The present invention relates to anchoring devices specially adapted for Post Tension concrete reinforcing. More specifically the present invention relates to aforementioned class of anchors wherein the tensile members are reinforced by wedge action.
Many structures are built using concrete, including, for instance, buildings, industrial buildings, foundations, sports courts, parking structures, apartments, condominiums, hotels, malls, bridges, pavement, tanks, reservoirs, silos, mixed-use structures, medical buildings, government buildings, casinos, hospitals, research/academic institutions, and other structures.
Concrete is capable of withstanding significant compressive loads, however, it is not as capable of withstanding significant tensile loads. Thus, it is often necessary to reinforce concrete structures with steel bars, cables, or the like to enhance the structure's ability to withstand tensile forces.
Pre-stressed concrete is structural concrete in which internal stresses are introduced to the concrete member to reduce potential tensile stresses in the concrete resulting from applied loads; pre-stressing may be accomplished by post-tensioned pre-stressing or pre-tensioned pre-stressing. In a post tensioned reinforcement system, several Steel cables (called “strand or tendons”) are placed within the concrete framing structure where the concrete will later be poured around them. At this point, each tendon is held loosely in place, and the ends of each tendon pass through an anchor on each side of the concrete slab that composes a portion of the total concrete structure. The post-tensioning tendon includes an anchor at each end. The tension member is fixedly coupled to a fixed anchor positioned at one end of the tension member, the so-called “fixed-end” of the tension member, and is adapted to be stressed at the stressing anchor, the “stressing-end” of the tensioning tendon.
Once the concrete is poured and has cured for a sufficient amount of time, but not yet to the point of being fully cured, the tendons may be tensioned by a hydraulic tensioner. The hydraulic jack tensioners that may be used in these circumstances are driven by high pressure hydraulic fluid pump in one or more cylinders in the tensioner that places the tendon under a high tensile load, for example 30,000-40,000 pounds force.
A concrete anchor is typically formed as a singular body by casting and includes a body portion that has a one bearing plate portion, and two generally cylindrical shaped barrel portion, one extending from the front surface of the bearing plate and another extending from the rear surface of the bearing plate. To help support the force that will be applied to the tendon after tensioning, the anchor also includes several ribs located on the front surface of the bearing plate. The rear surface of the bearing plate is used to contact the concrete and provide a load bearing surface during the tensioning of the tendon by the hydraulic jack tensioner. The bearing plate portion of the anchor is typically of a constant thickness and includes two or more mounting holes so the anchor can be fastened to the concrete structure, which is often completed with nails or similar fasteners.
The anchors in the prior art also include a barrel portion has an upper annular wall extending from the upper Surface of the bearing plate and a lower annular wall depending from the lower Surface of the bearing plate. The inner Surfaces of the upper annular wall and lower annular wall together define an internal wedge-receiving cavity passing through the bearing plate and having a central axis substantially perpendicular to the bearing plate. The wedge-receiving cavity has a specific angle of taper with respect to the central axis. The cavity has a diameter at the lower end that is at least as great as the diameter of the sheathing on the tendon to be anchored. The cavity has an overall height that is at least as great as the height of the wedges to be used. The outer surface of the upper annular wall is upwardly tapered. The outer surface of the lower annular wall is downwardly tapered. A plurality of ribs extend from the outside of the upper annular wall to the upper surface of the bearing plate. The sheathed portion of the tendon may freely pass through the wedge-receiving cavity of the anchor.
Before the concrete is poured around the tendons, each tendon must pass through an anchor that will be located on each side of where the concrete slab will eventually be located. The tendon enters the anchor by entering the bore in the lower annular wall of barrel portion on the rear surface of the bearing plate and exiting the bore in the upper annular wall of barrel portion on the front surface of the bearing plate. After the tendon exits the anchor, the wedge may be placed around the tendon in the frusto-conical bore of the anchor.
To allow access to the stressing end of the post tensioning tendon once the concrete is poured, a pocket former may be utilized to prevent concrete from filling the area between the stressing anchor and the concrete form used to form the concrete member. Once the concrete has sufficiently hardened and the concrete side formwork is removed, the pocket former is removed from the concrete member. Traditionally, pocket formers are tapered to, for example, allow for easier removal from the concrete member. Typically, once the post-tensioned tendon is stressed, thereby forming a post-tensioned concrete member, and the pocket former removed, the pocket formed by the pocket former is filled with a material such as a cementitious chloride-free grout or concrete to, for example, provide fire protection and corrosion protection.
