Patent Application
20140254738
The present application claims priority from Japanese Patent application serial no. 2013-044416, filed on Mar. 6, 2013, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference into this application.
The present invention relates to a gas supply apparatus and an air or nitrogen supply apparatus in an nuclear power plant and relates to, for example, a gas supply apparatus and an air or nitrogen supply apparatus in an nuclear power plant suitable to an apparatus in which an solenoid valve is mounted in some midpoint of a piping system for switching valve closing/opening operation like an air operated valve mounted in an nuclear power plant.
In various plants including an nuclear power plant, piping for passing gases such as air, nitrogen, and steam and liquids such as water are mounted. In some midpoint in the piping, an electric-operated valve for adjusting flow rate, pressure, and the like and an air or nitrogen operation valve by an opening operation for passing fluid in the piping, a closing operation for interruption, or an operation using electricity, compressed air, nitrogen or the like by an electric signal or an air pressure signal are mounted.
In particular, in an air or nitrogen operation valve mounted in an nuclear power plant, an solenoid valve is provided in some midpoint in an air piping system for switching the opening and closing action of the valve. For example, at the time of station blackout (SBO), although a fail operation is performed because of coil non-excitation of the solenoid valve or decrease in air pressure from the air supply source, after that, electricity from a power supply cannot be supplied and air from an air supply apparatus cannot be supplied. Consequently, the operation of the air operated valve cannot be performed, and there is the possibility that the following operation of the air or nitrogen operation valve is hindered.
Since the air operated valve has the possibility that it is operated due to no supply of electricity from the power supply or no supply of air from the air supply apparatus as described above, equipment which can be remotely controlled safely also in the case of emergency (for example, at the time of SBO) is in demand.
On the other hand, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2012-230058 discloses a technique for addressing a case where station blackout occurs and hydrogen generated in a nuclear reactor pressure vessel leaks in a nuclear reactor building by safely treating the hydrogen to prevent hydrogen explosion and prevent breakage of the nuclear reactor building.
Usually, the opening and closing action of an air or nitrogen operation valve is switched by turning on/off the power supply of an solenoid valve mounted in some midpoint of an air piping system for supplying air or nitrogen as power of the valve. In the case of power loss, however, due to loss of the power supply and loss of the source of air for power, the power supply of the solenoid valve for operation of opening and closing the air or nitrogen operation valve cannot be turned on/off, and air or nitrogen as power cannot be supplied, so that remote operation from the outside becomes impossible. However, in an accident event larger than a trouble as a design basis, a necessary air or nitrogen operation valve has to be remotely operated from the outside by a power supply/power air supply different from the normal power supply/power air supply without exerting an influence on the normal operation characteristics of the air or nitrogen operation valve.
Particularly, in an nuclear power plant, to enable the air or nitrogen operation valve in a nuclear reactor containment vessel to be opened/closed in the case of emergency such as SBO, an solenoid valve for operation is mounted on the outside of the nuclear reactor containment vessel, and a power supply such as a battery different from a normal power supply is connected. To perform an operation of opening and closing the air or nitrogen operation valve, the operation characteristics such as operation time required for the air or nitrogen operation valve should not be influenced and consideration on exhaust of an operation air to the outside of the nuclear reactor containment vessel is necessary. It is necessary to assure an operation source of the air or nitrogen supply apparatus used at the time of power loss in which the above matters are considered.
However, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2012-230058, although means for preventing damage of the nuclear reactor building even in the case where hydrogen generated in the nuclear reactor pressure vessel leaks in the nuclear reactor building at the time of station blackout is written, assurance of the operation source of the air or nitrogen supply apparatus used at the time of power loss is not written.
The present invention has been achieved in consideration of the above-described points and an object of the invention is to provide a gas supply apparatus and an air or nitrogen supply apparatus of an nuclear power plant including an operation valve such as the air operated valve which can be remotely operated also at the time of power loss.
