Anchor hangers

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 7552776
  • Patent Number
    7,552,776
  • Date Filed
    Thursday, October 13, 2005
    19 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, June 30, 2009
    15 years ago
Abstract
A method and an apparatus for forming casing in a borehole.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure relates to drilling a borehole in a subterranean formation, and more particularly to an apparatus and a method for making and using the apparatus, to form casing and/or repair casing in the borehole using expandable tubing.


Conventionally, when a wellbore is created, a number of casings are installed in the borehole to prevent collapse of the borehole wall and to prevent undesired outflow of drilling fluid into the formation or inflow of fluid from the formation into the borehole. The borehole is drilled in intervals whereby a casing which is to be installed in a lower borehole interval is lowered through a previously installed casing of an upper borehole interval. As a consequence of this procedure the casing of the lower interval is of smaller diameter than the casing of the upper interval. Thus, the casings are in a nested arrangement with casing diameters decreasing in downward direction. Cement annuli are provided between the outer surfaces of the casings and the borehole wall to seal the casings from the borehole wall. As a consequence of this nested arrangement a relatively large borehole diameter is required at the upper part of the wellbore. Such a large borehole diameter involves increased costs due to heavy casing handling equipment, large drill bits and increased volumes of drilling fluid and drill cuttings. Moreover, increased drilling rig time is involved due to required cement pumping, cement hardening, required equipment changes due to large variations in hole diameters drilled in the course of the well, and the large volume of cuttings drilled and removed.


The present invention is directed to overcoming one or more of the limitations of the existing procedures for forming wellbores.





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS


FIG. 1 is an illustration of a conventional method for drilling a borehole in a subterranean formation;



FIG. 2 is an illustration of a device for coupling an expandable tubular member to an existing tubular member;



FIG. 3 is an illustration of a hardenable fluidic sealing material being pumped down the device of FIG. 2;



FIG. 4 is an illustration of the expansion of an expandable tubular member using the expansion device of FIG. 2;



FIG. 5 is an illustration of the completion of the radial expansion and plastic deformation of an expandable tubular member;



FIG. 6 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of an expandable tubular member;



FIG. 7 is a flow chart illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a method of manufacturing an expandable tubular member;



FIGS. 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 are longitudinal cross sectional views of exemplary embodiments of the method of manufacturing an expandable tubular member of FIG. 7;



FIG. 13 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of an expansion device of FIG. 2;



FIG. 14 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of another exemplary embodiment of an expansion device of FIG. 2;



FIG. 15
a is a longitudinal cross sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of an expandable tubular member;



FIG. 15
b is a longitudinal cross sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a sealing member on the intermediate section of an expandable tubular member;



FIG. 15
c is a longitudinal cross sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a sealing member;



FIG. 16 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of another exemplary embodiment of an expandable tubular member;



FIG. 17 is a radial cross sectional view of the expandable tubular member of FIG. 16;



FIG. 18 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of another exemplary embodiment of an expandable tubular member;



FIG. 19 is a radial cross sectional view of the expandable tubular member of FIG. 18;



FIG. 20 is an illustration of an exemplary embodiment of the device of FIG. 2.





DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Referring initially to FIG. 1, a conventional device 100 for drilling a borehole 102 in a subterranean formation 104 is shown. The borehole 102 may be lined with casing 106 at the top portion of its length. An annulus 108 formed between the casing 106 and the formation 104 may be filled with a sealing material 110, such as, for example, cement. In an exemplary embodiment, the device 100 may be operated in a conventional manner to extend the length of the borehole 102 beyond the casing 106.


Referring now to FIG. 2, a device 200 for coupling an expandable tubular member 202 to an existing tubular member, such as, for example, the existing casing 106, is shown. The device 200 includes a shoe 206 that defines a centrally positioned valveable passage 206a adapted to receive, for example, a ball, plug or other similar device for closing the passage. An end of the shoe 206b is coupled to a lower tubular end 208a of a tubular launcher assembly 208 that includes the lower tubular end, an upper tubular end 208b, and a tapered tubular transition member 208c. The lower tubular end 208a of the tubular launcher assembly 208 has a greater inside diameter than the inside diameter of the upper tubular end 208b. The tapered tubular transition member 208c connects the lower tubular end 208a and the upper tubular end 208b. The upper tubular end 208b of the tubular launcher assembly 208 is coupled to an end of the expandable tubular member 202. One or more seals 210 are coupled to the outside surface of the other end of the expandable tubular member 202.


An expansion device 212 is centrally positioned within and mates with the tubular launcher assembly 208. The expansion device 212 defines a centrally positioned fluid pathway 212a, and includes a lower section 212b, a middle section 212c, and an upper section 212d. The lower section 212b of the expansion device 212 defines an inclined expansion surface 212ba that supports the tubular launcher assembly 208 by mating with the tapered tubular transition member 208c of the tubular launcher assembly. The upper section 212d of the expansion device 212 is coupled to an end of a tubular member 218 that defines a fluid pathway 218a. The fluid pathway 218a of the tubular member 218 is fluidicly coupled to the fluid pathway 212a defined by the expansion device 212. One or more spaced apart cup seals 220 and 222 are coupled to the outside surface of the tubular member 218 for sealing against the interior surface of the expandable tubular member 202. In an exemplary embodiment, cup seal 222 is positioned near a top end of the expandable tubular member 202. A top fluid valve 224 is coupled to the tubular member 218 above the cup seal 222 and defines a fluid pathway 226 that is fluidicly coupled to the fluid pathway 218a.


During operation of the device 200, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the device 200 is initially lowered into the borehole 102. In an exemplary embodiment, during the lowering of the device 200 into the borehole 102, a fluid 228 within the borehole 102 passes upwardly through the device 200 through the valveable passage 206a into the fluid pathway 212a and 218a and out of the device 200 through the fluid pathway 226 defined by the top fluid valve 224.


Referring now to FIG. 3, in an exemplary embodiment, a hardenable fluidic sealing material 300, such as, for example, cement, is then pumped down the fluid pathway 218a and 212a and out through the valveable passage 206a into the borehole 102 with the top fluid valve 224 in a closed position. The hardenable fluidic sealing material 300 thereby fills an annular space 302 between the borehole 102 and the outside diameter of the expandable tubular member 102.


Referring now to FIG. 4, a plug 402 is then injected with a fluidic material 404. The plug thereby fits into and closes the valveable passage 206a to further fluidic flow. Continued injection of the fluidic material 404 then pressurizes the chamber 406 defined by the shoe 206, the bottom of the expansion device 212, and the walls of the launcher assembly 208 and the expandable tubular member 202. Continued pressurization of the chamber 406 then displaces the expansion device 212 in an upward direction 408 relative to the expandable tubular member 202 thereby causing radial expansion and plastic deformation of the launcher assembly 208 and the expandable tubular member.


Referring now to FIG. 5, the radial expansion and plastic deformation of the expandable tubular member 202 is then complete and the expandable tubular member is coupled to the existing casing 106. The hardenable fluidic sealing material 300, such as, for example, cement fills the annulus 302 between the expandable tubular member 202 and the borehole 102. The device 200 has been withdrawn from the borehole and a conventional device 100 for drilling the borehole 102 may then be utilized to drill out the shoe 206 and continue drilling the borehole 102, if desired.


Referring now to FIG. 6, an exemplary embodiment of an expandable tubular member 600 defines a first tubular section 602 having a connection means on one end, such as, for example, female threads 604. One or more seals 606 are coupled to the outside surface of the first tubular section 602. An end of the first tubular section 602 is coupled to an intermediate tubular section 608 having a smaller inside diameter than the first tubular section by a first tapered tubular transition member 610. One or more seals 612 are coupled to the outside surface of the intermediate tubular section 608. The intermediate tubular section 608 is coupled to a second tubular section 614 having a greater inside diameter than the intermediate tubular section by a second tapered tubular transition member 616. The second tubular section 614 includes a connection means, such as, for example, male threads 618. One or more seals 620 are coupled to the outside surface of the second tubular section 614.


In an exemplary embodiment, the expandable tubular member 202 includes one or more of the expandable tubular members 600.


Referring now to FIG. 7, a method 700 of fabricating the expandable tubular member 600 is shown. In an initial step 702, as illustrated in FIG. 8, a first tubular end 802 and a second tubular end 804 of an expandable tubular member 800 are upset. The first tubular upset end 802 has a wall thickness t1 and the second tubular upset end 804 has a wall thickness t2. A non-expanded intermediate expandable tubular member 806 is formed between the two upset ends 802 and 804, having a wall thickness tINT and a diameter DINT.


Then, in steps 704 and 706, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the first tubular upset end 802 and the second tubular upset end 804 of the expandable tubular member 800 are radially expanded and stress relieved. The radially expanded end 802 defines an interior diameter D1 and wall thickness t1, the radially expanded end 804 defines an interior diameter D2 and wall thickness t2.


In step 708, as illustrated in FIG. 10, expandable threaded connections 808a and 808b are formed on the radially expanded ends 802 and 804, respectively.


In step 710, as illustrated in FIG. 11, a first protective member 810a is then applied to the outside diameter of the first tubular end 802 and a second protective member 810b is applied to the outside diameter of the second tubular end 804 of the expandable tubular member 800.


Finally, in step 712, as illustrated in FIG. 12, a sealing material 812 is then applied to the outside diameter of the non-expanded intermediate portion 806 of the expandable tubular member 800.


Referring now to FIG. 13, an expansion cone 900 defines an upper cone 902, a middle cone 904, and a lower tubular end 906. The upper cone 902 has a leading surface 908 and an outer inclined surface 910 that defines an angle α1. The middle cone 904 has an outer inclined surface 912 that defines an angle α2. In an exemplary embodiment, the angle α1 is greater than the angle α2. The outer inclined surfaces 910 and 912 together form the expansion surfaces 914 that upon displacement of the expansion cone 900 relative to the expandable tubular member 202, radially expand and plastically deform the expandable tubular member.


Referring now to FIG. 14, an exemplary embodiment of an expansion cone 1000 with an outside expansion surface 1002 defining a parabolic equation, is shown. The expansion cone 1000 has an upper expansion section 1004 and a lower tubular end 1006. The upper expansion section 1004 has a leading surface 1008 and the outside expansion surface 1008 defined by a parabolic equation.


Referring now to FIG. 15a, an exemplary embodiment of an expandable tubular member 1100 defines a first tubular section 1102 having an end of the first tubular section coupled to an intermediate tubular section 1104 having a smaller inside diameter than the first tubular section by a first tapered tubular transition member 1106. One or more seals 1108 are coupled to the outside surface of the intermediate tubular section 1104. The intermediate tubular section 1104 is coupled to a second tubular section 1110 having a greater inside diameter than the intermediate tubular section by a second tapered tubular transition member 1112.


Referring now to FIG. 15b, in an exemplary embodiment, a ring 1114 borders the top and bottom surfaces of the sealing member 1108. The ring 1114 fits into a groove 1116 defined on the outside surface of the intermediate tubular section 1104.


In an exemplary embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 15c, the seal 1108 includes a metal 1110 positioned between two elastomers 1112a and 1112b.


In an exemplary embodiment, the expandable tubular member 202 includes one or more of the expandable tubular members 600 and 1100.


Referring now to FIGS. 16 and 17, an exemplary embodiment of an expandable tubular member 1200 defines a first tubular section 1202 having an end of the first tubular section coupled to an intermediate tubular section 1204 having a smaller inside diameter than the first tubular section by a first tapered tubular transition member 1206. The intermediate tubular section 1204 includes circumferential spaced apart radial projections 1208. In an exemplary embodiment, the circumferentially spaced apart radial projections 1208 define equally circumferentially spaced apart radial projections of approximately equal size. The intermediate tubular section 1204 is coupled to a second tubular section 1210 having a greater inside diameter than the intermediate tubular section by a second tapered tubular transition member 1212.


In an exemplary embodiment, the expandable tubular member 202 includes one or more of the expandable tubular members 600, 1100 and 1200.


Referring now to FIGS. 18 and 19, an exemplary embodiment of an expandable tubular member 1300 defines a first tubular section 1302 having an end of the first tubular section coupled to an intermediate tubular section 1304 having a smaller inside diameter than the first tubular section by a first tapered tubular transition member 1306. The intermediate tubular section 1304 includes circumferential spaced apart radial projections 1308. In an exemplary embodiment, the circumferentially spaced apart radial projections 1304 define equally circumferentially spaced apart radial projections of approximately equal size. One or more sealing members 1310 are applied to the outside surface of the circumferentially spaced apart radial projections 1308. The intermediate tubular section 1304 is coupled to a second tubular section 1310 having a greater inside diameter than the intermediate tubular section by a second tapered tubular transition member 1312.


In an exemplary embodiment, the expandable tubular member 202 includes one or more of the expandable tubular members 600, 1100, 1200, and 1300.


Referring now to FIG. 20, an alternative embodiment of the device 200 in which the upper end 208c and transition member 208b of the tubular launcher assembly 208 have a decreased wall thickness, is shown.


In an exemplary embodiment, the expandable tubular member 202 includes one or more of the expandable tubular members 600,1100, 1200, and 1300. In an exemplary embodiment, the device 200 includes one or more of the expandable tubular members 600,1100,1200, and 1300 and one or more of the expansion cones 900 and 1000.


An expandable tubular member has been described that includes a first tubular section with a first outer diameter; an intermediate tubular section with an intermediate outer diameter coupled to the first tubular section; and a second tubular section with a second outer diameter coupled to the intermediate tubular section; wherein the first and second outer diameters are greater than the intermediate outer diameter. The outer surface of the first tubular section includes a first sealing member; and the outer surface of the second tubular section includes a second sealing member. The outer surface of the intermediate tubular section also includes a sealing member. The sealing member may be either an elastomer, a metal, or a metal positioned between two elastomers.