After the concrete is poured and allowed to partially cure for a sufficient amount of time, the tendon may be tensioned by a hydraulic jack tensioner. After the tendon is tensioned by the hydraulic jack tensioner, the tendon and wedge are forced tightly into the bore. The wedge is shaped such that it has teeth that help locking the tendon in place during tensioning. The tensioning force on the tendon passes to the wedge and to the upper annular wall, lower annular wall, and bearing plate portions of the anchor, and ultimately to the concrete slab. The ribs help distribute that force throughout the body of the anchor and onto the rear Surface of the bearing plate portion of the anchor, thus providing the tensile strength to the concrete structure.
Many prior arts have tried to work on the same field. Some the most relevant ones among them being reproduced here briefly.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,024,032 relates to post-tensioning Anchor having Rectangular Bearing plate with 4 ribs. As shown in this prior art the Post-tensioning Anchor of the type constructed for securement to a concrete structure and the receipt of a tensioning cable therethrough. There is shown the front face of the anchor is constructed with series of gussets (in our invention name as Ribs) tapering downwardly from central cylindrical body section. Problem often arise with said prior art, when a series of, numbers of Anchor required to accommodate in specific area of slab or beam because of rectangular bearing plate. However said prior art is having two holes generally located in single line and problem often arise to accommodate or to have more choices and flexibility to affix the anchor to a concrete form and/or to mount accessories such as plastic encapsulating elements.
U.S. Pat. No. 8,146,306 relates an Anchor for post-tension reinforcement. The anchor includes and rectangular anchor base having 4 ribs and having at least one wedge receiving bore therein. Also shown an embodiment of an anchor having four mounting holes in the metal structure. Problems often arise with said prior art, when a series of, numbers of Anchor required to accommodate in specific area of slab or beam because of rectangular bearing plate. However said prior art is having four holes in single line only and problem often arise to accommodate or to have more choices and flexibility to use all four holes to affix the anchor to a concrete form and/or to mount accessories such as plastic encapsulating elements, as it is having four holes in one line only.
Many anchors are used in post-tensioned concrete construction and so it is important that they be efficient in performing their function. Excess material in an anchor leads to increased weight that is unnecessary for the proper functioning of the anchor and results in a waste of raw materials used to compose the concrete anchor, as well as increased shipping costs of the anchor.
It is desirable to provide an improved anchor for a post-tension anchoring system which allows for the use of standard wedges in the wedge cavity and which can be used at the stressing (live) end, fixed (dead) end as well as being used as an intermediate anchor. It is further desirable that the anchor can be used as an intermediate anchor with a sheathed tendon and any anchor location where is desirable for the sheathing to pass through the anchor. It is also desirable that the anchor meets certification and testing requirements. It is also desirable that the anchor to reduce weight while maintaining structural integrity. Additionally, it is desirable that the anchor is cost effective, reliable and easy to manufacture and use.
The prior art documents have several disadvantages. For example, prior art anchors often have a rectangular bearing plate with two or four mounting holes. This can make it difficult to accommodate multiple anchors in a small area. Additionally, prior art anchors often have a single line of mounting holes, which can limit the flexibility in how the anchor is attached to the concrete structure. They fail to offer spatial flexibility. The prior art anchors are essentially end tensioning anchors and lack the flexibility to be deployed.
It is desirable to provide an improved post tensioning anchor that overcomes aforementioned drawbacks and is specifically suitable for mono strand un-bonded tendon, since mono strand tendons in themselves are a wide field and have wide application in the field of post tensioning with challenges and functionalities unique to mono strand tendons.
The primary object of the present invention is to provide an anchor for post tensioned concrete reinforcement that is light weight, requires less material while maintaining structural integrity and consequently less costly as compared to the conventional anchors. Another object of the present invention is to provide an anchor for post tensioned concrete reinforcement that is easier to install, offers spatial flexibility in terms of orientation and consumes less space as compared to the conventional anchors.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an anchor for post tensioned concrete reinforcement that achieves the afore mentioned objective while being employed for mono strand tendons.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an anchor for post tensioned concrete reinforcement with increased the ease of packaging, storage and handling, thus contributing to further reduction of shipment and material handling cost.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an anchor for post tensioned concrete reinforcement that is protected from atmospheric corrosion.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an anchor for post tensioned concrete reinforcement that offers flexibility to be deployed as intermediate anchor as well.
