The present disclosure relates to an aerosol provision device, a method of generating an aerosol using the aerosol provision device, and an aerosol-generating system comprising the aerosol provision device.
Articles such as cigarettes, cigars and the like burn tobacco during use to create tobacco smoke. Attempts have been made to provide alternatives to these types of articles, which burn tobacco, by creating products that release compounds without burning. Apparatus is known that heats smokable material to volatilize at least one component of the smokable material, typically to form an aerosol which can be inhaled, without burning or combusting the smokable material. Such apparatus is sometimes described as a “heat-not-burn” apparatus or a “tobacco heating product” (THP) or “tobacco heating device” or similar. Various different arrangements for volatilizing at least one component of the smokable material are known.
The material may be, for example, tobacco or other non-tobacco products or a combination, such as a blended mix, which may or may not contain nicotine.
According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an aerosol provision device for generating aerosol from aerosol-generating material, the device comprising: a heating chamber for receiving the aerosol-generating material; at least one heating unit for heating the aerosol-generating material during a session of use; and an aperture, which fluidically connects the heating chamber with the exterior of the aerosol provision device; wherein the aperture is non-circular and has a smallest dimension, as measured through the centroid of the aperture, of less than or equal to 0.65 mm.
According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an aerosol provision device for generating aerosol from aerosol-generating material, the device comprising: a heating chamber for receiving the aerosol-generating material; at least one heating unit for heating the aerosol-generating material during a session of use; and an aperture, which fluidically connects the heating chamber with the exterior of the aerosol provision device; wherein the aperture has a perimeter of less than or equal to 3.40 mm.
According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an aerosol provision device for generating aerosol from aerosol-generating material, the device comprising: a housing; a heating chamber, located within the housing, for receiving the aerosol-generating material; at least one inductive heating unit for heating the aerosol-generating material during a session of use; and an aperture, which fluidically connects the heating chamber with the exterior of the aerosol provision device; wherein the aperture has an area of less than or equal to 0.65 mm2.
According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an aerosol provision device for generating aerosol from aerosol-generating material, the device comprising: a housing; a heating chamber, located within the housing, for receiving the aerosol generating material; at least one inductive heating unit for heating the aerosol-generating material during a session of use; and a plurality of apertures, the or each fluidically connecting the heating chamber with the exterior of the aerosol provision device; wherein the plurality of apertures has a total combined area of less than 4.00 mm2.
Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, given by way of example only, which is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
To facilitate formation of an aerosol in use, aerosol-generating material for aerosol-provision devices (e.g. tobacco heating products) usually contains more water and/or aerosol-generating agent than the smokeable material within combustible smoking articles. This higher water and/or aerosol-generating agent content can increase the risk of condensate collecting within the aerosol-provision device during use, particularly in locations away from the heating unit(s).
The inventors consider that this problem may be greater in devices with enclosed heating chambers. In some such devices, the heating chamber may be fluidically connected, in parallel, with the exterior of the device by several apertures, which may, for example, regulate the flow of air into the device.
Having studied the results of tests of devices having such apertures, the inventors consider that the apertures may be a significant contributing factor to the collection of condensate within the device. Furthermore, the inventors foresee a risk that any condensate that does accumulate within the device may leak out through the apertures, with such leakage inconveniencing the user of the device.
However, the inventors have determined that suitably configured apertures may reduce the risk of such leakage of condensate from the device.
In this regard, reference is directed to
The device 100 comprises a housing 102 (in the form of an outer cover) which surrounds and houses various components of the device 100. The device 100 has an opening 104 in one end, through which the article 110 may be inserted for heating by a heating assembly. In use, the article 110 may be fully or partially inserted into the heating assembly where it may be heated by one or more components of the heater assembly.
Apertures 141 may provide suitable impedance to the flow of air into the device, so as to regulate the flow of air through the device 100. However, such impedance may equally increase the risk that condensate collects within the device 100, for example in inlet conduit 103. Additionally, as mentioned above, there is a risk that such accumulated condensate leaks from the device, inconveniencing the user. Nonetheless, by configuration of the device 100, in accordance with any of the aspects of this disclosure, the risk of condensate leaking from the device 100 may be substantially reduced.
As also shown in
The inventors have studied the results of tests of devices of similar construction to the device 100 of
Moreover, as noted above, where condensate does accumulate within the device, there is a risk that it leaks out of the device, inconveniencing the user.
Nonetheless, by studying the test results, the inventors believe that they have determined suitable approaches for configuring the apertures 141 to reduce the risk of condensate leaking from the device 100.
According to a first approach, the apertures 141 of the device 100 may be configured so as to be non-circular and to each have a smallest dimension (as measured through the centroid of the aperture in question) of less than or equal to 0.65 mm. Testing indicates that devices with such apertures are effective at preventing the leakage of condensate.
