Claims
- 1. A method of increasing the reproductive performance of a female swine, comprising the step of administering to the female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products containing-omega-3 fatty acids or esters thereof that serve as a source of metabolites in the female swine to improve reproductive performance of the female swine.
- 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the marine animal product is selected from the group consisting of a fish oil, a fish oil derived from a fish meal product, and a fish meal product or a mixture thereof.
- 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the marine animal product comprises a fish oil from a North Atlantic cold water fish.
- 4. The method of claim 3 wherein the fish oil comprises salmon oil.
- 5. The method of claim 1 wherein the feed composition further comprises omega-6 fatty acids or esters thereof.
- 6. The method of claim 5 wherein the omega-6 fatty acids/esters to omega-3 fatty acids/esters ratio in the feed composition as a final mixture is from about 3:1 to about 20:1.
- 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the omega-3 fatty acids comprise C20 and C22 omega-3 fatty acids.
- 8. The method of claim 4 wherein the feed composition as a final mixture comprises about 0.025% to about 1% by weight of salmon oil.
- 9. The method of claim 2 wherein the feed composition as a final mixture comprises about 0.025% to about 1% by weight of the fish oil.
- 10. The method of claim 4 wherein the feed composition as a final mixture comprises about 0.025% to about 2% by weight of salmon oil.
- 11. The method of claim 2 wherein the feed composition as a final mixture comprises about 0.025% to about 2% by weight of the fish oil.
- 12. The method of claim 2 wherein the feed composition as a final mixture comprises about 1% to about 10% by weight of the fish meal product.
- 13. The method of claim 1 wherein the feed composition is administered daily to the female animal.
- 14. The method of claim 1 wherein the feed composition is administered to the female swine beginning about 30 days before a first mating of the female swine during an estrus and continuing through a second mating of the female swine during the same estrus.
- 15. The method of claim 1 wherein the feed composition is administered to the female swine beginning about 1 to about 4 days prior to parturition and continuing through the next breeding.
- 16. The method of claim 1 wherein the feed composition is administered during lactation.
- 17. The method of claim 1 wherein the feed composition as a final mixture further comprises an antioxidant.
- 18. The method of claim 2 wherein the omega fatty acids in the fish oil are stabilized by prilling.
- 19. A method of increasing the number of live births to a female swine, comprising the step of administering to the female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products containing omega-3 fatty acids or esters thereof that serve as a source of metabolites in the female swine to increase the number of live births to the female swine.
- 20. A method of increasing the total number of births to a female swine, comprising the step of administering to the female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products containing omega-3 fatty acids or esters thereof that serve as a source of metabolites in the female swine to increase the total number of births to the female swine.
- 21. A method of decreasing the interval from weaning to estrus for a female swine, comprising the step of administering to the female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products containing omega-3 fatty acids or esters thereof that serve as a source of metabolites in the female swine to decrease the interval from weaning to estrus for a female swine.
- 22. A method of decreasing the interval from weaning to remating for a female swine, comprising the step of administering to the female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products containing omega-3 fatty acids or esters thereof that serve as a source of metabolites in the female swine to decrease the interval from weaning to remating for a female swine.
- 23. A method of increasing the uniformity of birth weight of offspring of a female swine, comprising the step of administering to the female animal a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products containing omega-3 fatty acids or esters thereof that serve as a source of metabolites in the female swine to increase the uniformity of birth weight of offspring of a female swine.
- 24. A method of decreasing pre-weaning death loss of the offspring of a female swine, comprising the step of administering to the female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products containing omega-3 fatty acids or esters thereof that serve as a source of metabolites in the female swine to decrease pre-weaning death loss of the offspring of the female swine.
- 25. A method of increasing the farrowing rate of a female swine, comprising the step of administering to the female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products containing omega-3 fatty acids or esters thereof that serve as a source of metabolites in the female swine to increase the farrowing rate of the female swine.
