ANTI-CD19 ANTIBODIES AND MULTI-SPECIFIC BINDING PROTEINS

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to anti-CD19 antibodies and multi-specific binding proteins that bind CD19, CD3, and optionally serum albumin. In addition, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these antibodies or multi-specific binding proteins, expression vectors and host cells for making these antibodies or multi-specific binding proteins, and methods of use of these antibodies or multi-specific binding proteins in treating cancers.

BACKGROUND

Bispecific molecules such as BiTE® (bispecific T-cell engager) constructs are recombinant protein constructs made from two flexibly linked antibody-derived binding domains. One binding domain of BiTE® constructs is specific for a selected tumor-associated surface antigen on target cells, and the second binding domain is specific for CD3, a subunit of the T cell receptor complex on T cells. By this design, BiTE® constructs can transiently connect T cells with target cells and, at the same time, potently activate the inherent cytolytic potential of T cells against target cells.

The CD3 receptor complex is a protein complex composed of four polypeptide chains. In mammals, the complex contains a CD3γ (gamma) chain, a CD3δ (delta) chain, and two CD3ε (epsilon) chains. The CD3γ (gamma), CD3δ (delta), and CD3ε (epsilon) chains are highly related cell-surface proteins of the immunoglobulin superfamily containing a single extracellular immunoglobulin domain. These chains associate with the T cell receptor (TCR) to form a TCR-CD3 complex and to generate an activation signal in T lymphocytes upon antigen engagement. About 95% of T cells express αβ TCR, which contains an α (alpha) chain and a β (beta) chain. Two TCRξ (zeta) chains are also present in the TCR-CD3 complex. The αβ TCR is responsible for recognizing antigens presented by a major histocompatibility complex (MHC). When the TCR engages with antigenic peptide and MHC complex, the T lymphocyte is activated through a series of biochemical events mediated by associated enzymes, co-receptors, specialized adaptor molecules, and activated or released transcription factors.

CD19, also known as B-cell surface antigen B4 or Leu-12, is a transmembrane protein expressed on B lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells. CD19 is a co-receptor for the B-cell antigen receptor complex on B lymphocytes (see, Carter et al. (2002) Science, 256: 105-07; van Zelm et al. (2006) N. Eng. J. Med., 354: 1901-12). Together with the B cell receptor (BCR), CD19 modulates intrinsic and antigen receptor-induced signaling thresholds critical for clonal expansion of B cells and humoral immunity. CD19 is a human B-cell surface marker that is expressed from early stages of pre-B cell development through terminal differentiation into plasma cells. It is also expressed on many non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cells and certain leukemias. Antibodies that bind CD19 have been developed and tested in clinical studies against cancers of lymphoid origin such as B-cell malignancies (see, e.g., Hekman et al. (1991) Cancer Immunol. Immunother., 32: 364-72; Vlasfeld et al. (1995) Cancer Immunol. Immunother., 40: 37-47; Corny et al. (1995) J. Immunother. Emphasis Tumor Immunol., 18: 231-41; and Manzke et al. (2001) Int. J. Cancer, 91: 516-22). Furthermore, a BiTE® construct called blinatumomab has been developed for clinical use.

BiTE® constructs are believed to suffer from rapid clearance from the body. Therefore, whilst they are able to rapidly penetrate many areas of the body, and are quick to produce and easier to handle, their in vivo applications may be limited by their brief persistence in vivo. Prolonged administration by continuous intravenous infusions may be required to achieve therapeutic effects of blinatumomab and solitomab because of their short in vivo half-life. However, such continuous intravenous infusions are inconvenient for patients and may increase the costs of treatment.

Although significant developments have been made in constructing anti-CD19 antibodies and multi-specific binding proteins, there remains a need for new and useful proteins for treating cancer that have adequate therapeutic efficacy, a format straightforward to manufacture, and favorable pharmacokinetic properties such as a longer half-life.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is based, in part, upon the development of new antibodies that bind CD19. Also provided are multi-specific binding proteins comprising a first domain that binds CD19 (e.g., human CD19), a second domain that binds CD3 (e.g., human CD3), and optionally a half-life extension domain, which can be a third domain that binds serum albumin (e.g., human serum albumin), wherein the first domain is derived from these new antibodies. These domains are linked in certain manners for favorable therapeutic efficacy and in vivo half-life. The anti-CD19 antibodies and multi-specific binding proteins are useful for treating diseases and disorders associated with aberrant cells expressing CD19, such as certain B-cell hematologic malignancies.

Accordingly, in one aspect, the present disclosure provides a multi-specific binding protein comprising: (a) a first antigen-binding site that binds human CD19 with a K_Dwithin the range of 5 pM to 1 nM; and (b) a second antigen-binding site that binds human CD3 with a K_Dwithin the range of 0.5 nM to 20 nM.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein is a fusion protein comprising the first and second antigen binding sites. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein further comprises a half-life extension domain. In certain embodiments, the half-life extension domain comprises a third antigen-binding site that binds human serum albumin. In certain embodiments, the half-life extension domain is not disposed between the first antigen-binding site and the second antigen-binding site in a polypeptide chain.

In certain embodiments, each K_Dis measured by surface plasmon resonance. In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site binds human CD19 with a K_Dwithin the range of 5 pM to 0.1 nM, and the second antigen-binding site binds human CD3 with a K_Dwithin the range of 0.5 nM to 10 nM. In certain embodiments, the ratio of the K_Dwith which the second antigen-binding site binds human CD3 to the K_Dwith which the first antigen-binding site binds human CD19 is within the range of 10:1 to 1,000:1.

