Patent Application
20130325191
This invention relates to air conditioning apparatuses, such as an outdoor unit and an indoor unit, that are able to communicate with each other, and an air conditioning system that includes an outdoor unit and at least one indoor unit.
A multi-type air conditioner (an air conditioning system) is disclosed in which one three-wire cable, that is a triplex cable, connects an outdoor unit to each of a plurality of indoor units (see, for example, Patent Literature 1). The triplex cable includes a power wire, a communication wire and a shared wire for power and communication (also collectively called indoor and outdoor wires). The outdoor unit and each of the indoor units transmit and receive a voltage signal based on the potential difference between the communication wire and the shared wire of the triplex cable to communicate with each other, and they receive AC power via the power wire and the shared wire to perform air conditioning.
This use of the triplex cable simplifies and avoids laying a dedicated communication wire separately.
In such a system using the triplex cable, a measure to prevent miswiring of the cable is essential. In the air conditioning system disclosed in the above Patent Literature 1, a communication circuit in the outdoor unit and each of the indoor units includes a high-voltage photo coupler. With the photo coupler, the communication circuit can be produced at low cost.
To this triplex cable 5 are connected, in parallel, an outdoor unit 30 and a plurality of indoor units 31.
To one of the indoor units 31 is connected a remote controller 32 via a remote control wire 13, which is a duplex cable. The remote control 32 is directly connected to only one of the indoor units for simplifying laying work. The remote controller 32 communicates with the indoor unit 31 via the duplex remote controller wire 13. The remote controller 32 may have a built-in DC power source for operation or may receive DC power from the indoor unit 31.
Due to configurational restriction of the communication circuit such as use of a high-voltage photo coupler, communication between the outdoor unit 30 and each of the indoor units 31 is performed, for example, according to the procedure illustrated in
More specifically, communication is always performed in the form of a response of the indoor unit 31 to a request from the outdoor unit 30, that is, in the form of polling from the outdoor unit 30. The outdoor unit 30 performs polling for each of the indoor units 31 in a predetermined order. This polling is repeated.
If the indoor units 31 communicate with each other, the outdoor unit 30 relays the communication. An indoor unit 31 transmits transmission data for another indoor unit 31 to the outdoor unit 30 in the form of a response to a request from the outdoor unit 30. The outdoor unit 30 transmits a request to the other indoor unit 31 that is the destination, the request including the transmission data included in the response.
In this way, in a conventional air conditioning system, communication between an outdoor unit and an indoor unit is performed by polling from the outdoor unit. Therefore, an indoor unit cannot transmit data to the outdoor unit before the indoor unit has a polling turn. Thus, it is difficult for an indoor unit to quickly notify the outdoor unit of, for example, a failure of the indoor unit, depending on timing.
Communication between indoor units and communication between a remote controller and an indoor unit are always performed via the outdoor unit, which at least doubles the communication volume and increases communication traffic, thereby increasing time until completion of communication.
In a conventional air conditioning system, such a background makes it difficult to realize cooperative control of a plurality of indoor units.
In addition, in the conventional air conditioning system, if a remote controller is used to operate an indoor unit that is not directly connected to the remote controller, the path for operation command data to be transmitted from the remote controller to the indoor unit is long, which takes time until the operation command has reached the indoor unit. Therefore, there is an inconvenience of a slow response speed of the system. For example, the indoor unit starts its operation in a few seconds after pressing a power button.
The present invention was made in view of the above circumstance, and has an objective to provide an air conditioning apparatus and an air conditioning system that still use one triplex cable to perform supply of AC power and data communication and also permit rapid communication between air conditioning apparatuses.
In order to achieve the above objective, an air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention is connected to a triplex cable that includes a power wire, a communication wire and a shared wire for power and communication, and includes a modulator, a demodulator, a connector and a controller. The modulator modulates a voltage signal corresponding to inputted transmission data and outputs the signal as a voltage signal between the communication wire and the shared wire for power and communication. The demodulator demodulates a voltage signal based on the potential difference between the communication wire and the shared wire for power and communication and outputs the signal as a demodulated signal. The connector comprises a high-voltage capacitor and connects the communication wire and the shared wire for power and communication to the modulator and the demodulator via the high-voltage capacitor that withstands voltages up to a predetermined level. The controller receives, as incoming data, serial data corresponding to a voltage signal demodulated in the demodulator if the serial data includes an address of the air conditioning apparatus, monitors a demodulated signal outputted from the demodulator; and outputs the transmission data that includes a destination address to the modulator if the controller determines that no signal is being transmitted through the communication wire.
