Patent Application
20190069548
The present application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application Tokugan No. 2016-050279 filed on Mar. 14, 2016, all of the contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference. Also, all of the contents of publications cited in the above related application, including the specifications of patents and patent applications, are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entity.
The present invention relates to a thrips control agent containing prohydrojasmon and use thereof.
Thrips are minute insects. Thrips are a kind of insect pests that are difficult to control in agriculture. Damages caused by thrips and thrips-mediated tospoviruses have spread nationwide, due to interregional cultivation of a single crop, extensive distribution of seeds and seedlings, and/or the like. Further, the appearances of vegetables and fruits may be damaged due to insect damages caused by thrips. This often leads to a decline in commercial value of the vegetables and fruits. So far techniques for controlling thrips have been studied or developed. Such techniques include chemical control techniques typically including agricultural pesticide application etc., physical control techniques using insect screens, sticky traps, ultraviolet-cut films, etc., and biological control techniques with use of plant-hormone related substances, natural enemy insects, etc.
However, thrips habitually occupy a minute gap within a plant organ or between plant organs, so that it is difficult to cause an agricultural pesticide to reach the thrips. Therefore, there are scarce pesticides which exhibit a prominent effect in controlling thrips. Even if an agricultural pesticide barely exhibits a positive effect, insects resistant to the pesticide easily emerge as a result of using the pesticides more than once, or the like. In addition, in view of environmental conservation and ecosystem protection, the amount of such a highly toxic agricultural pesticide which imposes a high environmental burden is being reduced in the current trend.
The physical control techniques include, for example, a method of physically controlling invasion of thrips by providing a material such as an insect screen or a sticky trap, at an opening such as a side window or a skylight window of a cultivation facility such as a greenhouse. However, it is not possible to perfectly prevent invasion of thrips through a gap between such a material and an edge of the opening. Accordingly, the physical control techniques have a limited effect. Further, for example, placing a physical material deteriorates ventilation in a facility and consequently results in a high temperature and/or a high humidity in the facility. This is a negative effect of placing a physical material.
The biological control techniques are drawing attention because the biological control techniques may exhibit a characteristic which neither the chemical control techniques nor the physical control techniques have. For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a thrips control agent containing, as an active ingredient, at least one selected from the group consisting of a jasmonic acid which is a plant-hormone related substance, and an ester, an amide and a salt thereof. Further, Examples of Patent Literature 1 disclose experiments of thrips control with use of methyl jasmonate.
[Patent Literature 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication, Tokukai, No. 2009-256311 (Publication Date: Nov. 5, 2009)
However, as a result of diligent studies made by the inventors of the present application, the inventors confirmed that though methyl jasmonate described in Patent Literature 1 has a thrips control effect, methyl jasmonate causes a negative impact on plant growth. Therefore, in order to obtain a thrips control agent adapted more to practical use, there is an increasing importance of selecting the most suitable compound by re-evaluating a jasmonic acid and derivatives thereof in view of at least a thrips control ability and an impact on plant growth.
The present invention is attained in light of the above circumstances. An object of the present invention is to provide a thrips control agent which not only suppresses a negative impact on plant growth but also has a thrips control ability, and use thereof.
A thrips control agent in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention contains prohydrojasmon as an active ingredient, the thrips control agent being used for a plant which belongs to family Brassicaceae, family Solanaceae, family Rosaceae, family Cucurbitaceae, family Fabaceae, or family Asteraceae.
A method of controlling thrips in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes the step of treating a plant with the thrips control agent, which plant is being cultivated and belongs to family Brassicaceae, family Solanaceae, family Rosaceae, family Cucurbitaceae, family Fabaceae, or family Asteraceae.
A thrips control kit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes: the thrips control agent; and a plant virus or a decoy plant which attracts thrips.
An embodiment of the present invention is capable of providing a thrips control agent whose negative impact on plant growth is suppressed, and use thereof.
