Aircraft interior trim panel, and aircraft fitted with such panels

Abstract

A trim panel for the interior of an aircraft, the panel having a multilayer structure and including an outer layer made of material impervious to air, and which is positioned in use facing the fuselage of the aircraft; an inner layer made of trim material, and which in use defines the interior; a structural layer interposed between the inner and outer layer; and acoustic energy dissipating material, also interposed between the inner and outer layer; the inner layer being made of porous material allowing airflow towards the acoustic energy dissipating material.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a U.S. National Phase of International Patent Application PCT/IB2012/055523, filed Oct. 11, 2012, which claims priority to European Patent Application No. 11425314.9, filed Dec. 30, 2011, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to an aircraft interior trim panel, and more specifically to a sound-absorbing trim panel for reducing the noise level inside the aircraft.

The present invention may be used to advantage, though not exclusively, in aircraft capable of hovering, such as helicopters—to which the following description refers purely by way of a non-limiting example—or convertiplanes.

The present invention also relates to an aircraft fitted with such interior trim panels.

BACKGROUND ART

As is known, in the aircraft industry, reducing the noise level inside the cabin is now a major design issue.

Outside noise normally comes from the engines, the moving parts associated with the component parts of the aircraft, and from airflow over the airframe, and propagates from the fuselage to the interior of the aircraft mainly along air and structural paths, i.e. through structural connecting points between the fuselage and the inner fuselage panels.

Most aircraft, and particularly helicopters, are built about a supporting frame. More specifically, an outer covering is applied to the frame; thermal and acoustic insulating material is applied between the frame and the cabin; and the frame and insulating material are covered with trim panels on the side facing inwards of the cabin.

Soundproofing inside the cabin thus depends on the trim panels, the type of acoustic insulating material used, and the cabin furnishings (seats, carpeting, etc.).

Number 1 in the exploded cross section in FIG. 1 indicates as a whole one example of a known trim panel, which has a multilayer structure and substantially comprises:

• • an outer layer 2 positioned in use facing the fuselage and made of composite material of carbon or glass fibres impregnated with epoxy resin;
  • a honeycomb structural layer 3 positioned contacting layer 2 and made of composite material containing, for example, metha-aramide (trade name) NOMEX®) fibres;
  • an intermediate layer 4 with the same composition as layer 2 and positioned contacting layer 3, on the opposite side to layer 2;
  • a trim layer 5 defining the side of panel 1 facing inwards of the cabin and typically made of leather; and
  • a layer 6 of porous, acoustic energy dissipating material, typically closed-call, soft-touch foam, interposed between layers 4 and 5.

Known panels with the above structure have the drawback of fully reflecting soundwaves on both sides, i.e. also on the side facing inwards of the cabin, which is normally impervious to air, so that any acoustic energy propagating inside the cabin cannot be dissipated.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple, low-cost aircraft interior trim panel designed to eliminate the above drawback of known panels.

According to the present invention, there is provided a trim panel for the interior of an aircraft, as claimed in claim 1.

The present invention also relates to an aircraft having an interior defined by trim panels as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A preferred, non-limiting embodiment of the present invention will be described by way of example with reference to the attached drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a known aircraft interior trim panel;

FIG. 2 shows an exploded cross section of an aircraft interior trim panel in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows a view in perspective of a helicopter cabin fitted with trim panels as shown in FIG. 2.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Number 10 in FIG. 2 indicates as a whole an aircraft interior trim panel in accordance with the present invention and, in the example shown, for the cabin 11 (FIG. 3) of a helicopter E.

Panel 10 has multilayer structure, and substantially comprises an outer layer 12 made of material impervious to air, and which is positioned in use facing the fuselage of the helicopter; an inner layer 13 made of trim material and defining in use the interior of cabin 11; and a honeycomb structural layer 14 interposed between outer layer 12 and inner layer 13 and comprising a number of adjacent cells 15 defining respective air passages 16.

Panel 10 also comprises a layer 17 made of acoustic energy dissipating material and interposed between structural layer 14 and inner layer 13; and a further layer 18 interposed between layers 14 and 17.

In the example shown, outer layer 12 is made of composite material of carbon or glass fibres impregnated with epoxy resin, and is identical to layer 2 of the known panel 1 in FIG. 1, except that it has a larger number of composite material layers for better airflow insulation.

Inner layer 13 is made of porous material allowing airflow inwards of panel 10, such as, for example, perforated or porous leather, or porous fabrics.

