ceramic material having any appropriate medium pore size providing bubbles of air of the required size may be conceivable.
The aeration device may be submerged or immersed into the liquid in an open tank or in a reactor which is not under pressure. However, the aeration device 10 is also suitable for being part of a reactor, i.e. a closed system, for aerating any liquid, e.g. a liquid comprising solid components, such as particles of solid material. The liquid to be aerated may be inlet into the reactor in which the aeration device 10 is situated. Air under pressure may be inlet into the air inlet means 31 of the plate of the aeration device, the air is distributed within the internal cavities of the plate 30 and permeates through the material of the plate 30 to form small or very small air bubbles on the surface of the plate 30. The size of the air bubbles detached from the plate 30 depends upon the porosity of the plate 30, the pressure of the air as well as the speed of rotation of the disc 12.
Each of the surface configurations may be a recess in or an elevation on the disc 12. Alternatively, the surface configurations may be through-going holes or openings (see
From
a to 6c show views of an exemplary plate 30 of an aeration device according to the invention.
The shape and size of the plate 30 is correlated to the size of the discs 12 of the aeration device, so that piping 29 may extend through the holes 31 parallel to the shaft 16 (see
Whilst
c shows a cross-section through the plate 30 along the line 6c-6c in
In operation of the aeration device, the plate 30 is arranged to be placed adjacent to, but with a distance to, a disc 12 as seen in
The disc 12 may rotate to provide a cross flow of the liquid into which the aeration device 20 is submerged or immersed, along the surface of the plate 30 as seen in
It should be noted that the air may be atmospheric air or a gas such as pure oxygen. Atmospheric air may be advantageous even though it only comprises about 20% oxygen due to lower acquisition costs.
It should be noted, that another number of openings 31, 34 is conceivable as well as all openings 31, 34 might be arranged for inletting air into the plate from inlet tubing connected to the openings 31, 34.
The aeration device 20 comprises a plurality of aeration plates 30 as well as a plurality of discs 12 and two end pieces 28. The aeration plates 30 are stationary within the aeration device 20 and within the reactor 1. The discs 12 are placed inside the aeration device 20 so as to be free to rotate within the aeration device 20. Between any two neighbouring plates 30, a disc 12 is situated, held within a spacer 27 (see
Liquid inlet into the reactor 1 under pressure will flow through the space or gap between the aeration device 20 and the wall 2 of the reactor 1. If more than one aeration device 20 is present in the reactor 1, the liquid will flow along the side of the reactor 1 until the aeration device 20 that is placed farthest back in relation to the motor 7 connected to the reactor 1. From here, the liquid 8 will enter into the aeration devices in the reactor 1, i.e. in-between the plates 30. Liquid 8 may enter through the end piece 28 of a reactor, through holes of the discs 12 and into the plates 30 of the aeration device(s) 20.
Air under pressure is inlet into the plates 30 of the aeration device 20 via the inlets 31. The air will flow into the internal cavities 32 of the plates 30 (see
The reactor 1 may e.g. be a purification reactor for treatment of waste water. The aeration devices 20 may be used together with filtering devices for mechanical filtering in an activated sludge process for the treatment of sewage or waste water. In such an activated sludge process, atmospheric air or pure oxygen is forced into raw sewage combined with organisms to develop a biological floc which reduces the organic content of the sewage. The biological floc may be filtered by the filtering devices in the reactor.
Even though the aeration device 20 has been described as comprising aeration plates 30 and rotatable discs 12 only, it should be noted that it is also conceivable that some of the plates 30 of the aeration device 20 were filtering plates instead. Such filtering plates would be arranged with outlet means for outletting filtered liquid from the filtering plates. The filtering plates would advantageously have the same outer dimensions as the aeration plates 30 and could be of the same material. However, such filtering plates would advantageously comprise an additional membrane layer. The rotatable discs 12 in the vicinity of the filtering plates would be advantageous in order to prevent clogging or fouling of the filtering plates. Such an arrangement of filtering plates and aeration plates, e.g. 9 filtering plates and 3 aeration plates, in a device could be advantageous in a purification reactor for treatment of waste water.
Although the present invention has been described in connection with the specified embodiments, it should not be construed as being in any way limited to the presented examples. The scope of the present invention is set out by the accompanying claim set. In the context of the claims, the terms “comprising” or “comprises” do not exclude other possible elements or steps. Also, the mentioning of references such as “a” or “an” etc. should not be construed as excluding a plurality. The use of reference signs in the claims with respect to elements indicated in the figures shall also not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Furthermore, individual features mentioned in different claims, may possibly be advantageously combined, and the mentioning of these features in different claims does not exclude that a combination of features is not possible and advantageous.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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07117494.0 | Sep 2007 | EP | regional |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/DK2008/050237 | 9/26/2008 | WO | 00 | 4/30/2010 |