As a result of diligent studies made by the inventors of the present application, the inventors made it clear that even in a case where respective chemical structures of a jasmonic acid and derivatives thereof are similar to each other, the jasmonic acid and the derivatives thereof may influence plant growth and/or behavior of thrips in considerably different manners, respectively. The inventors also clarified, particularly in regard to prohydrojasmon which had been considered to be inferior to methyl jasmonate in terms of effects to be produced by thrips control agents, that while prohydrojasmon suppresses a negative impact on plant growth, prohydrojasmon has an excellent thrips control ability depending on target plants. The inventors of the present invention have accomplished the present invention based on the above findings.
The following will discuss embodiments of the present invention in details.
[1. Thrips Control Agent]
(Active Ingredient)
A thrips control agent in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as “the thrips control agent”) contains prohydrojasmon (PDJ). The structure of PDJ is represented by any of the formulae below. PDJ is an active ingredient for controlling thrips in the thrips control agent.
The thrips control agent may contain at least one of the above four types of PDJ enantiomers, but may also be a mixture containing two or more of the above four types of PDJ enantiomers. Typically, the thrips control agent is a mixture of the four types of PDJ enantiomers.
(Formulation and Ingredients Other than PDJ)
The thrips control agent is not particularly limited in formulation. Examples of the formulation of the thrips control agent encompass liquids, wettable powders, water-dispersible granules, emulsifiable concentrates, suspensions, powders, flowables, dispersants, dusts, pastes, and aerosols. Among others, liquids are more preferable.
The thrips control agent may contain only PDJ, but the thrips control agent may further contain other active ingredient(s), a carrier(s) acceptable in agricultural pesticides, and/or the like and be prepared in any of the above formulations.
The carrier may be, for example, a liquid carrier. Concrete examples of the liquid carrier encompass: water; monohydric alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, and isopropanol; polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and glycerin; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and diisobutyl ketone; ethers such as ethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, and dipropyl ether; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; esters such as ethyl acetate and dimethyl adipate; lactones such as γ-butyrolactone; amides such as dimethyl formamide, diethyl formamide, and dimethyl acetamide; nitriles such as acetonitrile; and plant oils such as soy bean oil, canola oil, cotton oil, and castor oil. Each of these liquid carriers can be used solely. Alternatively, two or more of these liquid carriers can be used in combination.
Further, various surfactants which are used in formulations may be used. Such a surfactant is not particularly limited in type. Examples of the surfactant encompass nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants. Among others, nonionic surfactants are preferable. Examples of the nonionic surfactants encompass: polyoxyalkylene nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene monoalkyl ether and polyoxyethylene monoaryl ether; higher fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols (e.g., sorbitan and sorbitol); and products each obtained by addition polymerization of an ethylene oxide with a higher fatty acid ester obtained by esterification of a polyhydric alcohol. Each of these nonionic surfactants can be used solely. Alternatively, two or more of these nonionic surfactants can be used in combination.
According to need, it is possible to use a solid carrier made of a clay mineral such as talc, or calcium carbonate; a stabilizing agent(s) for an active ingredient(s); a spreader or a sticker; and/or the like.
Further, the thrips control agent may further contain, as an active ingredient(s) other than PDJ, a repellent, an insecticide, a disinfectant, a plant growth regulator, and/or the like. The repellent (excluding PDJ) and the insecticide mentioned here may be those that target thrips or those that target an insect(s) other than thrips.
A preferred example of the thrips control agent is in a liquid formulation, and contains PDJ in an amount of not less than 1% by mass and not more than 10% by mass, preferably in an amount of not less than 2% by mass and not more than 8% by mass, and more preferably in an amount of not less than 3% by mass and not more than 7% by mass or not less than 4% by mass or not more than 6% by mass. This liquid formulation contains preferably water, more preferably water and a monohydric alcohol, and even more preferably water, a monohydric alcohol, and a surfactant. The monohydric alcohol is preferably ethanol, propanol, or isopropanol, and more preferably propanol. In a case where the liquid formulation contains water, a monohydric alcohol, and optionally, a surfactant, a weight ratio of the water, the monohydric alcohol, and that optional surfactant are not particularly limited. The weight ratio (water:monohydric alcohol:surfactant) is, for example, 1:0.1 to 2:0 to 2, 1:0.5 to 1.5:0.5 to 1.5, 1:0.7 to 1.3:0.7 to 1.3, or 1:0.8 to 1.2:0.8 to 1.2. The liquid formulation may be diluted with water or the like as needed so that a desired amount of the thrips control agent will be applied.
