Patent Grant
9618235
The present invention relates to an air conditioner capable of performing dehumidification operation.
There has been a conventional air conditioner in which: an auxiliary heat exchanger is disposed rearward of a main heat exchanger; and a refrigerant evaporates only in the auxiliary heat exchanger to locally perform dehumidification so that dehumidification can be performed even under a low load (even when the number of revolution of a compressor is small), for example, when the difference between room temperature and a set temperature is sufficiently small and therefore the required cooling capacity is small. In this air conditioner, an evaporation region is limited to be within the auxiliary heat exchanger, and a temperature sensor is disposed downstream of the evaporation region, to make control so that the superheat degree is constant.
However, air cooled by the auxiliary heat exchanger flows to an indoor fan without reheated, and this causes a problem that condensation occurs on the indoor fan.
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner capable of preventing condensation on the indoor fan.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, an air conditioner includes a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an indoor heat exchanger are connected to one another. The indoor heat exchanger includes an auxiliary heat exchanger which is disposed on a most windward side and to which a liquid refrigerant is supplied in a dehumidification operation, and a main heat exchanger disposed downstream of the auxiliary heat exchanger in the dehumidification operation; in the dehumidification operation, the auxiliary heat exchanger includes an evaporation region where the liquid refrigerant evaporates and a superheat region downstream of the evaporation region; and the refrigerant having flowed through the superheat region flows through a portion of the main heat exchanger which portion is leeward from the evaporation region.
In this air conditioner, air cooled in the evaporation region of the auxiliary heat exchanger is reheated with refrigerant gas fully heated in the superheat region, and therefore it is less likely that condensation occurs on the indoor fan.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the air conditioner of the first aspect of the present invention, a liquid inlet of the auxiliary heat exchanger is provided at a lower portion of the auxiliary heat exchanger.
In this air conditioner, the liquid refrigerant is supplied through the inlet at the lower portion of the auxiliary heat exchanger. Accordingly, among air passing through the auxiliary heat exchanger, cooled is a lower portion of the air. As a result, in blown out airflow, cold air is located higher while warm air is located lower. This decreases the possibility that cold air goes downward, to be less uncomfortable.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the air conditioner of the second aspect of the present invention, the refrigerant supplied to the liquid inlet of the auxiliary heat exchanger flows through the auxiliary heat exchanger toward an upper end of the auxiliary heat exchanger.
In this air conditioner, it is less likely that water collected by dehumidification re-evaporates on the way to flowing down to a drain pan even when cooled is only the air in the vicinity of the liquid inlet of the auxiliary heat exchanger. This increases dehumidification efficiency.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the air conditioner of any one of the first to third aspects, a refrigerant temperature detecting means for detecting a temperature of the refrigerant is provided at a position between the liquid inlet and an outlet of the auxiliary heat exchanger.
This air conditioner ensures that the superheat region is provided.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the air conditioner of any one of the first to fourth aspects, the main heat exchanger includes a front heat exchanger disposed on a front side in the indoor unit, and a rear heat exchanger disposed on a rear side in the indoor unit; and the auxiliary heat exchanger is disposed forward of the front heat exchanger.
In this air conditioner, the auxiliary heat exchanger is disposed forward of the front heat exchanger, and this allows the auxiliary heat exchanger to have a larger size, which ensures that the refrigerant is evaporated within the auxiliary heat exchanger, to reheat dehumidified cold air.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the air conditioner of the fifth aspect of the present invention, the auxiliary heat exchanger is disposed forward of the front heat exchanger, and includes a portion disposed rearward of the rear heat exchanger.
In this air conditioner, the superheat region is enlarged, and therefore air is heated with the fully heated refrigerant gas.
As described above, the present invention provides the following advantageous effects.
In the first aspect of the present invention, air cooled in the evaporation region of the auxiliary heat exchanger is reheated with refrigerant gas fully heated in the superheat region, and therefore it is less likely that condensation occurs on the indoor fan.
