Claims
- 1. A process of alkylating an aromatic compound to a mixture of substituted aromatic compounds enriched in the linear alkylated isomers comprising contacting an aromatic compound with an alkylating agent having from one to eight carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst under conditions such that a mixture of substituted aromatic compounds enriched in the linear alkylated isomers is formed, said catalyst consisting essentially of an acidic mordenite zeolite having a silica/alumina molar ratio of at least 15:1 and a crystalline structure which is determined by X-ray diffraction to possess a Symmetry Index sufficient to increase the yield of linear alkylated isomers to at least about 20 mole percent.
- 2. The process of claim 1 wherein the aromatic compound is monocyclic.
- 3. The process of claim 2 wherein the aromatic compound is represented by the formula: ##STR3## wherein Z is hydrogen, sulfhydryl, alkyl of C.sub.1-10 carbon atoms, aliphatic alkoxy or thioalkoxy of C.sub.1-10 carbon atoms, fluoro, chloro, or bromo.
- 4. The process of claim 3 wherein the aromatic compound is selected from the group consisting of benzene and cumene.
- 5. The process of claim 2 wherein the Symmetry Index is at least about 1.5.
- 6. The process of claim 1 wherein the aromatic compound is a C.sub.10 -C.sub.24 fused or non-fused polycyclic aromatic compound.
- 7. The process of claim 6 wherein the non-fused polycyclic aromatic compound is represented by the formula: ##STR4## wherein n is a positive number from 1 to 3; Y is hydrogen, hydroxyl, sulfhydryl, alkyl of C.sub.1-10 carbon atoms, aliphatic alkoxy or thioalkoxy of C.sub.1-10 carbon atoms, fluoro, chloro, or bromo: and X is absent or is O, S, SO, SO.sub.2, CH.sub.2, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 or CHCH.sub.3.
- 8. The process of claim 7 wherein the polycyclic aromatic compound is biphenyl, naphthalene, or diphenyl ether.
- 9. The process of claim 8 wherein the polycyclic aromatic compound is biphenyl.
- 10. The process of claim 8 wherein the polycyclic aromatic compound is diphenylether.
- 11. The process of claim 6 wherein the Symmetry Index is at least about 1.0.
- 12. The process of claim 1 wherein the alkylating agent is a monoolefin, a diolefin, or an alcohol.
- 13. The process of claim 12 wherein the monoolefin is propylene, n-butene, 1-hexene, cyclohexene, or 1-octene.
- 14. The process of claim 13 wherein the olefin is propylene.
- 15. The process of claim 13 wherein the olefin is n-butene.
- 16. The process of claim 1 wherein the temperature is in the range from about 100.degree. C. to about 400.degree. C.
- 17. The process of claim 1 wherein the aromatic compound is in the neat, liquid state and the alkylating agent is dissolved in the liquid state.
- 18. The process of claim 1 wherein the aromatic compound is dissolved in a solvent.
- 19. The process of claim 18 wherein the solvent is 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene or decalin.
- 20. The process of claim 1 wherein the pressure is in the range from about 10 psig to about 500 psig.
- 21. The process of claim 1 wherein the yield of total dialkylates ranges from about 25 to about 80 mole percent.
- 22. The process of claim 1 wherein the catalyst has a silica/alumina molar ratio of at least 50:1, a Symmetry Index from about 1.0 to about 2.3, and a porosity such that the total pore volume is in the range from about 0.18 cc/g to about 0.45 cc/g and the ratio of the combined meso- and macropore volume to the total pore volume is in the range from about 0.25 to about 0.75.
- 23. The process of claim 1 wherein the yield of the linear alkylated isomers is at least about 40 mole percent.
- 24. The process of claim 23 wherein the yield of the linear alkylated isomers is at least about 70 mole percent.
- 25. A process of alkylating biphenyl to a mixture of products enriched in 4,4'-(dialkylate)-1,1'-biphenyl comprising contacting biphenyl with an alkylating agent having from one to eight carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst under conditions such that the 4,4'-dialkylated isomer is formed in a yield of at least about 20 mole percent, said catalyst consisting essentially of an acidic mordenite zeolite having a silica/alumina molar ratio of at least 15:1 and a crystalline structure which is determined by X-ray diffraction to possess a Symmetry Index of at least about 1.0.
- 26. A process of alkylating benzene to a mixture of products enriched in para-dialkylated benzene comprising contacting benzene with an alkylating agent having from one to eight carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst under conditions such that the para-dialkylated isomer is formed in a yield of at least about 20 mole percent, said catalyst consisting essentially of an acidic mordenite zeolite having a silica/alumina molar ratio of at least 15:1 and a crystalline structure which is determined by X-ray diffraction to possess a Symmetry Index of at least about 1.5.
- 27. A process of alkylating a polycyclic aromatic compound to a mixture of substituted polycyclic aromatic compounds enriched in the linear alkylated isomers comprising contacting a polycyclic aromatic compound with an alkylating agent having from one to eight carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst under conditions such that a mixture of substituted polycyclic aromatic compounds enriched in the linear alkylated isomers is formed, said catalyst consisting essentially of an acidic mordenite zeolite having a silica/alumina molar ratio of at least 15:1 and a crystalline structure which is determined by X-ray diffraction to possess a Symmetry Index of at least 1.0.
- 28. A process of alkylating a monocyclic aromatic compound to a mixture of substituted monocyclic aromatic compounds enriched in the linear alkylated isomers comprising contacting a monocyclic aromatic compound with an alkylating agent having from one to eight carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst under conditions such that a mixture of substituted monocyclic aromatic compounds enriched in the linear alkylated isomers is formed, said catalyst consisting essentially of an acidic mordenite zeolite having a silica/alumina molar ratio of at least 15:1 and a crystalline structure which is determined by X-ray diffraction to possess a Symmetry Index of at least 1.5.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 123,741, filed Nov. 23, 1987, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,891,448.
US Referenced Citations (12)
Foreign Referenced Citations (2)
Number |
Date |
Country |
56-133224 |
Oct 1981 |
JPX |
58-159427 |
Sep 1983 |
JPX |
Non-Patent Literature Citations (2)
Entry |
Derwent 84-026354/05 (1984). |
K. A. Becker, H. G. Karge, and W.-D. Streubel, Journal of Catalysis, 28, 403-413 (1973). |
Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
123741 |
Nov 1987 |
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