An expandable tubular member has been described that includes a first tubular section with a first outer diameter; an intermediate tubular section with an intermediate outer diameter coupled to the first tubular section; and a second tubular section with a second outer diameter coupled to the intermediate tubular section; wherein the first and second outer diameters are greater than the intermediate outer diameter. The outer surface of the first tubular section includes a first sealing member; and the outer surface of the second tubular section includes a second sealing member. The intermediate tubular section includes circumferentially spaced apart radial projections. The circumferentially spaced apart radial projections include a sealing member. The sealing member may be either an elastomer or a metal.


An apparatus has been described that includes a tubular member formed by the process of radially expanding an unexpanded tubular member into contact with an approximately cylindrical passage using an expansion device, the unexpanded tubular member includes a first tubular section with a first outer diameter; an intermediate tubular section with an intermediate outer diameter coupled to the first tubular section; and a second tubular section with a second outer diameter coupled to the intermediate tubular section; wherein the first and second outer diameters are greater than the intermediate outer diameter. The outer surface of the first tubular section includes a first sealing member; and the outer surface of the second tubular section includes a second sealing member. The outer surface of the intermediate tubular section also includes a sealing member. The sealing member may be either an elastomer, a metal, or a metal positioned between two elastomers.


An apparatus has been described that includes a tubular member formed by the process of radially expanding an unexpanded tubular member into contact with an approximately cylindrical passage using an expansion device, the unexpanded tubular member includes a first tubular section with a first outer diameter; an intermediate tubular section with an intermediate outer diameter coupled to the first tubular section; and a second tubular section with a second outer diameter coupled to the intermediate tubular section; wherein the first and second outer diameters are greater than the intermediate outer diameter. The outer surface of the first tubular section includes a first sealing member; and the outer surface of the second tubular section includes a second sealing member. The intermediate tubular section includes circumferentially spaced apart radial projections. The circumferentially spaced apart radial projections include a sealing member. The sealing member may be either an elastomer or a metal.


An expansion device for radially expanding a tubular member has been described that includes a first outer surface comprising a first angle of attack; a second outer surface coupled to the first outer surface comprising a second angle of attack; wherein the first angle of attack is greater than the second angle of attack; wherein the first angle of attack ranges from about 8 to 20 degrees; and wherein the second angle of attack ranges from about 4 to 15 degrees; and a rear end coupled to the second outer surface.


An expansion device for radially expanding a tubular member has been described that includes a first outer surface comprising a first angle of attack; a second outer surface coupled to the first outer surface comprising a second angle of attack; wherein the first angle of attack is greater than the second angle of attack; and wherein the angle of attack of the outer surfaces is defined by a parabolic equation.


A method of fabricating an expandable tubular member has been described that includes providing a tubular member that includes a first end, a second end, and an intermediate portion; upsetting the first end and the second end of the tubular member; radially expanding the first end and the second end of the tubular member; forming threaded connections on the first and second radially expanded ends of the tubular member; relieving stress in the first and second radially expanded ends of the tubular member; applying a first protective member to the outside diameter of the first end of the tubular member; applying a second protective member to the outside diameter of the second end of the tubular member; and applying a sealing member to the outside diameter of the intermediate portion of the tubular member; wherein the sealing member may be either an elastomer or a metal.


A method of fabricating an expandable tubular member has been described that includes providing a tubular member that includes a first end, a second end, and an intermediate portion; upsetting the first end and the second end of the tubular member; radially expanding the first end and the second end of the tubular member; forming threaded connections on the first and second radially expanded ends of the tubular member; relieving stress in the first and second radially expanded ends of the tubular member; applying a first protective member to the outside diameter of the first end of the tubular member; applying a second protective member to the outside diameter of the second end of the tubular member; forming circumferentially spaced apart radial projections on the intermediate tubular section; and applying a sealing member to the exterior of the projections; wherein the sealing member may be either an elastomer or a metal.


A method of coupling a tubular member to an existing tubular member in a borehole located in a subterranean formation has been described that includes installing a tubular liner and an expansion device in the borehole; overlapping the tubular liner with an existing tubular member; injecting fluidic material into the borehole; pressurizing a portion of an interior region of the tubular liner; radially expanding at least a portion of the liner in the borehole by extruding at least a portion of the liner off of the expansion device; wherein the tubular member includes a first tubular section with a first outer diameter; an intermediate tubular section with an intermediate outer diameter coupled to the first tubular section; and a second tubular section with a second outer diameter coupled to the intermediate tubular section; wherein the first and second outer diameters are greater than the intermediate outer diameter. The outer surface of the first tubular section includes a first sealing member; and the outer surface of the second tubular section includes a second sealing member. The outer surface of the intermediate tubular section also includes a sealing member. The sealing member may be either an elastomer, a metal, or a metal positioned between two elastomers.


A method of coupling a tubular member to an existing tubular member in a borehole located in a subterranean formation has been described that includes installing a tubular liner and an expansion device in the borehole; overlapping the tubular liner with an existing tubular member; injecting fluidic material into the borehole; pressurizing a portion of an interior region of the tubular liner; radially expanding at least a portion of the liner in the borehole by extruding at least a portion of the liner off of the expansion device; wherein the tubular member includes a first tubular section with a first outer diameter; an intermediate tubular section with an intermediate outer diameter coupled to the first tubular section; and a second tubular section with a second outer diameter coupled to the intermediate tubular section; wherein the first and second outer diameters are greater than the intermediate outer diameter. The outer surface of the first tubular section includes a first sealing member; and the outer surface of the second tubular section includes a second sealing member. The intermediate tubular section includes circumferentially spaced apart radial projections. The circumferentially spaced apart radial projections include a sealing member. The sealing member may be either an elastomer or a metal.


A system of coupling a tubular member to an existing tubular member in a borehole located in a subterranean formation has been described that includes a means for installing a tubular liner and an expansion device in the borehole; a means for overlapping the tubular liner with an existing tubular member; a means for injecting fluidic material into the borehole; a means for pressurizing a portion of an interior region of the tubular liner; a means for radially expanding at least a portion of the liner in the borehole by extruding at least a portion of the liner off of the expansion device; wherein the tubular member includes a first tubular section with a first outer diameter; an intermediate tubular section with an intermediate outer diameter coupled to the first tubular section; and a second tubular section with a second outer diameter coupled to the intermediate tubular section; wherein the first and second outer diameters are greater than the intermediate outer diameter; and wherein the outer surface of the intermediate diameter section comprises a sealing member; the sealing member comprising an elastomer.


A system of coupling a tubular member to an existing tubular member in a borehole located in a subterranean formation has been described that includes a means for installing a tubular liner and an expansion device in the borehole; a means for overlapping the tubular liner with an existing tubular member; a means for injecting fluidic material into the borehole; a means for pressurizing a portion of an interior region of the tubular liner; a means for radially expanding at least a portion of the liner in the borehole by extruding at least a portion of the liner off of the expansion device; wherein the tubular member includes a first tubular section with a first outer diameter; an intermediate tubular section with an intermediate outer diameter coupled to the first tubular section; and a second tubular section with a second outer diameter coupled to the intermediate tubular section with a second outer diameter; wherein the first and second outer diameters are greater than the intermediate outer diameter; wherein the intermediate tubular section comprises circumferentially spaced apart radial projections; and wherein the projections comprise a sealing member; and the sealing member comprises an elastomer.


Although illustrative embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, a wide range of modification, changes and substitution is contemplated in the foregoing disclosure. In some instances, some features of the present invention may be employed without a corresponding use of the other features, and some steps of the present invention may be executed without a corresponding execution of other steps. Accordingly, all such modifications, changes and substitutions are intended to be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the following claims, and it is appropriate that the claims be construed broadly and in a manner consistent with the scope of the invention. In the claims, means-plus-function clauses are intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents, but also equivalent structures.

