Patent Grant
10559883
The present invention relates to an antenna device that has a coil element, and an electronic apparatus provided with such an antenna device.
An antenna device that uses a metal member, such as a metal housing of an electronic apparatus, as a radiation element is disclosed in, for example, International Publication No. 2014/003163. This antenna device is configured so that a feed coil connected to a feed circuit may be co upled with a loop mainly by a metal member of an electronic apparatus, and the loop defines and functions as a radiator of magnetic flux.
While, in the antenna device that uses a metal member, such as a metal housing of an electronic apparatus, as a radiation element, in order to improve the function of a loop as a radiator of magnetic flux, an opening of the loop may be enlarged, the restriction of space is strict. In other words, it is difficult to provide an antenna device that achieves both space-saving and a high gain.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention provide antenna devices in which radiator function is improved without any size increase of the antenna devices, and electronic apparatuses including such antenna devices.
An antenna device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a conductive member including a first conductor portion; and a second conductor portion with a linear shape, the first conductor portion and the second conductor portion being electrically connected to each other; a coil element including a coupling coil to be connected to a feed circuit; and a capacitor, and the first conductor portion includes a conductor opening and a gap that connects the conductor opening and an outer edge of the first conductor portion; wherein the capacitor crosses the gap; the second conductor portion is connected to two points of an inner edge of the conductor opening, and, together with a portion of the first conductor portion and the capacitor, defines a loop-shaped current path; and the coupling coil is magnetically coupled to the loop-shaped current path.
With the above configuration, a resonant current of a circuit defined by the loop-shaped current path and the capacitor flows through a loop-shaped conductor, and the coupling between a portion into which the resonant current flows and a communication partner antenna increases.
The coil element may preferably include an auxiliary conductor to be magnetically coupled to the coupling coil, and the second conductor portion includes the connection portion of the auxiliary conductor. Accordingly, the coupling between the coupling coil and the auxiliary conductor, that is, the magnetic field coupling between the coupling coil and a loop-shaped conductor, is able to be increased easily. In addition, the variation in the degree of coupling between the coupling coil and the loop-shaped conductor due to the variation in the mounting position of the coupling coil is able to be reduced.
The first conductor portion may preferably include a planar conductor pattern. With this configuration, the conductor pattern that expands into a planar shape along the surface of a base material is able to be used as a first conductor portion.
At least a portion of the first conductor portion may preferably be a ground conductor pattern. Accordingly, the potential of the first conductor portion is stabilized. In addition, this makes it possible to prevent the first conductor portion from being a radiation source of noise.
The capacitor may preferably be adjacent to the outer edge of the first conductor portion. This improves the radiation characteristics of an antenna since the conductor opening expands significantly.
The antenna device may preferably further include a housing including a conductor portion including an end edge portion, and the coil element is adjacent to the end edge portion. With this configuration, the magnetic flux that passes through a portion other than the housing conductor portion easily passes through the coupling coil of the coil element. In addition, the housing conductor portion defines and functions as a radiation portion.
The antenna device may preferably further include a base material, and the first conductor portion and the second conductor portion may preferably be provided on the base material; and the coil element and the capacitor may preferably be mounted on the base material. Accordingly, the loop-shaped conductor and the coupling coil are strongly coupled. In addition, the accuracy of the positions of the first conductor portion, the second conductor portion, and the coil element is increased easily.
The base material may preferably include a surface, the coupling coil may preferably include a coil winding axis that is in parallel or substantially parallel to the surface of the base material, and the coil element may preferably include an end portion in a coil winding axis direction of the coupling coil, and, in a plan view of the base material, the end portion may preferably overlap the conductor opening. Accordingly, the degree of coupling between the coupling coil and the first conductor portion increases.
The base material may preferably include a surface, the coupling coil may preferably include a coil winding axis that is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the surface of the base material, the coupling coil may preferably include a coil opening, and, in a plan view of the base material, the coil opening may preferably overlap the conductor opening. Accordingly, the degree of coupling between the coupling coil and the first conductor portion increases.
An antenna device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a loop-shaped conductor; a coil element including a coupling coil to be connected to a feed circuit; a capacitor; and a conductive member, and the conductive member is connected to two different points of the loop-shaped conductor; the loop-shaped conductor, together with the capacitor, defines a loop-shaped current path; and the coupling coil is magnetically coupled to the loop-shaped current path.
With the above configuration, a resonant current of a circuit defined by the loop-shaped current path and the capacitor flows through a loop-shaped conductor, and the coupling between a portion into which the resonant current flows and a communication partner antenna increases.
The antenna device may preferably further include a housing including a conductor portion, and a portion or a whole of the conductive member may preferably be the conductor portion of the housing. Since, with this configuration, a portion of the housing of the electronic apparatus is able to be used as an antenna device, members dedicated to the antenna device are reduced, so that the miniaturization of the electronic apparatus or the higher gain of the antenna device is able to be achieved. In addition, the loop-shaped conductor defines and functions as a radiator of magnetic flux, and the coupling to a communication partner antenna is able to be further increased.