(Control of Thrips)
The “control of thrips” herein broadly means a state in which activities of thrips are suppressed in a case where a plant is treated with the thrips control agent, as compared to a case (control) where a plant is not treated with the thrips control agent. Suppression of activities of thrips may include, but is not limited to, for example, at least one of the following 1) to 6): 1) preventing thrips from coming flying to a target plant (prevention); 2) preventing thrips from staying in the target plant; 3) preventing spawning behavior of thrips at the target plant; 4) preventing insect damages caused by thrips on the target plant; 5) preventing virus infection mediated by thrips in the target plant; 6) preventing growth of larvae of thrips in the target plant; and the like. One effect of PDJ includes a thrips repelling effect.
Note that when a degree of “control of insect damage caused by thrips” is evaluated by using the above item 1) as an index, the number of thrips coming flying to the target plant is reduced, by application of the present invention, to preferably not more than 85%, more preferably not more than 80%, even more preferably not more than 60%, still even more preferably not more than 50%, and particularly preferably not more than 45% or not more than 40%, as compared to that of the control. Further, in an embodiment, preferably, the number is reduced to not more than 30%, not more than 20%, not more than 15%, not more than 10%, not more than 8%, not more than 5%, not more than 1%, or 0%, as compared to that of the control.
(Examples of Thrips)
Concrete examples of thrips which are control targets of the present invention encompass: thrips belonging to the family Thripidae (e.g., Thrips palmi, Frankliniella occidentalis, Thrips tabaci Lindeman, Thrips simplex, Scirtothrips dorsalis, and Frankliniella intonsa), and thrips belonging to the family Phlaeothripidae (e.g., Ponticulothrips diospyrosi, Haplothrips aculeatus, Liothrips floridensis, Liothrips wasabiae Haga et Okajima, Gynaikothrips ficorum, and Haplothrips niger).
(Target Plants)
Plants as targets for treatment with the thrips control agent (also referred to as “target plants”) are plants which suffer from damages caused by thrips. Typical examples of such a target plant encompass plants belonging to: the family Solanaceae (e.g., tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), eggplant (Solanum melongena), green pepper (bell pepper) (Capsicum annuum L. ‘grossum’), paprika (bell pepper) (Capsicum annuum L. ‘grossum’), chili pepper (Capsicum annuum), petunia (Petunia), American black nightshade (Solanum americanum), and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)); the family Fabaceae (e.g., common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), broad bean (Vicia faba), azuki bean (Vigna angularis), soybean (Glycine max), black-eyed pea (Vigna unguiculata), and pea (Pisum sativum L.)); the family Asteraceae (e.g., marigold (Tagetes), burdock (Arctium lappa L.), crown daisy (Glebionis coronaria), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium), gerbera (Gerbera), and cineraria (P.×hybrida)); the family Brassicaceae (e.g., napa (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis), cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), radish (Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus), (Turnip), Japanese mustard spinach (Brassica rapa var. perviridis), broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica), pak Choi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis), and stock (Matthiola)); the family Cucurbitaceae (e.g., cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), pumpkin (Cucurbita), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), melon (Cucumis melo.), gourd (Lagenaria siceraria var. gourda), loofah (Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem.), and zucchini (Cucurbita pepo var. melopepo)); and the family Rosaceae (e.g., rose (Rosa), strawberry (Fragaria×annassa), apple (Malus pumila), Japanese pear (Pyrus amygdaliformis), pear (Pyrus communis), peach (Amygdalus persica L.), and nectarine (Amygdalus persica var. nectarina)).
