Patent Application
20220143449
The present invention relates, in general, to exercise devices and, more particularly, to an ankle exercise device.
There are approximately 2 million acute ankle sprains in the United States annually. A history of ankle injury is a strong risk factor for future ankle injuries. There is a need for a device to strengthen the ankle properly using correct body mechanics without the need for skilled physical therapy. While strengthening the ankle it is imperative to perform all exercises properly. The current methodology for strengthening the ankle in a skilled physical therapy setting is through the use of resistance bands with the assistance of a therapist. The therapist holds the resistance bands in specific tensioning directions with the appropriate lever arm for specific muscle isolation, while also providing verbal and tactile cues to the patient for proper body mechanics. The goal of the therapist's interventions is to decrease compensatory and/or aberrant movement, decrease the risk of pain, decrease over-use of small muscle groups, and educate the patient.
It is normal for patients to be educated and provided with a home exercise program to perform these same exercises to maintain gains and allow for timely progressions towards goals of strength, stability, and safe mobility when standing, ambulating and mobilizing on all surfaces. Due to the complexity of the musculoskeletal structures and the biomechanics and kinematics of ankle joints, it is difficult for patients to perform the exercises properly without supervision. When performing home exercises, patients often have difficulty with proper band placement, consistent tension on the resistance band, and compensatory unwanted movement at the hip joint. Proper band placement difficulties include difficulties with proper placement of the contralateral foot to achieve the necessary direction of resistance. Inconsistent resistance band tension prevents standardizing and quantifying the load. Aberrant compensatory movement at the hip joint limits ankle strengthening. Further, with these difficulties patient non-compliance becomes a large factor where the patient become discouraged and is no longer able to perform home exercises perpetuating their ankle weakness, eliciting dependence on health care providers and increasing their risk for re-injury.
This disclosure describes, generally, an ankle exercise device. The device includes a frame, a rotational component, resistance bands, and a heel rest. The ankle exercisers are useful for the strengthening and rehabilitation of ankles and feet for people of all ages (pediatric to geriatric). The rotational component within a rotational frame member and the heel mount base are both attached to the frame.
The rotational component allows for side by side mounting of resistance bands used to resist the motion of the forefoot in either the horizontal or vertical directions. The rotational component rotates 90° between the horizontal and vertical orientations. When the rotational component is aligned with the resistance bands in the horizontal direction, the bands provide resistance to rotation of the ankle in the vertical direction. When the rotational component is aligned with the resistance bands in the vertical direction, the bands provide resistance to rotation of the ankle in the horizontal direction.
The heel rest contains a heel support plate supporting the heel that is rotatably connected to the heel support base through a hinge assembly. The hinge assembly allows the heel support plate to rotate downward in the plantarflexion direction. The heel support base is also adjustable horizontally to align the heads of the metatarsals between the resistance bands and to accommodate various foot size variations.
This device allows patients ease in performing exercises in all four directional planes at the ankle joint without needing to hold a resistance band. Resistance bands are securely placed the same way each time to standardize the workload for measurable strength each use, to determine gains and to allow for progressions of stronger resistance bands and/or to tighten the band consistently each time. Strengthening at the ankle using this device will improve a patient's stability, and allow for improved ankle adaptations on all surfaces when ambulating, standing, and running.
The present invention will be further described and explained by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
Some embodiments of the present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all, embodiments of the invention are shown. Indeed, various embodiments of the invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. Some components of the exercise device are not shown in one or more of the figures for clarity and to facilitate explanation of embodiments of the present invention.
It is to be understood that terms such as “left,” “right,” “top,” “bottom,” “front,” “rear,” “side,” “height,” “length,” “width,” “upper,” “lower,” “interior,” “exterior,” “inner,” “outer,” and the like that may be used herein merely describe points of reference and do not necessarily limit embodiments of the present disclosure to any particular orientation or configuration. Furthermore, terms such as “first,” “second,” “third,” etc., merely identify one of a number of portions, components, steps, operations, functions, and/or points of reference as disclosed herein, and likewise do not necessarily limit embodiments of the present disclosure to any particular configuration or orientation.
Furthermore, the terms “approximately,” “proximate,” “minor,” and similar terms generally refer to ranges that include the identified value within a margin of 20%, 10% or preferably 5% in certain embodiments, and any values there between.
The ankle exercise device can allow patients to easily perform exercises in all four directions—dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, inversion, and eversion—at the ankle joint without requiring the patient to hold a resistance band. The ankle exercise device can also allow the patient to switch between exercising in the dorsiflexion/plantarflexion directions and exercising in the inversion/eversion directions by rotating a component of the device.
An ankle exercise device 10, shown in
The base frame 11 has a planar bottom surface 111 that is large enough to provide stability during use of the device. The base frame 11 may also have a planar top surface 112. The base frame 11 is connected to the rotational frame member 15. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the rotational frame member 15 may be connected to the base frame 11 at approximately a right angle, with the rotational frame member 15 connected to the planar top surface 112. The rotational frame member 15 is in a rectangular shape in this embodiment, but it may be formed of any shape sufficient to contain the rotational component 14. The base frame 11 may provide a general support and framework for various elements of the ankle exercise device. For example, as illustrated in the figure, the base frame 11 may include a plurality of elongate structural members that strengthen the base frame 11.