A portion or a whole of the conductive member may preferably be a ground conductor. This makes it possible to configure an antenna device without providing a member dedicated to a conductive member.
An electronic apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes an antenna device including a conductive member including a first conductor portion; and a second conductor portion with a linear shape, the first conductor portion and the second conductor portion being electrically connected to each other; a coil element including a coupling coil to be connected to a feed circuit; and a capacitor, and the first conductor portion includes a conductor opening; and a gap that connects the conductor opening and an outer edge of the first conductor portion; the capacitor crosses the gap; the second conductor portion is connected to two points of an inner edge of the conductor opening, and, together with a portion of the first conductor portion and the capacitor, defines a loop-shaped current path; and the coupling coil is magnetically coupled to the loop-shaped current path.
With the above configuration, members dedicated to the antenna device are reduced, so that the miniaturization of the electronic apparatus or the higher gain of the antenna device is able to be achieved. In addition, the loop-shaped current path defines and functions as a radiator of magnetic flux, and the coupling to a communication partner antenna is able to be further increased.
An electronic apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes an antenna device including a loop-shaped conductor; a coil element including a coupling coil to be connected to a feed circuit; a capacitor; and a conductive member; the conductive member is connected to two different points of the loop-shaped conductor; the loop-shaped conductor, together with the capacitor, defines a loop-shaped current path; and the coupling coil is magnetically coupled to the loop-shaped current path.
With the above configuration, members dedicated to the antenna device are reduced, so that the miniaturization of the electronic apparatus or the higher gain of the antenna device is able to be achieved. In addition, the loop-shaped conductor defines and functions as a radiator of magnetic flux, and the coupling to a communication partner antenna is able to be further increased.
According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, antenna devices that improve radiator function without any increase in size, and electronic apparatuses including such antenna devices are provided.
The above and other elements, features, steps, characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Hereinafter, a plurality of preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings and several specific examples. In the drawings, components and elements assigned with the same reference numerals or symbols will represent identical components and elements. While a plurality of preferred embodiments are described for the sake of convenience in consideration of easiness of description or understanding of main points, elements and features described in different preferred embodiments are able to be partially replaced and combined with each other. In each of the plurality of preferred embodiments, a description of matters that are the same as those will be omitted, and, in particular, the differences will be described. In addition, the same operational effects by the same configuration will not be described one by one for each preferred embodiment.
In each preferred embodiment described below, an “antenna device” is an antenna that emits magnetic flux, for example. The antenna device is an antenna that is preferably used for near field communication using magnetic field coupling to a communication partner side antenna and is used for communication such as an NFC (Near Field Communication), for example. The antenna device may preferably be used in a frequency band such as an HF band, for example, and may preferably be used, in particular, at a frequency of 13.56 MHz or near 13.56 MHz. Since the size of an antenna device is extremely small compared with a wavelength λ in the frequency to be used, the high radiation characteristics of electromagnetic waves are fundamentally difficult to obtain. The length of a coil conductor when the coil conductor of a coil antenna with which an antenna device described below is provided is extended is less than or equal to about λ/10, for example. It is to be noted that a wavelength that is referred to herein indicates an effective wavelength in consideration of wavelength shortening effect by the dielectricity and permeability of a base material in which an antenna is formed. Both ends of the coil conductor included in the coil antenna are connected to a feed circuit that operates in a desired frequency band (for example, an HF band, in particular, near 13.56 MHz). Therefore, along a coil conductor, that is, in a direction through which a current flows, a roughly uniform current flows through the coil conductor, and the current distribution along the coil conductor is uniform or substantially uniform as in a case in which the length of the coil conductor is less than or equal to the wavelength.
The antenna device 301 is provided with a wiring board 110, a conductive member including a first conductor portion 11 and a second conductor portion 21 that are provided on the surface of this wiring board 110, a coil element 20 that includes a coupling coil to be connected to a feed circuit, and a capacitor 3. The wiring board 110 is an example of a “base material”.
The first conductor portion 11 is provided with a planar conductor 111 that expands into a planar shape, and extension portions 11A and 11B are extended partially. The first conductor portion 11 includes a conductor opening OP, and a gap G1 that connects an outer edge of the first conductor portion 11 and the conductor opening OP. The capacitor 3 is arranged to cross the gap G1. This gap G1 is also referred to as a “slit.”
The second conductor portion 21 is connected to two points of an internal edge of the conductor opening OP and divides the conductor opening OP into two conductor openings OP1 and OP2. In other words, the second conductor portion 21 is a linear conductor pattern along a boundary between a first conductor opening OP1 and a second conductor opening OP2. This second conductor portion 21 and the extension portions 11A and 11B being a portion of the first conductor portion 11 define a loop-shaped conductor 10. This loop-shaped conductor 10 and the capacitor 3 define a current path, which is an example of a “loop-shaped current path”.
The coil element 20 is connected to a feed circuit that is not illustrated, and a coupling coil in the coil element 20 is magnetically coupled to the above described loop-shaped current path. In the first preferred embodiment, a state of being “magnetically coupled to a loop-shaped current path” means a state of being magnetically coupled to a portion defining a loop-shaped current path. Thus, such a state includes “being magnetically coupled to the loop-shaped conductor,” and “being magnetically coupled to the second conductor portion 21.”