To achieve the object, a gas supply apparatus of the present invention includes: an operation valve mounted in some midpoint of a piping for passing at least gas in a plant and operating a valve body by the gas flowing in the piping; an solenoid valve mounted in some midpoint of the piping and allowing/stopping flow of the gas to the operation valve; and a gas supply source for supplying gas to the solenoid valve. A switching valve for switching between exhaust from the solenoid valve and gas supply to the solenoid valve is mounted in an exhaust line of the solenoid valve and, at the time of power loss, the switching valve is switched to connection to the gas supply source for supplying gas to the solenoid valve.
To achieve the object, an air or nitrogen supply apparatus of an nuclear power plant of the present invention includes: a main steam relief safety valve mounted in some midpoint of a piping branched from a main steam piping for supplying steam from a nuclear reactor pressure vessel housed in a nuclear reactor containment vessel to a turbine island and, when pressure in a nuclear reactor becomes equal to or larger than a predetermined value, performing opening operation to allow main steam in the main steam piping to escape; a cylinder for making the main steam relief safety valve perform opening operation; an solenoid valve allowing/stopping flow of air or nitrogen to the cylinder; and an air or nitrogen supply source supplying air or nitrogen to the solenoid valve. A switching valve for switching between exhaust from the solenoid valve and gas supply to the solenoid valve is mounted in an exhaust line of the solenoid valve and, at the time of power loss, the switching valve is switched to connection to the air or nitrogen supply source for supplying air or nitrogen to the solenoid valve.
Further, to achieve the object, an air or nitrogen supply apparatus of an nuclear power plant of the present invention includes: an air or nitrogen operation valve having an open/close valve in some midpoint of a piping mounted in a standby gas treatment system which releases gas from a nuclear reactor containment vessel in which a nuclear reactor pressure vessel is housed from an exhaust tower and, when pressure in the nuclear reactor containment vessel becomes equal to or larger than a predetermined value, making the open/close valve perform opening operation to eject gas in the nuclear reactor containment vessel from the standby gas treatment system; an solenoid valve connected to a cylinder for forced operation which supplies drive force to the open/close valve to make the air or nitrogen operation valve perform opening operation and allowing/stopping flow of air or nitrogen to the cylinder for forced operation; and an air or nitrogen supply source supplying air or nitrogen to the solenoid valve. A switching valve for switching between exhaust from the solenoid valve and gas supply to the solenoid valve is mounted in an exhaust line of the solenoid valve and, at the time of power loss, the switching valve is switched to connection to an air or nitrogen supply source different from the air or nitrogen supply source for supplying air or nitrogen to the solenoid valve.
The present invention produces an effect that an operation valve such as an air operated valve can be remotely operated even at the time of power loss.
Hereinafter, an air supply apparatus and an air or nitrogen supply apparatus of an nuclear power plant of the present invention will be described on the basis of illustrated embodiments. In the diagrams, black indication of a valve indicates a “close” state, and blank indication indicates an “open” state. The same reference numerals are used for the same components, and description of parts already described will not be repeated.
In a state where it is difficult to apply current to the solenoid valve 2 or in case of emergency that it is difficult to supply air or nitrogen for control from the IA system (instrument air system) to the supply port of the solenoid valve 2, by turning on the power supply of a second solenoid valve 5 which will be described later, the air or nitrogen for control is supplied from a tank 4 as a gas supply source which is mounted on the outside of the building 21 and in which air or nitrogen is stored to the switching valve 3 via a second solenoid valve 5. As a result, a flow passage between P and A is formed in the switching valve 3, a passage from the tank 4, the second solenoid valve 5, the switching valve 3, the solenoid valve 2, and the air operated valve actuator 1 is formed, and the air operated valve actuator 1 operates. After completion of the operation, when the power supply of the solenoid valve 5 is turned off, pressure among the second solenoid valve 5, the switching valve 3, the solenoid valve 2, and the air operated valve actuator 1 decreases, and the flow passage of the switching valve 3 is switched to the flow passage from A to E. Further, the air or nitrogen for control of the air operated valve actuator 1 is ejected from the exhaust port of the solenoid valve 2 in the passage from A to E of the switching valve 3, and the air operated valve actuator 1 is reset to the state before the operation.
