Claims
- 1. A device for detecting spectroscopic signals, comprising:
a substrate having a metal layer thereon; fractal aggregates on said metal layer; and an analyte receptor near said fractal aggregates.
- 2. A device for detecting Raman spectroscopic signals, comprising:
a substrate having a metal layer thereon; fractal aggregates on said metal layer; and an analyte receptor near said fractal aggregates.
- 3. A device for detecting Raman spectroscopic signals, comprising:
a metal surface; fractal aggregates on said metal surface; and an analyte receptor near said fractal aggregates.
- 4. The device of claim 1, wherein said analyte receptor is sufficiently near said fractal aggregates to modify a Raman spectroscopic signal generated by an analyte that is associated with said analyte receptor.
- 5. A device for detecting spectroscopic signals, comprising:
a substrate having a metal layer thereon; fractal aggregates on said metal layer; and an analyte receptor near said fractal aggregates.
- 6. The device of claim 2, wherein said substrate is glass.
- 7. The device of claim 2, wherein said substrate is quartz.
- 8. The device of claim 2, wherein said metal layer is gold.
- 9. The device of claim 2, wherein said metal layer is aluminum.
- 10. The device of claim 2, wherein said fractal aggregates comprise gold.
- 11. The device of claim 2, wherein said fractal aggregates comprise silver.
- 12. The device of claim 5, wherein said analyte receptor comprises reduced glutathione.
- 13. The device of claim 5, wherein said analyte comprises glutathione S-transferase.
- 14. The device of claim 5, wherein said analyte receptor comprises an antigen.
- 15. The device of claim 14, wherein said analyte comprises an antibody against said antigen.
- 16. The device of claim 14, wherein said antigen comprises DNP.
- 17. The device of claim 15, wherein said antibody is a DNP antibody.
- 18. A biochip comprising:
a substrate having a metal layer thereon, said metal layer having at least one defined area thereon; a plurality of particle structures associated with said at least one defined area; said defined area having a plurality of analyte receptors preferentially localized near resonance domains of said particle structures.
- 19. The biochip of claim 18, wherein said particle structure is a fractal structure.
- 20. A biochip comprising:
a substrate having a metal layer thereon; a plurality of particle structures having a plurality of resonance domains on said metal layer, and a plurality of analyte receptors preferentially localized near said resonance domains, wherein said particle structures modify a signal generated by an analyte associated with said analyte receptor.
- 21. The biochip of claim 20, wherein said substrate is selected from the group consisting of silicon, silicon dioxide, glass, and plastics.
- 22. The biochip of claim 20, wherein said analyte receptors comprise reduced glutathione.
- 23. The biochip of claim 20, wherein said analyte receptors comprise an antigen.
- 24. The biochip of claim 22, wherein said analyte comprises glutathione S-transferase.
- 25. The biochip of claim 23, wherein said analyte comprises an antibody directed against said antigen.
- 26. A method for manufacturing a device for detecting spectrographic signals, comprising the steps of:
forming a substrate having a metal layer thereon; preparing a colloidal solution of metal particles; placing said colloidal solution on said metal layer; and permitting said metal particles to adhere to said metal layer.
- 27. The method of claim 26, wherein said metal layer comprises gold.
- 28. The method of claim 26, wherein said colloidal solution comprises gold particles.
- 29. The method of claim 26, wherein said colloidal solution comprises silver particles.
- 30. A biochip comprising:
a substrate having a metal layer thereon; a plurality of particle structures having a plurality of resonance domains, said plurality of particle structures on said metal layer, and a plurality of analyte receptors preferentially localized near said resonance domains, wherein said particle structures amplify a signal generated by an analyte associated with said analyte receptor.
- 31. The biochip of claim 30, further comprising means for identifying each of said different areas.
- 32. The biochip of claim 30, wherein said defined area adapted to be observed at least in part by a detector.
- 33. A system for analyte detection, comprising:
a substrate having a plurality of defined areas thereon, each of said areas having:
a plurality of fractal structures having a plurality of resonance domains, and a plurality of analyte receptors localized sufficiently near said resonance domains to enhance an electromagnetic signal generated by said analyte; identifiers for each of said different areas; and a detector associated with a defined area on said substrate.
- 34. The system of claim 33, wherein said analyte receptors comprise an antigen.
- 35. A method for analyte detection, comprising:
providing a substrate having a metal layer thereon; providing a fractal aggregate on said metal layer, said fractal aggregate having at least one resonance domain; providing an analyte receptor near said resonance domain; exposing said analyte to said receptor; and detecting a Raman spectral feature associated with said analyte receptor complex.
- 36. The method of claim 35, further comprising the step of:
removing unbound analytes from said substrate.
- 37. The method of claim 36, further comprising the steps of:
analyzing said spectral feature; and comparing said spectral feature with a known reference spectral feature.
- 38. The method of claim 37, further comprising the step of providing an output relating to said spectral feature.