The wiring board 110 includes coil element connection pads 14 and 15. Both ends of a coil conductor 78 of the coupling coil of the coil element 20 are connected to the coil element connection pads 14 and 15. The wiring board 110 is provided with a feed circuit connected to the coil element connection pads 14 and 15. Accordingly, the both ends of the coil conductor 78 of the coupling coil of the coil element 20 are connected to the feed circuit through the coil element connection pads 14 and 15.
Since the conductor opening OP has the gap G1 that connects the outer edge of the first conductor portion 11 and the conductor opening OP, the conductor opening OP does not cancel the magnetic flux passing through the inside of the conductor opening OP. In the present preferred embodiment, the conductor opening OP1, in particular, includes the gap G1 that connects the outer edge of the first conductor portion 11 and the conductor opening OP1.
The coil element 20 includes a coil conductor 78 of the coupling coil that is wound in a helical shape around a winding axis, and a first end E1 of the coil element 20 and a second end E2 of the coil element 20 that face each other across this coil conductor. While
The first end E1 of the coil element 20 overlaps the first conductor opening OP1 that is connected to the gap G1, in a plan view of the wiring board 110. In other words, the first end E1 of the coil element 20 is closer to the inside of the loop of the loop-shaped conductor 10 than to the planar conductor 111. In addition, the second end E2 of the coil element 20 is closer to the planar conductor 111 than to the inside of the loop of the loop-shaped conductor 10. By the arrangement of such a coil element 20, the coupling coil in the coil element 20 is magnetically coupled to the planar conductor 111 and the loop-shaped current path.
While, in the example illustrated in
As illustrated in
According to the present preferred embodiment, as described above, since the coupling coil in the coil element 20 is arranged so as to be magnetically coupled to the planar conductor 111 and the loop-shaped current path, a current flowing through the planar conductor 111 when the coupling coil of the coil element 20 is coupled to the planar conductor 111 and a current flowing through the loop-shaped current path when the coupling coil of the coil element 20 is coupled to the loop-shaped current path that the loop-shaped conductor 10 forms are superimposed, so that the function of the loop-shaped conductor 10 and the planar conductor 111 as a radiator is improved.
Auxiliary coil connection pads 22A and 22B are provided at each end portion of the second conductor portions 21A and 21B. In addition, the wiring board 110 further includes coil element connection pads 14 and 15. The coil element 20 is connected to the auxiliary coil connection pads 22A and 22B and the coil element connection pads 14 and 15. The wiring board 110 is provided with a feed circuit connected to the coil element connection pads 14 and 15.
Subsequently, a description is given of a detailed structure of a coupling coil element.
The coil element 20 is an element in which an auxiliary conductor to be connected to the loop-shaped conductor 10 in series and a helical-shaped coupling coil with a square tubular shape are in contact with a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped multilayer substrate 70.
On the bottom surface (mounting surface) of the coil element 20, two terminals 92A and 93A to connect a feed circuit such as an RFIC and two terminals 94 and 95 to connect the auxiliary coil connection pads 22A and 22B are formed.
The multilayer substrate 70 is obtained preferably by stacking in the order of a plurality of base material layers 7a to 7q as illustrated from (1) to (17) in
The base material layers 7a, 7b, 7c, 7p, and 7q are rectangular parallelepiped-shaped nonmagnetic layers, for example, nonmagnetic material ferrites. The base material layers 7d to 7o are rectangular parallelepiped-shaped magnetic layers, for example, magnetic body ferrites. In other words, the multilayer substrate 70 is structured so that the base material layers 7d to 7o defining magnetic layers are sandwiched between the base material layers 7a, 7b, 7c, 7p, and 7q being nonmagnetic layers. It is to be noted that the base material layers 7a to 7q may not necessarily be a magnetic layer or a nonmagnetic layer, but may only be insulators. In addition, a nonmagnetic layer in the preferred embodiments of the present invention represents a layer of which the permeability is lower than the permeability of a magnetic layer, and may not necessarily be a nonmagnetic material; and a nonmagnetic layer may be a magnetic body of which the relative magnetic permeability is more than 1 and lower than the relative magnetic permeability of a magnetic layer.
The terminals 92A and 93A and the terminals 94 and 95 are provided on the bottom surface of the base material layer 7a illustrated in (1) in
External connection conductors 92B and 93B and linear conductors 71G and 71H are provided on the bottom surface of the base material layer 7b illustrated in (2) in
A plurality of linear conductors 73A are provided on the bottom surface of the base material layer 7c illustrated in (3) in
A plurality of end surface conductors 81 and a plurality of end surface conductors 82 are provided on the base material layers 7e to 7o illustrated in (5) to (15) in
A plurality of linear conductors 72B and one linear conductor 71B are provided on the bottom surface of the base material layer 7p illustrated in (16) in
The plurality of linear conductors 73B are sequentially connected in series to the plurality of linear conductors 72B through the end surface conductors 81 and 82. Moreover, the linear conductors 71E and 71F are connected to the linear conductor 71B through the end surface conductors 71C and 71D.