That is, in the embodiment, the solenoid valve 2 has, as a gas supply source for supplying gas (air or nitrogen), two systems of an IA system (instrument air system) and the tank 4.
In the embodiment, in such a manner, the air operated valve actuator 1 is operated to open/close the valve body. In
In the embodiment, in some midpoint of the piping 20A in the building 21 between the solenoid valve 2 and the tank 4, the switching valve 3 switching between exhaust from the solenoid valve 2 and the gas supply to the solenoid valve 2 is mounted. The switching valve 3 is switched to connection to the tank 4 for supplying air or nitrogen to the solenoid valve 2 at the time of power loss.
That is, when the switching valve 3 is provided in some midpoint of the piping 20A in the building 21 on the exhaust line side of the solenoid valve 2 and air or nitrogen for operation is supplied from the tank 4 provided on the outside of the building 21 to the switching valve 3 via a piping 20B, in normal time, the switching valve 3 connected to the exhaust side of the solenoid valve 2 as illustrated in
In some midpoint of the piping 20B on the outside of the building 21 on the side of the tank 4 of the switching valve 3, an isolation valve 6 preventing atmosphere in the building 21 at the normal time from leaking to the outside of the building 21 by leakage on the gas supply side of the switching valve 3 is disposed.
Further, safety of equipment for supplying air or nitrogen to the switching valve 3 can be increased by having a power supply of a kind different from that of the power supply in the building 21, for example, a battery. As a further backup, gas may be supplied by a manual valve.
That is, in the embodiment, the second solenoid valve 5 mounted in the piping 20B on the outside of the building 21 for supplying gas from the tank 4 to the switching valve 3 is constructed by three solenoid valves using, as power supplies, an AC power supply or DC power supply, a DC power supply, and a hand motion. Specifically, as illustrated in
At the time of power loss, the second solenoid valve 5B using the DC power supply (battery) as a drive source is driven to supply air or nitrogen from the tank 4 to the solenoid valve 2. Leakage to the gas supply side of the switching valve 3 is prevented by the isolation valve 6.
A concrete example of each of the states in the gas supply apparatus of the above-described first embodiment will be described with reference to
As described above, in the embodiment, the switching valve 3 is connected in some midpoint in the piping 20A on the side of the exhaust line 11 of the solenoid valve 2 and, at the time of power loss, gas such as air or nitrogen is supplied by the tank 4 or the like from the outside of the building 21. Consequently, air or nitrogen for operation is supplied to the switching valve 3, the switching valve 3 connected to the exhaust side in normal time is switched to the gas supply side, and air or nitrogen can be supplied to the solenoid valve at the time of power loss. The pressure at which the switching valve 3 switched is sufficiently higher than the pressure in the building 21. During operation of the switching valve 3, the atmosphere in the building 21 does not flow to the outside of the building 21 via the second solenoid valve 5.
There is consequently an effect that the operation valve such as the air operated valve can be remotely operated also at the time of power loss. By differentiating the type of the power supply of the second solenoid valve 5 (AC power supply or DC power supply) from that of the solenoid valve 2 which is usually used, there is also an effect that the drive sources can be diversified.
By having a power supply (for example, a battery) different from the power supply in the building 21, the safety of the equipment supplying air or nitrogen to the switching valve 3 can be increased. As further backup, gas may be supplied by a manual valve.
According to the embodiment as described above, obviously, the effects similar to those of the first embodiment are obtained. By connecting the exhaust line 18 of the second solenoid valve 5 to the gas treatment line 39 via the line 38 provided with the check valve 15, the safety of an operator can be further improved.
In the case where the gas treatment line 39 is provided only on the outside of the building 21, also by connecting the exhaust line 18 of the second solenoid valve 5 directly to the gas treatment line 39 on the outside of the building 21 without via the line 38 provided with the check valve 15, the safety of an operator can be improved.