In certain embodiments, each K_Dis measured by bio-layer interferometry. In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site binds human CD19 with a K_Dwithin the range of 50 pM to 1 nM, and the second antigen-binding site binds human CD3 with a K_Dwithin the range of 1 nM to 20 nM. In certain embodiments, the ratio of the K_Dwith which the second antigen-binding site binds human CD3 to the K_Dwith which the first antigen-binding site binds human CD19 is within the range of 10:1 to 100:1.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides an antigen-binding site that binds human CD19, the antibody comprising a heavy chain variable domain (VH) comprising complementarity determining regions HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 and a light chain variable domain (VL) comprising complementarity determining regions LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3, wherein the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 110, 111, 113, 114, 115, and 71, respectively, but not 93, 87, 68, 80, 70, and 71, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 110, 117, 119, 114, 120, and 71, respectively, but not 93, 87, 68, 80, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 65, 66, 68, 69, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises an amino acid sequence at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 62, and the VL comprises an amino acid sequence at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 63. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 72. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site binds human CD19 with a K_Dlower than or equal to 1 nM.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides an antigen-binding site that binds human CD19, the antibody comprising a VH comprising complementarity determining regions HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 and a VL comprising complementarity determining regions LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3, wherein the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 53, 54, 56, 57, 58, and 59, respectively, but not SEQ ID NOs: 4, 23, 17, 18, 19, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 53, 54, 56, 57, 60, and 59, respectively, but not SEQ ID NOs: 4, 23, 17, 18, 19, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 53, 61, 56, 57, 60, and 59, respectively, but not SEQ ID NOs: 4, 23, 17, 18, 19, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises an amino acid sequence at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 1, and the VL comprises an amino acid sequence at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site binds human CD19 with a K_Dlower than or equal to 0.3 nM.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides an antibody comprising an antigen-binding site that binds CD19 as disclosed herein.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a multi-specific binding protein comprising: (a) a first antigen-binding site that binds human CD19 as disclosed herein; and (b) a second antigen-binding site that binds human CD3.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein further comprises a half-life extension domain. In certain embodiments, the half-life extension domain comprises a third antigen-binding site that binds human serum albumin.

In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising complementarity determining regions HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3, wherein the HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 184, 409, and 411, respectively, but not SEQ ID NOs: 129, 133, and 135, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 of the third antigen-binding site comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 184, 185, and 187, respectively, but not SEQ ID NOs: 129, 133, and 135, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 of the third antigen-binding site comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 189, 190, and 192, respectively, but not SEQ ID NOs: 129, 133, and 135, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 of the third antigen-binding site comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 189, 193, and 195, respectively, but not SEQ ID NOs: 129, 133, and 135, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 of the third antigen-binding site comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 123, 124, and 126, respectively. In certain embodiments, the VH of the third antigen-binding site comprises an amino acid sequence at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 121. In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site binds human serum albumin with a K_Dlower than or equal to 10 nM. In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site binds protein A with a K_Dlower than or equal to 2 nM. In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site has a melting temperature greater than or equal to 60° C.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises a single polypeptide chain. In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site is not positioned between the first antigen-binding site and the second antigen-binding site in the polypeptide chain.

In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site is positioned N-terminal to both the first antigen-binding site and the second antigen-binding site in the polypeptide chain. In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site is positioned N-terminal to the first antigen-binding site, and the first antigen-binding site is positioned N-terminal to the second antigen-binding site in the polypeptide chain. In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site is positioned N-terminal to the second antigen-binding site, and the second antigen-binding site is positioned N-terminal to the first antigen-binding site in the polypeptide chain.

In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site is positioned C-terminal to both the first antigen-binding site and the second antigen-binding site in the polypeptide chain. In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site is positioned N-terminal to the second antigen-binding site, and the second antigen-binding site is positioned N-terminal to the third antigen-binding site in the polypeptide chain. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site is positioned N-terminal to the first antigen-binding site, and the first antigen-binding site is positioned N-terminal of the third antigen-binding site in the polypeptide chain.

In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site is positioned N-terminal to the third antigen-binding site, and the third antigen-binding site is positioned N-terminal to the second antigen-binding site in the polypeptide chain. In other embodiments, the second antigen-binding site is positioned N-terminal to the third antigen-binding site, and the third antigen-binding site is positioned N-terminal binding protein the first antigen-binding site in the polypeptide chain.

In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site comprises a single-chain variable fragment (scFv). In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site comprises a single domain antibody (sdAb). In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises an scFv.

In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site binds human CD3c. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site binds human CD3ε with a K_Din the range of 1-100 nM.

In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising complementarity determining regions HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3, and a VL comprising complementarity determining regions LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3, wherein the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprise the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 415, 416, 418, 419, 420, and 421, respectively. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises an amino acid sequence at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 412, and the VL comprises an amino acid sequence at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 413. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 422 or 423.

In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising complementarity determining regions HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3, and a VL comprising complementarity determining regions LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3, wherein the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprise the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 415, 416, 426, 419, 420, and 421, respectively. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises an amino acid sequence at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 424, and the VL comprises an amino acid sequence at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 413. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 427 or 428.

In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising complementarity determining regions HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3, and a VL comprising complementarity determining regions LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3, wherein the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 comprise the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 415, 431, 418, 419, 420, and 432, respectively. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises an amino acid sequence at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 429, and the VL comprises an amino acid sequence at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 430. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 433 or 434.

In certain embodiments, at least two adjacent antigen-binding sites are connected by a peptide linker. In certain embodiments, each of the adjacent antigen-binding sites are connected by a peptide linker. In certain embodiments, the peptide linker comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 298, 299, or 302. In certain embodiments, the peptide linker consists of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 298, 299, or 302.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 694-710.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein does not comprise an antibody Fc region. In certain embodiments, the molecular weight of the multi-specific binding protein is at least 65 kD. In certain embodiments, the serum half-life of the multi-specific binding protein is at least 24, 36, 48, or 60 hours.

In another aspect, the instant disclosure provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) a multi-specific binding protein or an antibody disclosed herein; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

The instant disclosure also provides an isolated polynucleotide encoding a multi-specific binding protein or an antibody disclosed herein. In addition, the instant disclosure provides a vector comprising the polynucleotide disclosed herein, and a recombinant host cell comprising the polynucleotide or vector disclosed herein.

The instant disclosure also provides a method of producing a multi-specific binding protein or an antibody, the method comprising culturing a host cell disclosed herein under suitable conditions that allow expression of the multi-specific binding protein or the antibody. In certain embodiments, the method further comprises isolating the multi-specific binding protein or the antibody. In certain embodiments, the method further comprises formulating the isolated multi-specific binding protein or antibody with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

In addition, the instant disclosure provides a method of stimulating an immune response against a cell expressing CD19, the method comprising exposing the cell and a T lymphocyte to a multi-specific binding protein, an antibody, or a pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein.

The instant disclosure also provides a method of treating a hematologic cancer in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a multi-specific binding protein, an antibody, or a pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein. In certain embodiments, the hematologic cancer is a B-cell hematologic malignancy.