The linear conductors 72A, 72B, 73A, and 73B and the end surface conductors 81 and 82 define a rectangular helical-shaped coupling coil of about 12 turns, for example.
Furthermore, the linear conductors 71A, 71B, 71E, 71F, 71G, and 71H, the end surface conductors 71C and 71D, and the like define a rectangular loop-shaped auxiliary conductor of about one turn, for example.
In
Since, in the present preferred embodiment, the auxiliary conductor in the coil element 20 is also a portion of the loop-shaped current path, a state of being “magnetically coupled to a loop-shaped current path” includes “being magnetically coupled to the loop-shaped conductor,” “being magnetically coupled to the second conductor portion 21,” and “being magnetically coupled to the auxiliary conductor in the coil element 20.”
As described above, since the auxiliary conductor in the coil element 20 is also a portion of the loop-shaped current path, compared with a case in which the auxiliary conductor is not formed in the coil element 20, the loop-shaped current path and the coil conductor of the coupling coil of the coil element 20 are closer to each other. Therefore, the coupling between the loop-shaped current path and the coupling coil is able to be strengthened. In addition, the variation in the degree of coupling between the coupling coil and the loop-shaped current path due to the variation in the mounting position of the coupling coil is able to be reduced. However, the present invention is not limited to a case in which the coupling coil and the auxiliary conductor are configured as a single element as in this example.
It is to be noted that, while an example in which the coil element 20 includes a stacked body obtained by stacking a plurality of base materials including the conductor pattern is shown, the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, a winding coil element obtained by winding a conductor around a magnetic body core or a coil element obtained by providing a planar coil in a base material may be used.
In addition, the above described “loop-shaped conductor” is a conductor defining the loop-shaped current path around the conductor opening (OP, in particular, OP1). A capacitor, a portion of a coil element, and a portion through other components may be included in order to define this loop-shaped current path.
The above described various modifications are applicable not only to the modification of the present preferred embodiment but also similarly to the modifications of all preferred embodiments.
According to the present preferred embodiment, similarly to the first preferred embodiment, since the coupling coil in the coil element 20 is arranged so as to be magnetically coupled to the planar conductor 111 and the loop-shaped current path, a current flowing through the planar conductor 111 when the coupling coil of the coil element 20 is coupled to the planar conductor 111 and a current flowing through the loop-shaped current path when the coupling coil of the coil element 20 is coupled to the loop-shaped current path are superimposed, so that the function of the loop-shaped conductor 10 and the planar conductor 111 as a radiator is improved.
The following shows a plurality of antenna devices as comparative examples and the results of characteristics comparison between the plurality of antenna devices.
The antenna device 301X illustrated in
In addition, the coupling coefficient k13 between the coupling coil of the coil element 20 and the communication partner antenna 500 is the highest in the antenna device 301 according to the present preferred embodiment and the lowest in the antenna device 301Y of the comparative example. Thus, it is assumed that the coupling between the planar conductor 111 and the communication partner antenna 500 has contributed to the coupling between the antenna device 301 and the communication partner antenna 500.
Further, it is assumed that the reason why the coupling coefficient k23 of the antenna device 301Z is lower than the coupling coefficient k23 of the antenna device 301 is because the antenna device 301Z is not connected to the planar conductor 111 at the two points of the loop-shaped conductor and thus a current flowing through the loop-shaped conductor 10 is relatively small.
The following shows the difference in current flowing through the loop-shaped conductor 10, depending on whether or not the two points of the loop-shaped conductor are connected to the planar conductor 111.
In contrast,
As is apparent from the comparison between
During transmission, the inductor L1 and the inductor L2 are magnetically coupled to each other, as indicated by M12 in
It is to be noted that a matching circuit MC is not an essential component of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The inductor L1 is able to be defined as a primary antenna, and the resonant circuit by the inductors L2 and L3 and the capacitor C3 is able to be defined as a secondary antenna.
The inductor L1 is connected to an RFIC 310 through the matching circuit MC. The RFIC 310 is an integrated circuit provided with a wireless communication circuit for NFC (Near Field Communication) that uses a 13.56-MHz band, for example. The matching circuit MC includes capacitors C11 and C12 connected in series and capacitors C21 and C22 shunt connected to ground. This RFIC 310 or the RFIC 310 and the matching circuit MC are equivalent to a “feed circuit”.
While electric power is supplied to the primary antenna (inductor L1) with a balanced circuit, this may be configured by an unbalanced circuit. In addition, the planar conductor 111 may not necessarily be a ground conductor pattern. Since the electrical connection between the primary antenna and the secondary antenna is based on magnetic field coupling, the primary antenna and the secondary antenna, even when each being balanced or unbalanced, are able to be electrically connected.
A resonant peak RP1 illustrated in
It is to be noted that the high and low relationship of the resonant frequency of the primary antenna and the resonant frequency of the secondary antenna may be reversed.