- 26. A method of increasing the fertility of a male swine, comprising the step of administering to the male swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising an oil containing omega-3 fatty acids or esters thereof that serve as a source of metabolites in the male swine to increase fertility of the male swine.
- 27. The method of claim 26 wherein the oil is a marine animal product.
- 28. The method of claim 26 wherein the oil is salmon oil.
- 29. The method of claim 26 wherein the oil is added to the feed composition in the form of fish meal.
- 30. The method of claim 26 wherein the oil is selected from the group consisting of a fish oil, an oil derived from a fish meal product, an oil derived from a plant, and an oil derived from ground seed, or a combination/mixture thereof.
- 31. The method of claim 26 wherein the increase in fertility of the male swine results from a decrease in the percentage of abnormal sperm.
- 32. The method of claim 26 wherein the oil comprises C20 and C22 omega-3 fatty acids and esters thereof.
- 33. The method of claim 28 wherein the feed composition as a final mixture comprises about 0.025% to about 1% by weight of salmon oil.
- 34. The method of claim 30 wherein the feed composition as a final mixture comprises about 0.025% to about 1% by weight of the fish oil.
- 35. The method of claim 28 wherein the feed composition as a final mixture comprises about 0.025% to about 2% by weight of salmon oil.
- 36. The method of claim 30 wherein the feed composition as a final mixture comprises about 0.025% to about 2% by weight of the fish oil.
- 37. The method of claim 29 wherein the feed composition as a final mixture comprises about 1% to about 10% of the fish meal.
- 38. The method of claim 26 wherein the feed composition is administered daily to the male animal.
- 39. The method of claim 26 wherein the feed composition as a final mixture further comprises an antioxidant.
- 40. The method of claim 26 wherein the omega-3 fatty acids in the oil are stabilized by prilling.
- 41. A method of increasing the reproductive performance of a breeding population of swine comprising the steps of:
administering to a female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products containing omega-3 fatty acids or esters thereof that serve as a source of metabolites in the female swine to improve reproductive performance of the female swine; and administering to a male swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising an oil containing omega-3 fatty acids or esters thereof that serve as a source of metabolites in the male swine to increase fertility of the male swine.
- 42. A swine feed composition comprising an animal feed blend and marine animal products.
- 43. The swine feed composition of claim 42 wherein the marine animal products comprise salmon oil.
- 44. The swine feed composition of claim 43 wherein the feed composition as a final mixture comprises about 0.025% to about 1% by weight of salmon oil.
- 45. The swine feed composition of claim 43 wherein the feed composition as a final mixture comprises about 0.025% to about 2% by weight of salmon oil.
- 46. The swine feed composition of claim 43 wherein the salmon oil comprises omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids and esters thereof.
- 47. The swine feed composition of claim 46 wherein the ratio of omega-6 fatty acids/esters to omega-3 fatty acids/esters in the feed composition as a final mixture is from about 3:1 to about 20:1.
- 48. The swine feed composition of claim 43 wherein the salmon oil comprises C20 and C22 omega-3 fatty acids and esters thereof.
- 49. The method of claim 46 wherein the omega-3 fatty acids in the salmon oil are stabilized by prilling.
- 50. A swine feed composition comprising an animal feed blend and marine animal products from which are derived omega-3 fatty acids selected from the group consisting of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaneoic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid or a mixture thereof.
- 51. A swine feed composition comprising marine animal products that serve as a source of omega-3 fatty acids in the animal.
- 52. A swine feed composition comprising fish oil, a fish oil derived from fish meal, or fish meal products, or a mixture thereof that serve as a source of omega-3 fatty acids in the animal.
- 53. The swine feed composition of claim 52 wherein the omega-3 fatty acids are stabilized by prilling.
- 54. The swine feed composition of claim 52 wherein the feed composition as a final mixture comprises about 0.025% to about 1% by weight of the fish oil.
