Claims
- 1. A compound having the formula:
- 2. The compound of claim 1 wherein Y is P.
- 3. The compound of claim 2 wherein R1 and R2 are phenyl and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are phenyl.
- 4. The compound of claim 2 wherein R1 and R2 are 3-methylphenyl and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are phenyl.
- 5. The compound of claim 2 wherein R1 and R2 are 3-t-butylphenyl and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are phenyl.
- 6. The compound of claim 2 wherein R1 and R2 are 3-methoxyphenyl and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are phenyl.
- 7. The compound of claim 2 wherein R1 and R2 are 2,4-di(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are phenyl.
- 8. The compound of claim 2 wherein R1 and R2 are 1,2,3,4,5-pentafluorophenyl and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are phenyl.
- 9. The compound of claim 2 wherein R1 and R2 are phenyl-d5 and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are phenyl.
- 10. The compound of claim 2 wherein R1 and R2 are phenyl and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are t-butyl.
- 11. The compound of claim 2 wherein R1 and R2 are is 3-t-butylphenyl and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are t-butyl.
- 12. The compound of claim 2 wherein R1 and R2 are is phenyl and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are methyl.
- 13. The compound of claim 2 wherein R1 and R2 are is phenyl and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are 3-t-butylphenyl.
- 14. The compound of claim 2 wherein R1 and R2 are is phenyl and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are 2,4-di(trifluoromethyl)phenyl.
- 15. The compound of claim 1 wherein Y is N.
- 16. The compound of claim 15 where R1 and R2 are phenyl; and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are methyl.
- 17. The compound of claim 15 where R1 and R2 are phenyl; and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are isobutyl.
- 18. The compound of claim 15 where R1 and R2 are phenyl; and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are t-butyl.
- 19. The compound of claim 15 where R1 and R2 are phenyl; and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are penyl.
- 20. A zwitterionic complex of the formula:
- 21. The complex of claim 20 wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, manganese, rhenium, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, and aluminum.
- 22. The complex of claim 21 wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of nickel, palladium, and platinum.
- 23. The complex of claim 21 wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of cobalt, rhodium and iridium.
- 24. The complex of claim 20 wherein R1 and R2 are phenyl; R3, R4, R5 and R6 are phenyl; and Y is P.
- 25. The complex of claim 24 wherein Z is nickel.
- 26. The complex of claim 24 wherein Z is palladium or platinum.
- 27. The complex of claim 24 wherein Z is rhodium.
- 28. The complex of claim 20 wherein R7 is a mono or bidentate, displaceable neutral donor ligand.
- 29. The complex of claim 28 wherein R8 is a mono or bidentate, displaceable neutral donor ligand.
- 30. The complex of claim 20 wherein the mono or bidentate, displaceable neutral donor ligand is selected from the group consisting of acetone, acetonitrile, olefin adducts, carbon monoxide, pyridine, tertiary phosphines, tertiary amines and diethyl ether.
- 31. A zwitterionic complex of the formula III:
- 32. The complex of claim 31 wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, manganese, rhenium, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, and aluminum.
- 33. The complex of claim 31 wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of nickel, palladium, and platinum.
- 34. The complex of claim 31 wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of cobalt, rhodium and iridium.
- 35. The complex of claim 31 wherein R1 and R2 are phenyl; R3, R R5 and R6 are phenyl; and Y is P.
- 36. The complex of claim 35 wherein Z is nickel.
- 37. The complex of claim 35 wherein Z is palladium or platinum.
- 38. The complex of claim 35 wherein Z is rhodium.
- 39. The complex of claim 31 wherein R7 is a mono or bidentate, displaceable neutral donor ligand.
- 40. The complex of claim 39 wherein the mono or bidentate, displaceable neutral donor ligand is selected from the group consisting of acetone, acetonitrile, olefin adducts, carbon monoxide, pyridine, tertiary phosphines, tertiary amines and diethyl ether.
- 41. A method of catalyzing a reaction wherein transformation of a robust sigma bond in an organic compound is required, comprising:
a) contacting the organic compound with i) an organic or inorganic reagent, and ii) a zwitterionic complex of an anionic borate ligand having the formula: 33 and a metal compound; wherein:
R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl and aryl; Y is selected from the group consisting of P and N; and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl and aryl; and b) producing an organic compound having a transformed robust sigma bond.
- 42. The method of claim 41 wherein the zwitterionic complex has the formula:
- 43. The method of claim 41 wherein the zwitterionic complex has the formula:
- 44. The method of claim 41 wherein the robust sigma bond is an E—H bond where E is selected from the group consisting of C, B, Si, N, H and O.
- 45. The method of claim 44 wherein the robust sigma bond is a C—H bond.
- 46. The method of claim 44 wherein the reaction is benzene C—H activation.
- 47. The method of claim 44 wherein the reaction is a polymerization reaction.
- 48. The method of claim 47 wherein the reaction is the copolymerization of ethylene and carbon monoxide to yield —[(CH2)2—(CO)]n—.
- 49. The method of claim 44 wherein the reaction is an organic transformation.
- 50. The method of claim 44 wherein the reaction is an alkane activation reaction.
- 51. The method of claim 50 wherein the reaction is a palladium or platinum catalyzed C—H activation reaction.
- 52. The method of claim 44 wherein the reaction is an alkane functionalization reaction.
- 53. The method of claim 52 wherein the reaction is an alkane oxidation.
- 54. The method of claim 41 wherein the organic compound is an olefin or alkyne, and the reaction is an addition of an H—E bond, wherein the H—E bond is selected from the group consisting of H—H, H—Si, H—B, H—C, and H—N.
- 55. The method of claim 54 wherein the reaction is a hydrogenation reaction.
- 56. The method of claim 54 wherein the reaction is a hydrosilation reaction.
- 57. The method of claim 54 wherein the reaction is a hydroboration reaction.
- 58. The method of claim 4 wherein the reaction is a hydroacylation reaction.
- 59. The method of claim 41 wherein the reaction is the selective activation of sp3-hybridized bonds.
CROSS REFERENCE To RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 60/280,638 filed on Mar. 30, 2001.
Provisional Applications (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
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60280638 |
Mar 2001 |
US |