As illustrated in the diagram, the air or nitrogen supply apparatus of an nuclear power plant of the embodiment is, schematically, constructed by including: a main steam relief safety valve 43 provided for a piping 51 branched from a main steam piping 41 for supplying steam from a nuclear reactor pressure vessel 40 housed in a nuclear reactor containment vessel 48 to a turbine island (not illustrated) and, when pressure in a nuclear reactor becomes equal to or larger than a predetermined value, performing opening operation to allow main steam in the main steam piping 41 to escape; a cylinder 47 for forced operation supplying air or nitrogen as a drive force to the main steam relief safety valve 43 to make the main steam relief safety valve 43 forcedly perform opening operation; the solenoid valve 2 allowing/stopping flow of air or nitrogen to the cylinder 47 for forced operation; and an air or nitrogen supply source (although not illustrated, gasifying nitrogen in a high-pressure gas accumulator, or in a tank similar to that in the first embodiment, or liquid nitrogen and supplying the nitrogen gas) mounted on the outside of the nuclear reactor containment vessel 48 supplying air or nitrogen independently to a gas supply port and an exhaust port of the solenoid valve 2 via a piping.
In the embodiment, the switching valve 3 for switching between exhaust from the solenoid valve 2 and gas supply to the solenoid valve 2 is mounted in an exhaust line of the solenoid valve 2 in the nuclear reactor containment vessel 48 and, at the time of power loss, the switching valve 3 is switched to connection, via the gas supply line 17 of the second solenoid valve 5, to another air or nitrogen supply source (tank) different from the air or nitrogen supply source mounted on the outside of the nuclear reactor containment vessel 48 via the piping in order to supply air or nitrogen to the solenoid valve 2.
The tank as the air or nitrogen supply source is connected via the second solenoid valve 5 mounted in the piping 20B on the outside of the nuclear reactor containment vessel 48 supplying air or nitrogen from the tank 4 to the switching valve 3, and the second solenoid valve 5 is a singular switching valve or a plurality of switching valves from three valves using, as a power source, an alternate current power source or a direct current power source, a direct current power source (for example, a battery), and a hand motion and the operation of the second solenoid valve is similar to that in the first embodiment. Further, the isolation valve 6 preventing leakage to the gas supply side of the switching valve 3 is mounted in some midpoint of the piping on the outside of the nuclear reactor containment vessel 48 on the tank side of the switching valve 3. A configuration of preventing leak to the gas supply side of the switching valve 3 by the isolation valve 6 is obtained.
Usually, steam is supplied from the nuclear reactor pressure vessel 40 to the turbine island via the main steam piping 41. However, when a disaster such as an earthquake is detected, to prevent loss of coolant accident (LCOA) caused by breakage of the piping, a main steam isolation valve 42 provided for the main steam piping 41 is closed. In this case, the temperature in the nuclear reactor continuously increases by heat degradation of nuclear fuel, and the pressure in the nuclear reactor also rises with generation of steam. In the case where the pressure of the nuclear reactor becomes equal to or larger than a predetermined value, the main steam relief safety valve 43 provided for the piping 51 branched from the main steam piping 41 operates, thereby decreasing the pressure of the nuclear reactor. At this time, the switching valve 3 does not exert influence on the operation of the main steam relief safety valve 43.
Although cooling of the nuclear reactor is performed by a high-pressure core water injection system 44 or a low-pressure core water injection system 45, desirably, it is desirable to also enable water injection by an emergency pumper truck or the like from an external water injection line 46 at the time of station blackout (SBO).
In the case where the pressure in the nuclear reactor is higher than that of water injection, the pressure in the nuclear reactor has to be decreased. Since the safety valve function of the main steam relief safety valve 43 does not work until the pressure in the nuclear reactor becomes predetermined pressure, the main steam relief safety valve 43 has to be forcedly operated to be open by using the relief valve function of the main steam relief safety valve 43.
The relief valve function of the main steam relief safety valve 43 is a function of opening the main steam relief safety valve 43 by supplying gas such as nitrogen or compressed air accumulated in an accumulator to the cylinder 47 for forced operation of the main steam relief safety valve 43.