In the present invention, the connector connects the modulator and demodulator to the communication wire and shared wire for power and communication via a high-voltage capacitor. This prevents the failure of the apparatus due to miswiring of the triplex cable.
Further, the controller monitors a signal demodulated in the demodulator, transmits transmission data that includes a destination address via the communication wire or the like while a signal is not being transmitted through the communication wire, and receives incoming data corresponding a signal transmitted through the communication wire if the incoming data includes the address of an apparatus to which the controller belongs. This permits one-on-one communication between air conditioning apparatuses without a relay unit. As a result, in a connection configuration in which supply of AC power and data communication are performed with the use of one triplex cable, fast communication can be performed.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to drawings.
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described.
The triplex cable 5 includes a power wire 2, a communication wire 3 and a shared wire 4. The power wire 2 and shared wire 4 are connected to the AC power source 1. The AC power source 1 is, for example, a commercial power source of 200 V.
The air conditioning apparatus (outdoor unit) 10 and air conditioning apparatuses (indoor units) 11 are connected to the power wire 2, communication wire 3 and shared wire 4 that are included in the triplex cable 5. This use of the triplex cable 5 simplifies laying work of the cable in installation.
A plurality of air conditioning apparatuses (indoor units) 11 are connected to the triplex cable 5. The remote controller 12 is connected via a duplex remote controller wire 13 to any one of the air conditioning apparatuses (indoor units) 11.
The air conditioner 20 is connected to the power wire 2 and shared wire 4. To the air conditioner 20 power is supplied from the AC power source 1 via the power wire 2 and shared wire 4. The air conditioner 20 is operated by the supplied power to perform air conditioning such as refrigerant circulation under control of the controller 25.
The modulator 21 modulates a voltage signal corresponding to serial transmission data inputted from the controller 25 in a modulated-carrier system to generate a modulated signal. The modulator 21 outputs the generated modulated signal as a voltage signal between the communication wire 3 and the shared wire 4 via the connector 24.
The demodulator 22 demodulates a voltage signal based on the potential difference between the communication wire 3 and the shared wire 4 in a modulated-carrier system to generate a demodulated signal. The demodulator 22 outputs the generated demodulated signal to the controller 25.
The filter 23 is a high-pass filter that allows only components in a frequency band near a carrier pass through and blocks low-pass power line harmonics and/or the like, of components of the voltage signal that is based on the potential difference between the communication wire 3 and the shared wire 4 and is inputted via the connector 24. Alternatively, the filter 23 may be a band-pass filter.
However, modulation is not limited to the ASK system, for FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) modulation system or PSK (Phase-Shift Keying) modulation system may be employed. Employment of the ASK system simplifies the circuit configuration of the modulator 21, reducing the cost of the modulator. Meanwhile, employment of the PSK system improves noise resistance. Various digital modulation systems can be also employed.
As illustrated in
In the air conditioning system 100 according to the present embodiment, as described above, power supply to the air conditioning apparatus (outdoor unit) 10 and each of the air conditioning apparatuses (indoor units) 11 as well as communication between the apparatuses are performed with the use of the triplex cable 5. The triplex cable 5 has a cable characteristic of a large line capacity. Therefore, both of the power wire 2 and the communication wire 3 easily generate noise (power line harmonics and harmonics of a communication signal).
If a baseband system is employed as a modulation system for the communication signal in the triplex cable 5, the communication signal itself has a lot of harmonics. As a result, noise emitted from the communication wire 3 is superimposed on AC voltage that flows through the power wire 2. Therefore, if the baseband system is employed as the modulation system, it is difficult to achieve a higher communication speed.
Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, a modulated-carrier system is employed as a modulation system. Employment of the modulated-carrier system lowers frequency components included in the communication signal that is transmitted through the communication wire 3, thereby reducing noise components that enter into the power wire 2.
Since harmonics of a communication signal are less superimposed on the power wire 2 in this way, design of circuits of the air conditioning apparatus (outdoor unit) 10 and air conditioning apparatus (indoor unit) 11 is easier, and communication is performed in a higher communication speed.
Moreover, in the present embodiment, the modulator 21 modulates a voltage signal and demodulator 22 demodulates a voltage signal with a higher frequency than that of harmonics of AC voltage of the AC power source 1 that is supplied via the power wire 2 and shared wire 4. This enables the filter 23 and connector 24 to remove noise components due to harmonic components of AC voltage, thereby achieving a high-quality demodulation.