The target plant is preferably an agricultural or horticultural plant. The target plant is preferably a herbaceous plant, and more preferably an agricultural or horticultural herbaceous plant. The herbaceous plant encompasses an annual plant, a biennial plant, or a perennial plant. The target plant is preferably a plant that is currently growing (that is, a plant that is not a seed, a plant after harvesting, or the like), and more preferably a plant being cultivated. In some cases, the target plant is preferably a plant being cultivated in a closed space. The closed space is, for example, a space inside a greenhouse, a plant factory, or the like, whose inside environment is shielded from outside air and artificially controlled. The target plant is not particularly limited in growth stage. The target plant is preferably a seedling in a seedling-raising stage, and more preferably a seedling being raised in a closed space. Further, in an embodiment, the target plant may be in a growth stage in which a leaf has been developed. In an embodiment, the target plant is preferably a plant that is within 15 days, preferably within 10 days, more preferably within 7 days, and even more preferably within 4 days from the start of development of a new leaf (e.g., a seed leaf or a true leaf).
(Method of Using the Thrips Control Agent)
A method of treating a target plant with use of the thrips control agent is not particularly limited. The method may be, for example, a method according to which the thrips control agent is sprayed on the target plant, a method according to which the thrips control agent is applied to a root system of the target plant so that the thrips control agent is absorbed through the root system, or the like. In an embodiment, preferably, the thrips control agent is sprayed on a target plant.
The thrips control agent is not particularly limited in PDJ concentration. However, when the thrips control agent is used, it is preferable in some cases that the thrips control agent is diluted with a solvent such as water according to need so that the PDJ concentration will be a concentration in a range of, for example, 10 ppm to 500 ppm and preferably, approximately 20 ppm to 300 ppm. Further, in an embodiment, when the thrips control agent is sprayed on a target plant, an amount per unit area of PDJ sprayed is 5 g/10 a (ares) to 100 g/10 a (ares) and preferably 10 g/10 a (ares) 50 g/10 a (ares). Further, when the thrips control agent is sprayed on a target plant, it is preferable that (i) the thrips control agent is diluted with a solvent such as water according to need so that the PDJ concentration will be a concentration in a range of, for example 10 ppm to 500 ppm and preferably, approximately 20 ppm to 300 ppm and (ii) the amount per unit area of PDJ sprayed is 5 g/10 a (ares) to 100 g/10 a (ares) and preferably 10 g/10 a (ares) 50 g/10 a (ares).
The thrips control agent may be sprayed on a target plant by overall application or local application which targets a portion(s) of a plant body of a target plant (e.g., a leaf (leaves), a bud(s), a flower(s), or a stem(s) that are a portion (portions) where it is desired to avoid thrips damages).
Further, the number of times of treating the target plant with the thrips control agent is not particularly limited. The number of times of such treatment is approximately 1 time to 5 times, more preferably approximately 3 times to 5 times, and even more preferably approximately 4 times or 5 times, before harvesting of the target plant. In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of times of such treatment before obtainment of a favorable control effect is preferably not less than 4 times and more preferably not less than 5 times. In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of times of such treatment is preferably not more than 7 times and more preferably not more than 6 times, in view of economic efficiency. In a case where the target plant is treated a plurality of number of times, a time interval(s) of such treatment is not particularly limited. In an embodiment, the time intervals are preferably in a range of 4 days to 10 days and more preferably in a range of 5 days to 7 days. In an embodiment, preferably, the thrips control agent is sprayed on a target plant not less than 4 times at time intervals in a range of 5 days to 7 days. Note that in a case where the target plant is supplied to humans or animals for edible use, a predetermined time before harvesting the target plant can be set as a period in which the thrips control agent is not used or in which use of the thrips control agent is reduced.
Preferably, the target plant is treated with the thrips control agent before thrips come flying to the target plant. However, even in a case where the target plant is treated with the thrips control agent after thrips are confirmed to have come flying to the target plant, such treatment is still effective.
[2. Combined Use with Decoy Plant]
(Combined Use)
The thrips control agent may be used in combination with a plant which attracts thrips (hereinafter, which may be also referred to as “decoy plant”). The decoy plant is selected from plants attractive to thrips rather than plants to be treated with the thrips control agent. Examples of the decoy plant encompass: 1) a plant which is different in kind from the target plant and favored by thrips (referred to as “favorite plants of thrips”; and 2) a plant having an increased salicylic-acid-mediated protective response system (referred to as “increased-SA plant”). Kinds of the increased-SA plant are not particularly limited. The increased-SA plant may be a plant of a kind that is the same as or different from that of the above target plant.