In addition, the instant disclosure provides a complex comprising a T cell expressing CD3, a B cell expressing CD19, and a multi-specific binding protein disclosed herein, wherein the multi-specific binding protein simultaneously bind both the T cell and the B cell. In certain embodiments, the complex further comprises serum albumin.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of six domain arrangements of single-chain multi-specific binding proteins. The CD19 binding domain in the form of an scFv, the CD3 binding domain in the form of an scFv, and the HSA binding domain in the form of an sdAb are linked in different orientations. The top of each construct represents the N-terminus and the bottom of each construct represents the C-terminus of a given polypeptide chain.

FIGS. 2A-2B are bar graphs showing the EC₅₀values of the indicated multi-specific binding proteins for inducing cytotoxicity of T cells against KILR-Raji cells.

FIG. 3A is a graph showing the EC₅₀values of the indicated multi-specific binding proteins for inducing production of cytokines IL2, IFNγ, and TNFα compared to the EC₅₀values of the same multi-specific binding proteins for inducing cytotoxicity of T cells against Raji cells (“% live”) when the numbers of T cells and Raji cells were cultured at a ratio of 5:1. FIG. 3B is a bar graph showing the T cell cytotoxicity percentage mediated by multi-specific binding proteins tAb0050, tAb0063, and control blinatumomab when the numbers of T cells and Raji cells were cultured at a ratio of 0.5:1.

FIGS. 4A-4D depict results of in vivo experiments to assess tumor regression following treatment with multi-specific binding proteins. In one experiment, the mice received high dose treatment (0.1 mg/kg/dose) with test multi-specific binding proteins, and tumor volumes (FIG. 4A) and percent survival (FIG. 4B) were assessed. In another experiment, the mice received low dose treatment (0.01 mg/kg/dose) with test multi-specific binding proteins, and tumor volumes (FIG. 4C) and percent survival (FIG. 4D) were assessed.

FIGS. 5A-5D depict results of in vivo dose efficacy studies in mice treated with the multi-specific binding protein tAb0050 or blinatumomab. Tumor growth data is shown in FIG. 5A. Percent survival for each treatment is shown for 0.01 mg/kg/dose (FIG. 5B), 0.03 mg/kg/dose (FIG. 5C), and 0.1 mg/kg/dose (FIG. 5D).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

To facilitate an understanding of the present invention, a number of terms and phrases are defined below.

The term “multi-specific binding protein” refers to a protein or protein conjugate capable of binding two or more different targets (e.g., two or more different antigens or two or more different epitopes of the same antigen). For example, the multi-specific binding protein can bind two or more different targets through two or more different binding domains. The structure and/or function of the multi-specific binding protein can be based on the structure and/or function of an antibody, e.g., a full-length or whole immunoglobulin molecule, an antibody heavy chain variable domain (VH) and/or light chain variable domain (VL), and/or a single chain antibody. In one example, each one of the binding domains of a multi-specific binding protein according to the invention comprises the minimum structural requirements of an antibody which allow for the target binding. This minimum requirement may be, e.g., defined by the presence of at least the three heavy chain CDRs (i.e. CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the VH domain) and/or the three light chain CDRs (i.e. CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the VL domain). An alternative approach to defining the minimal structural requirements of an antibody is defining the epitope of a specific target to which the antibody binds, or by referring to a known antibody with which the antibody competes to bind to the same epitope that the known antibody binds. The antibodies on which the constructs according to the invention are based include for example monoclonal, recombinant, chimeric, deimmunized, humanized and human antibodies.

Any one of the binding domains of a multi-specific binding protein according to the invention may comprise the above referred groups of CDRs. Those CDRs may be comprised in the framework of a VH and/or VL. Fd fragments, for example, have two VH domains and often retain some antigen-binding function of the intact antigen-binding domain. Additional examples for formats of antibody fragments, antibody variants or binding domains include: (1) a Fab fragment, a monovalent fragment having the VL, VH, CL and CH1 domains; (2) a F(ab′)₂fragment, a bivalent fragment having two Fab fragments linked by a disulfide bridge at the hinge region; (3) an Fd fragment having the two VH and CH1 domains; (4) an Fv fragment having the VL and VH domains of a single arm of an antibody; (5) a dAb fragment (Ward et al., (1989) Nature 341:544-546), which has a VH domain; (6) an isolated complementarity determining region (CDR); and (7) a single chain Fv (scFv), which may be derived, for example, from an scFv-library. Exemplary formats of multi-specific binding proteins according to the invention are described in, e.g., WO2000006605A2, WO2005040220A1, WO2008119567A2, WO2010037838A2, WO2013026837A1, WO2013026833A1, US 20140308285A1, US20140302037A1, WO2014144722A2, WO2014151910A1, and WO2015048272A1.

Multi-specific binding proteins according to the invention may also comprise modified fragments of antibodies, also called antibody variants, such as di-scFv or bi(s)-scFv, scFv-Fc, scFv-zipper, scFab, Fab₂, Fab₃, diabodies, single chain diabodies, tandem diabodies (Tandab's), tandem di-scFv, tandem tri-scFv, “multibodies” such as triabodies or tetrabodies, or single-domain antibodies such as nanobodies or single variable domain antibodies comprising a single variable domain, which might be VH (also called VHH in the context of an sdAb) or VL, that specifically bind an antigen or epitope independently of other V regions or domains.

As used herein, the terms “single-chain Fv,” “single-chain antibody,” and “scFv” refer to a single-polypeptide-chain antibody fragment that comprise the variable regions from both the heavy and light chains, but lack the constant regions. Generally, a single-chain antibody further comprises a peptide linker connecting the VH and VL domains which enables it to form the desired structure to bind to antigen. Single chain antibodies are discussed in detail by Pluckthun in The Pharmacology of Monoclonal Antibodies, vol. 113, Rosenburg and Moore eds. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 269-315 (1994). Various methods of generating single chain antibodies are known, including those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,694,778 and 5,260,203; International Patent Application Publication No. WO 88/01649; Bird (1988) Science 242:423-442; Huston et al. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:5879-5883; Ward et al. (1989) Nature 334:54454; Skerra et al. (1988) Science 242:1038-1041. In specific embodiments, single-chain antibodies can also be bispecific, multispecific, human, humanized and/or synthetic.