Claims
  • 1. A method of coupling a tubular member to an existing tubular member in a borehole located in a subterranean formation comprising: installing a tubular liner and an expansion device in the borehole;overlapping the tubular liner with an existing tubular member;injecting fluidic material into the borehole;pressurizing a portion of an interior region of the tubular liner;radially expanding at least a portion of the liner in the borehole by extruding at least a portion of the liner off of the expansion device and into engagement with the existing tubular member;wherein the tubular member comprises: a first tubular section comprising a first outer diameter;an intermediate tubular section coupled to the first tubular section comprising an intermediate outer diameter; anda second tubular section comprising a second outer diameter coupled to the intermediate tubular section comprising a second outer diameter;wherein the first and second outer diameters are greater than the intermediate outer diameter; andwherein an outer surface of the intermediate tubular section comprises a sealing member comprising a first annular layer comprising an elastomer coupled to the outside surface of the intermediate tubular section and a second annular layer comprising a metal coupled to the outside surface of the first annular layer.
  • 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sealing member further comprises a third annular layer comprising an elastomer coupled to the outside surface of the second annular layer.
  • 3. method of coupling a tubular member to an existing tubular member in a borehole located in a subterranean formation comprising: installing a tubular liner and an expansion device in the borehole;overlapping the tubular liner with an existing tubular member;injecting fluidic material into the borehole;pressurizing a portion of an interior region of the tubular liner;radially expanding at least a portion of the liner in the borehole by extruding at least a portion of the liner off of the expansion device and into engagement wit the existing tubular member;wherein the tubular member comprises:a first tubular section comprising a first outer diameter;an intermediate tubular section comprising an intermediate outer diameter coupled to the first tubular section; anda second tubular section comprising a second outer diameter coupled to the intermediate tubular section;wherein the first and second outer diameters are greater than the intermediate outer diameter; andwherein the outer surface of the intermediate diameter section comprises a sealing member; the sealing member comprising a first annular layer comprising an elastomer coupled to the outside surface of the intermediate diameter section and a second annular layer comprising a metal coupled to the outside surface of the first annular layer.
  • 4. A system for coupling a tubular member to an existing tubular member in a borehole located in a subterranean formation comprising: means for installing a tubular liner and an expansion device in the borehole;means for overlapping the tubular liner with an existing tubular member;means for injecting fluidic material into the borehole;means for pressurizing a portion of an interior region of the tubular liner;means for radially expanding at least a portion of the liner in the borehole by extruding at least a portion of the liner off of the expansion device and into engagement with the existing tubular member;wherein the tubular member comprises:a first tubular section comprising a first outer diameter;an intermediate tubular section coupled to the first tubular section comprising an intermediate outer diameter; anda second tubular section comprising a second outer diameter coupled to the intermediate tubular section comprising a second outer diameter;wherein the first and second outer diameters are greater than the intermediate outer diameter.
  • 5. The system according to claim 4, wherein an outer surface of the intermediate tubular section comprises a sealing member.
  • 6. The system according to claim 5, wherein the sealing member comprises an elastomer.
  • 7. The system according to claim 5, wherein the sealing member comprises a metal.
  • 8. A system for coupling a tubular member to an existing tubular member in a borehole located in a subterranean formation comprising: means for installing a tubular liner and an expansion device in the borehole;means for overlapping the tubular liner with an existing tubular member;means for injecting fluidic material into the borehole;means for pressurizing a portion of an interior region of the tubular liner;means for radially expanding at least a portion of the liner in the borehole by extruding at least a portion of the liner off of the expansion device and into engagement with the existing tubular member;wherein the tubular member comprises:a first tubular section comprising a first outer diameter;an intermediate tubular section coupled to the first tubular section comprising an intermediate outer diameter; anda second tubular section comprising a second outer diameter coupled to the intermediate tubular section comprising a second outer diameter;wherein the first and second outer diameters are greater than the intermediate outer diameter;wherein an outer surface of the intermediate tubular section comprises a sealing member; andwherein the sealing member comprises an elastomer bordered on its upper and lower edges by a metal ring.
  • 9. A system for coupling a tubular member to an existing tubular member in a borehole located in a subterranean formation comprising: means for installing a tubular liner and an expansion device in the borehole;means for overlapping the tubular liner with an existing tubular member;means for injecting fluidic material into the borehole;means for pressurizing a portion of an interior region of the tubular liner;means for radially expanding at least a portion of the liner in the borehole by extruding at least a portion of the liner off of the expansion device and into engagement with the existing tubular member;wherein the tubular member comprises:a first tubular section comprising a first outer diameter;an intermediate tubular section coupled to the first tubular section comprising an intermediate outer diameter; anda second tubular section comprising a second outer diameter coupled to the intermediate tubular section comprising a second outer diameter;wherein the first and second outer diameters are greater than the intermediate outer diameter;wherein an outer surface of the intermediate tubular section comprises a sealing member; andwherein the sealing member comprises a metal positioned between two elastomers.
  • 10. A system of coupling a tubular member to an existing tubular member in a borehole located in a subterranean formation comprising: means for installing a tubular liner and an expansion device in the borehole;means for overlapping the tubular liner with an existing tubular member;means for injecting fluidic material into the borehole;means for pressurizing a portion of an interior region of the tubular liner;means for radially expanding at least a portion of the liner in the borehole by extruding at least a portion of the liner off of the expansion device and into engagement with the existing tubular member;wherein the tubular member comprises:a first tubular section comprising a first outer diameter;an intermediate tubular section comprising an intermediate outer diameter coupled to the first tubular section; and a second tubular section comprising a second outer diameter coupled to the intermediate tubular section;wherein the first and second outer diameters are greater than the intermediate outer diameter;wherein the outer surface of the intermediate diameter section comprises a sealing member; andwherein the sealing member comprises an elastomer.
  • 11. A method of coupling a tubular member to an existing tubular member in a borehole located in a subterranean formation comprising: installing a tubular liner and an expansion device in the borehole;overlapping the tubular liner with an existing tubular member;injecting fluidic material into the borehole;pressurizing a portion of an interior region of the tubular liner;radially expanding at least a portion of the liner in the borehole by extruding at least a portion of the liner off of the expansion device and into engagement with the existing tubular member;wherein the expansion device comprises:a first outer surface comprising a first angle of attack;wherein the first angle of attack ranges from about 8 to 20 degrees;a second outer surface coupled to the first outer surface comprising a second angle of attack;wherein the second angle of attack ranges from about 4 to 15 degrees;wherein the first angle of attack is greater than the second angle of attack; anda rear end coupled to the second outer surface;wherein the tubular member comprises:a first tubular section comprising a first outer diameter;an intermediate tubular section comprising an intermediate outer diameter coupled to the first tubular section; anda second tubular section comprising a second outer diameter coupled to the intermediate tubular section;wherein the first and second outer diameters are greater than the intermediate outer diameter; andwherein the outer surface of the intermediate diameter section comprises a sealing member;the sealing member comprising an elastomer.
  • 12. A method of coupling a tubular member to an existing tubular member in a borehole located in a subterranean formation comprising: installing a tubular liner and an expansion device in the borehole;overlapping the tubular liner with an existing tubular member;injecting fluidic material into the borehole;pressurizing a portion of an interior region of the tubular liner;radially expanding at least a portion of the liner in the borehole by extruding at least a portion of the liner off of the expansion device and into engagement with the existing tubular member;wherein the expansion device comprises: a first outer surface comprising a first angle of attack;a second outer surface coupled to the first outer surface comprising a second angle of attack;wherein the first angle of attack is greater than the second angle of attack; andfurther comprising one or more intermediate outer surfaces coupled between the first and second outer surfaces;wherein the angle of attack of the intermediate outer surfaces continually decreases from the first outer surface to the second outer surface;wherein the angle of attack of the outer surfaces is defined by a parabolic equation;wherein the tubular member comprises:a first tubular section comprising a first outer diameter;an intermediate tubular section comprising an intermediate outer diameter coupled to the first tubular section; anda second tubular section comprising a second outer diameter coupled to the intermediate tubular section;wherein the first and second outer diameters are greater than the intermediate outer diameter; andwherein the outer surface of the intermediate diameter section comprises a sealing member; the sealing member comprising an elastomer.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/030,593, filed on Jan. 8, 2002, which was the National Stage for PCT application serial number PCT/US00/18635, filed on Jul. 7, 2000, which claimed the benefit of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/137,998, filed on Jun. 7, 1999, which was a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/588,946, filed on Jun. 7, 2000, which claimed the benefit of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/137,998, filed on Jun. 7, 1999, which was a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/559,122, filed on Apr. 26, 2000, which claimed the benefit of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/131,106, filed on Apr. 26, 1999, which was a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/523,460, which claimed the benefit of the filing date of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/124,042, filed on Mar. 11, 1999, which was a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/510,913, which claimed the benefit of the filing date of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/121,702, filed on Feb. 25, 1999, which was a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/502,350, filed on Feb. 10, 2000, which claimed the benefit of the filing date of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/119,611, filed on Feb. 11, 1999, which was a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/454,139, filed on Dec. 3, 1999, which claimed the benefit of the filing date of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/111,293, filed on Dec. 7, 1998. This application is related to the following co-pending applications: (1) U.S. Pat. No. 6,497,289, which was filed as U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/454,139, filed on Dec. 3, 1999, which claims priority from provisional application 60/111,293, filed on Dec. 7, 1998, (2) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/510,913, filed on Feb. 23, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/121,702, filed on Feb. 25, 1999, (3) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/502,350, filed on Feb. 10, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/119,611, filed on Feb. 11, 1999, (4) U.S. Pat. No. 6,328,113, which was filed as U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/440,338, filed on Nov. 15, 1999, which claims priority from provisional application 60/108,558, filed on Nov. 16, 1998, (5) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/169,434, filed on Jul. 1, 2002, which claims priority from provisional application 60/183,546, filed on Feb. 18, 2000, (6) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/523,468, filed on Mar. 10, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/124,042, filed on Mar. 11, 1999, (7) U.S. Pat. No. 6,568,471, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/512,895, filed on Feb. 24, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/121,841, filed on Feb. 26, 1999, (8) U.S. Pat. No. 6,575,240, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/511,941, filed on Feb. 24, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/121,907, filed on Feb. 26, 1999, (9) U.S. Pat. No. 6,557,640, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/588,946, filed on Jun. 7, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/137,998, filed on Jun. 7, 1999, (10) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/981,916, filed on Oct. 18, 2001 as a continuation-in-part application of U.S. Pat. No. 6,328,113, which was filed as U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/440,338, filed on Nov. 15, 1999, which claims priority from provisional application 60/108,558, filed on Nov. 16, 1998, (11) U.S. Pat. No. 6,604,763, which was filed as application Ser. No. 09/559,122, filed on Apr. 26, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/131,106, filed on Apr. 26, 1999, (12) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/030,593, filed on Jan. 8, 2002, which claims priority from provisional application 60/146,203, filed on Jul. 29, 1999, (13) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/143,039, filed on Jul. 9, 1999, (14) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/111,982, filed on Apr. 30, 2002, which claims priority from provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/162,671, filed on Nov. 1, 1999, (15) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/154,047, filed on Sep. 16, 1999, (16) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/438,828, filed on Jan. 9, 2003, (17) U.S. Pat. No. 6,564,875, which was filed as application Ser. No. 09/679,907, on Oct. 5, 2000, which claims priority from provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/159,082, filed on Oct. 12, 1999, (18) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/089,419, filed on Mar. 27, 2002, which claims priority from provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/159,039, filed on Oct. 12, 1999, (19) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/679,906, filed on Oct. 5, 2000, which claims priority from provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/159,033, filed on Oct. 12, 1999, (20) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/303,992, filed on Nov. 22, 2002, which claims priority from provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/212,359,filed on Jun. 19, 2000, (21) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/165,228, filed on Nov. 12, 1999, (22) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/455,051, filed on Mar. 14, 2003, (23) PCT application US02/2477, filed on Jun. 26, 2002, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/303,711, filed on Jul. 6, 2001, (24) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/311,412, filed on Dec. 12, 2002, which claims priority from provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/221,443, filed on Jul. 28, 2000, (25) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/322,947, filed on Dec. 18, 2002, claims priority from provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/221,645, filed on Jul. 28, 2000, (26) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/322,947, filed on Jan. 22, 2003, which claims priority from provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/233,638, filed on Sep. 18, 2000, (27) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/406,648, filed on Mar. 31, 2003, which claims priority from provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/237,334, filed on Oct. 2, 2000, (28) PCT application US02/04353, filed on Feb. 14, 2002, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/270,007, filed on Feb. 20, 2001, (29) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/465,835, filed on Jun. 13, 2003, which claims priority from provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/262,434, filed on Jan. 17, 2001, (30) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/465,831, filed on Jun. 13, 2003, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/259,486, filed on Jan. 3, 2001, (31) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/452,303, filed on Mar. 5, 2003, (32) U.S. Pat. No. 6,470,966, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/850,093, filed on May 7, 2001, as a divisional application of U.S. Pat. No. 6,497,289, which was filed as U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/454,139, filed on Dec. 3, 1999, which claims priority from provisional application 60/111,293, filed on Dec. 7, 1998, (33) U.S. Pat. No. 6,561,227, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/852,026, filed on May 9, 2001, as a divisional application of U.S. Pat. No. 6,497,289, which was filed as U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/454,139, filed on Dec. 3, 1999, which claims priority from provisional application 60/111,293, filed on Dec. 7, 1998, (34) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/852,027, filed on May 9, 2001, as a divisional application of U.S. Pat. No. 6,497,289, which was filed as U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/454,139, filed on Dec. 3, 1999, which claims priority