- 39. A method for manufacturing a device for detecting the presence of an analyte, said method comprising the steps of:
providing a substrate; providing a layer of metal on the surface of said substrate; providing a fractal aggregate on said layer of metal, said fractal aggregate being able to enhance an electromagnetic signal generated by said analyte; and providing an analyte receptor on said device, sufficiently near to said fractal aggregate to enhance an electromagnetic signal generated by said analyte.
- 40. The method of claim 39, wherein said layer of metal is gold.
- 41. The method of claim 39, wherein said fractal aggregate is a silver fractal aggregate.
- 42. The method of claim 41, wherein said silver fractal aggregate is made comprising the steps of:
providing a colloidal solution of silver particles, comprising the steps of:
providing a solution of AgNO3; boiling said solution; adding a solution of 1% sodium citrate to produce said silver particles; and adding NaCl to said colloidal solution to produce said fractal aggregate.
- 43. The method of claim 41, wherein said silver fractal aggregate is made comprising the steps of:
providing a colloidal solution of silver particles, comprising the steps of:
providing a solution of NaBH4; Adding to said solution of NaBH4 a solution of AgNO3 in water while stirring; adding a solution of poly(vinyl alcohol); boiling said solution to form a silver colloid solution; and mixing said silver colloid solution with a solution of NaCl in water; and permitting said silver fractal aggregate to form.
- 44. The method of claim 39, wherein said fractal aggregate is a gold fractal aggregate.
- 45. The method of claim 44, wherein said fractal aggregate is made comprising the steps of:
providing a colloidal solution of gold, comprising the steps of:
providing a solution of HAuCl4 in water; boiling said solution; and adding a solution of 1% sodium citrate to form said colloidal gold solution; and mixing said colloidal gold solution with a solution of NaCl to form said gold fractal aggregates.
- 46. A method for manufacturing a biochip comprising the steps of:
providing a substrate having a metal surface with at least one defined area thereon; providing a plurality of particle structures having a plurality of resonance domains; said defined area having a plurality of analyte receptors preferentially localized near said resonance domains.
- 47. The method of claim 46, wherein said particle structure is a fractal structure.
- 48. The method of claim 46, wherein said analyte receptors comprise an antigen.
- 49. The method of claim 48, wherein said antigen comprises DNP.
- 50. The method of claim 46, wherein said analyte receptor is selected from the group consisting of Gly-Cys, Cys-Glu and reduced glutathione.
- 51. The method of claim 50, wherein said analyte receptor comprise reduced glutathione.
- 52. The method of claim 50, wherein said analyte is glutathione S-transferase.
- 53. A method for manufacturing a biochip comprising the steps of:
providing a substrate having a metal layer thereon; providing a plurality of particle structures having a plurality of resonance domains on said substrate, and providing a plurality of analyte receptors localized sufficiently near said resonance domains, wherein said particle structures enhance a signal generated by an analyte associated with said analyte receptor.
- 54. The method of claim 53, wherein said substrate is selected from the group consisting of silicon, silicon dioxide, glass, quartz and plastics.
- 55. The method of claim 53, wherein said analyte receptor is selected from the group consisting of reduced glutathione, Cys-Glu and Gly-Cys.
- 56. The method of claim 53, wherein said analyte receptor is an antigen.
- 57. The method of claim 53, wherein said analyte receptor is an antibody directed against said antigen.
- 58. The method of claim 56, wherein said antigen is DNP.
- 59. The method of claim 57, wherein said analyte is an anti-DNP antibody.
- 60. A method for determining the enhancing ability of a fractal aggregate, comprising the steps of:
providing a solution of fractal aggregates; measuring a Raman signal from said solution; adding a Raman signal generator to said solution of fractal aggregates; and measuring a Raman signal from said Raman signal generator.
- 61. The method of claim 60, wherein said Raman signal generator is selected from the group consisting of DTP and rhodamine.
- 62. The method of claim 60, wherein said fractal aggregates are associated with a surface.
- 63. A device for detecting spectroscopic signals, comprising:
a substrate having a metal layer thereon; means for enhancing an electromagnetic signal associated with said metal layer; and an analyte receptor near said fractal aggregates.
- 64. A method for analyte detection, comprising:
providing a substrate having a metal layer thereon; providing a means for enhancing an electromagnetic signal generated by said analyte; providing means for localizing an analyte near said means for enhancing an electronic signal; exposing said analyte to an electromagnetic beam; and detecting a Raman spectral feature associated with said analyte receptor complex.
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application, Ser. No. 09/670,453, filed Sep. 26 2000, which claimed priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 60/156,195, now abandoned. This application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/669,369, filed Sep. 26, 2000, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/669,796, filed Sep. 26, 2000, and U.S. Patent Application titled “Surfaces Having Particle Structures with Broad Range Radiation Absorptivity”, inventors Oleg A. Yevin, Thomas H. Nufert and David I. Kreimer, filed Mar. 23, 2001. Each of these Patent Applications is herein incorporated fully by reference.
Provisional Applications (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
|
60156195 |
Sep 1999 |
US |
Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
09670453 |
Sep 2000 |
US |
Child |
09815909 |
Mar 2001 |
US |