Furthermore, the “multi-specific binding protein” described herein can be a monovalent, bivalent or polyvalent/multivalent construct. Moreover, the “multi-specific binding protein” described herein can include a molecule consisting of only one polypeptide chain, or a molecules consisting of more than one polypeptide chain, wherein the chains can be either identical (homodimers, homotrimers or homo oligomers) or different (heterodimer, heterotrimer or heterooligomer). Examples for the above identified antibodies and the variants or derivatives thereof are described, for example, in Harlow and Lane, Antibodies a laboratory manual, CSHL Press (1988); Using Antibodies: a laboratory manual, CSHL Press (1999); Kontermann and Dibel, Antibody Engineering, Springer, 2nd ed. 2010; and Little, Recombinant Antibodies for Immunotherapy, Cambridge University Press 2009.

The domains of the multi-specific binding protein of the present invention may be connected through one or more peptide bonds and/or peptide linkers. The term “peptide linker” comprises in accordance with the present invention an amino acid sequence linking two domains. The peptide linkers can also be used to fuse the third domain to the other domains of the multi-specific binding protein of the invention. An essential technical feature of such peptide linker is that it does not comprise any polymerization activity. Among the suitable peptide linkers are those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,751,180 and 4,935,233 or WO198809344A1.

The multi-specific binding proteins of the present invention may be in vitro generated multi-specific binding proteins. The term “in vitro generated multi-specific binding protein” refers to a multi-specific binding protein according to the above definition where all or part of the variable region (e.g., at least one CDR) is generated by non-immune cell selection, e.g., an in vitro phage display, protein chip or any other method in which candidate sequences can be tested for their ability to bind to an antigen. The multi-specific binding proteins of the present invention may also be generated by genomic rearrangement in an immune cell in an animal. A “recombinant antibody” is an antibody made through the use of recombinant DNA technology or genetic engineering.

The multi-specific binding protein of the invention may be monoclonal. The term “monoclonal,” as used herein, means that the proteins obtained from a population are substantially homogeneous, i.e., the individual proteins in the population are identical except for naturally occurring mutations and/or post-translation modifications (e.g., isomerizations, amidations) that may be present. In the context of antibodies, monoclonal antibodies are highly specific, being directed against a single antigenic side or determinant on the antigen, in contrast to conventional (polyclonal) antibody preparations which typically include different antibodies directed against different determinants (or epitopes). The modifier “monoclonal” indicates the character of the antibody as being obtained from a substantially homogeneous population of antibodies, and is not to be construed as requiring production of the antibody by any particular method.

The multi-specific binding protein of the invention or one or more antigen-binding site thereof may be affinity matured. In immunology, affinity maturation is the process by which B cells produce antibodies with increased affinity for antigen during the course of an immune response. With repeated exposures to the same antigen, a host will produce antibodies of successively greater affinities. Like the natural prototype, the in vitro affinity maturation is based on the principles of mutation and selection. Two or three rounds of mutation and selection using display methods such as phage display can result in antibody fragments with affinities in the low nanomolar range.

An amino acid substitution variation can be introduced into the multi-specific binding proteins by substituting one or more hypervariable region residues of a parent antibody (e.g., a humanized or human antibody). Generally, the resulting variant(s) selected for further development will have improved biological properties relative to the parent antibody from which they are generated. A convenient way for generating such substitutional variants involves affinity maturation using phage display. Briefly, several hypervariable region sides (e.g., 6-7 sides) are mutated to generate all possible amino acid substitutions at each side. The antibody variants thus generated are displayed in a monovalent fashion from filamentous phage particles as fusions to the gene III product of M13 packaged within each particle. The phage-displayed variants are then screened for their biological activity (e.g., binding affinity) as herein disclosed. In order to identify candidate hypervariable region sides for modification, alanine scanning mutagenesis can be performed to identify hypervariable region residues contributing significantly to antigen binding. Alternatively, or additionally, it may be beneficial to analyze a crystal structure of the antigen-antibody complex to identify contact points between the binding domains. Such contact residues and neighboring residues are candidates for substitution according to the techniques elaborated herein. Once such variants are generated, the panel of variants is subjected to screening as described herein and antibodies with superior properties in one or more relevant assays may be selected for further development.

The multi-specific binding proteins of the present invention specifically can comprise “chimeric” antibodies (immunoglobulins) or fragments thereof in which a portion of the heavy and/or light chain is identical with or homologous to corresponding sequences in antibodies derived from a particular species or belonging to a particular antibody class or subclass, while the remainder of the chain(s) is/are identical with or homologous to corresponding sequences in antibodies derived from another species or belonging to another antibody class or subclass, so long as they exhibit the desired biological activity (U.S. Pat. No. 4,816,567; Morrison et al. (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 81: 6851-55). Chimeric antibodies of interest herein include “primatized” antibodies comprising variable domain antigen-binding sequences derived from a non-human primate (e.g., Old World Monkey, Ape etc.) or human constant region sequences. A variety of approaches for making chimeric antibodies have been described. See e.g., Morrison et al. (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 81:6851; Takeda et al. (1985) Nature, 314: 452; U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,816,567; 4,816,397; European Patent No. EP0171496; European Patent Application Publication No. EP0173494; and U.K. Patent No. GB2177096.

The term “binding domain” or “domain that binds (an antigen)” characterizes in connection with the present invention a domain which (specifically) binds to or interacts with a given target epitope or a given target side on the target molecules (antigens), e.g. CD19, serum albumin, and CD3, respectively. The structure and function of the first binding domain, the second binding domain, and/or the third binding domain can be based on the structure and/or function of an antibody, e.g. of a full-length or whole immunoglobulin molecule. A binding domain can be drawn from the VH and/or VL or VHH domain of an antibody or fragment thereof. For example, a binding domain can include three light chain CDRs (i.e., CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the VL domain) and/or three heavy chain CDRs (i.e., CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the VH domain). A binding domain can also include VHH CDRs (i.e., CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the VHH region).

The terms “variable domain” and “variable region” are used interchangeably and refer to the portions of the antibody or immunoglobulin domains that exhibit variability in their sequence and that are involved in determining the specificity and binding affinity of a particular antibody. Variability is not evenly distributed throughout the variable domains of antibodies; it is concentrated in sub-domains of each of the heavy and light chain variable regions. These sub-domains are called “hypervariable regions” or “complementarity determining regions” (CDRs). The more conserved (i.e., non-hypervariable) portions of the variable domains are called the “framework” regions (FRM or FR) and provide a scaffold for the six CDRs in three dimensional space to form an antigen-binding surface.