Returning to
The capacitors 40, 41 are high-voltage capacitors that are able to withstand voltages up to 250 V, for example. The transformer 42 is also a high-voltage transformer that is able to withstand voltages up to 250 V, for example. A voltage of 250 V exceeds the maximum voltage of a common commercial AC power source. The voltage capacity of the capacitors 40, 41 and transformer 42 is not limited to 250 V, but it is sufficient that the capacitors 40, 41 and transformer 42 be able to receive the maximum voltage of the AC power source 1.
The capacitor 40 is disposed between the communication wire 3 and the modulator 21, filter 23 and demodulator 24. The capacitor 41 is disposed between the shared wire 4 and a grounding wire (ground). In the present embodiment, the capacitors 40, 41 make a capacitor connection.
Further, between the capacitors 40, 41 and the modulator 21 and demodulator 22 is disposed the transformer 42. One coil of the transformer 42 connects one end of the capacitor 40 and one end of the capacitor 41. The other coil of the transformer 42 connects the modulator 21 and demodulator 22 to the grounding wire.
Since the capacitors 40, 41 and transformer 42 are provided, the connector 24 is able to block AC voltage that enters through the shared wire 4 from that of the AC power source 1, and to allow only carrier components passing through. In addition, even if wires in the triplex cable 5 are wrongly wired or connected (for example, if the power wire 2 and communication wire 3 are mixed up and wrongly wired and connected), a circuit failure of the air conditioning apparatus (outdoor unit) 10 can be prevented.
Alternatively, the connector 24 may have a circuit configuration as illustrated in
Returning to
The controller 25 outputs to the modulator 21 a voltage signal corresponding to transmission data to be transmitted. The controller 25 also inputs incoming data corresponding to a voltage signal outputted from the demodulator 22.
In order to prevent collision of data communication on the communication wire 4, the controller 25 performs data communication in CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access) system. The CSMA system is the system in which transmission is started after it is determined that there is no carrier indicating that transmission is being performed within the communication system (hereinafter referred to as carrier sense).
A unique address is assigned to each of the air conditioning apparatus (outdoor unit) 10 and air conditioning apparatuses (indoor units) 11 in a communication network composed of the communication wire 3 and shared wire 4. Transmission data transmitted from the controller 25 includes a destination address data at a predetermined position. This enables the controller 25 at the receiver's side to refer to address data included in incoming data after demodulation to determine whether the received incoming data's destination is an apparatus to which the controller 25 belongs. If the destination is for the apparatus, the controller 25 at the receiver's side finally receives the incoming data.
The controller 25 also monitors a demodulated signal outputted from the demodulator to determine whether a signal is being transmitted through the communication wire 3. If no signal has been transmitted for a predetermined period (for example, several tens of μ seconds), transmission data including a destination address is outputted to the modulator 21.
This employment of the CSMA system reduces the amount of traffic in communication and shortens response time in the whole system.
The configuration of the air conditioning apparatus (indoor unit) 11 is the same as the circuit configuration of the air conditioning apparatus (outdoor unit) 10 in
The remote controller 12 is connected to one of the indoor units 31 via the remote controller wire 13 that is a duplex cable. The remote controller 12 is directly connected to only one of the air conditioning apparatuses (indoor units) 11 for simplifying laying work. The remote controller 12 communicates with the air conditioning apparatus (indoor unit) 11 via the duplex remote controller wire 13. The remote controller 12 may have a built-in DC power source for operation or receive DC power from the air conditioning apparatus (indoor unit) 11.
The air conditioning apparatus (outdoor unit) 10 and each of the air conditioning apparatuses (indoor units) 11 have the above configuration, use power supplied from the power wire 2 or the like to make the air conditioner 20 perform air conditioning, and have one-on-one communication with another air conditioning apparatus under control of the controller 25.
Next, operation of the air conditioning system 100 according to the present embodiment will be described.
The modulator 21 modulates the voltage signal in a modulated-carrier system (for example, ASK system). The modulated signal passes through a transformer 42 and capacitors 40, 41 of a connector 24 (the carrier frequency is sufficiently high), and is outputted to the communication wire 3 and a shared wire 4. While this signal is transmitted through the communication wire 3 and shared wire 4, noise (for example, noise that includes power line harmonics or the like from the power wire 2) is superimposed on the signal.