While, in the present preferred embodiment, the example in which the planar conductor 111 and the loop-shaped conductor 10 are conductor patterns that are provided on the same surface of the wiring board 120 is shown, the planar conductor 111 and the loop-shaped conductor 10 may be provided on a different surface or a different layer. In addition, either or both of the conductors may be provided on a surface different from a wiring board.
In the antenna device of the present preferred embodiment, the first conductor portion 11 is provided with an extension portion 11A of the first conductor, and the second conductor portions 21A and 21B, together with the extension portion 11A, configure a loop-shaped conductor. The third preferred embodiment is different from the second preferred embodiment in the shape of a conductive member that is provided on the surface of the wiring board 110 and the shape of a conductor opening OP. Other configurations are the same as the configurations described in the second preferred embodiment.
As in the present preferred embodiment, the antenna device may be structured so that the extension portion 11A may be formed in the first conductor portion 11 and this extension portion 11A and the second conductor portion 21, together with the capacitor 3, may define the loop-shaped current path.
In
In this manner, the distance D from the outer edge of the first conductor portion 11 to the conductor opening OP may be increased. As this distance is greater, the “loop-shaped current path” becomes longer and larger, so that the radiation characteristics of an antenna device are improved.
In
Thus, even when the position of the conductor opening OP is shifted from the center line of the first conductor portion 11, the effects of preferred embodiments of the present invention are obtained. However, as the distance E along the outer edge from the center line of the first conductor portion 11 to the conductor opening OP is greater, the strength distribution of the current flowing through the planar conductor 111 of the first conductor portion 11 is more biased, so that the radiation characteristics of an antenna device may be degraded compared with a case in which the conductor opening is in the vicinity of the center line as in the second preferred embodiment.
Any of the examples illustrated in
According to the antenna device illustrated in
In a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention, a description is directed to an antenna device provided with a first conductor portion that includes a linear portion.
In the base material of the antenna device according to the present preferred embodiment, as illustrated in
With respect to the antenna device of the present preferred embodiment illustrated in
As illustrated in the present preferred embodiment, since the coupling coefficient k23 of the loop-shaped current path and the communication partner antenna 500 is larger than the coupling coefficient of the comparative example, it is apparent that the linear portion of the first conductor portion 11 contributes to radiation. In addition, the first conductor portion 11 is partially connected to the extension portions 11A and 11B of the first conductor portion and the second conductor portions 21A and 21B, which increases the current induced in the first conductor portion 11, so that the coupling coefficient k13 similarly becomes larger with respect to the comparative example.
In a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention, a description is made of an example different from the examples that have been described in the direction in which the gap connecting the outer edge of the first conductor portion 11 and the conductor opening OP is drawn out. Other configurations are the same as the configurations described in the first preferred embodiment.
In
In addition, in the present preferred embodiment, as with the second preferred embodiment, the coil element 20 is provided with an auxiliary conductor, and the second conductor portion may include 21A and 21B.
Unlike the antenna device illustrated in
In an eighth preferred embodiment of the present invention, a description is made of an example in which the second conductor portion is short compared with the second conductor portion of the second preferred embodiment. Other configurations are the same as the configurations described in the second preferred embodiment.
The antenna device of the present preferred embodiment similar to the antenna device described in the second preferred embodiment, including a loop-shaped conductor defined by a portion of the first conductor portion and the second conductor portions 21A and 21B, and is provided with the planar conductor 111 that is a portion of the first conductor portion. In addition, the antenna device is also provided with the coil element connection pads 14 and 15 and the auxiliary coil connection pads 22A and 22B.
As in the present preferred embodiment, even when the second conductor is comparatively short, a loop-shaped current path is defined by the loop-shaped conductor, so that the antenna device acts similarly to the antenna device described in the second preferred embodiment.
In a ninth preferred embodiment of the present invention, a description is made of an antenna device in which the second conductor portion provided on the wiring board 110 has a shape of a coil of one turn or more. Other configurations are the same as the configurations described in the second preferred embodiment.
In any of the antenna devices illustrated in
In a tenth preferred embodiment of the present invention, a description is made of an antenna device provided with a coil element with a planar coil shape.
The coil element 20 is provided with a base material having flexibility, a linear conductor 74 provided on the base material and having a rectangular spiral shape, and a linear conductor 71 wound around the outside of a rectangular spiral shaped linear conductor. Both ends of the linear conductor 74 are used as terminals 92 and 93 to be connected to a feed circuit. The both ends of the linear conductor 71 are electrically connected to the terminals 94 and 95 on a bottom surface through an interlayer connection conductor. The linear conductor 74 defines and functions as a “coupling coil”, and the linear conductor 71 defines and functions as an “auxiliary conductor.”
As illustrated in
The coil winding axis of the coupling coil is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to a surface of the wiring board 110, and, in a plan view of the wiring board 110, the coil opening of the coupling coil overlaps the conductor opening OP.
According to the present preferred embodiment, the coupling coil of the coil element 20 is magnetically coupled to the “loop-shaped current path.”