Without wishing to be bound by the theory, it is hypothesized that the fluidic resistance forces that inhibit condensate from passing through a given aperture may, in at least some cases, be related to the smallest dimension of the aperture, for example because this smallest dimension is indicative of capillary forces. A device having non-circular apertures with a smallest dimension of less than or equal to 0.65 mm may therefore, potentially as a result of such capillary forces, provide a suitable level of impedance to retain condensate within the device. On the other hand, the aperture's other dimensions may be selected so as to provide a suitable area for the aperture, for example so as to achieve a desired level of impedance to air flow.
Based on experimental results, the inventors consider that, in many cases, a smallest dimension of less than or equal to 0.625 mm may be sufficient to cause a significant reduction in the risk of leakage of condensate. Nonetheless, in some cases, the apertures may be configured with a smallest dimension of less than or equal to 0.60 mm.
According to a second approach, the apertures 141 of the device 100 may be configured so as to have a perimeter of less than or equal to 3.40 mm. Testing indicates that devices with such apertures are effective at preventing the leakage of condensate. Again, without wishing to be bound by the theory, it is hypothesized that, in many cases, the frictional forces experienced by liquid passing through a given aperture may be related to the perimeter of the aperture. Accordingly, apertures with relatively small perimeters may be effective at preventing the leakage of condensate.
Based on experimental results, the inventors consider that, in many cases, a perimeter of less than or equal to 3.40 mm may be sufficient to cause a significant reduction in the risk of leakage of condensate. Nonetheless, in some cases, the apertures may be configured with a perimeter of less than or equal to 3.25 mm, in other cases less than or equal to 3.00 mm.
According to a third approach, the apertures 141 of the device may be configured so as to have an area of less than or equal to 0.65 mm2. Testing indicates that devices with such apertures are effective at preventing the leakage of condensate. Again, without wishing to be bound by the theory, it is hypothesized that the ability of liquid to pass through a given aperture may be inversely related to the area of that aperture because, where a given pressure is present within a liquid (e.g. as a result of gravity), and that pressure is applied over a smaller area, a smaller total force is imparted on the fluid. Accordingly, apertures with relatively small areas may be effective at preventing the leakage of condensate.
Based on experimental results, the inventors consider that, in many cases, an area of less than or equal to 0.65 mm2 may be sufficient to cause a significant reduction in the risk of leakage of condensate. Nonetheless, in some cases, the apertures may be configured with an area of less than or equal to 0.60 mm2, in other cases less than or equal to 0.55 mm2. It will be appreciated that combinations of the above approaches may be employed when configuring a given aperture. For example, apertures might be configured so as to each have a smallest dimension of less than or equal to 0.65 mm and/or a perimeter of less than or equal to 3.40 mm and/or an area of less than or equal to 0.65 mm2.
Returning now to
In the particular example device 100 shown in
In general, the coil of an inductive heating unit may, for example, be configured to cause heating of one or more electrically-conductive heating elements, for instance so that heat energy is conductible from such electrically-conductive heating elements to aerosol-generating material to thereby cause heating of the aerosol-generating material. An inductive heating unit may be configured to cause the coil to generate a varying magnetic field for penetrating the at least one heating element, to thereby cause induction heating of the at least one heating element. In the device 100 shown in
As will be appreciated, heating units other than induction heating units might be employed in other examples. For instance, the device might include one or more resistive heating units. As an example, a resistive heating unit could be substituted for each of inductive heating units 161, 162. A resistive heating unit may comprise (or consist essentially of) one or more resistive heating elements. By “resistive heating element”, it is meant that on application of a voltage to the element, current flows within the element, with electrical resistance in the element transducing electrical energy into thermal energy which heats the aerosol-generating substrate. A resistive heating element may, for example, be in the form of a resistive wire, mesh, coil and/or a plurality of wires. The heat source may be a thin-film heater.
As is also apparent from
It may additionally be noted that, in the specific example shown in
Reference is now directed to
In the particular example shown, the device 100 includes six apertures 141. However, any suitable number of apertures could be included as a plurality of apertures; for instance, some embodiments might have as few as four apertures, whereas other embodiments might have as many as eight or ten apertures 141. Alternatively, a single aperture could be provided.
As illustrated in
As is apparent from
As is also apparent from
It may further be noted that each of the apertures 141 is shaped as a regular polygon. However, in other embodiments the apertures 141 could be shaped as irregular polygons.
Furthermore, while each aperture 141 in the device of may have substantially the same shape, this is by no means essential and in other embodiments two or more groups of apertures could be provided, where all the apertures in a group have substantially the same shape. Where there is only one aperture, it could be shaped as described above.