from provisional application 60/111,293, filed on Dec. 7, 1998, (35) PCT Application US02/25608, filed on Aug. 13, 2002, which claims priority from provisional application 60/318,021, filed on Sep. 7, 2001, (36) PCT Application US02/24399, filed on Aug. 1, 2002, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/313,453, filed on Aug. 20, 2001, (37) PCT Application US02/29856, filed on Sep. 19, 2002, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/326,886, filed on Oct. 3, 2001, (38) PCT Application US02/20256, filed on Jun. 26, 2002, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/303,740, filed on Jul. 6, 2001, (39) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/962,469, filed on Sep. 25, 2001, which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/523,468, filed on Mar. 10, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/124,042, filed on Mar. 11, 1999, (40) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/962,470, filed on Sep. 25, 2001, which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/523,468, filed on Mar. 10, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/124,042, filed on Mar. 11, 1999, (41) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/962,471, filed on Sep. 25, 2001, which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/523,468, filed on Mar. 10, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/124,042, filed on Mar. 11, 1999, (42) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/962,467, filed on Sep. 25, 2001, which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/523,468, filed on Mar. 10, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/124,042, filed on Mar. 11, 1999, (43) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/962,468, filed on Sep. 25, 2001, which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/523,468, filed on Mar. 10, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/124,042, filed on Mar. 11, 1999, (44) PCT application US 02/25727, filed on Aug. 14, 2002, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/317,985, filed on Sep. 6, 2001, and U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/318,386, filed on Sep. 10, 2001, (45) PCT application US 02/39425, filed on Dec. 10, 2002, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/343,674, filed on Dec. 27, 2001, (46) U.S. utility patent application Ser. No. 09/969,922, filed on Oct. 3, 2001, which is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. Pat. No. 6,328,113, which was filed as U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/440,338, filed on Nov. 15, 1999, which claims priority from provisional application 60/108,558, filed on Nov. 16, 1998, (47) U.S. utility patent application Ser. No. 10/516,467, filed on Dec. 10, 2001, which is a continuation application of U.S. utility patent application Ser. No. 09/969,922, filed on Oct. 3, 2001, which is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. Pat. No. 6,328,113, which was filed as U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/440,338, filed on Nov. 15, 1999, which claims priority from provisional application 60/108,558, filed on Nov. 16, 1998, (48) PCT application US 03/00609, filed on Jan. 9, 2003, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/357,372, filed on Feb. 15, 2002, (49) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/074,703, filed on Feb. 12, 2002, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 6,568,471, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/512,895, filed on Feb. 24, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/121,841, filed on Feb. 26, 1999, (50) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/074,244, filed on Feb. 12, 2002, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 6,568,471, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/512,895, filed on Feb. 24, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/121,841, filed on Feb. 26, 1999, (51) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/076,660, filed on Feb. 15, 2002, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 6,568,471, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/512,895, filed on Feb. 24, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/121,841, filed on Feb. 26, 1999, (52) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/076,661, filed on Feb. 15, 2002, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 6,568,471, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/512,895, filed on Feb. 24, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/121,841, filed on Feb. 26, 1999, (53) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/076,659, filed on Feb. 15, 2002, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 6,568,471, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/512,895, filed on Feb. 24, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/121,841, filed on Feb. 26, 1999, (54) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/078,928, filed on Feb. 20, 2002, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 6,568,471, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/512,895, filed on Feb. 24, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/121,841, filed on Feb. 26, 1999, (55) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/078,922, filed on Feb. 20, 2002, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 6,568,471, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/512,895, filed on Feb. 24, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/121,841, filed on Feb. 26, 1999, (56) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/078,921, filed on Feb. 20, 2002, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 6,568,471, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/512,895, filed on Feb. 24, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/121,841, filed on Feb. 26, 1999, (57) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/261,928, filed on Oct. 1, 2002, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 6,557,640, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/588,946, filed on Jun. 7, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/137,998, filed on Jun. 7, 1999, (58) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/079,276, filed on Feb. 20, 2002, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 6,568,471, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/512,895, filed on Feb. 24, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/121,841, filed on Feb. 26, 1999, (59) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/262,009, filed on Oct. 1, 2002, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 6,557,640, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/588,946, filed on Jun. 7, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/137,998, filed on Jun. 7, 1999, (60) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/092,481, filed on Mar. 7, 2002, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 6,568,471, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/512,895, filed on Feb. 24, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/121,841, filed on Feb. 26, 1999, (61) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/261,926, filed on Oct. 1, 2002, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 6,557,640, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/588,946, filed on Jun. 7, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/137,998, filed on Jun. 7, 1999, (62) PCT application US 02/36157, filed on Nov. 12, 2002, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/338,996, filed on Nov. 12, 2001, (63) PCT application US 02/36267, filed on Nov. 12, 2002, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/339,013, filed on Nov. 12, 2001, (64) PCT application US 03/11765, filed on Apr. 16, 2003, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/383,917, filed on May 29, 2002, (65) PCT application US 03/15020, filed on May 12, 2003, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/391,703, filed on Jun. 26, 2002, (66) PCT application US 02/39418, filed on Dec. 10, 2002, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/346,309, filed on Jan. 7, 2002, (67) PCT application US 03/06544, filed on Mar. 4, 2003, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/372,048, filed on Apr. 12, 2002, (68) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/331,718, filed on Dec. 30, 2002, which is a divisional U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/679,906, filed on Oct. 5, 2000, which claims priority from provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/159,033, filed on Oct. 12, 1999, (69) PCT application US 03/04837, filed on Feb. 29, 2003, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/363,829, filed on Mar. 13, 2002, (70) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/261,927, filed on Oct. 1, 2002, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 6,557,640, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/588,946, filed on Jun. 7, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/137,998, filed on Jun. 7, 1999, (71) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/262,008, filed on Oct. 1, 2002, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 6,557,640, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/588,946, filed on Jun. 7, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/137,998, filed on Jun. 7, 1999, (72) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/261,925, filed on Oct. 1, 2002, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 6,557,640, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/588,946, filed on Jun. 7, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/137,998, filed on Jun. 7, 1999, (73) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/199,524, filed on Jul. 19, 2002, which is a continuation of U.S. Pat. No. 6,497,289, which was filed as U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/454,139, filed on Dec. 3, 1999, which claims priority from provisional application 60/111,293, filed on Dec. 7, 1998, (74) PCT application US 03/10144, filed on Mar. 28, 2003, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/372,632, filed on Apr. 15, 2002, (75) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/412,542, filed on Sep. 20, 2002, (76) PCT application US 03/14153, filed on May 6, 2003, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/380,147, filed on May 6, 2002, (77) PCT application US 03/19993, filed on Jun. 24, 2003, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/397,284, filed on Jul. 19, 2002, (78) PCT application US 03/13787, filed on May 5, 2003, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/387,486, filed on Jun. 10, 2002, (79) PCT application US 03/18530, filed on Jun. 11, 2003, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/387,961, filed on Jun. 12, 2002, (80) PCT application US 03/20694, filed on Jul. 1, 2003, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/398,061, filed on Jul. 24, 2002, (81) PCT application US 03/20870, filed on Jul. 2, 2003, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/399,240, filed on Jul. 29, 2002, (82) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/412,487, filed on Sep. 20, 2002, (83) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/412,488, filed on Sep. 20, 2002, (84) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/280,356, filed on Oct. 25, 2002, which is a continuation of U.S. Pat. No. 6,470,966, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/850,093, filed on May 7, 2001, as a divisional application of U.S. Pat. No. 6,497,289, which was filed as U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/454,139, filed on Dec. 3, 1999, which claims priority from provisional application 60/111,293, filed on Dec. 7, 1998, (85) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/412,177, filed on Sep. 20, 2002, (86) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/412,653, filed on Sep. 20, 2002, (87) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/405,610, filed on Aug. 23, 2002, (88) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/405,394, filed on Aug. 23, 2002, (89) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/412,544, filed on Sep. 20, 2002, (90) PCT application US 03/24779, filed on Aug. 8, 2003, which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/407,442, filed on Aug. 30, 2002, (91) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/423,363, filed on Dec. 10, 2002, (92) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/412,196, filed on Sep. 20, 2002, (93) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/412,187, filed on Sep. 20, 2002, (94) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/412,371, filed on Sep. 20, 2002, (95) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/382,325, filed on Mar. 5, 2003, which is a continuation of U.S. Pat. No. 6,557,640, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/588,946, filed on Jun. 7, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/137,998, filed on Jun. 7, 1999, (96) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/624,842, filed on Jul. 22, 2003, which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/502,350, filed on Feb. 10, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/119,611, filed on Feb. 11, 1999, (97) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/431,184, filed on Dec. 5, 2002, (98) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/448,526, filed on Feb. 18, 2003, (99) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/461,539, filed on Apr. 9, 2003, (100) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/462,750, filed on Apr. 14, 2003, (101) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/436,106, filed on Dec. 23, 2002, (102) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/442,942, filed on Jan. 27, 2003, (103) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/442,938, filed on Jan. 27, 2003, (104) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/418,687, filed on Apr. 18, 2003, (105) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/454,896, filed on Mar. 14, 2003, (106) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/450,504, filed on Feb. 26, 2003, (107) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/451,152, filed on Mar. 9, 2003, (108) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/455,124, filed on Mar. 17, 2003, (109) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/453,678, filed on Mar. 11, 2003, (110) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/421,682, filed on Apr. 23, 2003, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/523,468, filed on Mar. 10, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/124,042, filed on Mar. 11, 1999, (111) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/457,965, filed on Mar. 27, 2003, (112) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/455,718, filed on Mar. 18, 2003, (113) U.S. Pat. No. 6,550,821, which was filed as patent application Ser. No. 09/811,734, filed on Mar. 19, 2001, (114) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/436,467, filed on May 12, 2003, which is a continuation of U.S. Pat. No. 6,604,763, which was filed as application Ser. No. 09/559,122, filed on Apr. 26, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/131,106, filed on Apr. 26, 1999, (115) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/459,776, filed on Apr. 2, 2003, (116) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/461,094, filed on Apr. 8, 2003, (117) U.S. provisional patent application serial No. 60/461,038, filed on Apr. 7, 2003, (118) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/463,586, filed on Apr. 17, 2003, (119) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/472,240, filed on May 20, 2003, (120) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/619,285, filed on Jul. 14, 2003, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. utility patent application Ser. No. 09/969,922, filed on Oct. 3, 2001, which is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. Pat. No. 6,328,113, which was filed as U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/440,338, filed on Nov. 15, 1999, which claims priority from provisional application 60/108,558, filed on Nov. 16, 1998, (121) U.S. utility patent application Ser. No. 10/418,688, which was filed on Apr. 18, 2003, as a division of U.S. utility patent application Ser. No. 09/523,468, filed on Mar. 10, 2000, which claims priority from provisional application 60/124,042, filed on Mar. 11, 1999, (122) PCT patent application serial no. PCT/US2004/06246, filed on Feb. 26, 2004, (123) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2004/08170, filed on Mar. 15, 2004, (124) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2004/08171, filed on Mar. 15, 2004, (125) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2004/08073, filed on Mar. 18, 2004, (126) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2004/07711, filed on Mar. 11, 2004, (127) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2004/029025, filed on Mar. 26, 2004, (128) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2004/010317, filed on Apr. 2, 2004, (129) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2004/010712, filed on Apr. 6, 2004, (130) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2004/010762, filed on Apr. 6, 2004, (131) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2004/011973, filed on Apr. 15, 2004, (132) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/495,056, filed on Aug. 14, 2003, (133) U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/600,679, filed on Aug. 11, 2004, (134) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2005/027318, filed on Jul. 29, 2005, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. (135) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2005/028936, filed on Aug. 12, 2005, (136) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2005/028669, filed on Aug. 11, 2005, (137) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2005/028453, filed on Aug. 11, 2005, (138) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2005/028641, filed on Aug. 11, 2005, (139) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2005/028819, filed on Aug. 11, 2005, (140) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2005/028446, filed on Aug. 11, 2005, (141) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2005/028642, filed on Aug. 11, 2005, (142) PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2005/028451, filed on Aug. 11, 2005, and (143). PCT patent application serial number PCT/US2005/028473, filed on Jul. 29, 2005, (144) U.S. National Stage application Ser. No. 10/546,084, filed on Aug. 17, 2005; (145) U.S. National Stage application Ser. No. 10/546,082, filed on Aug. 17, 2005; (146) U.S. National Stage application Ser. No. 10/546,076, filed on Aug. 17, 2005; (147) U.S. National Stage application Ser. No. 10/546,936, filed on Aug. 17, 2005; (148) U.S. National Stage application Ser. No. 10/546,079, filed on Aug. 17, 2005; (149) U.S. National Stage application Ser. No. 10/545,941, filed on Aug. 17, 2005; (150) U.S. National Stage application Ser. No. 10/546,078, filed on Aug. 17, 2005 the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