This signal is transmitted to another air conditioning apparatus (indoor unit) 11. A connector 24 of the other air conditioning apparatus (indoor unit) 11 outputs the transmitted signal to a filter 23. At this time, noise of power line harmonics (for example, noise around 50 Hz) is blocked by the connector 24, and only carrier components pass through the connector 24.
The filter 23 removes noise components due to power line harmonics from the inputted signal and outputs the resulting signal to a demodulator 22. The demodulator 22 demodulates the inputted signal and outputs the demodulated signal to a controller 25. Since the signal inputted to the demodulator 22 is a signal with a frequency band near a carrier, the demodulator 22 is able to demodulate a signal with a high quality.
The controller 25 determines whether serial data corresponding to the demodulated signal has the address of an apparatus to which the controller 25 belongs. If the demodulated signal has the address, the controller 25 receives the serial data as incoming data. This completes one-on-one communication between the apparatuses without a relay device.
As has been described in detail, in the present embodiment, the connector 24 uses the high-voltage capacitors 40, 41 and transformer 42 to connect the modulator 21 and demodulator 22 to the communication wire 3 and shared wire 4. This prevents a failure of the apparatus due to miswiring of the triplex cable 5.
Further, the controller 25 monitors a demodulated signal from the demodulator 22 to prevent collision of data communication on the communication wire 3, and while no signal is transmitted through the communication wire 3, transmission data is transmitted through the communication wire or the like. Further, the controller 25 receives incoming data if the address included in the incoming data corresponding to a signal transmitted through the communication wire 3 is the address of the apparatus to which the controller 25 belongs. This permits one-on-one communication between air conditioning apparatuses without a relay device. As a result, both of the supply of AC power and data communication can be achieved using the one triplex cable 5, and fast communication between the apparatuses can be also achieved.
In the present embodiment, the remote controller 12 is connected to an air conditioning apparatus (indoor unit) 11. Alternatively, like the air conditioning apparatus (outdoor unit) 10 and air conditioning apparatuses (indoor units) 11, the remote controller 12 itself may include the modulator 21, demodulator 22, filter 23, connector 24 and controller 25 and be directly connected to the triplex cable 5. In this case, the remote controller 12 requires therein a conversion circuit that converts AC voltage outputted from the AC power source 1 to a low DC power supply voltage to be used in the remote controller 12 and reduces voltage.
The present embodiment permits a direct communication between a plurality of air conditioning apparatuses without a bridge or a hub.
Next, Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described.
In the present embodiment, the remote controller 12 is connected to the remote controller wire connector 15 via the remote controller wire 13, instead of an air conditioning apparatus (indoor unit) 11.
More specifically, as illustrated in
As illustrated in
This remote controller wire connector 15 prevents a circuit failure in the remote controller 12 even if the triplex cable 5 is wrongly wired. The capacitors 40, 41 and transformer 42 also function as insulators that insulate the remote controller 12 from the AC power source 1 to prevent high current from flowing into the remote controller 12.
The DC power source 16 supplies DC power to the remote controller 12 via the remote controller wire 13. That is, to the remote controller 12 is supplied DC power via the remote controller wire 13. This insulation between the remote controller 12 and the AC power source 1 ensures security for a person who operates the remote controller 12.
The modulator 51 modulates a voltage signal corresponding to transmission data inputted from the controller 55 and outputs the signal as a voltage signal between the communication wire 3 and the shared wire 4. The outputted voltage signal is outputted via the remote controller wire connector 15 to the communication wire 3 and shared wire 4.
The demodulator 52 demodulates a voltage signal based on the potential difference between the communication wire 3 and the shared wire 4, and outputs the signal to the controller 55. The filter 53 extracts only a component of a frequency band near a carrier from a signal outputted from the remote controller wire connector 15, and outputs a signal corresponding to the component to the demodulator 52.
The controller 55 includes a CPU and a memory (both are not illustrated). The controller 55 integrally controls the entire remote controller 12 by the CPU's executing a program stored in the memory. The operator 56 includes an operation panel or the like to receive an operation input from the user and outputs a signal corresponding to the operation input to the controller 55. The display 57 displays an image corresponding to a result of processing performed by the controller 55.
The controller 55 employs a modulated-carrier system as a modulation system to be used for communication. That is, like the controller 25 in Embodiment 1, the controller 55 receives, as incoming data, serial data corresponding to a voltage signal demodulated in the demodulator 51 if the serial data includes the address of an apparatus to which the controller 55 belongs, and outputs transmission data that includes a destination address to the modulator 51 while the voltage between the communication wire 3 and the shared wire 4 is not changing.