Reference is next directed to
Turning first to
The device 100 may also include a user-operable control element 112, such as a button or switch, which operates the device 100 when pressed. For example, a user may turn on the device 100 by operating the switch 112.
The device 100 may also comprise an electrical component, such as a socket/port 114, which can receive a cable to charge a battery of the device 100. For example, the socket 114 may be a charging port, such as a USB charging port.
As shown in
The end of the device closest to the opening 104 may be known as the proximal end (or mouth end) of the device 100 because, in use, it is closest to the mouth of the user. In use, a user inserts an article 110 into the opening 104, operates the user control 112 to begin heating the aerosol-generating material and draws on the aerosol generated in the device. This causes the aerosol to flow through the device 100 along a flow path towards the proximal end of the device 100.
The other end of the device furthest away from the opening 104 may be known as the distal end of the device 100 because, in use, it is the end furthest away from the mouth of the user. As a user draws on the aerosol generated in the device, the aerosol flows away from the distal end of the device 100.
The device 100 may further comprise a power source 118. The power source 118 may be, for example, a battery, such as a rechargeable battery or a non-rechargeable battery. Examples of suitable batteries include, for example, a lithium battery (such as a lithium-ion battery), a nickel battery (such as a nickel-cadmium battery), and an alkaline battery. The battery is electrically coupled to the heating assembly to supply electrical power when required and under control of a controller (not shown) to heat the aerosol-generating material. In this example, the battery is connected to a central support 120 which holds the battery 118 in place.
The device may further comprise at least one electronics module 122. The electronics module 122 may comprise, for example, a printed circuit board (PCB). The PCB 122 may support at least one controller, such as a processor, and memory. The PCB 122 may also comprise one or more electrical tracks to electrically connect together various electronic components of the device 100. For example, the battery terminals may be electrically connected to the PCB 122 so that power can be distributed throughout the device 100. The socket 114 may also be electrically coupled to the battery via the electrical tracks.
As noted above, in the example device 100, the heating assembly is an inductive heating assembly and comprises various components to heat the aerosol-generating material 110a via an inductive heating process. Induction heating is a process of heating an electrically conducting object (such as a susceptor) by electromagnetic induction. An induction heating assembly may comprise an inductive element, for example, one or more inductor coils, and a device for passing a varying electric current, such as an alternating electric current, through the inductive element. The varying electric current in the inductive element produces a varying magnetic field. The varying magnetic field penetrates a susceptor suitably positioned with respect to the inductive element, and generates eddy currents inside the susceptor. The susceptor has electrical resistance to the eddy currents, and hence the flow of the eddy currents against this resistance causes the susceptor to be heated by Joule heating. In cases where the susceptor comprises ferromagnetic material such as iron, nickel or cobalt, heat may also be generated by magnetic hysteresis losses in the susceptor, i.e. by the varying orientation of magnetic dipoles in the magnetic material as a result of their alignment with the varying magnetic field. In inductive heating, as compared to heating by conduction for example, heat is generated inside the susceptor, allowing for rapid heating. Further, there need not be any physical contact between the inductive heater and the susceptor, allowing for enhanced freedom in construction and application.
The induction heating assembly of the example device 100 comprises a susceptor arrangement 132 (herein referred to as “a susceptor”), a first inductor coil 124 and a second inductor coil 126. The first and second inductor coils 124, 126 are made from an electrically conducting material. In this example, the first and second inductor coils 124, 126 are made from Litz wire/cable which is wound in a helical fashion to provide helical inductor coils 124, 126. Litz wire comprises a plurality of individual wires which are individually insulated and are twisted together to form a single wire. Litz wires are designed to reduce the skin effect losses in a conductor. In the example device 100, the first and second inductor coils 124, 126 are made from copper Litz wire which has a rectangular cross section. In other examples the Litz wire can have other shape cross sections, such as circular.
The first inductor coil 124 is configured to generate a first varying magnetic field for heating a first section 134 of the susceptor 132 and the second inductor coil 126 is configured to generate a second varying magnetic field for heating a second section 136 of the susceptor 132. Thus, as discussed above with reference to
In the example shown in
It will be appreciated that the first and second inductor coils 124, 126, in some examples, may have at least one characteristic different from each other. For example, the first inductor coil 124 may have at least one characteristic different from the second inductor coil 126. More specifically, in one example, the first inductor coil 124 may have a different value of inductance than the second inductor coil 126. In
In this example, the first inductor coil 124 and the second inductor coil 126 are wound in opposite directions. This can be useful when the inductor coils are active at different times. For example, initially, the first inductor coil 124 may be operating to heat a first section/portion of the article 110, and at a later time, the second inductor coil 126 may be operating to heat a second section/portion of the article 110. Winding the coils in opposite directions helps reduce the current induced in the inactive coil when used in conjunction with a particular type of control circuit. In
The susceptor 132 of this example is hollow and therefore defines a heating chamber 101 within which aerosol-generating material is received. For example, the article 110 can be inserted into the susceptor 132. In this example the susceptor 120 is tubular, with a circular cross section.