In the present invention, any one of the binding domains of the multi-specific binding protein may comprise a single domain antibody (sdAb). A single domain antibody comprises a single, monomeric antibody variable domain which is able to bind selectively to a specific antigen, independently of other variable regions or domains. The first single domain antibodies were engineered from heavy chain antibodies found in camelids, and these are called VHH fragments. Cartilaginous fishes also have heavy chain antibodies (IgNAR) from which single domain antibodies called V_NARfragments can be obtained. An alternative approach is to split the dimeric variable domains from common immunoglobulins e.g., from humans or rodents into monomers, hence obtaining VH or VL as a single domain antibody. Although most research into single domain antibodies is currently based on heavy chain variable domains, nanobodies derived from light chains have also been shown to bind specifically to target epitopes. Examples of single domain antibodies include nanobodies and single variable domain antibodies.

As used herein, the term “antigen-binding site” refers to the part of an immunoglobulin molecule or a derivative or variant thereof that participates in antigen binding. In human antibodies, the antigen binding site is formed by amino acid residues of the N-terminal variable (“V”) regions of the heavy (“H”) and light (“L”) chains. Three highly divergent stretches within the V regions of the heavy and light chains are referred to as “hypervariable regions” which are interposed between more conserved flanking stretches known as “framework regions,” or “FR.” Thus the term “FR” refers to amino acid sequences which are naturally found between and adjacent to hypervariable regions in immunoglobulins. In a human antibody molecule, the three hypervariable regions of a light chain and the three hypervariable regions of a heavy chain are disposed relative to each other in three dimensional space to form an antigen-binding surface. The antigen-binding surface is complementary to the three-dimensional surface of a bound antigen, and the three hypervariable regions of each of the heavy and light chains are referred to as “complementarity-determining regions,” or “CDRs.” In certain animals, such as camels and cartilaginous fish, the antigen-binding site is formed by a single antibody chain providing a “single domain antibody.” Antigen-binding sites can exist in an intact antibody, in an antigen-binding fragment of an antibody that retains the antigen-binding surface, or in a recombinant polypeptide such as an scFv, using a peptide linker to connect the heavy chain variable domain to the light chain variable domain in a single polypeptide.

As used herein, the term “antibody” refers to a protein or a protein conjugate that comprises an antigen-binding site. An antibody can be monospecific or multi-specific (e.g., bispecific).

The terms “a” and “an” as used herein mean “one or more” and include the plural unless the context is inappropriate.

As used herein, the terms “subject” and “patient” refer to an organism to be treated by the methods and compositions described herein. Such organisms preferably include, but are not limited to, mammals (e.g., murines, simians, equines, bovines, porcines, canines, felines, and the like), and more preferably include humans.

As used herein, the term “effective amount” refers to the amount of a compound (e.g., a compound of the present invention) sufficient to effect beneficial or desired results. An effective amount can be administered in one or more administrations, applications or dosages and is not intended to be limited to a particular formulation or administration route. As used herein, the term “treating” includes any effect, e.g., lessening, reducing, modulating, ameliorating or eliminating, that results in the improvement of the condition, disease, disorder, and the like, or ameliorating a symptom thereof.

As used herein, the term “pharmaceutical composition” refers to the combination of an active agent with a carrier, inert or active, making the composition especially suitable for diagnostic or therapeutic use in vivo or ex vivo.

As used herein, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” refers to any of the standard pharmaceutical carriers, such as a phosphate buffered saline solution, water, emulsions (e.g., such as an oil/water or water/oil emulsions), and various types of wetting agents. The compositions also can include stabilizers and preservatives. For examples of carriers, stabilizers and adjuvants, see e.g., Martin, Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 15th Ed., Mack Publ. Co., Easton, Pa. (1975).

Throughout the description, where compositions are described as having, including, or comprising specific components, or where processes and methods are described as having, including, or comprising specific steps, it is contemplated that, additionally, there are compositions of the present invention that consist essentially of, or consist of, the recited components, and that there are processes and methods according to the present invention that consist essentially of, or consist of, the recited processing steps.

As a general matter, compositions specifying a percentage are by weight unless otherwise specified. Further, if a variable is not accompanied by a definition, then the previous definition of the van able controls.

C. Anti-CD19 Antibodies

In one aspect, the present disclosure provides an antigen-binding site that binds CD19 (e.g., human CD19) derived from the antibodies listed in Table 116. The present disclosure also provides an antibody comprising the antigen-binding site. The CDR sequences are identified under the Kabat numbering scheme unless indicated by an asterisk (*).

TABLE 1

Sequences of Exemplary Antibodies That Bind CD19

Antibody
VH and HCDRs
VL and LCDRs

CNG-CD19-
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCK

101
YDFTDYIMHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGYIN
SSQSLETTTGTTYLNWYLQKPGQ

PYNDGSKYTDKFQERVTMTSDTSISTA
SPQLLIYRASKRFSGVPDRFSGSG

YMELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGP
SGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCL

ELFDYWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 1)
QLLEDPYTFGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID

HCDR1*: YDFTDYIMH (SEQ ID NO: 3)
NO: 2)

HCDR1: DYIMH (SEQ ID NO: 4)
LCDR1: KSSQSLETTTGTTYLN

HCDR2: YINPYNDGSKYTDKFQE (SEQ
(SEQ ID NO: 8)

ID NO: 5)
LCDR2: RASKRFS (SEQ ID NO: 9)

HCDR3*: ARGTYYYGPELFDY (SEQ ID
LCDR3: LQLLEDPYT (SEQ ID NO:

NO: 6)
10)

HCDR3: GTYYYGPELFDY (SEQ ID NO:

7)

scFv with Cys substitutions:

DIVMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCKSSQSLETTTGTTYLNWYLQKPGQSPQLLIY

RASKRFSGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCLQLLEDPYTFGCGT

KLEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYDFTD

YIMHWVRQAPGQCLEWMGYINPYNDGSKYTDKFQERVTMTSDTSISTAYME

LSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGPELFDYWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 11)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCK

102
YEFTDYIMHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGYIN
SSQSLETSTGTTYLNWYLQKPGQ

PYNDGSKYTEKFQPRVTMTSDTSISTAY
SPQLLIYRVSKRFSGVPDRFSGSG

MELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGPQ
SGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCL

LFDYWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 12)
QLLEDPYTFGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID

HCDR1*: YEFTDYIMH (SEQ ID NO: 14)
NO: 13)