Concrete examples of the favorite plants of thrips encompass Tagetes, Verbena, Trifolium, and Cucurbita pepo var. melopepo.
For example, having undergone a predetermined treatment, the increased-SA plant has an increased salicylic-acid-mediated protective response system as compared to an untreated state of the plant for the increased-SA plant. Alternatively, the increased-SA plant has a genetic mutation which increases a salicylic-acid-mediated protective response system. The above-described predetermined treatment for producing the increased-SA plant may be at least one selected from, for example, (i) a gene modification process (for producing a genetically modified plant) which causes overexpression of a factor related to a salicylic acid pathway in a plant body, (ii) treatment with a candidate agent, such as benzothiadiazole (BTH), for increasing a salicylic-acid-mediated protective response system, and (iii) inoculation of a plant virus. In a case where the inoculation of a plant virus is to be performed as the predetermined treatment, the plant virus may be preferably selected from plant viruses belonging to the genus Tospoviruses. Further, the plant virus may be a wild-type virus, but in view of maintaining a decoy plant for a longer period of time, the plant virus may be preferably an attenuated variant virus which is a variant virus whose virulence is decreased as compared to a wild-type virus. It is possible to refer to the disclosure of Japanese Patent Application Publication, Tokukai, No. 2012-180343 for production and use of the increased-SA plant.
(Thrips Control Kit)
A thrips control kit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes 1) the thrips control agent and 2) one of the above-described decoy plant which attracts thrips or the above-described plant virus. The thrips control kit is used for an application discussed in the column of (Combined use) above. The plant virus of the above element 2) is used for the purpose of producing a decoy plant by increasing a salicylic-acid-mediated protective response system in a plant.
The thrips control kit may further include, as needed, an instrument (e.g., a spray) for treating a plant with use of the thrips control agent of the above element 1) above and an instrument (e.g., an abrading agent, dry cotton, a stick with dry cotton) for producing a decoy plant by using the plant virus of the element 2) above. To the thrips control kit, a manual may be attached, which manual describes the application which was discussed in the column of (Combined use) above.
[3. Recap]
An embodiment of the present invention provides any of the followings:
1) A thrips control agent containing: prohydrojasmon as an active ingredient, the thrips control agent being used for a plant which belongs to family Brassicaceae, family Solanaceae, family Rosaceae, family Cucurbitaceae, family Fabaceae, or family Asteraceae.
2) The thrips control agent as set forth in 1), wherein: the plant is cabbage, cucumber, tomato, green pepper, strawberry, chrysanthemum, or crown daisy.
3) The thrips control agent as set forth in 1) or 2), wherein: the plant is a herbaceous plant.
4) The thrips control agent as set forth in any one of 1) to 3), wherein: the plant is a seedling of the plant.
5) The thrips control agent as set forth in any one of 1) to 4), wherein: the plant is being cultivated in a closed space.
6) A method of controlling thrips, including the step of: treating a plant with a thrips control agent recited in any one of 1) to 5), which plant is being cultivated and belongs to family Brassicaceae, family Solanaceae, family Rosaceae, family Cucurbitaceae, family Fabaceae, or family Asteraceae.
7) The method as set forth in 6), wherein: the plant is treated with the thrips control agent not less than 4 times at intervals of 5 days to 7 days in the step of treating the plant with the thrips control agent.
8) The method as set forth in 6) or 7), wherein: the plant is treated with the thrips control agent within 7 days from start of development of a new leaf, in the step of treating the plant with the thrips control agent.
9) The method as set forth in any one of 6) to 8), wherein: the treating includes spraying of the thrips control agent.
10) A thrips control kit including: a thrips control agent recited in any one of 1) to 5); and a plant virus or a decoy plant which attracts thrips.