Other object of the present invention is to provide an anchor for post tensioned concrete reinforcement are apparent from the advantage stemming out of the foregoing constructional details in this complete specification.
The present invention provides an anchor for post tensioned concrete reinforcement that addresses the drawbacks of conventional anchors. The anchor of the present invention is lightweight and compact, making it easier to install. And, said Encapsulated Anchor is encapsulated to provide corrosion-resistance and thereby, increases the durability.
The anchor of the present invention comprises a base member, a rear tubular portion, a front tubular portion, reinforcing ribs, and four mounting holes. The base member is shaped substantially as a square plate and has a thickness that facilitates uniform distribution of load on the concrete surface. The base member is chamfered at the corners to rounded shape to minimize stress concentration.
The rear tubular portion and front tubular portion protrude from the base member in opposite directions. The rear tubular portion has an opening that allows the tendon to extend into the inner cavity of the tubular section. The front tubular portion has a tapered inner cavity that receives a conventional tapered wedge. The tapered wedge is tightened, which forces it against the sides of the tapered inner cavity, clamping the tendon in place.
The reinforcing ribs extend radially outward from the exterior of the tubular section on the front surface of the base member. The reinforcing ribs help to distribute the load uniformly in all directions on the concrete surface.
The four mounting holes are located near the corners of the base member. The mounting holes allow the anchor to be secured to the concrete surface with nails. The nails are inserted through the mounting holes and perpendicular to the front and rear surfaces of the base member. This arrangement allows the anchor to be oriented in any direction, which provides flexibility in installation.
The following is a more detailed description of the anchor of the present invention being described in conjunction with the drawings for a better understanding.
To better understand the anchor for post tensioned concrete reinforcement according to the invention, it is useful to examine specific difference between various embodiments of an anchor according to the invention and prior art post tension anchors.
A typical prior art post-tension anchor shown in
Referring to
As seen in
Referring to
The anchor (10) for post tensioned concrete reinforcement comprises reinforcing ribs (42) that extend radially outward from an exterior of the front tubular portion (24) on the said front surface (16) to facilitate the transfer of the load uniformly in all direction on concrete through base member (14). As seen in
The thickness of the base member (14) (forming the bearing surface (26)) may be reduced to 0.21 inches (5.33 mm) or less. It has been determined that the thickness of the base member (14) may be reduced as compared to the prior art structure from 0.23 inches (5.84 mm). When other dimensions are changed according to the invention, without substantially reducing the strength of the anchor (10). An advantage offered by reducing the thickness of the base member (14) is reduced overall weight of the anchor (10). As a result of the reduced raw material used in producing the square concrete anchor, the weight of each anchor (10) is reduced, which in turn results in savings in material and shipping costs. Importantly, these advantages are gained while maintaining structural integrity of the anchor.
The anchor (10) for post tensioned concrete reinforcement comprises four mounting holes (56) as seen in
The combined effect of the eight reinforcing ribs (42) that extend radially outward and four nails (58) for mounting is that the lateral expansion span of the base member (14) reduces significantly when compared with that of the base plate of conventional anchors for a similar load bearing capacity. This reduced area of the base member (14) along with orientation al flexibility offered by its square shape, increases the ease of packaging, storage and handling, thus contributing to further reduction of shipment and material handling cost.
Referring to
The anchor (10) for post tensioned concrete reinforcement may be formed from metal. Such as cast steel or ductile iron, by sand casting. As the accuracy of sand casting is limited, not all Surfaces or dimensions will be exact. Thus, when this description defines, refers to, or characterizes a Surface, edge, or component using a descriptive term including, but not limited to, parallel, collinear, or planar, such a relationship is fulfilled when it is as close to that condition as the casting method provides under normal operating conditions.
The anchor of the present invention can be used in a variety of applications, such as bridges, buildings, and other structures. The anchor is lightweight and compact, making it easy to install. It is also corrosion-resistant, which provides increased durability. The foregoing disclosure and description of the invention is illustrative and explanatory thereof. Various changes in the details of the illustrated construction can be made within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the true spirit of the invention. The present invention should only be limited by the following claims and their legal equivalents.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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202321051136 | Jul 2023 | IN | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/IN2023/050897 | 9/29/2023 | WO |