In the second aspect of the present invention, the liquid refrigerant is supplied through the inlet at the lower portion of the auxiliary heat exchanger. Accordingly, among air passing through the auxiliary heat exchanger, cooled is a lower portion of the air. As a result, in blown out airflow, cold air is located higher while warm air is located lower. This decreases the possibility that cold air goes downward, to be less uncomfortable.
In the third aspect of the present invention, it is less likely that water collected by dehumidification re-evaporates on the way to flowing down to a drain pan even when cooled is only the air in the vicinity of the liquid inlet of the auxiliary heat exchanger. This increases dehumidification efficiency.
In the fourth aspect of the present invention, the air conditioner ensures that the superheat region is provided.
In the fifth aspect of the present invention, the auxiliary heat exchanger is disposed forward of the front heat exchanger, and this allows the auxiliary heat exchanger to have a larger size, which ensures that the refrigerant is evaporated within the auxiliary heat exchanger, to reheat dehumidified cold air.
In the sixth aspect of the present invention, the superheat region is enlarged, and therefore air is heated with the fully heated refrigerant gas.
The following describes an air conditioner 1 of an embodiment of the present invention.
<Overall Structure of Air Conditioner 1>
As shown in
In the air conditioner 1, operations in a cooling operation mode, in a predetermined dehumidification operation mode, and in a heating operation mode are possible. Using a remote controller, various operations are possible: selecting one of the operation modes to start the operation, changing the operation mode, stopping the operation, and the like. Further, using the remote controller, it is possible to adjust indoor temperature setting, and to change the air volume of the indoor unit 2 by changing the number of revolutions of an indoor fan.
As indicated with solid arrows in the figure, in the cooling operation mode and in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode, there are respectively formed a cooling cycle and a dehumidification cycle, in each of which: a refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows, from the four-way valve 11, through the outdoor heat exchanger 12, the expansion valve 13, and the auxiliary heat exchanger 20, to the main heat exchanger 21 in order; and the refrigerant having passed through the main heat exchanger 21 returns back to the compressor 10 via the four-way valve 11. That is, the outdoor heat exchanger 12 functions as a condenser, and the indoor heat exchanger 14 (the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 and the main heat exchanger 21) functions as an evaporator.
Meanwhile, in the heating operation mode, the state of the four-way valve 11 is switched, to form a heating cycle in which: the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows, from the four-way valve 11, through the main heat exchanger 21, the auxiliary heat exchanger 20, and the expansion valve 13, to the outdoor heat exchanger 12 in order; and the refrigerant having passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 12 returns back to the compressor 10 via the four-way valve 11, as indicated with broken arrows in the figure. That is, the indoor heat exchanger 14 (the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 and the main heat exchanger 21) functions as the condenser, and the outdoor heat exchanger 12 functions as the evaporator.
The indoor unit 2 has, on its upper surface, an air inlet 2a through which indoor air is taken in. The indoor unit 2 further has, on a lower portion of its front surface, an air outlet 2b through which air for air conditioning comes out. Inside the indoor unit 2, an airflow path is formed from the air inlet 2a to the air outlet 2b. In the airflow path, the indoor heat exchanger 14 and a cross-flow indoor fan 16 are disposed. Therefore, as the indoor fan 16 rotates, the indoor air is taken into the indoor unit 1 through the air inlet 2a. In a front portion of the indoor unit 2, the air taken in through the air inlet 2a flows through the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 and the main heat exchanger 21 toward the indoor fan 16. Meanwhile, in a rear portion of the indoor unit 2, the air taken in through the air inlet 2a flows through the main heat exchanger 21 toward the indoor fan 16.
As described above, the indoor heat exchanger 14 includes: the auxiliary heat exchanger 20; and the main heat exchanger 21 located downstream of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 in an operation in the cooling operation mode or in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode. The main heat exchanger 21 includes: a front heat exchanger 21a disposed on a front side of the indoor unit 2; and a rear heat exchanger 21b disposed on a rear side of the indoor unit 2. The heat exchangers 21a and 21b are arranged in a shape of a counter-V around the indoor fan 16. Further, the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 is disposed forward of the front heat exchanger 21a. Each of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 and the main heat exchanger 21 (the front heat exchanger 21a and the rear heat exchanger 21b) includes heat exchanger pipes and a plurality of fins.