In the embodiment, at the time of a severe accident such as station blackout, the solenoid valve 2 for supplying compressed air or compressed nitrogen to the main steam relief safety valve 43 becomes also inoperable and waits in a state where the exhaust side is open. After that, by connecting the switching valve 3 to the exhaust line 11 side of the solenoid valve 2, supplying air or nitrogen for operation from the air or nitrogen supply source such as a tank provided on the outside of the nuclear reactor containment vessel 48 to the switching valve 3, switching the switching valve 3 connected to the exhaust side in normal time, and supplying the air or nitrogen for operation to the solenoid valve 2, also at the time of station blackout, the main seam relief safety valve 43 can be operated by supplying air or nitrogen to the cylinder 47 for forced operation.
When the main steam relief safety valve 43 operates, the pressure of the nuclear reactor pressure vessel 40 is reduced so as to be escaped to a connection line of a suppression chamber. When the pressure of the nuclear reactor pressure vessel 40 is reduced, water can be injected from the external water injection line 46, and the nuclear reactor can be stopped at low temperature.
As illustrated in the diagram, an air or nitrogen supply apparatus of an nuclear power plant of the embodiment is, schematically, constructed by including: the solenoid valve 2 connected to an air or nitrogen operation valve 50 for supplying drive force to a driving unit (such as a cylinder) driving an open/close valve 52 mounted in an standby gas treatment system (emergency gas treatment equipment or filtered vent equipment) 53 releasing, from an exhaust tower 54, gas from the nuclear reactor containment vessel 48 in which the nuclear reactor pressure vessel 40 is housed and performing opening and closing to supply/stop flow of air or nitrogen to a driving unit (such as a cylinder) of the air or nitrogen operation valve 50; and an air or nitrogen supply source (although not illustrated, gasifying nitrogen in a tank similar to that in the first embodiment or liquid nitrogen and supplying the nitrogen gas) mounted on the outside of the nuclear reactor containment vessel 48 supplying air or nitrogen independently to a gas supply port and an exhaust port of the solenoid valve 2.
In the embodiment, the switching valve 3 for switching to gas supply to the solenoid valve 2 is mounted in the exhaust line 11 from the solenoid valve 2. At the time of power loss, the switching valve 3 is switched to connection, via the gas supply line 17 of the second solenoid valve 5, to another air or nitrogen supply source (tank) different from the air or nitrogen supply source mounted on the outside of a nuclear reactor building 58 via the piping 10 to supply air or nitrogen to the solenoid valve 2.
Via the above-described switching valve 3, the tank as the air or nitrogen supply source to which the line supplying air or nitrogen to the air or nitrogen operation valve 50 via the solenoid valve 2 is connected is connected, in a manner similar to the first embodiment, via the second solenoid valve 5 mounted in the piping 20B on the outside of the nuclear reactor building 58 supplying air or gas from the tank 4 to the switching valve 3. The second solenoid valve 5 is constructed by a singular valve or a plurality of valves from three valves using, as a power source, an alternate current power source or a direct current power source, a direct current power source (for example, a battery), and a hand motion and the operation is similar to that in the first embodiment. Further, the isolation valve 6 preventing leakage to the gas supply side of the switching valve 3 is mounted in some midpoint of the piping on the outside of the nuclear reactor containment vessel 48 on the tank side of the switching valve 3. A configuration of preventing leak to the gas supply side of the switching valve 3 by the isolation valve 6 is obtained.
Usually, at the time of a severe accident such as station blackout, the solenoid valve 2 for supplying compressed air or compressed nitrogen to the air or nitrogen operation valve 50 also becomes inoperable and waits in a state where the exhaust side is open. In the embodiment, by connecting the switching valve 3 to the exhaust line 11 side of the solenoid valve 2, supplying air or nitrogen for operation from the air or nitrogen supply source such as a tank provided on the outside of the nuclear reactor containment vessel 48 to the switching valve 3, switching the switching valve 3 connected to the exhaust side in normal time to the gas supply side, and supplying the air or nitrogen for operation to the solenoid valve 2, also at the time of station blackout, air or nitrogen is supplied to the air or nitrogen operation valve 50. By controlling the flow of air or nitrogen to the air or nitrogen operation valve 50, the opening and closing action of the open/close valve 52 can be performed. The pressure in the nuclear reactor containment vessel 48 can be reduced by being ejected from an ejection tower 54 via a standby gas treatment system (gas treatment equipment for emergency or filtered-vent equipment) 53.