HCDR1: DYIMH (SEQ ID NO: 4)
LCDR1: KSSQSLETSTGTTYLN

HCDR2: YINPYNDGSKYTEKFQP (SEQ
(SEQ ID NO: 18)

ID NO: 15)
LCDR2: RVSKRFS (SEQ ID NO: 19)

HCDR3*: ARGTYYYGPQLFDY (SEQ ID
LCDR3: LQLLEDPYT (SEQ ID NO:

NO: 16)
10)

HCDR3: GTYYYGPQLFDY (SEQ ID NO:

17)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCK

103
YTFTDYIMHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGYIN
SSQSLETATGTTYLNWYLQKPGQ

PYNDGSKYTEKFQGRVTMTSDTSISTA
SPQLLIYRVSRRFSGVPDRFSGSG

YMELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGP
SGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCL

QLFDYWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 20)
QLLEDPYSFGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID

HCDR1*: YTFTDYIMH (SEQ ID NO: 22)
NO: 21)

HCDR1: DYIMH (SEQ ID NO: 4)
LCDR1: KSSQSLETATGTTYLN

HCDR2: YINPYNDGSKYTEKFQG (SEQ
(SEQ ID NO: 24)

ID NO: 23)
LCDR2: RVSRRFS (SEQ ID NO: 25)

HCDR3*: ARGTYYYGPQLFDY (SEQ ID
LCDR3: LQLLEDPYS (SEQ ID NO:

NO: 16)
26)

HCDR3: GTYYYGPQLFDY (SEQ ID NO:

17)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCK

104
YDFTDYIVHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGYIN
SGQSLETSTGTTYLNWYLQKPGQ

PYNDGSKYTEKFQGRVTMTSDTSISTA
SPQLLIYRVSRRFSGVPDRFSGSG

YMELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGP
SGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCL

ELFDYWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 27)
QLLEDPYTFGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID

HCDR1*: YDFTDYIVH (SEQ ID NO: 29)
NO: 28)

HCDR1: DYIVH (SEQ ID NO: 30)
LCDR1: KSGQSLETSTGTTYLN

HCDR2: YINPYNDGSKYTEKFQG (SEQ
(SEQ ID NO: 31)

ID NO: 23)
LCDR2: RVSRRFS (SEQ ID NO: 25)

HCDR3*: ARGTYYYGPELFDY (SEQ ID
LCDR3: LQLLEDPYT (SEQ ID NO:

NO: 6)
10)

HCDR3: GTYYYGPELFDY (SEQ ID NO:

7)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCK

105
YEFTDYIMHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGYIN
SSQRLETSTGTTYLNWYLQKPGQ

PYNDGSKYTEKFEGRVTMTSDTSISTAY
SPQLLIYRVSRRFSGVPDRFSGSG

MELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGPEL
SGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCL

FDYWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 32)
QLLEDPPTFGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID

HCDR1*: YEFTDYIMH (SEQ ID NO: 14)
NO: 33)

HCDR1: DYIMH (SEQ ID NO: 4)
LCDR1: KSSQRLETSTGTTYLN

HCDR2: YINPYNDGSKYTEKFEG (SEQ
(SEQ ID NO: 35)

ID NO: 34)
LCDR2: RVSRRFS (SEQ ID NO: 25)

HCDR3*: ARGTYYYGPELFDY (SEQ ID
LCDR3: LQLLEDPPT (SEQ ID NO:

NO: 6)
36)

HCDR3: GTYYYGPELFDY (SEQ ID NO:

7)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCK

106
YDFTDYIMHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGYIN
SSQSLETATGTTYLNWYLQKPGQ

PYNDGSEYTEKFQGRVTMTSDTSISTAY
SPQLLIYRVSRRFSGVPDRFSGSG

MELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGPQ
SGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCL

LFDYWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 37)
QLLEDPYTFGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID

HCDR1*: YDFTDYIMH (SEQ ID NO: 3)
NO: 38)

HCDR1: DYIMH (SEQ ID NO: 4)
LCDR1: KSSQSLETATGTTYLN

HCDR2: YINPYNDGSEYTEKFQG (SEQ
(SEQ ID NO: 24)

ID NO: 39)
LCDR2: RVSRRFS (SEQ ID NO: 25)

HCDR3*: ARGTYYYGPQLFDY (SEQ ID
LCDR3: LQLLEDPYT (SEQ ID NO:

NO: 16)
10)

HCDR3: GTYYYGPQLFDY (SEQ ID NO:

17)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCK

107
YDFTDYIMHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGYIN
SSQSLETSTGTTYLNWYLQKPGQ

PYNDGSKYTEKFQHRVTMTSDTSISTA
SPQLLIYRVSRRFSGVPDRFSGSG

YMELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGP
SGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCL

QLFDYWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 40)
QLLEDPYTFGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID

HCDR1*: YDFTDYIMH (SEQ ID NO: 3)
NO: 41)

HCDR1: DYIMH (SEQ ID NO: 4)
LCDR1: KSSQSLETSTGTTYLN

HCDR2: YINPYNDGSKYTEKFQH (SEQ
(SEQ ID NO: 18)

ID NO: 42)
LCDR2: RVSRRFS (SEQ ID NO: 25)

HCDR3*: ARGTYYYGPQLFDY (SEQ ID
LCDR3: LQLLEDPYT (SEQ ID NO:

NO: 16)
10)

HCDR3: GTYYYGPQLFDY (SEQ ID NO:

17)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCK

108
YDFTDYIVHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGYIN
SSQSLETVTGTTYLNWYLQKPGQ

PYNDGSKYTEKFQGRVTMTSDTSISTA
SPQLLIYRVSKRFSGVPDRFSGSG

YMELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGP
SGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCL

QLFDYWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 43)
QLLEDPPTFGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID

HCDR1*: YDFTDYIVH (SEQ ID NO: 29)
NO: 44)

HCDR1: DYIVH (SEQ ID NO: 30)
LCDR1: KSSQSLETVTGTTYLN

HCDR2: YINPYNDGSKYTEKFQG (SEQ
(SEQ ID NO: 45)

ID NO: 23)
LCDR2: RVSKRFS (SEQ ID NO: 19)

HCDR3*: ARGTYYYGPQLFDY (SEQ ID
LCDR3: LQLLEDPPT (SEQ ID NO:

NO: 16)
36)