The susceptor 132 may be made from one or more materials. Optionally, the susceptor 132 comprises carbon steel having a coating of Nickel or Cobalt.
In some examples, the susceptor 132 may comprise at least two materials capable of being heated at two different frequencies for selective aerosolization of the at least two materials. For example, a first section of the susceptor 132 (which is heated by the first inductor coil 124) may comprise a first material, and a second section of the susceptor 132 which is heated by the second inductor coil 126 may comprise a second, different material. In another example, the first section may comprise first and second materials, where the first and second materials can be heated differently based upon operation of the first inductor coil 124. The first and second materials may be adjacent along an axis defined by the susceptor 132, or may form different layers within the susceptor 132. Similarly, the second section may comprise third and fourth materials, where the third and fourth materials can be heated differently based upon operation of the second inductor coil 126. The third and fourth materials may be adjacent along an axis defined by the susceptor 132, or may form different layers within the susceptor 132. Third material may the same as the first material, and the fourth material may be the same as the second material, for example. Alternatively, each of the materials may be different. The susceptor may comprise carbon steel or aluminum for example.
The device 100 of
The insulating member 128 can also fully or partially support the first and second inductor coils 124, 126. For example, as shown in
In a specific example, the susceptor 132, the insulating member 128, and the first and second inductor coils 124, 126 are coaxial around a central longitudinal axis of the susceptor 132.
The device 100 further comprises inlet conduit support component 131 which, in the particular example illustrated, engages one end of the susceptor tube 132 to hold the susceptor tube 132 in place. The inlet conduit support component 131 is connected to the second end member 116.
The device may also comprise a second printed circuit board 138 associated within the control element 112.
The device 100 further comprises a second lid/cap 140 and a spring 142, arranged towards the distal end of the device 100. The spring 142 allows the second lid 140 to be opened, to provide access to the susceptor tube 132. A user may open the second lid 140 to clean the susceptor tube 132 and/or the interior surface of inlet conduit 103.
The device 100 further comprises an expansion chamber 144 which extends away from a proximal end of the susceptor 132 towards the opening 104 of the device. Located at least partially within the expansion chamber 144 is a retention clip 146 to abut and hold the article 110 when received within the device 100. The expansion chamber 144 is connected to the end member 106.
In one example, the susceptor 132 has a wall thickness 154 of about 0.025 mm to 1 mm, or about 0.05 mm.
In one example, the susceptor 132 has a length of about 40 mm to 60 mm, about 40 mm to 45 mm, or about 44.5 mm.
In one example, the insulating member 128 has a wall thickness 156 of about 0.25 mm to 2 mm, 0.25 mm to 1 mm, or about 0.5 mm.
“Session of use” as used herein refers to a single period of use of the aerosol-provision device by a user. The session of use begins at the point at which power is first supplied to at least one heating unit present in the heating assembly. The device will be ready for use after a period of time has elapsed from the start of the session of use. The session of use ends at the point at which no power is supplied to any of the heating elements in the aerosol-provision device. The end of the session of use may coincide with the point at which the smoking article is depleted (the point at which the total particulate matter yield (mg) in each puff would be deemed unacceptably low by a user). The session will have a duration of a plurality of puffs. Said session may have a duration less than 7 minutes, or 6 minutes, or 5 minutes, or 4 minutes and 30 seconds, or 4 minutes, or 3 minutes and 30 seconds. In some embodiments, the session of use may have a duration of from 2 to 5 minutes, or from 3 to 4.5 minutes, or 3.5 to 4.5 minutes, or suitably 4 minutes. A session may be initiated by the user actuating a button or switch on the device, causing at least one heating element to begin rising in temperature.
The above embodiments are to be understood as illustrative examples of the invention. Further embodiments of the invention are envisaged. It is to be understood that any feature described in relation to any one embodiment may be used alone, or in combination with other features described, and may also be used in combination with one or more features of any other of the embodiments, or any combination of any other of the embodiments. Furthermore, equivalents and modifications not described above may also be employed without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined in the accompanying claims.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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1908194.2 | Jun 2019 | GB | national |
The present application is a National Phase entry of PCT Application No. PCT/EP2020/065886, filed Jun. 8, 2020, which claims priority from GB Patent Application No. 1908194.2, filed Jun. 7, 2019, each of which is hereby fully incorporated herein by reference.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/EP2020/065886 | 6/8/2020 | WO | 00 |