The rotational frame member 15 may be constructed in a rectangular shape comprising two horizontal bars 151 and 152 connected at about ninety degree angles to two vertical bars 153 and 154. The horizontal bar 152 that is vertically lowermost of the rotational frame member 15 may be integrated with the base frame 11. The rotational frame member 15 may further include a front mounting plate 155 and a back mounting plate 156. The front mounting plate 155 mounts to the rotational frame member 15 on the side closest to the heel rest 12. The back mounting plate 156 mounts to the rotational frame member 15 on the side opposite the heel rest 12. The rotational frame member 15 may be provided with preferably four apertures 158 in the corners for receipt of mounting hardware. The front mounting plate 155 and back mounting plate 156 may be mounted to the rotational frame member 15 via conventional mounting hardware means such as bolts, screws, or rivets.
The rotational component 14 is contained within the rotational frame member 15 between the front mounting plate 155 and back mounting plate 156, and is preferably of a circular shape. The rotational component 14 may be supported by at least two roller bearings 141 that enable the rotational component 14 to rotate within the rotational frame member 15. The bearings 141 may be fixed between the front mounting plate 155 and back mounting plate 156 and support the rotational component 14 while allowing it to freely rotate within the rotational frame member 15. In one embodiment of the present invention, the rotational component 14 may be supported by four bearings 141. The bearings 141 may alternatively be ball bearings provided between the rotational component 14 and a bearing engagement surface within the rotational frame member 15. A locking mechanism 16 is provided in the rotational frame member 15 to lock the rotational component 14 in each of the two desired locations.
The rotational component 14 includes preferably two band mounts 142. The band mounts 142 are preferably on diametrically opposite sides of the rotational component 14. The band mounts 142 each contain preferably two resistance band attachment means 143. Such resistance band attachment means 143 may be hooks, loops, pegs, or any other equivalent manner of securing the resistance bands 13 to the band mounts 142. The resistance band attachment means 143 are preferably about one inch apart.
According to an alternative embodiment, the distance between the resistance band attachment means 143 may be adjustable. Such band attachment means may be slidably adjustable by a conventional means such as a worm drive or rack and pinion. In such an embodiment, the resistance band attachment means 143 are preferably adjustable from about one half inch to about two inches apart.
As can be seen in
The heel rest 12 comprises a heel support plate 121 with a widened “U” shaped cutout 122 appropriately sized to cup a user's heel. The widened “U” shaped cutout 122 is shaped as to allow a user to rotate the forefoot in the inversion and eversion directions with the heel as the pivot point. The opening of the widened “U” shaped cutout 122 is towards the resistance bands 13. The heel support plate 121 is rotatably connected to a heel support base 124 through a hinge assembly 127. The hinge assembly 127 allows the heel support plate 121 to rotate downward in the plantarflexion direction. The hinge assembly 127 prevents the heel support plate 121 from rotating past horizontal in the dorsiflexion direction.
As can be seen in
The heel support base 124 has a slidable adjustment mechanism 123 that slides along a central bar 113 of the base frame 11 to allow for foot size accommodation. The slidable adjustment mechanism 123 has a spring loaded locking pin mechanism 125 to engage with multiple holes 114 located along the central bar 113 of the base frame 11. The heel support base 124 is adjustable horizontally to align the heads of the user's metatarsals between the resistance bands 13.
Turning now to
In an additional embodiment of the present invention, the rotational component 14 may be electronically moved between the vertical and horizontal orientations. The rotational frame member 15 may comprise a conventional electric motor with appropriate control mechanisms to allow the user to select either the horizontal or vertical orientation. Alternatively, the distance between the resistance band attachment means 143 may be electronically adjusted between about zero inches and about twelve inches. In a more preferable embodiment the distance between the resistance bands 13 may be electronically adjusted between about one half inch and about two inches. Additionally, the ankle exercise device may be fitted with an electronic control unit 60 allowing for selection of the horizontal or vertical direction and control of the distance between the resistance bands 13 as depicted in
Turning to
Turning next to
In a particular exemplary implementation of the ankle exerciser, the device is to be utilized in a seated position to allow for toe touch weight bearing, and partial weight bearing precautions on heel rest for post-surgical patients and without weight bearing restrictions for all other patients. A person would sit on a bench, chair, or similar seating surface and place the heel of their foot on the heel rest. The bench, chair, or similar seating surface should be adjusted so that the patient's knee is anywhere between 50 and 90 degree knee flexion. With the bands in the horizontal position the patient will be able to move their foot in plantarflexion from 0 to a maximum of 55 degrees and in dorsiflexion from 0 to a maximum of 25 degrees before hitting the end stops allowing for full active range of motion and 5 degrees over for those with greater ranges. With the bands in the vertical position the patient will be able to rotate left and right into inversion from 0 to a maximum of 35 degrees and eversion from 0 to a maximum of 25 degrees before hitting the end stops.
As will be apparent to those skilled in the art in the light of the foregoing disclosure, many alterations and modifications are possible in the practice of this invention without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Features described above in relation to specific embodiments may be combined with features described in relation to other embodiments.