The following will provide Examples to more specifically describe embodiments of the present invention. As a matter of course, the present invention is not limited to Examples provided below, but details of the present invention can be realized in various manners. Further, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and it may be varied in various ways within the scope of the appended Claims. Thus, an embodiment achieved by combining technical means varied appropriately within the scope of the appended claims will be included by the technical scope of the present invention. In addition, the contents of all the literatures referred herein are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
The following will discuss in detail embodiments of the present invention, with reference to a Reference Example and Examples.
In a greenhouse whose room temperature was kept within a range of 20° C. to 25° C., 15 stocks of nappa cabbage (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis) one week after seeding were separated into the following 5 groups: (i) a control group of 3 stocks, (ii) a group of 3 stocks to be treated with 10 μM (25 ppm) prohydrojasmon (PDJ), (iii) a group of 3 stocks to be treated with 100 μM (254 ppm) PDJ, (iv) a group of 3 stocks to be treated with 10 μM (22 ppm) methyl jasmonate (JA), and (v) a group of 3 stocks to be treated with 100 μM (224 ppm) JA. The stocks in each of the above groups subjected to treatment were given the PDJ solution or JA solution at the above-described concentration, and caused to absorb the PDJ solution or JA solution through roots of the stocks. The stocks in the control group were given only water and caused to absorb water through roots of the stocks. Two weeks after the above treatment, aerial parts of the stocks in each of the 5 groups were harvested, and fresh weights of the aerial parts were measured.
In a greenhouse whose room temperature was kept within a range of 20° C. to 25° C., two plant individuals of Arabidopsis thaliana three weeks after seeding, which were planted in different pots, respectively, were placed apart from each other such that a distance of approximately 30 cm was provided and kept between these plant individuals. Then, 100 μM PDJ solution was directly sprayed on one of the two plant individuals by use of a spraying device. On the other one of the two plant individuals, only water was sprayed similarly. This plant individual on which only water was sprayed was a control. Two days after the above treatment, 30 female adult thrips of Frankliniella occidentalis were released at a middle point between the two plant individuals. Twenty-four hours after that release of Frankliniella occidentalis, the number of thrips on each plant individual was counted so that which one of the plant individuals the thrips had moved to was found. With use of 100 μM JA solution, a similar experiment was carried out. Further, similar experiments with use of the 100 μM PDJ solution and the 100 μM JA solution were carried out on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) three weeks after seeding.
In a greenhouse whose room temperature was kept within a range of 20° C. to 25° C., with regard to each of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum (family Solanaceae)), green pepper (bell pepper) (Capsicum annuum L. ‘grossum’ (family Solanaceae)), cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata (family Brassicaceae)), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. (family Cucurbitaceae)), strawberry (Fragaria×annassa (family Rosaceae)) and chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium (family Asteraceae)), two plant individuals three weeks after seeding were placed apart from each other such that a distance of approximately 30 cm was provided and kept between these plant individuals. Then, 100 μM PDJ solution was sprayed on an entire aerial part of only one of the two plant individuals by use of a spraying device. On the other one of the two plant individuals, only water was sprayed by a similar method. This plant individual on which only water was sprayed was a control. Two days after the above spraying, 30 female adult thrips of Frankliniella occidentalis were released at a middle point between the two plant individuals. Twenty-four hours after that release of Frankliniella occidentalis, the number of thrips on each plant individual was counted so that which one of the plant individuals the thrips had moved to was found.
Further, the target plant was changed to crown daisy (Glebionis coronaria) of the family Asteraceae, and repellency against thrips was studied similarly. As a result, it was confirmed that repellency against thrips is given to crown daisy (Glebionis coronaria) of the family Asteraceae.
In a greenhouse whose room temperature was kept within a range of 20° C. to 25° C., with regard to each of green pepper (bell pepper) (Capsicum annuum L. ‘grossum’ (family Solanaceae)) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata (family Brassicaceae)), two plant individuals three weeks after seeding were placed apart from each other such that a distance of approximately 30 cm was provided and kept between these plant individuals. Then, 100 μM PDJ was sprayed on an entire aerial part of only one of the two plant individuals by use of a spraying device. On the other one of the two plant individuals, only water was sprayed by a similar method. This plant individual on which only water was sprayed was a control. Two days after the above spraying, 30 female adult thrips of Thrips tabaci Lindeman were released at a middle point between the two plant individuals. Twenty-four hours later, the number of Thrips tabaci Lindeman on each plant individual was counted so that which one of the plant individuals the thrips had moved to was found. As a result, with regard to the green pepper (bell pepper) (Capsicum annuum L. ‘grossum’), an attachment rate of Thrips tabaci Lindeman was approximately 40% relative to that of the control. Meanwhile, with regard to cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), an attachment rate of Thrips tabaci Lindeman was approximately 40% relative to that of the control.