US Referenced Citations (856)
Number Name Date Kind
46818 Patterson Mar 1865 A
331940 Bole Dec 1885 A
332184 Bole Dec 1885 A
341237 Healey May 1886 A
519805 Bavier May 1894 A
802880 Phillips, Jr. Oct 1905 A
806156 Marshall Dec 1905 A
958517 Mettler May 1910 A
984449 Stewart Feb 1911 A
1166040 Burlingham Dec 1915 A
1225005 Boyd et al. May 1917 A
1233888 Leonard Jul 1917 A
1358818 Bering Nov 1920 A
1494128 Primrose May 1924 A
1589781 Anderson Jun 1926 A
1590357 Feisthamel Jun 1926 A
1597212 Spengler Aug 1926 A
1613461 Johnson Jan 1927 A
1739932 Ventresca Dec 1929 A
1756531 Aldeen et al. Apr 1930 A
1880218 Simmons Oct 1932 A
1952652 Brannon Mar 1934 A
1981525 Price Nov 1934 A
2046870 Clasen et al. Jul 1936 A
2087185 Dillom Jul 1937 A
2110913 Lowrey Mar 1938 A
2122757 Scott Jul 1938 A
2134311 Minor et al. Oct 1938 A
2145168 Flagg Jan 1939 A
2160263 Fletcher May 1939 A
2187275 McLennan Jan 1940 A
2204586 Grau Jun 1940 A
2214226 English Sep 1940 A
2226804 Carroll Dec 1940 A
2246038 Graham Jun 1941 A
2273017 Boynton Feb 1942 A
2293938 Dunn et al. Aug 1942 A
2301495 Abegg Nov 1942 A
2305282 Taylor, Jr. et al. Dec 1942 A
2371840 Otis Mar 1945 A
2383214 Prout Aug 1945 A
2407552 Hoesel Sep 1946 A
2447629 Beissinger et al. Aug 1948 A
2481637 Yancey Sep 1949 A
2500276 Church Mar 1950 A
2546295 Boice Mar 1951 A
2583316 Bannister Jan 1952 A
2609258 Taylor, Jr. et al. Nov 1952 A
2627891 Clark Feb 1953 A
2647847 Black et al. Aug 1953 A
2664952 Losey Jan 1954 A
2691418 Connolly Oct 1954 A
2695449 Chauvin Nov 1954 A
2723721 Corsette Nov 1955 A
2734580 Layne Feb 1956 A
2735485 Metcalf, Jr. Feb 1956 A
2796134 Binkley Jun 1957 A
2812025 Teague et al. Nov 1957 A
2877822 Buck Mar 1959 A
2907589 Knox Oct 1959 A
2919741 Strock et al. Jan 1960 A
2929741 Strock et al. Jan 1960 A
3015362 Moosman Jan 1962 A
3015500 Barnett Jan 1962 A
3018547 Marskell Jan 1962 A
3039530 Condra Jun 1962 A
3067801 Sortor Dec 1962 A
3067819 Gore Dec 1962 A
3068563 Reverman Dec 1962 A
3104703 Rike et al. Sep 1963 A
3111991 O'Neal Nov 1963 A
3167122 Lang Jan 1965 A
3175618 Lang et al. Mar 1965 A
3179168 Vincent Apr 1965 A
3188816 Koch Jun 1965 A
3191677 Kinley Jun 1965 A
3191680 Vincent Jun 1965 A
3203451 Vincent Aug 1965 A
3203483 Vincent Aug 1965 A
3209546 Lawton Oct 1965 A
3210102 Joslin Oct 1965 A
3233315 Levake Feb 1966 A
3245471 Howard Apr 1966 A
3270817 Papaila Sep 1966 A
3297092 Jennings Jan 1967 A
3326293 Skipper Jun 1967 A
3331439 Sanford Jul 1967 A
3343252 Reesor Sep 1967 A
3353599 Swift Nov 1967 A
3354955 Berry Nov 1967 A
3358760 Blagg Dec 1967 A
3358769 Berry Dec 1967 A
3364993 Skipper Jan 1968 A
3371717 Chenoweth Mar 1968 A
3412565 Lindsey et al. Nov 1968 A
3419080 Lebourg Dec 1968 A
3422902 Bouchillon Jan 1969 A
3424244 Kinley Jan 1969 A
3427707 Nowosadko Feb 1969 A
3477506 Malone Nov 1969 A
3489220 Kinley Jan 1970 A
3498376 Sizer et al. Mar 1970 A
3504515 Reardon Apr 1970 A
3520049 Lysenko et al. Jul 1970 A
3528498 Carothers Sep 1970 A
3532174 Diamantides et al. Oct 1970 A
3568773 Chancellor Mar 1971 A
3578081 Bodine May 1971 A
3579805 Kast May 1971 A
3605887 Lambie Sep 1971 A
3631926 Young Jan 1972 A
3665591 Kowal May 1972 A
3667547 Ahlstone Jun 1972 A
3669190 Sizer et al. Jun 1972 A
3682256 Stuart Aug 1972 A
3687196 Mullins Aug 1972 A
3691624 Kinley Sep 1972 A
3693387 Blackburn Sep 1972 A
3693717 Wuenschel Sep 1972 A
3704730 Witzig Dec 1972 A
3709306 Curington Jan 1973 A
3711123 Arnold Jan 1973 A
3712376 Owen et al. Jan 1973 A
3746068 Deckert et al. Jul 1973 A
3746091 Owen et al. Jul 1973 A
3746092 Land Jul 1973 A
3764168 Kisling, III et al. Oct 1973 A
3776307 Young Dec 1973 A
3779025 Godley et al. Dec 1973 A
3780562 Kinley Dec 1973 A
3781966 Lieberman Jan 1974 A
3785193 Kinely et al. Jan 1974 A
3789648 Ames Feb 1974 A
3797259 Kammerer, Jr. Mar 1974 A
3805567 Agius-Sincero Apr 1974 A
3812912 Wuenschel May 1974 A
3818734 Bateman Jun 1974 A
3834742 McPhillips Sep 1974 A
3866954 Slator et al. Feb 1975 A
3885298 Pogonowski May 1975 A
3887006 Pitts Jun 1975 A
3893718 Powell Jul 1975 A
3898163 Mott Aug 1975 A
3915478 Al et al. Oct 1975 A
3935910 Gaudy et al. Feb 1976 A
3942824 Sable Mar 1976 A
3945444 Knudson Mar 1976 A
3948321 Owen et al. Apr 1976 A
3970336 O'Sickey et al. Jul 1976 A
3977076 Vieira et al. Aug 1976 A
3977473 Page, Jr. Aug 1976 A
3989280 Schwarz Nov 1976 A
3997193 Tsuda et al. Dec 1976 A
3999605 Braddick Dec 1976 A
4003433 Goins Jan 1977 A
4011652 Black Mar 1977 A
4019579 Thuse Apr 1977 A
4026583 Gottlieb May 1977 A
4047568 Aulenbacher Sep 1977 A
4053247 Marsh, Jr. Oct 1977 A
4068711 Aulenbacher Jan 1978 A
4069573 Rogers, Jr. et al. Jan 1978 A
4076287 Bill et al. Feb 1978 A
4096913 Kenneday et al. Jun 1978 A
4098334 Crowe Jul 1978 A
4099563 Hutchinson et al. Jul 1978 A
4118954 Jenkins Oct 1978 A
4125937 Brown et al. Nov 1978 A
4152821 Scott May 1979 A
4168747 Youmans Sep 1979 A
4190108 Webber Feb 1980 A
4204312 Tooker May 1980 A
4205422 Hardwick Jun 1980 A
4226449 Cole Oct 1980 A
4229869 Wendt et al. Oct 1980 A
4253676 Baker et al. Mar 1981 A
4253687 Maples Mar 1981 A
4257155 Hunter Mar 1981 A
4274665 Marsh, Jr. Jun 1981 A
RE30802 Rogers, Jr. Nov 1981 E
4304428 Grigorian et al. Dec 1981 A
4321740 Davis et al. Mar 1982 A
4328983 Gibson May 1982 A
4355664 Cook et al. Oct 1982 A
4359889 Kelly Nov 1982 A
4363358 Ellis Dec 1982 A
4366971 Lula Jan 1983 A
4368571 Cooper, Jr. Jan 1983 A
4379471 Kuenzel Apr 1983 A
4380347 Sable Apr 1983 A
4384625 Roper et al. May 1983 A
4388752 Vinciguerra et al. Jun 1983 A
4391325 Baker et al. Jul 1983 A
4393931 Muse et al. Jul 1983 A
4396061 Tamplen et al. Aug 1983 A
4401325 Tsuchiya et al. Aug 1983 A
4402372 Cherrington Sep 1983 A
4407681 Ina et al. Oct 1983 A
4411435 McStravick Oct 1983 A
4413395 Garnier Nov 1983 A
4413682 Callihan et al. Nov 1983 A
4420866 Mueller Dec 1983 A
4421169 Dearth et al. Dec 1983 A
4422317 Mueller Dec 1983 A
4422507 Reimert Dec 1983 A
4423889 Weise Jan 1984 A
4423986 Skogberg Jan 1984 A
4424865 Payton, Jr. Jan 1984 A
4429741 Hyland Feb 1984 A
4440233 Baugh et al. Apr 1984 A
4442586 Ridenour Apr 1984 A
4444250 Keithahn et al. Apr 1984 A
4449713 Ishido et al. May 1984 A
4462471 Hipp Jul 1984 A
4467630 Kelly Aug 1984 A
4468309 White Aug 1984 A
4469356 Duret et al. Sep 1984 A
4473245 Raulins et al. Sep 1984 A
4483399 Colgate Nov 1984 A
4485847 Wentzell Dec 1984 A
4491001 Yoshida Jan 1985 A
4501327 Retz Feb 1985 A
4505017 Schukei Mar 1985 A
4505987 Yamada et al. Mar 1985 A
4507019 Thompson Mar 1985 A
4508129 Brown Apr 1985 A
4511289 Herron Apr 1985 A
4519456 Cochran May 1985 A
4526232 Hughson et al. Jul 1985 A
4526839 Herman et al. Jul 1985 A
4530231 Main Jul 1985 A
4541655 Hunter Sep 1985 A
4550782 Lawson Nov 1985 A
4553776 Dodd Nov 1985 A
4573248 Hackett Mar 1986 A
4573540 Dellinger et al. Mar 1986 A
4576386 Benson et al. Mar 1986 A
4581817 Kelly Apr 1986 A
4590227 Nakamura et al. May 1986 A
4590995 Evans May 1986 A
4592577 Ayres et al. Jun 1986 A
4595063 Jennings et al. Jun 1986 A
4601343 Lindsey, Jr. et al. Jul 1986 A
4605063 Ross Aug 1986 A
4611662 Harrington Sep 1986 A
4614233 Menard Sep 1986 A
4627488 Szarka Dec 1986 A
4629218 Dubois Dec 1986 A
4630849 Fukui et al. Dec 1986 A
4632944 Thompson Dec 1986 A
4634317 Skogberg et al. Jan 1987 A
4635333 Finch Jan 1987 A
4637436 Stewart, Jr. et al. Jan 1987 A
4646787 Rush et al. Mar 1987 A
4649492 Sinha et al. Mar 1987 A
4651831 Baugh et al. Mar 1987 A
4651836 Richards Mar 1987 A
4656779 Fedeli Apr 1987 A
4660863 Bailey et al. Apr 1987 A
4662446 Brisco et al. May 1987 A
4669541 Bissonnette Jun 1987 A
4674572 Gallus Jun 1987 A
4682797 Hildner Jul 1987 A
4685191 Mueller et al. Aug 1987 A
4685834 Jordan Aug 1987 A
4693498 Baugh et al. Sep 1987 A
4703802 Bryan et al. Nov 1987 A
4711474 Patrick Dec 1987 A
4714117 Dech Dec 1987 A
4730851 Watts Mar 1988 A
4735444 Skipper Apr 1988 A
4739654 Pilkington et al. Apr 1988 A
4739916 Ayres et al. Apr 1988 A
4751836 Breese Jun 1988 A
4754781 Putter Jul 1988 A
4758025 Frick Jul 1988 A
4776394 Lynde et al. Oct 1988 A
4778088 Miller Oct 1988 A
4779445 Rabe Oct 1988 A
4793382 Szalvay Dec 1988 A
4796668 Depret Jan 1989 A
4817710 Edwards et al. Apr 1989 A
4817712 Bodine Apr 1989 A
4817716 Taylor et al. Apr 1989 A
4826347 Baril et al. May 1989 A
4827594 Cartry et al. May 1989 A
4828033 Frison May 1989 A
4830109 Wedel May 1989 A
4832382 Kapgan May 1989 A
4836579 Wester et al. Jun 1989 A
4842082 Springer Jun 1989 A
4848459 Blackwell et al. Jul 1989 A
4854338 Grantham Aug 1989 A
4856592 Van Bilderbeek et al. Aug 1989 A
4865127 Koster Sep 1989 A
4871199 Ridenour et al. Oct 1989 A
4872253 Carstensen Oct 1989 A
4887646 Groves Dec 1989 A
4888975 Soward et al. Dec 1989 A
4892337 Gunderson et al. Jan 1990 A
4893658 Kimura et al. Jan 1990 A
4904136 Matsumoto Feb 1990 A
4907828 Change Mar 1990 A
4911237 Melenyzer Mar 1990 A
4913758 Koster Apr 1990 A
4915177 Claycomb Apr 1990 A
4915426 Skipper Apr 1990 A
4917409 Reeves Apr 1990 A
4919989 Colangelo Apr 1990 A
4930573 Lane et al. Jun 1990 A
4934038 Caudill Jun 1990 A
4934312 Koster et al. Jun 1990 A
4938291 Lynde et al. Jul 1990 A
4941512 McParland Jul 1990 A
4941532 Hurt et al. Jul 1990 A
4942925 Themig Jul 1990 A
4942926 Lessi Jul 1990 A
4949745 McKeon Aug 1990 A
4958691 Hipp Sep 1990 A
4968184 Reid Nov 1990 A
4971152 Koster et al. Nov 1990 A
4976322 Abdrakhmanov et al. Dec 1990 A
4981250 Persson Jan 1991 A
4995464 Watkins et al. Feb 1991 A
5014779 Meling et al. May 1991 A
5015017 Geary May 1991 A
5026074 Hoes et al. Jun 1991 A
5031370 Jewett Jul 1991 A
5031699 Artynov et al. Jul 1991 A
5040283 Pelgrom Aug 1991 A
5044676 Burton et al. Sep 1991 A
5052483 Hudson Oct 1991 A
5059043 Kuhne Oct 1991 A
5064004 Lundel Nov 1991 A
5074355 Lennon Dec 1991 A
5079837 Vanselow Jan 1992 A
5083608 Abdrakhmanov et al. Jan 1992 A
5093015 Oldiges Mar 1992 A
5095991 Milberger Mar 1992 A
5101653 Hermes et al. Apr 1992 A
5105888 Pollock et al. Apr 1992 A
5107221 N'Guyen et al. Apr 1992 A
5119661 Abdrakhmanov et al. Jun 1992 A
5134891 Canevet Aug 1992 A
5150755 Cassel et al. Sep 1992 A
5156043 Ose Oct 1992 A
5156213 George et al. Oct 1992 A
5156223 Hipp Oct 1992 A
5174376 Singeetham Dec 1992 A
5181571 Mueller et al. Jan 1993 A
5195583 Toon et al. Mar 1993 A
5197553 Leturno Mar 1993 A
5209600 Koster May 1993 A
5226492 Solaeche P. et al. Jul 1993 A
5242017 Hailey Sep 1993 A
5253713 Gregg et al. Oct 1993 A
5265675 Hearn et al. Nov 1993 A
5275242 Payne Jan 1994 A
5282508 Ellingsen et al. Feb 1994 A
5282652 Werner Feb 1994 A
5286393 Oldiges et al. Feb 1994 A
5297629 Barrington et al. Mar 1994 A
5306101 Rockower et al. Apr 1994 A
5309621 O'Donnell et al. May 1994 A
5314014 Tucker May 1994 A
5314209 Kuhne May 1994 A
5318122 Murray et al. Jun 1994 A
5318131 Baker Jun 1994 A
5325923 Surjaatmadja et al. Jul 1994 A
5326137 Lorenz et al. Jul 1994 A
5327964 O'Donnell et al. Jul 1994 A
5330850 Suzuki et al. Jul 1994 A
5332038 Tapp et al. Jul 1994 A
5332049 Tew Jul 1994 A
5333692 Baugh et al. Aug 1994 A
5335736 Windsor Aug 1994 A
5337808 Graham Aug 1994 A
5337823 Nobileau Aug 1994 A
5337827 Hromas et al. Aug 1994 A
5339894 Stotler Aug 1994 A
5343949 Ross et al. Sep 1994 A
5346007 Dillon et al. Sep 1994 A
5348087 Williamson, Jr. Sep 1994 A
5348093 Wood et al. Sep 1994 A
5348095 Worrall et al. Sep 1994 A
5348668 Oldiges et al. Sep 1994 A
5351752 Wood et al. Oct 1994 A
5360239 Klementich Nov 1994 A
5360292 Allen et al. Nov 1994 A
5361843 Shy et al. Nov 1994 A
5366010 Zwart Nov 1994 A
5366012 Lohbeck Nov 1994 A
5368075 Bäro et al. Nov 1994 A