HCDR3: GTYYYGPQLFDY (SEQ ID NO:

17)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCK

109
YDFTDYIVHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGYIN
SSQQLETSTGTTYLNWYLQKPGQ

PYNDGSLYTEKFQGRVTMTSDTSISTAY
SPQLLIYRASKRFSGVPDRFSGSG

MELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGPQ
SGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCL

LFDYWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 46)
QLLEDPYSFGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID

HCDR1*: YDFTDYIVH (SEQ ID NO: 29)
NO: 47)

HCDR1: DYIVH (SEQ ID NO: 30)
LCDR1: KSSQQLETSTGTTYLN

HCDR2: YINPYNDGSLYTEKFQG (SEQ
(SEQ ID NO: 49)

ID NO: 48)
LCDR2: RASKRFS (SEQ ID NO: 9)

HCDR3*: ARGTYYYGPQLFDY (SEQ ID
LCDR3: LQLLEDPYS (SEQ ID NO:

NO: 16)
26)

HCDR3: GTYYYGPQLFDY (SEQ ID NO:

17)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCK

110
YTFTDYIMHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGYIN
SSQSLETSTGTTYLNWYLQKPGQ

PYNDGSKYTEKFQGRVTMTSDTSISTA
SPQLLIYRSSKRFSGVPDRFSGSGS

YMELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGP
GTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCLQ

QLFDYWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 20)
LLEDPPTFGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID

HCDR1*: YTFTDYIMH (SEQ ID NO: 22)
NO: 50)

HCDR1: DYIMH (SEQ ID NO: 4)
LCDR1: KSSQSLETSTGTTYLN

HCDR2: YINPYNDGSKYTEKFQG (SEQ
(SEQ ID NO: 18)

ID NO: 23)
LCDR2: RSSKRFS (SEQ ID NO: 51)

HCDR3*: ARGTYYYGPQLFDY (SEQ ID
LCDR3: LQLLEDPPT (SEQ ID NO:

NO: 16)
36)

HCDR3: GTYYYGPQLFDY (SEQ ID NO:

17)

Consensus-1
HCDR1*: YX₁FTDYIX₂H, wherein X₁ is T,
LCDR1:

(CNG-
D, or E; and X₂ is M or V (SEQ ID NO: 52)
KSX₁QX₂LX₃TX₄TGTTYLN,

CD19-101
HCDR1: DYIXH, wherein X is M or V
wherein X₁ is S or G; X₂ is S, R, or Q;

to -110)
(SEQ ID NO: 53)
X₃ is E or F; and X₄ is S, A, T, or V

HCDR2: YINPYNDGSX₁YTX₂KFX₃X₄,
(SEQ ID NO: 57)

wherein X₁ is K, L, or E; X₂ is E or D; X₃ is
LCDR2: RX₁SX₂RFS, wherein X₁ is

Q or E; and X₄ is G, H, E, or P (SEQ ID NO:
V, A, or S; and X₂ is K or R (SEQ ID

54)
NO: 58)

HCDR3*: ARGTYYYGPXLFDY, wherein
LCDR3: LQLLEDPX₁X₂, wherein X₁

X is Q or E (SEQ ID NO: 55)
is Y or P; and X₂ is T or S (SEQ ID

HCDR3: GTYYYGPXLFDY, wherein X is
NO: 59)

Q or E (SEQ ID NO: 56)

Consensus-2
HCDR1*: YX₁FTDYIX₂H, wherein X₁ is T,
LCDR1:

(CNG-
D, or E; and X₂ is M or V (SEQ ID NO: 52)
KSX₁QX₂LX₃TX₄TGTTYLN,

CD19-101 to
HCDR1: DYIXH, wherein X is M or V
wherein X₁ is S or G; X₂ is S, R, or Q;

-109)
(SEQ ID NO: 53)
X₃ is E or F; and X₄ is S, A, T, or V

HCDR2: YINPYNDGSXiYTX₂KFX₃X₄,
(SEQ ID NO: 57)

wherein X₁ is K, L, or E; X₂ is E or D; X₃ is
LCDR2: RX₁SX₂RFS, wherein X₁ is

Q or E; and X₄ is G, H, E, or P (SEQ ID NO:
V or A; and X₂ is K or R (SEQ ID

54)
NO: 60)

HCDR3*: ARGTYYYGPXLFDY, wherein
LCDR3: LQLLEDPX₁X₂, wherein X₁

X is Q or E (SEQ ID NO: 55)
is Y or P; and X₂ is T or S (SEQ ID

HCDR3: GTYYYGPXLFDY, wherein X is
NO: 59)

Q or E (SEQ ID NO: 56)

Consensus-3
HCDR1*: YX₁FTDYIX₂H, wherein X₁ is T,
LCDR1:

(CNG-
D, or E; and X₂ is M or V (SEQ ID NO: 52)
KSX₁QX₂LX₃TX₄TGTTYLN,

CD19-101, -
HCDR1: DYIXH, wherein X is M or V
wherein X₁ is S or G; X₂ is S, R, or Q;

103 to -105,
(SEQ ID NO: 53)
X₃ is E or F; and X₄ is S, A, T, or V

and -107 to
HCDR2: YINPYNDGSX₁YTX₂KFX₃X₄,
(SEQ ID NO: 57)

-109)
wherein X₁ is K or L; X₂ is E or D; X₃ is Q
LCDR2: RX₁SX₂RFS, wherein X₁ is

or E; and X₄ is G, H, or E (SEQ ID NO: 61)
V or A; and X₂ is K or R (SEQ ID

HCDR3*: ARGTYYYGPXLFDY, wherein
NO: 60)

X is Q or E (SEQ ID NO: 55)
LCDR3: LQLLEDPX₁X₂, wherein X₁

HCDR3: GTYYYGPXLFDY, wherein X is
is Y or P; and X₂ is T or S (SEQ ID

Q or E (SEQ ID NO: 56)
NO: 59)

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 of the present invention comprises an antibody heavy chain variable domain (VH) that comprises an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to the VH of an antibody disclosed in Table 1, and an antibody light chain variable domain (VL) that comprises an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to the VL of the same antibody disclosed in Table 1. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3, determined under Kabat (see Kabat et al., (1991) Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, NIH Publication No. 91-3242, Bethesda), Chothia (see, e.g., Chothia C & Lesk A M, (1987), J Mol Biol 196: 901-917), MacCallum (see MacCallum R M et al., (1996) J Mol Biol 262: 732-745), IMGT (see Lefranc, (1999) The Immunologist, 7, 132-136), or any other CDR determination method known in the art, of the VH and VL sequences of an antibody disclosed in Table 1. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences of an antibody disclosed in Table 1. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the VH and VL sequences of an antibody disclosed in Table 1.