As illustrated in the diagram, the pressurized-water reactor sends hot water generated by a nuclear reactor pressure vessel 59 to a steam generator 60. By steam generated by the steam generator 60, a turbine (not illustrated) mounted on the outside of the nuclear reactor building 58 is rotated to obtain power. In this case, to pressurize the hot water generated by the nuclear reactor pressure vessel 59 and keep in liquid state, a pressurizer 56 for maintaining the pressure and water level of the nuclear reactor pressure vessel 59 is provided between the nuclear reactor pressure vessel 59 and the steam generator 60, and a main steam relief valve 61 is provided in some midpoint of the main steam piping 41 sending steam to the turbine. The main steam relief valve 61 is provided with a cylinder 47B for forced operation.
On the other hand, the pressurizer 56 and the pressurizer relief valve 57 for forcedly reducing the pressure in the pressurizer 56 as necessary are provided, and the pressurizer relief valve 57 is provided with a cylinder 57A for forced operation.
Since the pressurizer relief valve 57 and the main steam relief valve 61 become inoperable at the time of SBO, by providing the above-described switching valve, reduction in the pressure in the nuclear reactor pressure vessel 59 or reduction in the pressure in the steam generator 60 can be carried out safely.
A gas supply apparatus to be applied to the pressurized-water reactor illustrated in
In the embodiment, in the exhaust line of the solenoid valve 2B, a switching valve 3B for switching between exhaust from the solenoid valve 2B and gas supply to the solenoid valve 2B is mounted in an exhaust line of the solenoid valve 2B and, at the time of power loss, the switching valve 3B is switched to connection to the air or nitrogen supply source for supplying air or nitrogen to the solenoid valve 2B.
The pressurizer relief valve 57 installed in some midpoint of the piping between the nuclear reactor pressure vessel 59 and the pressurizer 56 for maintaining the pressure and water level of the nuclear reactor pressure vessel 59 and forcedly reducing the pressure in the pressurizer 56 as necessary has the cylinder 47A for forced operation supplying air or nitrogen accumulated on the inside to the pressurizer relief valve 56 to make the pressurizer relief valve 57 perform opening operation and the solenoid valve 2A installed in some midpoint of the piping and allowing/stopping the flow of air or nitrogen to the cylinder 47A for forced operation. To the solenoid valve 2A, air or nitrogen is supplied by an air or nitrogen supply source such as a tank.
In the embodiment, the switching valve 3A switching between exhaust from the solenoid valve 2A and gas supply to the solenoid valve 2A is mounted in the exhaust line of the solenoid valve 2A. At the time of power loss, the switching valve 3A is switched to connection to the air or nitrogen supply source to supply air or nitrogen to the solenoid valve 2A.
With such a configuration of the embodiment, even when the pressurizer relief valve 57 and/or the main steam relief valve 61 become inoperable at the time of SBO, by switching the switching valves 3A and 3B, gas such as air or nitrogen can be supplied from the gas supply source such as a tank. Thus, effects similar to those of the foregoing embodiments can be obtained.
Although the air or nitrogen operation valve has been described in the foregoing embodiments, the invention can be also applied to a safety valve, a relief valve, or a safety relief valve. The present invention can be applied not only to an nuclear power plant but also to a chemical plant, an oil plant, an electric power generating facility, and the like. As a gas supplied, carbon dioxide can be used except for air and nitrogen.
Further, the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments but includes various modifications. For example, the foregoing embodiments have been described in detail to explain the present invention in an easily understood manner, and the invention is not always limited to an apparatus having all of the components described. A part of the configuration of an embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of an embodiment can be added to the configuration of another embodiment. On a part of the configuration of each embodiment, addition, deletion, or replacement of another configuration can be performed.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2013-044416 | Mar 2013 | JP | national |