5370425 Dougherty et al. Dec 1994 A
5375661 Daneshy et al. Dec 1994 A
5377753 Haberman et al. Jan 1995 A
5388648 Jordan, Jr. Feb 1995 A
5390735 Williamson, Jr. Feb 1995 A
5390742 Dines et al. Feb 1995 A
5396957 Surjaatmadja et al. Mar 1995 A
5400827 Baro et al. Mar 1995 A
5405171 Allen et al. Apr 1995 A
5413180 Ross et al. May 1995 A
5425559 Nobileau Jun 1995 A
5426130 Thurber et al. Jun 1995 A
5431831 Vincent Jul 1995 A
5435395 Connell Jul 1995 A
5439320 Abrams Aug 1995 A
5443129 Bailey et al. Aug 1995 A
5447201 Mohn Sep 1995 A
5454419 Vloedman Oct 1995 A
5456319 Schmidt et al. Oct 1995 A
5458194 Brooks Oct 1995 A
5462120 Gondouin Oct 1995 A
5467822 Zwart Nov 1995 A
5472055 Simson et al. Dec 1995 A
5474334 Eppink Dec 1995 A
5492173 Kilgore et al. Feb 1996 A
5494106 Gueguen et al. Feb 1996 A
5498809 Emert et al. Mar 1996 A
5507343 Carlton et al. Apr 1996 A
5511620 Baugh et al. Apr 1996 A
5513703 Mills et al. May 1996 A
5524937 Sides, III et al. Jun 1996 A
5535824 Hudson Jul 1996 A
5536422 Oldiges et al. Jul 1996 A
5540281 Round Jul 1996 A
5554244 Ruggles et al. Sep 1996 A
5566772 Coone et al. Oct 1996 A
5576485 Serata Nov 1996 A
5584512 Carstensen Dec 1996 A
5606792 Schafer Mar 1997 A
5611399 Richard et al. Mar 1997 A
5613557 Blount et al. Mar 1997 A
5617918 Cooksey et al. Apr 1997 A
5642560 Tabuchi et al. Jul 1997 A
5642781 Richard Jul 1997 A
5662180 Coffman et al. Sep 1997 A
5664327 Swars Sep 1997 A
5667011 Gill et al. Sep 1997 A
5667252 Schafer et al. Sep 1997 A
5678609 Washburn Oct 1997 A
5685369 Ellis et al. Nov 1997 A
5689871 Carstensen Nov 1997 A
5695008 Bertet et al. Dec 1997 A
5695009 Hipp Dec 1997 A
5697442 Baldridge Dec 1997 A
5697449 Hennig et al. Dec 1997 A
5718288 Bertet et al. Feb 1998 A
5738146 Abe Apr 1998 A
5743335 Bussear Apr 1998 A
5749419 Coronado et al. May 1998 A
5749585 Lembcke May 1998 A
5755895 Tamehiro et al. May 1998 A
5775422 Wong et al. Jul 1998 A
5785120 Smalley et al. Jul 1998 A
5787933 Russ et al. Aug 1998 A
5791409 Flanders Aug 1998 A
5791419 Valisalo Aug 1998 A
5794702 Nobileau Aug 1998 A
5794840 Hohl et al. Aug 1998 A
5797454 Hipp Aug 1998 A
5829520 Johnson Nov 1998 A
5829524 Flanders et al. Nov 1998 A
5833001 Song et al. Nov 1998 A
5845945 Carstensen Dec 1998 A
5849188 Voll et al. Dec 1998 A
5857524 Harris Jan 1999 A
5862866 Springer Jan 1999 A
5875851 Vick, Jr. et al. Mar 1999 A
5885941 Sateva et al. Mar 1999 A
5887476 Damsohn et al. Mar 1999 A
5895079 Carstensen et al. Apr 1999 A
5899268 Lynde et al. May 1999 A
5901789 Donnelly et al. May 1999 A
5918677 Head Jul 1999 A
5924745 Campbell Jul 1999 A
5931511 DeLange et al. Aug 1999 A
5944100 Hipp Aug 1999 A
5944107 Ohmer Aug 1999 A
5944108 Baugh et al. Aug 1999 A
5951207 Chen Sep 1999 A
5957195 Bailey et al. Sep 1999 A
5971443 Noel et al. Oct 1999 A
5975587 Wood et al. Nov 1999 A
5979560 Nobileau Nov 1999 A
5984369 Crook et al. Nov 1999 A
5984568 Lohbeck Nov 1999 A
5985053 Hara et al. Nov 1999 A
6012521 Zunkel et al. Jan 2000 A
6012522 Donnelly et al. Jan 2000 A
6012523 Campbell et al. Jan 2000 A
6012874 Groneck et al. Jan 2000 A
6013724 Mizutani et al. Jan 2000 A
6015012 Reddick Jan 2000 A
6017168 Fraser et al. Jan 2000 A
6021850 Woo et al. Feb 2000 A
6029748 Forsyth et al. Feb 2000 A
6035954 Hipp Mar 2000 A
6044906 Saltel Apr 2000 A
6047505 Willow Apr 2000 A
6047774 Allen Apr 2000 A
6050341 Metcalf Apr 2000 A
6050346 Hipp Apr 2000 A
6056059 Ohmer May 2000 A
6056324 Reimert et al. May 2000 A
6062324 Hipp May 2000 A
6065500 Metcalfe May 2000 A
6070671 Cumming et al. Jun 2000 A
6073692 Wood et al. Jun 2000 A
6073698 Shultz et al. Jun 2000 A
6074133 Kelsey Jun 2000 A
6078031 Bliault et al. Jun 2000 A
6079495 Ohmer Jun 2000 A
6085838 Vercaemer et al. Jul 2000 A
6089320 LaGrange Jul 2000 A
6098717 Bailey et al. Aug 2000 A
6102119 Raines Aug 2000 A
6109355 Reid Aug 2000 A
6112818 Campbell Sep 2000 A
6131265 Bird Oct 2000 A
6135208 Gano et al. Oct 2000 A
6138761 Freeman et al. Oct 2000 A
6142230 Smalley et al. Nov 2000 A
6148915 Mullen et al. Nov 2000 A
6158963 Hollis Dec 2000 A
6167970 Stout Jan 2001 B1
6182775 Hipp Feb 2001 B1
6189616 Gano et al. Feb 2001 B1
6196336 Fincher et al. Mar 2001 B1
6226855 Maine May 2001 B1
6230843 Geiss May 2001 B1
6231086 Tierling May 2001 B1
6250385 Montaron Jun 2001 B1
6263966 Haut et al. Jul 2001 B1
6263968 Freeman et al. Jul 2001 B1
6263972 Richard et al. Jul 2001 B1
6267181 Rhein-Knudsen et al. Jul 2001 B1
6273634 Lohbeck Aug 2001 B1
6275556 Kinney et al. Aug 2001 B1
6283211 Vloedman Sep 2001 B1
6286614 Gano et al. Sep 2001 B1
6302211 Nelson et al. Oct 2001 B1
6315043 Farrant et al. Nov 2001 B1
6318457 Den Boer et al. Nov 2001 B1
6318465 Coon et al. Nov 2001 B1
6322109 Campbell et al. Nov 2001 B1
6325148 Trahan et al. Dec 2001 B1
6328113 Cook Dec 2001 B1
6334351 Tsuchiya Jan 2002 B1
6343495 Cheppe et al. Feb 2002 B1
6343657 Baugh et al. Feb 2002 B1
6345373 Chakradhar et al. Feb 2002 B1
6345431 Greig Feb 2002 B1
6352112 Mills Mar 2002 B1
6354373 Vercaemer et al. Mar 2002 B1
6390720 LeBegue et al. May 2002 B1
6405761 Shimizu et al. Jun 2002 B1
6406063 Pfeiffer Jun 2002 B1
6409175 Evans et al. Jun 2002 B1
6419025 Lohbeck et al. Jul 2002 B1
6419026 MacKenzie et al. Jul 2002 B1
6419033 Hahn et al. Jul 2002 B1
6419147 Daniel Jul 2002 B1
6425444 Metcalfe et al. Jul 2002 B1
6431277 Cox et al. Aug 2002 B1
6446323 Metcalfe et al. Sep 2002 B1
6446724 Baugh et al. Sep 2002 B2
6450261 Baugh Sep 2002 B1
6454013 Metcalfe Sep 2002 B1
6457532 Simpson Oct 2002 B1
6457533 Metcalfe Oct 2002 B1
6457749 Heijnen Oct 2002 B1
6460615 Heijnen Oct 2002 B1
6461999 Fanta et al. Oct 2002 B1
6464008 Roddy et al. Oct 2002 B1
6464014 Bernat Oct 2002 B1
6470966 Cook et al. Oct 2002 B2
6470996 Kyle et al. Oct 2002 B1
6478091 Gano Nov 2002 B1
6478092 Voll et al. Nov 2002 B2
6491108 Slup et al. Dec 2002 B1
6497289 Cook et al. Dec 2002 B1
6516887 Nguyen et al. Feb 2003 B2
6517126 Peterson et al. Feb 2003 B1
6527049 Metcalfe et al. Mar 2003 B2
6543545 Chatterji et al. Apr 2003 B1
6543552 Metcalfe et al. Apr 2003 B1
6550539 Maguire et al. Apr 2003 B2
6550821 DeLange et al. Apr 2003 B2
6557460 Hester May 2003 B2
6557640 Cook et al. May 2003 B1
6561227 Cook et al. May 2003 B2
6561279 MacKenzie et al. May 2003 B2
6564875 Bullock May 2003 B1
6568471 Cook et al. May 2003 B1
6568488 Wentworth et al. May 2003 B2
6575240 Cook et al. Jun 2003 B1
6575250 Wijsman Jun 2003 B1
6578630 Simpson et al. Jun 2003 B2
6585053 Coon Jul 2003 B2
6591905 Coon Jul 2003 B2
6598677 Baugh et al. Jul 2003 B1
6598678 Simpson Jul 2003 B1
6604763 Cook et al. Aug 2003 B1
6607220 Sivley, IV Aug 2003 B2
6619696 Baugh et al. Sep 2003 B2
6622797 Sivley, IV Sep 2003 B2
6629567 Lauritzen et al. Oct 2003 B2
6631759 Cook et al. Oct 2003 B2
6631760 Cook et al. Oct 2003 B2
6631765 Baugh et al. Oct 2003 B2
6631769 Cook et al. Oct 2003 B2
6634431 Cook et al. Oct 2003 B2
6640895 Murray Nov 2003 B2
6640903 Cook et al. Nov 2003 B1
6648075 Badrak et al. Nov 2003 B2
6662876 Lauritzen Dec 2003 B2
6668930 Hoffman Dec 2003 B2
6668937 Murray Dec 2003 B1
6672759 Feger Jan 2004 B2
6679328 Davis et al. Jan 2004 B2
6681862 Freeman Jan 2004 B2
6684947 Cook et al. Feb 2004 B2
6688397 McClurkin et al. Feb 2004 B2
6695012 Ring et al. Feb 2004 B1
6695065 Simpson et al. Feb 2004 B2
6698517 Simpson Mar 2004 B2
6701598 Chen et al. Mar 2004 B2
6702030 Simpson Mar 2004 B2
6705395 Cook et al. Mar 2004 B2
6708767 Harrall et al. Mar 2004 B2
6712154 Cook et al. Mar 2004 B2
6712401 Coulon et al. Mar 2004 B2
6719064 Price-Smith et al. Apr 2004 B2
6722427 Gano et al. Apr 2004 B2
6722437 Vercaemer et al. Apr 2004 B2
6722443 Metcalfe Apr 2004 B1
6723683 Crossman et al. Apr 2004 B2
6725917 Metcalfe Apr 2004 B2
6725919 Cook et al. Apr 2004 B2
6725934 Coronado et al. Apr 2004 B2
6725939 Richard Apr 2004 B2
6732806 Mauldin et al. May 2004 B2
6739392 Cook et al. May 2004 B2
6745845 Cook et al. Jun 2004 B2
6749954 Toyooka et al. Jun 2004 B2
6758278 Cook et al. Jul 2004 B2
6772841 Gano Aug 2004 B2
6796380 Xu Sep 2004 B2
6814147 Baugh Nov 2004 B2
6820690 Vercaemer et al. Nov 2004 B2
6823937 Cook et al. Nov 2004 B1
6826937 Su Dec 2004 B2
6832649 Bode et al. Dec 2004 B2
6834725 Whanger et al. Dec 2004 B2
6843319 Tran et al. Jan 2005 B2
6843322 Burtner et al. Jan 2005 B2
6854522 Brezinski et al. Feb 2005 B2
6857473 Cook et al. Feb 2005 B2
6880632 Tom et al. Apr 2005 B2
6892819 Cook et al. May 2005 B2
6902000 Simpson et al. Jun 2005 B2
6907652 Heijnen Jun 2005 B1
6923261 Metcalfe et al. Aug 2005 B2
6935429 Badrack Aug 2005 B2
6935430 Harrall et al. Aug 2005 B2
6966370 Cook et al. Nov 2005 B2
6968618 Cook et al. Nov 2005 B2
6976539 Metcalfe et al. Dec 2005 B2
6977096 LeClaire Dec 2005 B2
7000953 Berghaus Feb 2006 B2
7007760 Lohbeck Mar 2006 B2
7011161 Ring et al. Mar 2006 B2
7021390 Cook et al. Apr 2006 B2
7036582 Cook et al. May 2006 B2
7040396 Cook et al. May 2006 B2
7044218 Cook et al. May 2006 B2
7044221 Cook et al. May 2006 B2
7048062 Ring May 2006 B2
7048067 Cook et al. May 2006 B1
7055608 Cook et al. Jun 2006 B2
7063142 Cook et al. Jun 2006 B2
7063149 Simpson et al. Jun 2006 B2
7114559 Sonnier et al. Oct 2006 B2
7164964 Stacklies Jan 2007 B2
7185710 Cook et al. Mar 2007 B2
7191841 Sivley, IV Mar 2007 B2
7198100 Cook et al. Apr 2007 B2
7201223 Cook et al. Apr 2007 B2
7204007 Cook et al. Apr 2007 B2
7216701 Cook et al. May 2007 B2
7225879 Wylie et al. Jun 2007 B2
7231985 Cook et al. Jun 2007 B2
7234531 Kendziora et al. Jun 2007 B2
7234968 Lottmann et al. Jun 2007 B2
7240728 Cook et al. Jul 2007 B2
7240729 Cook et al. Jul 2007 B2
7243731 Watson et al. Jul 2007 B2
7246667 Cook et al. Jul 2007 B2
7258168 Cook et al. Aug 2007 B2
7270188 Cook et al. Sep 2007 B2
7275601 Cook et al. Oct 2007 B2
7290605 Waddell et al. Nov 2007 B2
7290616 Cook et al. Nov 2007 B2
20010002626 Frank et al. Jun 2001 A1
20010018354 Pigni Aug 2001 A1
20010020532 Baugh et al. Sep 2001 A1
20010045284 Simpson et al. Nov 2001 A1
20010045289 Cook et al. Nov 2001 A1
20010047870 Cook et al. Dec 2001 A1
20020011339 Murray Jan 2002 A1
20020014339 Ross Feb 2002 A1
20020020524 Gano Feb 2002 A1
20020020531 Ohmer Feb 2002 A1
20020033261 Metcalfe Mar 2002 A1
20020060068 Cook et al. May 2002 A1
20020062956 Murray et al. May 2002 A1
20020066576 Cook et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020066578 Broome Jun 2002 A1
20020070023 Turner et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020070031 Voll et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020079101 Baugh et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020084070 Voll et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020092654 Coronado et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020108756 Harrall et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020139540 Lauritzen Oct 2002 A1
20020144822 Hackworth et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020148612 Cook et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020185274 Simpson et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020189816 Cook et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020195252 Maguire et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020195256 Metcalfe et al. Dec 2002 A1
20030024708 Ring et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030024711 Simpson et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030034177 Chitwood et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030042022 Lauritzen et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030047322 Maguire et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030047323 Jackson et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030056991 Hahn et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030066655 Cook et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030067166 Sivley Apr 2003 A1