- 55. The swine feed composition of claim 52 wherein the feed composition as a final mixture comprises about 0.025% to about 2% by weight of the fish oil.
- 56. The swine feed composition of claim 52 wherein the feed composition as a final mixture comprises about 1% to about 10% by weight of the fish meal products.
- 57. A swine feed composition comprising a plant oil excluding flaxseed oil.
- 58. A swine feed composition comprising a plant oil derived from ground seed excluding flaxseed oil derived from ground seed.
- 59. A swine feed composition comprising a fish oil from a North Atlantic cold water fish that serves as a source of omega-3 fatty acids in the animal.
- 60. A method of increasing the reproductive performance of a female swine, comprising the step of administering to the female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products from which are derived omega-3 fatty acids selected from the group consisting of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaneoic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid or a mixture thereof wherein the composition is administered for a time sufficient to increase the reproductive performance of the female swine.
- 61. A method of increasing the number of live births to a female swine, comprising the step of administering to the female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products from which are derived omega-3 fatty acids selected from the group consisting of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaneoic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid or a mixture thereof wherein the composition is administered for a time sufficient to increase the number of live births to the female swine.
- 62. A method of increasing the number of total births to a female swine, comprising the step of administering to the female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products from which are derived omega-3 fatty acids selected from the group consisting of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaneoic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid or a mixture thereof wherein the composition is administered for a time sufficient to increase the number of total births to the female swine.
- 63. A method of decreasing the interval from weaning to estrus for a female swine, comprising the step of administering to the female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products from which are derived omega-3 fatty acids selected from the group consisting of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaneoic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid or a mixture thereof wherein the composition is administered for a time sufficient to decrease the interval from weaning to estrus for the female swine.
- 64. A method of decreasing the interval from weaning to remating for a female swine, comprising the step of administering to the female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products from which are derived omega-3 fatty acids selected from the group consisting of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaneoic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid or a mixture thereof wherein the composition is administered for a time sufficient to decrease the interval from weaning to remating for the female swine.
- 65. A method of increasing the uniformity of birth weight of offspring of a female swine, comprising the step of administering to the female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products from which are derived omega-3 fatty acids selected from the group consisting of eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaneoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid or a mixture thereof wherein the composition is administered for a time sufficient to increase the uniformity of birth weight of offspring of the female swine.
- 66. A method of decreasing pre-weaning death loss of the offspring of a female swine, comprising the step of administering to the female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products from which are derived omega-3 fatty acids selected from the group consisting of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaneoic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid or a mixture thereof wherein the composition is administered for a time sufficient to decrease the pre-weaning death loss of the offspring of the female swine.
- 67. A method of increasing the farrowing rate of a female swine, comprising the step of administering to the female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products from which are derived omega-3 fatty acids selected from the group consisting of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaneoic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid or a mixture thereof wherein the composition is administered for a time sufficient to increase the farrowing rate of the female swine.
- 68. A method of increasing the fertility of a male swine, comprising the step of administering to the male swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising an oil from which is derived omega-3 fatty acids selected from the group consisting of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaneoic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid or a mixture thereof wherein the composition is administered for a time sufficient to increase the fertility of the male swine.
- 69. A method of increasing the reproductive performance of a breeding population of swine comprising the steps of:
ad,omostering to a female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising a biologically effective amount of an oil from which is derived omega-3 fatty acids selected from the group consisting of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaneoic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid or a mixture thereof wherein the composition is administered for a time sufficient to increase the fertility of the male swine.
- 70. A method of increasing the reproductive performance of a female swine, comprising the step of administering to the female swine a biologically effective amount of a feed composition comprising marine animal products containing omega-3 fatty acids or estera thereof.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/208,616, filed Jun. 1, 2000.
Provisional Applications (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
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60208616 |
Jun 2000 |
US |
Divisions (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
09870899 |
May 2001 |
US |
Child |
10142685 |
May 2002 |
US |