In the cooling operation mode and in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode, a liquid refrigerant is supplied through a liquid inlet 17a provided in the vicinity of a lower end of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20, and the thus supplied liquid refrigerant flows toward an upper end of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20, as shown in
When the air conditioner 1 operates in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode, the liquid refrigerant supplied through the liquid inlet 17a of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 all evaporates midway in the auxiliary heat exchanger 20, i.e., before reaching the outlet. Therefore, only a partial area in the vicinity of the liquid inlet 17a of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 is an evaporation region where the liquid refrigerant evaporates. Accordingly, in the operation in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode, only the upstream partial area in the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 is the evaporation region, while (i) the area downstream of the evaporation region in the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 and (ii) the main heat exchanger 21 each functions as a superheat region, in the indoor heat exchanger 14.
Further, the refrigerant having flowed through the superheat region in the vicinity of the upper end of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 flows through the lower portion of the front heat exchanger 21a disposed leeward from a lower portion of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20. Therefore, among the air taken in through the air inlet 2a, air having been cooled in the evaporation region of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 is heated by the front heat exchanger 21a, and then blown out from the air outlet 2b. Meanwhile, among the air taken in through the air inlet 2a, air having flowed through the superheat region of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 and through the front heat exchanger 21a, and air having flowed through the rear heat exchanger 21b are blown out from the air outlet 2b at a temperature substantially the same as an indoor temperature.
In the air conditioner 1, an evaporation temperature sensor 30 is attached to the outdoor unit 3, as shown in
As shown in
As shown in
Further, in the air conditioner 1, the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 includes the evaporation region where the liquid refrigerant evaporates and the superheat region downstream of the evaporation region in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode. The compressor 10 and the expansion valve 13 are controlled so that the extent of the evaporation region varies depending on a load. Here, “the extent varies depending on a load” means that the extent varies depending on the quantity of heat supplied to the evaporation region, and the quantity of heat is determined, for example, by the indoor temperature (the temperature of the intake air) and an indoor air volume. Further, the load corresponds to a required dehumidification capacity (required cooling capacity), and the load is determined taking into account, for example, the difference between the indoor temperature and the set temperature.
The compressor 10 is controlled based on the difference between the indoor temperature and the set temperature. When the difference between the indoor temperature and the set temperature is large, the load is high, and therefore the compressor 10 is controlled so that its frequency increases. When the difference between the indoor temperature and the set temperature is small, the load is low, and therefore the compressor 10 is controlled so that its frequency decreases.
The expansion valve 13 is controlled based on the evaporation temperature detected by the evaporation temperature sensor 30. While the frequency of the compressor 10 is controlled as described above, the expansion valve 13 is controlled so that the evaporation temperature falls within a predetermined temperature range (10 to 14 degrees Celsius) close to a target evaporation temperature (12 degrees Celsius). It is preferable that the predetermined evaporation temperature range is constant, irrespective of the frequency of the compressor 10. However, the predetermined range may be slightly changed with the change of the frequency as long as the predetermined range is substantially constant.
Thus, the compressor 10 and the expansion valve 13 are controlled depending on the load in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode, and thereby changing the extent of the evaporation region of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20, and causing the evaporation temperature to fall within the predetermined temperature range.
In the air conditioner 1, each of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 and the front heat exchanger 21a has twelve rows of the heat-transfer tubes. When the number of rows of the tubes functioning as the evaporation region in the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode is not less than a half of the total number of rows of the tubes of the front heat exchanger 21a, it is possible to sufficiently increase the extent of the evaporation region of the auxiliary heat exchanger, and therefore a variation in the load is addressed sufficiently. This structure is effective especially under a high load.