20030075337 Maguire Apr 2003 A1
20030075338 Sivley, IV Apr 2003 A1
20030075339 Gano et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030094277 Cook et al. May 2003 A1
20030094278 Cook et al. May 2003 A1
20030094279 Ring et al. May 2003 A1
20030098154 Cook et al. May 2003 A1
20030098162 Cook May 2003 A1
20030107217 Daigle et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030111234 McClurkin et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030116318 Metcalfe Jun 2003 A1
20030116325 Cook et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030121558 Cook et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030121655 Lauritzen et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030121669 Cook et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030140673 Marr et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030150608 Smith, Jr. et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030159764 Goto Aug 2003 A1
20030168222 Maguire et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030173090 Cook et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030192705 Cook et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030221841 Burtner et al. Dec 2003 A1
20030222455 Cook et al. Dec 2003 A1
20040011534 Simonds et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040045616 Cook et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040045718 Brisco et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040060706 Stephenson Apr 2004 A1
20040065446 Tran et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040069499 Cook et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040112589 Cook et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040112606 Lewis et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040112610 Tran et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040118574 Cook et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040123983 Cook et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040123988 Cook et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040129431 Jackson Jul 2004 A1
20040149431 Wylie et al. Aug 2004 A1
20040159446 Haugen et al. Aug 2004 A1
20040188099 Cook et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040194966 Zimmerman Oct 2004 A1
20040195826 Goto Oct 2004 A1
20040216506 Simpson et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040216873 Frost, Jr. et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040221996 Burge Nov 2004 A1
20040231839 Ellington et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040231843 Simpson et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040231855 Cook et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040238181 Cook et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040244968 Cook et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040262014 Cook et al. Dec 2004 A1
20050011641 Cook et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050015963 Costa et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050028988 Cook et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050039910 Lohbeck Feb 2005 A1
20050039928 Cook et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050045324 Cook et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050045341 Cook et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050045342 Luke et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050056433 Watson et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050056434 Watson et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050077051 Cook et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050081358 Cook et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050087337 Brisco et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050092485 Brezinski et al. May 2005 A1
20050098323 Cook et al. May 2005 A1
20050103502 Watson et al. May 2005 A1
20050123639 Ring et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050133225 Oosterling Jun 2005 A1
20050138790 Cook et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050144771 Cook et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050144772 Cook et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050144777 Cook et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050150098 Cook et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050150660 Cook et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050161228 Cook et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050166387 Cook et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050166388 Cook et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050172473 Cook et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050173108 Cook et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050183863 Cook et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050205253 Cook et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050217768 Asahi et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050217865 Ring Oct 2005 A1
20050217866 Watson et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050223535 Cook et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050224225 Cook et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050230102 Cook et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050230103 Cook et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050230104 Cook et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050230124 Cook et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050236159 Costa et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050236163 Cook et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050244578 Van Egmond et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050246883 Alliot et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050247453 Shuster et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050265788 Renkema Dec 2005 A1
20050269107 Cook et al. Dec 2005 A1
20060032640 Costa et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060048948 Noel Mar 2006 A1
20060054330 Ring et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060065403 Watson et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060065406 Shuster et al. Mar 2006 A1
20070056744 Ellington et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070131431 Shuster et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070143987 Cook et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070144735 Lloyd et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070151360 Ring et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070151725 Cook et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070154270 Waddell et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070169939 Costa et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070169944 Parker et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070175630 Costa et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070227730 Brisco et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070246934 Heertjes et al. Oct 2007 A1
Foreign Referenced Citations (711)
Number Date Country
767364 Feb 2004 AU
2004202805 Jul 2004 AU
2004202809 Jul 2004 AU
2004202812 Jul 2004 AU
2004202813 Jul 2004 AU
2004202815 Jul 2004 AU
770008 Jul 2004 AU
770359 Jul 2004 AU
771884 Aug 2004 AU
776580 Jan 2005 AU
780123 Mar 2005 AU
2001269810 Aug 2005 AU
782901 Sep 2005 AU
783245 Oct 2005 AU
2001294802 Oct 2005 AU
2001292695 Oct 2006 AU
2003257878 Aug 2007 AU
2003257881 Aug 2007 AU
736288 Jun 1966 CA
771462 Nov 1967 CA
1171310 Jul 1984 CA
2292171 Jun 2000 CA
2298139 Aug 2000 CA
2419806 Apr 2002 CA
2453034 Jan 2003 CA
2234386 Mar 2003 CA
2466685 Mar 2004 CA
2249139 Jan 2007 CA
2536716 Jul 2007 CA
174521 Apr 1953 DE
1549823 Dec 1970 DE
1549824 May 1971 DE
2458188 Jun 1975 DE
203767 Nov 1983 DE
233607 Mar 1986 DE
278517 May 1990 DE
0084940 Aug 1983 EP
0272511 Dec 1987 EP
0294264 May 1988 EP
0553566 Dec 1992 EP
620289 Oct 1994 EP
0633391 Jan 1995 EP
0713953 Nov 1995 EP
0823534 Feb 1998 EP
0881354 Dec 1998 EP
0881359 Dec 1998 EP
0899420 Mar 1999 EP
0937861 Aug 1999 EP
0952305 Oct 1999 EP
0952306 Oct 1999 EP
1106778 Jun 2001 EP
1141515 Oct 2001 EP
1152119 Nov 2001 EP
1152120 Nov 2001 EP
1152120 Nov 2001 EP
1375820 Mar 2002 EP
1235972 Sep 2002 EP
1306519 May 2003 EP
1505251 Feb 2005 EP
1555386 Jul 2005 EP
1505251 Feb 2007 EP
1549824 Jul 2007 EP
1325596 Jun 1962 FR
1325596 Mar 1963 FR
2583398 Dec 1986 FR
2717855 Sep 1995 FR
2741907 Jun 1997 FR
2771133 May 1999 FR
2780751 Jan 2000 FR
2841626 Jan 2004 FR
557823 Dec 1943 GB
788150 Dec 1957 GB
851096 Oct 1960 GB
961750 Jun 1964 GB
1000383 Oct 1965 GB
1062610 Mar 1967 GB
1107902 Mar 1968 GB
1111536 May 1968 GB
1448304 Sep 1976 GB
1460864 Jan 1977 GB
1542847 Mar 1979 GB
1549823 Aug 1979 GB
1549824 Aug 1979 GB
1563740 Mar 1980 GB
2058877 Apr 1981 GB
2108228 May 1983 GB
2115860 Sep 1983 GB
2124275 Feb 1984 GB
2125876 Mar 1984 GB
2194978 Mar 1988 GB
2211446 Jul 1989 GB
2211573 Jul 1989 GB
2216926 Oct 1989 GB
2243191 Oct 1991 GB
2256910 Dec 1992 GB
2257184 Jun 1993 GB
2275705 Sep 1994 GB
2279383 Jan 1995 GB
2305682 Apr 1997 GB
2325949 May 1998 GB
2322655 Sep 1998 GB
2326896 Jan 1999 GB
2329916 Apr 1999 GB
2329918 Apr 1999 GB
2336383 Oct 1999 GB
2355738 Apr 2000 GB
2343691 May 2000 GB
2344606 Jun 2000 GB
2368865 Jul 2000 GB
2346165 Aug 2000 GB
2346632 Aug 2000 GB
2347445 Sep 2000 GB
2347446 Sep 2000 GB
2347950 Sep 2000 GB
2347952 Sep 2000 GB
2348223 Sep 2000 GB
2348657 Oct 2000 GB
2348661 Oct 2000 GB
2350137 Nov 2000 GB
2357099 Dec 2000 GB
2356651 May 2001 GB
2350137 Aug 2001 GB
2631724 Oct 2001 GB
2365898 Feb 2002 GB
2359837 Apr 2002 GB
2370301 Jun 2002 GB
2371064 Jul 2002 GB
2371574 Jul 2002 GB
2373524 Sep 2002 GB
2367842 Oct 2002 GB
2374098 Oct 2002 GB
2374622 Oct 2002 GB
2375560 Nov 2002 GB
2380213 Apr 2003 GB
2380503 Apr 2003 GB
2381019 Apr 2003 GB
2343691 May 2003 GB
2382364 May 2003 GB
2382607 Jun 2003 GB
2382828 Jun 2003 GB
2344606 Aug 2003 GB
2347950 Aug 2003 GB
2380213 Aug 2003 GB
2380214 Aug 2003 GB
2380215 Aug 2003 GB
2385622 Aug 2003 GB
2348223 Sep 2003 GB
2347952 Oct 2003 GB
2348657 Oct 2003 GB
2384800 Oct 2003 GB
2384801 Oct 2003 GB
2384802 Oct 2003 GB
2384803 Oct 2003 GB
2384804 Oct 2003 GB
2384805 Oct 2003 GB
2384806 Oct 2003 GB
2384807 Oct 2003 GB
2384808 Oct 2003 GB
2385353 Oct 2003 GB
2385354 Oct 2003 GB
2385355 Oct 2003 GB
2385356 Oct 2003 GB
2385357 Oct 2003 GB
2385358 Oct 2003 GB
2385359 Oct 2003 GB
2385360 Oct 2003 GB
2385361 Oct 2003 GB
2385362 Oct 2003 GB
2385363 Oct 2003 GB
2385619 Oct 2003 GB
2385620 Oct 2003 GB
2385621 Oct 2003 GB
2385622 Oct 2003 GB
2385623 Oct 2003 GB
2387405 Oct 2003 GB
2388134 Nov 2003 GB
2388860 Nov 2003 GB
2355738 Dec 2003 GB
2374622 Dec 2003 GB
2388391 Dec 2003 GB
2388392 Dec 2003 GB
2388393 Dec 2003 GB
2388394 Dec 2003 GB
2388395 Dec 2003 GB
2356651 Feb 2004 GB
2368865 Feb 2004 GB
2388860 Feb 2004 GB
2388861 Feb 2004 GB
2388862 Feb 2004 GB
2391886 Feb 2004 GB
2390628 Mar 2004 GB
2391033 Mar 2004 GB
2392686 Mar 2004 GB
2393199 Mar 2004 GB
2373524 Apr 2004 GB
2390387 Apr 2004 GB
2392686 Apr 2004 GB
2392691 Apr 2004 GB
2391575 May 2004 GB
2394979 May 2004 GB
2395506 May 2004 GB
2392932 Jun 2004 GB
2395734 Jun 2004 GB
2396634 Jun 2004 GB
2396635 Jun 2004 GB
2396640 Jun 2004 GB
2396641 Jun 2004 GB
2396642 Jun 2004 GB