In an eleventh preferred embodiment of the present invention, a description is made of another example in which the coil winding axis direction of the coupling coil of the coil element is a direction perpendicular to the surface of the base material.
The antenna device of the present preferred embodiment, similar to the antenna device described in the second preferred embodiment, is provided with the extension portions 11A and 11B of the first conductor portion 11, the second conductor portions 21A and 21B, and the planar conductor 111 that is a portion of the first conductor portion 11. In addition, the antenna device is also provided with the coil element connection pads 14 and 15 and the auxiliary coil connection pads 22A and 22B.
The coil element connection pads 14 and 15 are not positioned so as to sandwich the positions in which the auxiliary coil connection pads 22A and 22B are arranged but are positioned in parallel to the auxiliary coil connection pads 22A and 22B.
The coil conductor patterns 411a, 412a, 413a, 414a, and 415a each have a loop shape, and are electrically connected to each other by a via conductor and thus define one coupling coil. In addition, an auxiliary coil pattern 413b with a linear shape is provided on the magnetic layer 413. An auxiliary coil pattern 413b is located near the coil conductor pattern 413a.
A nonmagnetic layer 410, on which input and output terminals 410a, 410b, 410c, and 410d are located, is stacked below the magnetic layer 411. The input and output terminals 410a and 410b are connected to the auxiliary coil pattern 413b through via conductors. The input and output terminal 410c is connected to one end of the coil conductor pattern 411a, and the input and output terminal 410d is connected to one end of the coil conductor pattern 415a. In other words, the input and output terminals 410c and 410d are input and output terminals of the coil including the coil conductor patterns 411a to 415a. It is to be noted that the magnetic layers 411, 412, 413, 414, and 415 may not necessarily be magnetic layers, may be dielectric layers, or may be a structure in which magnetic layers and dielectric layers are stacked alternately.
As described in the present preferred embodiment, even when the coil winding axis direction of the coupling coil of the coil element is a direction perpendicular to the surface of the base material, a preferred embodiment of the present invention may be applied.
In a twelfth preferred embodiment of the present invention, a description is particularly made of an antenna device in which a coupling coefficient k23 (see
The antenna device of the present preferred embodiment, similar to the antenna device described in the second preferred embodiment, is provided with the extension portions 11A and 11B of the first conductor portion 11, the second conductor portions 21A and 21B, and the planar conductor 111 that is a portion of the first conductor portion. In addition, the antenna device is also provided with the coil element connection pads 14 and 15 and the auxiliary coil connection pads 22A and 22B. The arrangement of the terminals of the coil element 20 corresponds to the coil element connection pads 14 and 15 and the auxiliary coil connection pads 22A and 22B that are illustrated in
In the antenna device of the present preferred embodiment, a path length from a connection portion between the second conductor portions 21A and 21B and the extension portions 11A and 11B of the first conductor portion 11 to the auxiliary coil connection pads 22A and 22B is relatively long compared with a path length of the second preferred embodiment.
In the example illustrated in
The inductors L21 and L22 and the capacitor C3 define an LC resonant circuit. The resonant frequency of this LC resonant circuit is a frequency band used for communication.
The inductor L1 is able to be defined as a primary antenna, and the resonant circuit by the inductors L21 and L22 and the capacitor C3 is able to be defined as a secondary antenna. However, the inductor L22, in particular, contributes to the coupling to the communication partner antenna 500.
In the present preferred embodiment, since the path length from the connection portion of the second conductor portions 21A and 21B and the extension portions 11A and 11B of the first conductor portion to the auxiliary coil connection pads 22A and 22B is long, the first conductor opening OP1 is large, and the inductance of the inductor L22 is relatively large. Therefore, an antenna device with a large coupling coefficient k23 with the communication partner antenna 500 is obtained.
In
The terminals 94 and 95 of the coil element are connected to the auxiliary coil connection pads 22A and 22B on the wiring board. In any of the examples illustrated in
It is to be noted that, if a wiring that connects the linear conductor 71A of the auxiliary coil and the terminals 94 and 95 is provided in the multilayer substrate, the linear conductor 71A of the auxiliary coil may not be necessarily arranged near the terminals 94 and 95. In addition, the coupling coefficient between the coupling coil and the auxiliary coil in the coil element may be determined by a position of the linear conductor 71A of the auxiliary coil with respect to the plurality of linear conductors 72A for the coupling coil.
The extension portions 11A and 11B of the first conductor portion and the second conductor portions 21A, 21B, and 21C define a loop-shaped conductor.
The capacitor 3A is mounted so as to cross the gap G1 between the extension portions 11A and 11B of the first conductor portion. In addition, the capacitor 3B is mounted so as to cross a gap between the second conductor portions 21B and 21C. In other words, the capacitors 3A and 3B define a portion of the current path including the loop-shaped conductor.
In
Compared with the second preferred embodiment, in the antenna device illustrated in
In a fourteenth preferred embodiment, a description is made of an example of an antenna device including a conductor portion of a housing. The fourteenth preferred embodiment is different from the second preferred embodiment in that the antenna device includes the conductor portion of the housing. In addition, the winding directions of the coil element 20 with respect to the outer edge of the first conductor portion 11 are different, and, accordingly, the shapes of the conductive member provided on the surface of the wiring board 110 are different. Other configurations are the same as the configurations described in the second preferred embodiment.