In a greenhouse whose room temperature was kept within a range of 20° C. to 25° C., with regard to each of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum (family Solanaceae)), green pepper (bell pepper) (Capsicum annuum L. ‘grossum’ (family Solanaceae)), cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata (family Brassicaceae)), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. (family Cucurbitaceae)), strawberry (Fragaria×annassa (family Rosaceae)) and chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium (family Asteraceae)), two plant individuals three weeks after seeding were placed apart from each other such that a distance of approximately 30 cm was provided and kept between these plant individuals. Then, 100 μM PDJ solution was sprayed on an entire aerial part of only one of the two plant individuals by use of a spraying device. On the other one of the two plant individuals, only water was sprayed by a similar method. This plant individual on which only water was sprayed was a control. Two days after the above spraying, 30 female adult thrips of Frankliniella intonsa were released at a middle point between the two plant individuals. Twenty-four hours after that release of Frankliniella intonsa, the number of thrips on each plant individual was counted so that which one of the plant individuals the thrips had moved to was found.
In a greenhouse whose room temperature was kept within a range of 20° C. to 25° C., two plant individuals of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) (approximately 1.5 months after seeding), which had developed 3 to 4 true leaves, were placed apart from each other such that a distance of approximately 30 cm was provided and kept between these plant individuals. Then, 100 μM PDJ solution was directly prayed on an entire aerial part of only one of the two plant individuals by use of a spraying device. The above spraying was carried out 3 times, 4 times or 5 times at intervals of 5 to 7 days. On the other one of the two plant individuals, only water was sprayed by a similar method. This plant individual on which only water was sprayed was a control. Four days after the last spraying, 30 female adult thrips of Frankliniella occidentalis were released at a middle point between the two plant individuals. Forty days after that release of Frankliniella occidentalis, the number of thrips on the third and higher-order true leaves was counted.
In a greenhouse whose room temperature was kept within a range of 20° C. to 25° C., two plant individuals of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) (approximately 1.5 to 2 months after seeding), which had developed 4 true leaves, were placed apart from each other such that a distance of approximately 30 cm was provided and kept between these plant individuals. Then, 100 μM PDJ solution was sprayed on an entire aerial part of only one of the two plant individuals by use of a spraying device. On the other one of the two plant individuals, only water was sprayed by a similar method. This plant individual on which only water was sprayed was a control. The above spraying was carried out at time points 3 days, 7 days, 10 days and 15 days after the start of development of the fourth true leaf. Four days after the above spraying, 30 female adult thrips of Frankliniella occidentalis were released at a middle point between the two plant individuals. Six days after that release of Frankliniella occidentalis, the number of thrips on the fourth true leaf was counted.
In a greenhouse whose room temperature was kept in a range of 20° C. to 25° C., two plant individuals of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) (approximately 1 to 1.5 months after seeding), which had developed 3 true leaves, were placed apart from each other such that a distance of approximately cm was provided and kept between these plant individuals. Then, 100 μM PDJ solution was sprayed on an entire aerial part of only one of the two plant individuals by use of a spraying device. At this time point, the fourth true leaf was not yet developed. On the other one of the two plant individuals, only water was sprayed by a similar method. This plant individual on which only water was sprayed was a control. Four days after the above spraying, 30 female adult thrips of Frankliniella occidentalis were released at a middle point between the two plant individuals. Six days after that release of Frankliniella occidentalis, the number of thrips on the fourth true leaf was counted.
The present invention is applicable to control of thrips in agriculture.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-050279 | Mar 2016 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2017/009469 | 3/9/2017 | WO | 00 |