Now, description will be given for an example of the control made so that the extent of the evaporation region of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 varies. For example, when the load increases in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode on the condition that the extent of the evaporation region of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 is of a predetermined size, the frequency of the compressor 10 is increased and the opening degree of the expansion valve 13 is changed so as to increase. As a result, the extent of the evaporation region of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 becomes larger than that of the predetermined size, and this increases the volume of the air actually passing through the evaporation region even when the volume of the air taken into the indoor unit 2 is constant.
Meanwhile, when the load becomes lower in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode on the condition that the extent of the evaporation region of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 is of the predetermined size, the frequency of the compressor 10 is decreased and the opening degree of the expansion valve 13 is changed so as to decrease. Therefore, the extent of the evaporation region of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 becomes smaller than that of the predetermined size, and this decreases the volume of the air actually passing through the evaporation region even when the volume of the air taken into the indoor unit 2 is constant.
<Characteristics of the Air Conditioner of this Embodiment>
In the air conditioner 1 of this embodiment, the refrigerant having flowed through the superheat region of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 flows through a portion in the front heat exchanger 21a of the main heat exchanger 21 which portion is leeward from the evaporation region of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20. With this, the air cooled in the evaporation region of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 is reheated with refrigerant gas fully heated in the superheat region, and therefore it is less likely that condensation occurs on the indoor fan 16.
Further, in the air conditioner 1 of this embodiment, the liquid inlet of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 is provided at a lower portion of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20, and the liquid refrigerant is supplied through the inlet at the lower portion low of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20. Accordingly, among the air passing through the auxiliary heat exchanger, cooled is a lower portion of the air. As a result, in blown out airflow, cold air is located higher while warm air is located lower. This decreases the possibility that cold air goes downward, to be less uncomfortable.
Further, in the air conditioner 1 of this embodiment, the refrigerant supplied to the liquid inlet 17a of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 flows through the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 toward the upper end of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20. Therefore, it is less likely that water collected by dehumidification re-evaporates on the way to flowing down to the drain pan even though cooled is only the air in the vicinity of the liquid inlet of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20. This increases dehumidification efficiency.
Furthermore, in the air conditioner 1, the main heat exchanger 21 includes: the front heat exchanger 21a disposed on the front side in the indoor unit 2; and the rear heat exchanger 21b disposed on the rear side in the indoor unit 2, and the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 is disposed forward of the front heat exchanger 21a. This allows the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 to have a larger size, which ensures that the refrigerant is evaporated within the auxiliary heat exchanger 20, to reheat dehumidified cold air.
The following describes air conditioners of second and third embodiments of the present invention.
Each of the air conditioners of the second and third embodiments differs from the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment in that, the indoor heat exchanger further includes, in addition to the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 disposed forward of the front heat exchanger 21a, an auxiliary heat exchanger 120 disposed rearward of the rear heat exchanger 21b. The other features are the same as those of the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted.
In the indoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner of the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in
In the cooling operation mode and in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode, a liquid refrigerant is supplied through the liquid inlet 17a provided in the vicinity of the lower end of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20, and the thus supplied liquid refrigerant flows toward the upper end of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20. Then, the refrigerant is discharged through the outlet 17b provided in the vicinity of the upper end of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20, and is supplied to the auxiliary heat exchanger 120 through the inlet 117c. The refrigerant having flowed through the auxiliary heat exchanger 120 is discharged through an outlet 117b and flows to the branching section 18a. The refrigerant is divided at the branching section 18a into branches, which are respectively supplied, via the three inlets 17c of the main heat exchanger 21, to the lower portion and the upper portion of the front heat exchanger 21a and to the rear heat exchanger 21b. Then, the refrigerant branches are discharged through the outlets 17d, respectively, to merge together at the merging section 18b. In the heating operation mode, the refrigerant flows in the reverse direction of the above direction.