Comparison of
The remote controller 12 is connected to the communication wire 3 and shared wire 4 via the remote controller wire connector 15. In the present embodiment, the remote controller 12 is also able to perform one-on-one data exchange with the air conditioning apparatus (outdoor unit) 10 and air conditioning apparatus (indoor unit) 11. The remote controller 12 uses this data exchange to remotely control the air conditioning apparatus (outdoor unit) 10 and air conditioning apparatus (indoor unit) 11.
As has been described in detail, in the present embodiment, the remote controller 12 is directly able to communicate with the air conditioning apparatus (outdoor unit) 10 and air conditioning apparatus (indoor unit) 11, thereby reducing time to be required for communication, minimizing communication delay and speeding up the response to an operation input.
In the present embodiment, a modulation system in the remote controller 12 is a modulated-carrier system. The capacitors 40, 41 block power supply voltage and/or the like and make only a modulated signal pass through. This enables the remote controller wire connector 15 to have a high insulation.
The remote controller wire connector 15 is able to connect, in parallel, a plurality of remote controllers 12. Therefore, the production cost is lower than the case in which each of the remote controllers 12 has an insulation characteristic.
The remote controller 12 may receive power from the AC power source 1, but may reduce power consumption. Cost is further reduced where a power supply circuit is provided that is able to receive DC power obtained by superimposing a small amount of DC power supplied from the DC power source 16 on the remote controller wire 13 than where a power supply circuit is provided that generates power for the remote controller 12 from a large amount of power supplied from the AC power source 1.
The remote controller wire connector 15 may be disposed within the air conditioning apparatus (outdoor unit) 10 and air conditioning apparatus (indoor unit) 11. Alternatively, the remote controller wire connector 15 may be built in the remote controller 12.
Next, Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described.
The present embodiment is suitable in the case where a modulation system for the remote controller wire 13 of the remote controller 12 and a modulation system for the communication wire 4 or the like are different. The air conditioning system 100 according to the present embodiment is different from the air conditioning system 100 according to Embodiment 2 in a configuration of the remote controller wire connector 15.
The connector 60 has the same circuit configuration as that of the remote controller wire connector 15 according to Embodiment 2. The connector 60 has a high insulation against the AC power source 1, and the withstand voltage of the connector 60 is set to be extremely high so as to withstand at least a maximum voltage of the AC power source 1.
A demodulator 61, as a first demodulator, demodulates a modulated signal that is a voltage signal based on the potential difference between the communication wire 3 and the shared wire 4 in a modulation and demodulation system (a first demodulation system) for a signal that is transmitted through the communication wire 3. A demodulator 62, as a second demodulator, demodulates a modulated signal outputted from the remote controller 12 in a modulation and demodulation system (a second demodulation system) for a signal that is transmitted through the remote controller wire 13.
A modulator 63, as a first modulator, modulates the voltage signal demodulated by the demodulator 61 in a second modulation and demodulation system and outputs the modulated signal to the remote controller 12. A modulator 64, as a second modulator, modulates the signal demodulated in the demodulator 62 in the first modulation system and outputs the modulated signal to the communication wire 3 and shared wire 4.
The modem controller 65 controls the demodulators 61, 62 and modulators 63, 64 so as to stop output of a modulated signal from the modulator 63 while the demodulator 62 is demodulating a modulated signal and so as to stop output of a modulated signal from the modulator 64 while the demodulator 61 is demodulating a modulated signal.
In this way, the modem controller 65, while modulation or demodulation of either one is performed, stops modulation or demodulation of the other. This prevents collision of transmission data and incoming data in the communication wire 3 and remote controller wire 13, and also avoids a signal loop.
In the present embodiment, the modem controller 65 controls the modulators 63, 64, taking the state of demodulation by the demodulators 61, 62 into consideration. Alternatively, the modem controller 65 may control the demodulators 61, 62, taking the state of modulation by the modulators 63, 64 into consideration.
Various embodiments and modifications are available to the present invention without departing from the broad sense of spirit and scope of the present invention. The above-described embodiments are given for explaining the present invention and do not confine the scope of the present invention. In other words, the scope of the present invention is set forth by the scope of claims, not by the embodiments. Various modifications made within the scope of claims and scope of significance of the invention equivalent thereto are considered to fall under the scope of the present invention.
The present invention is preferable for an air conditioning system that includes an outdoor unit and an indoor unit.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2011/053657 | 2/21/2011 | WO | 00 | 8/14/2013 |