Advantageously, cells 15 of structural layer 14 are only partly filled with acoustic energy dissipating material 21, such as foam; in this way, as shown in FIG. 2, an air gap is provided in each cell 15 of layer 14 between the acoustic energy dissipating material 21 and layers 17 and 18.

Preferably, the acoustic energy dissipating material 21 fills each cell 15 two thirds full.

Layer 14 may be made of the same material as structural layer 3 of the known panel 1 in FIG. 1, i.e. a composite material of metha-aramide (trade name NOMEX®) fibres.

Layer 18 is preferably made of the same material as outer layer 12, but with through openings 20, and may, for example, be in the form of a grid.

In the example shown, layer 17 is made of open-cell foam.

Panel 10 is formed by placing layers 12, 1314, 17 and 18 one on top of another as shown in FIG. 2, and vacuum compacting the resulting assembly in an autoclave. The resin thus acts as adhesive to bond layers 12, 13, 14, 17, 18 together.

The advantages of panel 10 according to the teachings of the present invention will be clear from the above description.

In particular, layers 13, 17, 18 and 14 allow soundwaves from inside cabin 11 to propagate freely through panel 10, thus dissipating the acoustic energy associated with them and greatly improving the capacity of panel 10 to absorb noise from inside cabin 11.

Moreover, the improvement in the noise-absorbing capacity of panel 10 is achieved with no increase in the thickness of panel 10 with respect to known panels, of which panel 1 in FIG. 1 is a typical example.

The applicant has experimentally noted that the air gap provided in each cell 15 of layer 14 between the acoustic energy dissipating material 21 and layers 17 and 18 allows to noticeably increase the damping and sound-adsorbent effects with respect to the known solutions.

Clearly, changes may be made to panel 10 as described and illustrated herein without, however, departing from the protective scope of the accompanying Claims.

Claims

1. A trim panel (10) for the interior (11) of an aircraft (E), the panel having a multilayer structure and comprising: an outer layer (12) made of material impervious to air, and which is positioned in use facing the fuselage of said aircraft (E);an inner layer (13) made of trim material, and which in use defines said interior (11);a structural layer (14) interposed between said inner and outer layer (13, 12) and comprising a number of adjacent cells (15) defining respective air passages (16); andacoustic energy dissipating material (17, 21), also interposed between said inner (13) and outer (12) layer;said inner layer (13) being made of porous material allowing airflow towards said acoustic energy dissipating material (17, 21);characterized in that said cells (15) are partly filled with said acoustic energy dissipating material (21), wherein said acoustic energy dissipating material forms a further layer (17) interposed between said structural layer (14) and said inner layer (13), wherein an air gap is provided in each of said cells (15) of said structural layer (14) between said further layer (17) and said acoustic energy dissipating material (21) located in said cells (15), and wherein said panel comprises, between said structural layer (14) and said further layer (17), an intermediate layer (18), which is made of the same material as said outer layer (12) and is in the form of a grille with through openings (20), wherein said acoustic energy dissipating material (17, 21) is foam.

2. A panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein said acoustic energy dissipating material (21) fills each of said cells (15) two thirds full.

3. A panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein said further layer (17) is made of open-cell foam.

4. An aircraft comprising: an interior (11) defined by at least one trim panel (10), wherein the trim panel has a multilayer structure comprising:an outer layer (12) made of material impervious to air, and which is positioned in use facing the fuselage of said aircraft (E);an inner layer (13) made of trim material, and which in use defines said interior (11);a structural layer (14) interposed between said inner and outer layer (13, 12) and comprising a number of adjacent cells (15) defining respective air passages (16); andacoustic energy dissipating material (17, 21), also interposed between said inner (13) and outer (12) layer;said inner layer (13) being made of porous material allowing airflow towards said acoustic energy dissipating material (17, 21);characterized in that said cells (15) are partly filled with said acoustic energy dissipating material (21), wherein said acoustic energy dissipating material forms a further layer (17) interposed between said structural layer (14) and said inner layer (13), wherein an air gap is provided in each of said cells (15) of said structural layer (14) between said further layer (17) and said acoustic energy dissipating material (21) located in said cells (15), and wherein said panel comprises, between said structural layer (14) and said further layer (17), an intermediate layer (18), which is made of the same material as said outer layer (12) and is in the form of a grille with through openings (20), wherein said acoustic energy dissipating material (17, 21) is foam.