When the air conditioner operates in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode, the liquid refrigerant supplied through the liquid inlet 17a of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 all evaporates midway in the auxiliary heat exchanger 20, i.e., before reaching the outlet. Therefore, only a partial area in the vicinity of the liquid inlet 17a of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 is the evaporation region where the liquid refrigerant evaporates. Accordingly, in the operation in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode, only the upstream partial area in the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 is the evaporation region, while (i) the area downstream of the evaporation region in the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 and (ii) the main heat exchanger 21 each functions as a superheat region, in the indoor heat exchanger.
<Characteristics of the Air Conditioner of the Second Embodiment>
In the air conditioner of the second embodiment, there are provided advantageous effects similar to those of the air conditioner of the first embodiment. Further, the superheat region is enlarged, and therefore air is heated with the fully heated refrigerant gas.
In the indoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner of the third embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 disposed forward of the front heat exchanger 21a, the auxiliary heat exchanger 120 is disposed rearward of the rear heat exchanger 21b.
In the cooling operation mode and in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode, as shown in
When the air conditioner operates in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode, the liquid refrigerant supplied through the liquid inlet 17a of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 all evaporates midway in the auxiliary heat exchanger 20. Therefore, only a partial area in the vicinity of the liquid inlet 17a of the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 is the evaporation region where the liquid refrigerant evaporates. Accordingly, in the operation in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode, only the upstream partial area in the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 is the evaporation region, while (i) the area downstream of the evaporation region in the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 and (ii) the main heat exchanger 21 each functions as a superheat region, in the indoor heat exchanger.
<Characteristics of the Air Conditioner of the Third Embodiment>
In the air conditioner of the third embodiment, there are provided advantageous effects similar to those of the air conditioner of the first embodiment. Further, the superheat region is enlarged, and therefore air is heated with the fully heated refrigerant gas.
While the embodiment of the present invention has been described based on the figures, the scope of the invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description of the embodiment, and various changes and modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope of the invention.
In each of the above-described embodiments, a refrigerant temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant may be provided at a position between the liquid inlet 17a and the outlet 17b in the auxiliary heat exchanger 20, and/or at a position between the at least one inlet 117a and the corresponding outlet 117b in the auxiliary heat exchanger 120.
In each of the above-described embodiments, the auxiliary heat exchanger and the main heat exchanger may be formed into a single unit. In this case, the indoor heat exchanger is formed as a single unit, and a first portion corresponding to the auxiliary heat exchanger is provided on the most windward side of the indoor heat exchanger, while a second portion corresponding to the main heat exchanger is provided leeward from the first portion.
Further, the above-described embodiment deals with the air conditioner configured to operate in the cooling operation mode, in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode, and in the heating operation mode. However, the present invention may be applied to an air conditioner configured to conduct a dehumidification operation in a dehumidification operation mode other than the predetermined dehumidification operation mode, in addition to the dehumidification operation in the predetermined dehumidification operation mode.
With the use of the present invention, condensation on an indoor fan is prevented.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2012-093127 | Apr 2012 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2013/060349 | 4/4/2013 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013/157402 | 10/24/2013 | WO | A |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 09-014727 | Jan 1997 | JP |
| 09-152193 | Jun 1997 | JP |
| 10-176867 | Jun 1998 | JP |
| 2001-082761 | Mar 2001 | JP |
| 2001082755 | Mar 2001 | JP |
| 2001082761 | Mar 2001 | JP |
| 2002-340397 | Nov 2002 | JP |
| 2002-364873 | Dec 2002 | JP |
| 2003-232553 | Aug 2003 | JP |
| 3454697 | Oct 2003 | JP |
| 2008-190758 | Aug 2008 | JP |
| Entry |
|---|
| International Preliminary Report on Patentability of PCT/JP2013/060349 with English translation dated Oct. 21, 2014. |
| PCT/JP2013/060349 International Search Report Dated Jun. 18, 2013. |
| Extended European Search Report issued Feb. 4, 2016 in corresponding European Application No. 13778270.2. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20150068245 A1 | Mar 2015 | US |