2396643 Jun 2004 GB
2396644 Jun 2004 GB
2396646 Jun 2004 GB
2373468 Jul 2004 GB
2394263 Jul 2004 GB
2396869 Jul 2004 GB
2397261 Jul 2004 GB
2397262 Jul 2004 GB
2397264 Jul 2004 GB
2397265 Jul 2004 GB
2390622 Aug 2004 GB
2398317 Aug 2004 GB
2398318 Aug 2004 GB
2398319 Aug 2004 GB
2398320 Aug 2004 GB
2398321 Aug 2004 GB
2398322 Aug 2004 GB
2398323 Aug 2004 GB
2398326 Aug 2004 GB
2382367 Sep 2004 GB
2396641 Sep 2004 GB
2396643 Sep 2004 GB
2397261 Sep 2004 GB
2397262 Sep 2004 GB
2397263 Sep 2004 GB
2397264 Sep 2004 GB
2397265 Sep 2004 GB
2399120 Sep 2004 GB
2399579 Sep 2004 GB
2399580 Sep 2004 GB
2399837 Sep 2004 GB
2399848 Sep 2004 GB
2399849 Sep 2004 GB
2399850 Sep 2004 GB
2384502 Oct 2004 GB
2396644 Oct 2004 GB
2400126 Oct 2004 GB
2400393 Oct 2004 GB
2400624 Oct 2004 GB
2396640 Nov 2004 GB
2396642 Nov 2004 GB
2401136 Nov 2004 GB
2401137 Nov 2004 GB
2401138 Nov 2004 GB
2401630 Nov 2004 GB
2401631 Nov 2004 GB
2401632 Nov 2004 GB
2401633 Nov 2004 GB
2401634 Nov 2004 GB
2401635 Nov 2004 GB
2401636 Nov 2004 GB
2401637 Nov 2004 GB
2401638 Nov 2004 GB
2401639 Nov 2004 GB
2381019 Dec 2004 GB
2382368 Dec 2004 GB
2394979 Dec 2004 GB
2401136 Dec 2004 GB
2401137 Dec 2004 GB
2401138 Dec 2004 GB
2403970 Jan 2005 GB
2403971 Jan 2005 GB
2403972 Jan 2005 GB
2400624 Feb 2005 GB
2404676 Feb 2005 GB
2404677 Feb 2005 GB
2404680 Feb 2005 GB
2384807 Mar 2005 GB
2387861 Mar 2005 GB
2388134 Mar 2005 GB
2398320 Mar 2005 GB
2398323 Mar 2005 GB
2399120 Mar 2005 GB
2399848 Mar 2005 GB
2399849 Mar 2005 GB
2405893 Mar 2005 GB
2406117 Mar 2005 GB
2406118 Mar 2005 GB
2406119 Mar 2005 GB
2406120 Mar 2005 GB
2406125 Mar 2005 GB
2406126 Mar 2005 GB
2410518 Mar 2005 GB
2389597 May 2005 GB
2399119 May 2005 GB
2399580 May 2005 GB
2401630 May 2005 GB
2401631 May 2005 GB
2401632 May 2005 GB
2401633 May 2005 GB
2401634 May 2005 GB
2401635 May 2005 GB
2401636 May 2005 GB
2401637 May 2005 GB
2401638 May 2005 GB
2401639 May 2005 GB
2407593 May 2005 GB
2408278 May 2005 GB
2399579 Jun 2005 GB
2409216 Jun 2005 GB
2409218 Jun 2005 GB
2401893 Jul 2005 GB
2414749 Jul 2005 GB
2414750 Jul 2005 GB
2414751 Jul 2005 GB
2398326 Aug 2005 GB
2403970 Aug 2005 GB
2403971 Aug 2005 GB
2403972 Aug 2005 GB
2380503 Oct 2005 GB
2382828 Oct 2005 GB
2398317 Oct 2005 GB
2398318 Oct 2005 GB
2398319 Oct 2005 GB
2398321 Oct 2005 GB
2398322 Oct 2005 GB
2412681 Oct 2005 GB
2412682 Oct 2005 GB
2413136 Oct 2005 GB
2414493 Nov 2005 GB
2409217 Dec 2005 GB
2410518 Dec 2005 GB
2415003 Dec 2005 GB
2415219 Dec 2005 GB
2395506 Jan 2006 GB
2412681 Jan 2006 GB
2412682 Jan 2006 GB
2415979 Jan 2006 GB
2415983 Jan 2006 GB
2415987 Jan 2006 GB
2415988 Jan 2006 GB
2416177 Jan 2006 GB
2416361 Jan 2006 GB
2408278 Feb 2006 GB
2416556 Feb 2006 GB
2416794 Feb 2006 GB
2416795 Feb 2006 GB
2417273 Feb 2006 GB
2396639 Mar 2006 GB
2418216 Mar 2006 GB
2418217 Mar 2006 GB
2422860 Aug 2006 GB
2427636 Jan 2007 GB
2429482 Feb 2007 GB
2410280 Apr 2007 GB
2430953 Apr 2007 GB
2431179 Apr 2007 GB
2431181 Apr 2007 GB
2412178 May 2007 GB
2415215 May 2007 GB
2426993 May 2007 GB
2427636 May 2007 GB
2432383 May 2007 GB
2432384 May 2007 GB
2432385 May 2007 GB
2432386 May 2007 GB
2415003 Jun 2007 GB
2416556 Jul 2007 GB
2433756 Jul 2007 GB
2415454 Aug 2007 GB
2429226 Aug 2007 GB
2429996 Aug 2007 GB
2433281 Aug 2007 GB
2435280 Aug 2007 GB
2415983 Sep 2007 GB
2415987 Sep 2007 GB
2416361 Sep 2007 GB
2421529 Sep 2007 GB
2429480 Sep 2007 GB
2429482 Sep 2007 GB
2436114 Sep 2007 GB
2415988 Oct 2007 GB
2424437 Oct 2007 GB
2427886 Oct 2007 GB
2429481 Oct 2007 GB
2432388 Oct 2007 GB
2433757 Oct 2007 GB
2433758 Oct 2007 GB
2435064 Oct 2007 GB
2436931 Oct 2007 GB
2437045 Oct 2007 GB
2437467 Oct 2007 GB
2416794 Nov 2007 GB
2429224 Nov 2007 GB
2429225 Nov 2007 GB
2436743 Nov 2007 GB
2437044 Nov 2007 GB
2437879 Nov 2007 GB
2437880 Nov 2007 GB
2408277 May 2008 GB
044.3922005 Sep 2005 ID
59-197323 Nov 1984 JP
208458 Oct 1985 JP
6475715 Mar 1989 JP
102875 Apr 1995 JP
11-169975 Jun 1999 JP
94068 Apr 2000 JP
107870 Apr 2000 JP
162192 Jun 2000 JP
2001-47161 Feb 2001 JP
P2001-47161 Feb 2001 JP
2006-525483 Aug 2007 JP
6505793 Nov 1965 NL
9001081 Dec 1991 NL
113267 May 1998 RO
1786241 Jan 1993 RU
1804543 Mar 1993 RU
1810482 Apr 1993 RU
1818459 May 1993 RU
2016345 Jul 1994 RU
1295799 Feb 1995 RU
2039214 Jul 1995 RU
2056201 Mar 1996 RU
2064357 Jul 1996 RU
2068940 Nov 1996 RU
2068943 Nov 1996 RU
2079633 May 1997 RU
2083798 Jul 1997 RU
2091655 Sep 1997 RU
2095179 Nov 1997 RU
2105128 Feb 1998 RU
2108445 Apr 1998 RU
2144128 Jan 2000 RU
350833 Sep 1972 SU
511468 Sep 1976 SU
607950 May 1978 SU
612004 May 1978 SU
620582 Jul 1978 SU
641070 Jan 1979 SU
909114 May 1979 SU
832049 May 1981 SU
853089 Aug 1981 SU
874952 Oct 1981 SU
894169 Jan 1982 SU
899850 Jan 1982 SU
907220 Feb 1982 SU
953172 Aug 1982 SU
959878 Sep 1982 SU
976019 Nov 1982 SU
976020 Nov 1982 SU
989038 Jan 1983 SU
1002514 Mar 1983 SU
1041671 Sep 1983 SU
1051222 Oct 1983 SU
1086118 Apr 1984 SU
1077803 Jul 1984 SU
1158400 May 1985 SU
1212575 Feb 1986 SU
1250637 Aug 1986 SU
1324722 Jul 1987 SU
1411434 Jul 1988 SU
1430498 Oct 1988 SU
1432190 Oct 1988 SU
1601330 Oct 1990 SU
1627663 Feb 1991 SU
1659621 Jun 1991 SU
1663179 Jul 1991 SU
1663180 Jul 1991 SU
1677225 Sep 1991 SU
1677248 Sep 1991 SU
1686123 Oct 1991 SU
1686124 Oct 1991 SU
1686125 Oct 1991 SU
1698413 Dec 1991 SU
1710694 Feb 1992 SU
1730429 Apr 1992 SU
1745873 Jul 1992 SU
1747673 Jul 1992 SU
1749267 Jul 1992 SU
WO8100132 Jan 1981 WO
WO9005598 Mar 1990 WO
WO9201859 Feb 1992 WO
WO9208875 May 1992 WO
WO9325799 Dec 1993 WO
WO 9325800 Dec 1993 WO
WO9325800 Dec 1993 WO
WO9421887 Sep 1994 WO
WO9425655 Nov 1994 WO
WO9503476 Feb 1995 WO
WO9601937 Jan 1996 WO
WO9621083 Jul 1996 WO
WO9626350 Aug 1996 WO
WO 9610710 Nov 1996 WO
WO9637681 Nov 1996 WO
WO9706346 Feb 1997 WO
WO9711306 Mar 1997 WO
WO9717524 May 1997 WO
WO9717526 May 1997 WO
WO9717527 May 1997 WO
WO9720130 Jun 1997 WO
WO9721901 Jun 1997 WO
WO9735084 Sep 1997 WO
WO9800826 Jan 1998 WO
WO9807957 Feb 1998 WO
WO9809053 Mar 1998 WO
WO 9822690 May 1998 WO
WO9822690 May 1998 WO
WO9826152 Jun 1998 WO
WO 9842947 Oct 1998 WO
WO9842947 Oct 1998 WO
WO9849423 Nov 1998 WO
WO9902818 Jan 1999 WO
WO9904135 Jan 1999 WO
WO9906670 Feb 1999 WO
WO9908827 Feb 1999 WO
WO9908828 Feb 1999 WO
WO9918328 Apr 1999 WO
WO9923354 May 1999 WO
WO9925524 May 1999 WO
WO9925951 May 1999 WO
WO9935368 Jul 1999 WO
WO9943923 Sep 1999 WO
WO0001926 Jan 2000 WO
WO0004271 Jan 2000 WO
WO0008301 Feb 2000 WO
WO 0008301 Feb 2000 WO
WO0026500 May 2000 WO
WO0026501 May 2000 WO
WO0026502 May 2000 WO
WO0031375 Jun 2000 WO
WO0037766 Jun 2000 WO
WO0037767 Jun 2000 WO
WO0037768 Jun 2000 WO
WO0037771 Jun 2000 WO
WO 0037771 Jun 2000 WO
WO0037772 Jun 2000 WO
WO0039432 Jul 2000 WO
WO0046484 Aug 2000 WO
WO0050727 Aug 2000 WO
WO0050732 Aug 2000 WO
WO0050733 Aug 2000 WO
WO0077431 Dec 2000 WO
WO0104520 Jan 2001 WO
WO0104535 Jan 2001 WO
WO0118354 Mar 2001 WO
WO 0118354 Mar 2001 WO
WO0121929 Mar 2001 WO
WO0026860 Apr 2001 WO
WO0133037 May 2001 WO
WO 0133037 May 2001 WO
WO0138693 May 2001 WO
WO0160545 Aug 2001 WO
WO0183943 Nov 2001 WO
WO0198623 Dec 2001 WO
WO 0198623 Dec 2001 WO
WO0201102 Jan 2002 WO
WO0210550 Feb 2002 WO
WO0210551 Feb 2002 WO
WO 0220941 Mar 2002 WO
WO0223007 Mar 2002 WO
WO0225059 Mar 2002 WO
WO0229199 Apr 2002 WO
WO 0238343 May 2002 WO
WO0240825 May 2002 WO
WO02053867 Jul 2002 WO
WO02053867 Jul 2002 WO
WO02059456 Aug 2002 WO
WO02066783 Aug 2002 WO
WO02068792 Sep 2002 WO
WO02073000 Sep 2002 WO
WO02075107 Sep 2002 WO
WO02077411 Oct 2002 WO
WO02081863 Oct 2002 WO
WO02081864 Oct 2002 WO
WO02086285 Oct 2002 WO
WO02086286 Oct 2002 WO
WO02090713 Nov 2002 WO
WO02095181 Nov 2002 WO
WO02103150 Dec 2002 WO
WO03004819 Jan 2003 WO
WO03004819 Jan 2003 WO
WO03004820 Jan 2003 WO
WO03004820 Jan 2003 WO
WO03008756 Jan 2003 WO
WO03012255 Feb 2003 WO
WO03016669 Feb 2003 WO
WO03016669 Feb 2003 WO
WO03023178 Mar 2003 WO
WO 03023178 Mar 2003 WO
WO03023178 Mar 2003 WO
WO03023179 Mar 2003 WO
WO03023179 Mar 2003 WO
WO03029607 Apr 2003 WO
WO03029608 Apr 2003 WO
WO03036018 May 2003 WO
WO03042486 May 2003 WO
WO03042486 May 2003 WO
WO03042487 May 2003 WO
WO03042487 May 2003 WO
WO03042489 May 2003 WO
WO03048520 Jun 2003 WO
WO03048521 Jun 2003 WO
WO03055616 Jul 2003 WO
WO03058022 Jul 2003 WO
WO03058022 Jul 2003 WO
WO03059549 Jul 2003 WO
WO03064813 Aug 2003 WO
WO03069115 Aug 2003 WO
WO03071086 Aug 2003 WO
WO03071086 Aug 2003 WO
WO03078785 Sep 2003 WO
WO03078785 Sep 2003 WO
WO03086675 Oct 2003 WO
WO03086675 Oct 2003 WO
WO03089161 Oct 2003 WO
WO03089161 Oct 2003 WO
WO 03093623 Nov 2003 WO
WO03093623 Nov 2003 WO
WO03093623 Nov 2003 WO
WO 03093624 Nov 2003 WO
WO03102365 Dec 2003 WO
WO03104601 Dec 2003 WO
WO03104601 Dec 2003 WO
WO03106130 Dec 2003 WO
WO03106130 Dec 2003 WO
WO2004003337 Jan 2004 WO
WO2004009950 Jan 2004 WO
WO2004010039 Jan 2004 WO
WO2004010039 Jan 2004 WO
WO2004011776 Feb 2004 WO
WO2004011776 Feb 2004 WO
WO2004018823 Mar 2004 WO
WO2004018823 Mar 2004 WO
WO2004018824 Mar 2004 WO
WO2004018824 Mar 2004 WO
WO2004020895 Mar 2004 WO
WO2004020895 Mar 2004 WO
WO2004023014 Mar 2004 WO
WO2004023014 Mar 2004 WO
WO2004026017 Apr 2004 WO
WO2004026017 Apr 2004 WO
WO2004026073 Apr 2004 WO
WO2004026073 Apr 2004 WO
WO2004026500 Apr 2004 WO
WO 2004026500 Apr 2004 WO
WO2004026500 Apr 2004 WO
WO2004027200 Apr 2004 WO
WO2004027200 Apr 2004 WO
WO 2004027201 Apr 2004 WO
WO2004027204 Apr 2004 WO
WO2004027204 Apr 2004 WO
WO2004027205 Apr 2004 WO
WO2004027205 Apr 2004 WO
WO2004027392 Apr 2004 WO
WO2004027786 Apr 2004 WO
WO2004027786 Apr 2004 WO
WO 2004053434 Jun 2004 WO
WO2004053434 Jun 2004 WO
WO2004053434 Jun 2004 WO
WO2004057715 Jul 2004 WO
WO2004057715 Jul 2004 WO
WO2004067961 Aug 2004 WO
WO2004067961 Aug 2004 WO
WO2004072436 Aug 2004 WO
WO2004074622 Sep 2004 WO
WO2004074622 Sep 2004 WO
WO2004076798 Sep 2004 WO
WO2004076798 Sep 2004 WO
WO2004081346 Sep 2004 WO
WO2004083591 Sep 2004 WO
WO2004083591 Sep 2004 WO
WO2004083592 Sep 2004 WO
WO2004083592 Sep 2004 WO
WO2004083593 Sep 2004 WO
WO2004083594 Sep 2004 WO
WO2004083594 Sep 2004 WO
WO2004085790 Oct 2004 WO
WO2004089608 Oct 2004 WO
WO2004092527 Oct 2004 WO
WO2004092528 Oct 2004 WO
WO2004092528 Oct 2004 WO
WO2004092530 Oct 2004 WO
WO2004092530 Oct 2004 WO
WO2004094766 Nov 2004 WO
WO2004094766 Nov 2004 WO
WO2005017303 Feb 2005 WO
WO2005021921 Mar 2005 WO
WO2005021921 Mar 2005 WO
WO2005021922 Mar 2005 WO
WO2005021922 Mar 2005 WO
WO2005024170 Mar 2005 WO
WO2005024170 Mar 2005 WO
WO2005024171 Mar 2005 WO
WO2005028803 Mar 2005 WO
WO2005071212 Apr 2005 WO
WO2005079186 Sep 2005 WO
WO2005079186 Sep 2005 WO
WO2005081803 Sep 2005 WO
WO2005086614 Sep 2005 WO
WO2006014333 Feb 2006 WO
WO2006020723 Feb 2006 WO
WO2006020726 Feb 2006 WO
WO2006020734 Feb 2006 WO
WO2006020809 Feb 2006 WO
WO2006020810 Feb 2006 WO
WO2006020827 Feb 2006 WO
WO2006020913 Feb 2006 WO
WO2006020960 Feb 2006 WO
WO2006033720 Mar 2006 WO
WO 2006096762 Sep 2006 WO
WO 2007047193 Apr 2007 WO
WO 2007076078 Jul 2007 WO
WO 2007079321 Jul 2007 WO
Related Publications (1)
Number Date Country
20060048948 A1 Mar 2006 US
Provisional Applications (6)
Number Date Country
60137998 Jun 1999 US
60131106 Apr 1999 US
60124042 Mar 1999 US
60121702 Feb 1999 US
60119611 Feb 1999 US
60111293 Dec 1998 US
Continuation in Parts (7)
Number Date Country
Parent 10030593 US
Child 11249967 US
Parent 09588946 Jun 2000 US
Child 10030593 US
Parent 09559122 Apr 2000 US
Child 09588946 US
Parent 09523460 Mar 2000 US
Child 09559122 US
Parent 09510913 Feb 2000 US
Child 09523460 US
Parent 09502350 Feb 2000 US
Child 09510913 US
Parent 09454139 Dec 1999 US
Child 09502350 US