The antenna device of the present preferred embodiment is provided with the first conductor portion 11 and the second conductor portions 21A and 21B. In addition, the antenna device is also provided with the coil element connection pads 14 and 15 and the auxiliary coil connection pads 22A and 22B. In the present preferred embodiment, a gap G1 that is bent in the middle is provided in the first conductor portion 11.
The electronic apparatus has a housing and the housing is provided with a first housing conductor portion 210 and a second housing conductor portion 220. The first housing conductor portion 210 and the second housing conductor portion 220 are separated through a slit SL.
As apparent from
In a fifteenth preferred embodiment of the present invention, a description is made of an example of an antenna device including a conductor portion of a housing, the example being different from the example described in the fourteenth preferred embodiment. The fifteenth preferred embodiment is different from the fourteenth preferred embodiment in that the first housing conductor portion 210 and the second housing conductor portion 220 are electrically connected to each other. Other configurations are the same as the configurations described in the fourteenth preferred embodiment.
In this manner, the first housing conductor portion 210 and the second housing conductor portion 220 may be structurally and electrically connected to each other at a housing conductor connection portion 230.
In a sixteenth preferred embodiment of the present invention, a description is made of several relationships between the conductor portion of the housing and the arrangement position of the coil element. The sixteenth preferred embodiment is different from the first preferred embodiment or the second preferred embodiment in that the antenna device includes the conductor portion of the housing. Moreover, in the several examples of the figure, according to the positional relationship of the coil element 20 with respect to the outer edge of the first conductor portion 11, the shapes of the conductive member provided on the surface of the wiring board 110 are different. Other configurations are the same as the configurations described in the first preferred embodiment or the second preferred embodiment.
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As illustrated in the present preferred embodiment, while various configurations are able to be adopted for the positional relationship of the first housing conductor portion 210 or the second housing conductor portion 220, and the coil element 20, in consideration of a distance relationship in particular, the coil element 20 and the edge end portion of the first housing conductor portion 210 or the second housing conductor portion 220 may preferably be adjacent to each other within at least two pieces of the coil element 20.
In a seventeenth preferred embodiment of the present invention, a description is made of an example of an antenna device that uses a conductor portion of a housing as a portion of a radiation element.
The antenna device illustrated in
The antenna device illustrated in
In the example illustrated in
In this manner, the first conductor portion 11 is connected in parallel to the conductor portion of the housing at a plurality of portions, so that the path of an induced current is increased and radiation characteristics are improved.
In an eighteenth preferred embodiment of the present invention, a description is made of an antenna device that uses a conductor portion of a housing of an electronic apparatus as a planar conductor and an electronic apparatus provided with such an antenna device. The eighteenth preferred embodiment is different from the first preferred embodiment in that the first conductor portion is structured to use a portion of the conductor portion of the housing.
The electronic apparatus 402 is a portable electronic device such as a smartphone, for example, and is provided with the first housing conductor portion 210 and the second housing conductor portion 220 on the side opposite to a surface on which a display and operation panel 60 is provided. The first housing conductor portion 210 and the second housing conductor portion 220 are connected by a housing conductor connection portion 230. The slit SL between the first housing conductor portion 210 and the second housing conductor portion 220 is provided (blocked) with the housing resin portion 240. In the present preferred embodiment, the first housing conductor portion 210, the second housing conductor portion 220, and the housing conductor connection portion 230 are equivalent to a “conductive member”.
The wiring board 120 is provided inside of the first housing conductor portion 210 and the second housing conductor portion 220. The loop-shaped conductor 10 including the second conductor portions 21A and 21B and the first conductor portion 11 is provided on the wiring board 120. In addition, the coil element 20, and the capacitor 3 of a chip shape are mounted on the wiring board 120. Further, a chip capacitor and an RFIC 310 that define the matching circuit MC illustrated in
The coil element 20 is the same as the coil element 20 illustrated in the second preferred embodiment, and includes the coil conductor of the coupling coil that is wound in a helical shape around a winding axis, and the second end E2 of the coil element 20 and the first end E1 of the coil element 20 that face each other across this coil conductor. The coil element 20 is further provided with an auxiliary conductor, and the auxiliary conductor, together with the loop-shaped conductor 10 and the capacitor C3, defines a loop-shaped current path.
In a plan view of the first housing conductor portion 210 and the second housing conductor portion 220, the second end E2 of the coil element 20 is closer to the second housing conductor portion 220 than to the inside of the loop of the loop-shaped conductor 10, and the first end E1 of the coil element 20 is closer to the inside of the loop than to the second housing conductor portion 220. Such an arrangement of the coil element 20 causes the coupling coil in the coil element 20 to be magnetically coupled to the conductive member including the loop-shaped current path and the second housing conductor portion 220.
Connection portions CP1 and CP2 are each provided with a movable probe pin. These movable probe pins are respectively in contact with and electrically connected to the first housing conductor portion 210 and the second housing conductor portion 220. Therefore, the first housing conductor portion 210, the second housing conductor portion 220, the housing conductor connection portion 230, and the second conductor portions 21A and 21B define a current path. The current i3 in
According to the present preferred embodiment, as in the first preferred embodiment, since the coupling coil in the coil element 20 is arranged so as to be magnetically coupled to the conductive member and the loop-shaped current path, a current flowing through the conductive member when the coupling coil of the coil element 20 is coupled to the conductive member and a current flowing through the loop-shaped current path when the coupling coil of the coil element 20 is coupled to the loop-shaped current path that the loop-shaped conductor 10 forms are superimposed, so that the function of the loop-shaped conductor 10 and the conductive member as a radiator is improved.
In a nineteenth preferred embodiment of the present invention, a description is made of an antenna device that uses a conductor portion of a housing of an electronic apparatus as a planar conductor and an electronic apparatus provided with such an antenna device. The nineteenth preferred embodiment is different from the eighteenth preferred embodiment in that the antenna device includes a ground conductor pattern. Other configurations are the same as the configurations described in the eighteenth preferred embodiment.
Unlike the antenna device of the eighteenth preferred embodiment, the first conductor portion 11 and the second conductor portion 21A are connected to a ground conductor pattern 121 provided on the wiring board 120. In addition, a conductor pattern 122 is extended from the ground conductor pattern 121, and a connection portion CP3 is provided at the tip. This connection portion CP3 is provided with a movable probe pin, and this movable probe pin is in contact with and is electrically connected to the second housing conductor portion 220. Thus, in the present preferred embodiment, the ground conductor pattern 121, the conductor pattern 122, the second housing conductor portion 220, and the second conductor portions 21A and 21B define a current path. In the present preferred embodiment, the ground conductor pattern 121, the second housing conductor portion 220, and the conductor pattern 122 are equivalent to a “conductive member”.
Other configurations are the same as the configurations of the antenna device described in the eighteenth preferred embodiment.
In a twentieth preferred embodiment of the present invention, a description is made of an antenna device that uses a conductor portion of a housing of an electronic apparatus as a planar conductor and an electronic apparatus provided with such an antenna device. The twentieth preferred embodiment is different from the eighteenth preferred embodiment in that the first housing conductor portion 210 and the second housing conductor portion 220 are connected to each other through the conductor pattern 122 provided on the wiring board 120. Other configurations are the same as the configurations described in the eighteenth preferred embodiment.
Unlike the antenna device of the eighteenth preferred embodiment, the first housing conductor portion 210 and the second housing conductor portion 220 are connected to each other through the conductor pattern 122 provided on the wiring board 120. In other words, the connection portions CP3 and CP4 are provided at the both ends of the conductor pattern 122, these connection portions CP3 and CP4 are each provided with movable probe pins, and these movable probe pins are respectively in contact with and are electrically connected to the first housing conductor portion 210 and the second housing conductor portion 220 of the housing. Thus, in the present preferred embodiment, the first housing conductor portion 210, the conductor pattern 122, the second housing conductor portion 220, and the second conductor portions 21A and 21B define a current path. In the present preferred embodiment, the first housing conductor portion 210, the second housing conductor portion 220, and the conductor pattern 122 are equivalent to a “conductive member”.
Other configurations are the same as the configurations of the antenna device described in the eighteenth preferred embodiment.
While the above several preferred embodiments have described examples in which the conductor portion of the electronic apparatus preferably is used as the “first conductor portion” or the “second conductor portion,” a metal portion such as a chassis or a battery inside the electronic apparatus may be used as the “first conductor portion” or the “second conductor portion”, for example.
While each preferred embodiment has described the example in which the components mounted on the wiring board or the like are chip components such as a chip capacitor, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the components may be a lead terminal type component or an element provided on a flexible base material.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it is to be understood that variations and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention, therefore, is to be determined solely by the following claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-004898 | Jan 2016 | JP | national |
| 2016-186559 | Sep 2016 | JP | national |
This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-004898 filed on Jan. 14, 2016 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-186559 filed on Sep. 26, 2016 and is a Continuation Application of PCT Application No. PCT/JP2017/000961 filed on Jan. 13, 2017. The entire contents of each application are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20140203992 | Nakano | Jul 2014 | A1 |
| 20150207223 | Nakano | Jul 2015 | A1 |
| 20150207913 | Nakano | Jul 2015 | A1 |
| 20170005391 | Tenno | Jan 2017 | A1 |
| 20170040663 | Ito | Feb 2017 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 2015022859 | Feb 2015 | WO |
| Entry |
|---|
| Tenno, “Antenna Device and Electronic Apparatus”, U.S. Appl. No. 15/722,015, filed Oct. 2, 2017. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20190207311 A1 | Jul 2019 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 15722015 | Oct 2017 | US |
| Child | 16296358 | US | |
| Parent | PCT/JP2017/000961 | Jan 2017 | US |
| Child | 15722015 | US |