Series 1 Constructs

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 52, 54, and 55, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 57, 58, and 59, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 22, 23, 16, 18, 19, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 3, 14, 22, and 29; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 5, 15, 23, 34, 39, 42, and 48; the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 6 and 16; the LCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 8, 18, 24, 31, 35, 45, and 49; the LCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 19, 25, and 51; and/or the LCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 10, 26, and 36.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 53, 54, and 56, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 57, 58, and 59, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 4, 23, 17, 18, 19, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 4 and 30; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 5, 15, 23, 34, 39, 42, and 48; the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 17; the LCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 8, 18, 24, 31, 35, 45, and 49; the LCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 19, 25, and 51; and/or the LCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 10, 26, and 36.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 1, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 2.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site has a higher binding affinity to human and/or cynomolgus CD19 relative to an antigen-binding site having VH and VL sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 20 and 13, respectively.

Series 2 Constructs

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 52, 54, and 55, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 57, 60, and 59, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 22, 23, 16, 18, 19, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 3, 14, 22, and 29; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 5, 15, 23, 34, 39, 42, and 48; the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 6 and 16; the LCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 8, 18, 24, 31, 35, 45, and 49; the LCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 19, and 25; and/or the LCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 10, 26, and 36.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 53, 54, and 56, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 57, 60, and 59, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 4, 23, 17, 18, 19, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 4 and 30; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 5, 15, 23, 34, 39, 42, and 48; the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 17; the LCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 8, 18, 24, 31, 35, 45, and 49; the LCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 19, and 25; and/or the LCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 10, 26, and 36.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site has a higher binding affinity to human CD19 relative to an antigen-binding site having VH and VL sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 20 and 13, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site binds human CD19 or an extracellular fragment thereof with a K_Dlower than or equal to 0.3 nM, as measured by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site binds human CD19 or an extracellular fragment thereof with a K_Din the range of 0.05-0.3 nM or in the range of 0.1-0.3 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

Series 3 Constructs

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 52, 61, and 55, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 57, 60, and 59, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 22, 23, 16, 18, 19, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 3, 14, 22, and 29; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 5, 23, 34, 42, and 48; the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 6 and 16; the LCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 8, 18, 24, 31, 35, 45, and 49; the LCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 19, and 25; and/or the LCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 10, 26, and 36.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 53, 61, and 56, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 57, 60, and 59, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 4, 23, 17, 18, 19, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 4 and 30; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 5, 23, 34, 42, and 48; the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 17; the LCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 8, 18, 24, 31, 35, 45, and 49; the LCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 19, and 25; and/or the LCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 10, 26, and 36.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site has a higher binding affinity to human CD19 relative to an antigen-binding site having VH and VL sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 20 and 13, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site binds human CD19 or an extracellular fragment thereof with a K_Dlower than or equal to 0.2 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site binds human CD19 or an extracellular fragment thereof with a K_Din the range of 0.05-0.2 nM or in the range of 0.1-0.2 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

Individual Constructs

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-101. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 5, and 6, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 8, 9, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 4, 5, and 7, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 8, 9, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 1, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-102. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 14, 15, and 16, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 18, 19, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 4, 15, and 17, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 18, 19, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 12, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 13. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 12 and 13, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-103. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 22, 23, and 16, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 24, 25, and 26, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 4, 23, and 17, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 24, 25, and 26, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 20, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 21. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 20 and 21, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-104. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 29, 23, and 6, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 31, 25, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 30, 23, and 7, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 31, 25, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 27, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 28. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 27 and 28, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-105. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 14, 34, and 6, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 35, 25, and 36, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 4, 34, and 7, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 35, 25, and 36, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 32, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 33. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 32 and 33, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-106. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 39, and 16, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 24, 25, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 4, 39, and 17, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 24, 25, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 37, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 38. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 37 and 38, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-107. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 42, and 16, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 18, 25, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 4, 42, and 17, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 18, 25, and 10, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 40, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 41. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 40 and 41, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-108. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 29, 23, and 16, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 45, 19, and 36, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 30, 23, and 17, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 45, 19, and 36, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 43, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 44. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 43 and 44, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-109. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 29, 48, and 16, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 49, 9, and 26, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 30, 48, and 17, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 49, 9, and 26, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 46, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 47. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 46 and 47, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-110. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 22, 23, and 16, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 18, 51, and 36, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 4, 23, and 17, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 18, 51, and 36, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 20, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 50. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 20 and 50, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-CD19-101, CNG-CD19-102, CNG-CD19-103, CNG-CD19-110, CNG-CD19-104, CNG-CD19-105, CNG-CD19-106, CNG-CD19-107, CNG-CD19-108, or CNG-CD19-109 has a higher binding affinity to human and/or cynomolgus CD19 relative to an antigen-binding site having VH and VL sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 20 and 13, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-CD19-101, CNG-CD19-102, CNG-CD19-103, CNG-CD19-104, CNG-CD19-105, CNG-CD19-106, CNG-CD19-107, CNG-CD19-108, or CNG-CD19-109 binds human CD19 or an extracellular fragment thereof with a K_Dlower than or equal to 0.3 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-CD19-101, CNG-CD19-102, CNG-CD19-103, CNG-CD19-104, CNG-CD19-105, CNG-CD19-106, CNG-CD19-107, CNG-CD19-108, or CNG-CD19-109 binds human CD19 or an extracellular fragment thereof with a K_Din the range of 0.05-0.3 nM or in the range of 0.1-0.3 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-CD19-101, CNG-CD19-103, CNG-CD19-104, CNG-CD19-105, CNG-CD19-107, CNG-CD19-108, or CNG-CD19-109 binds human CD19 or an extracellular fragment thereof with a K_Dlower than or equal to 0.2 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-CD19-101, CNG-CD19-103, CNG-CD19-104, CNG-CD19-105, CNG-CD19-107, CNG-CD19-108, or CNG-CD19-109 binds human CD19 or an extracellular fragment thereof with a K_Din the range of 0.05-0.2 nM or in the range of 0.1-0.2 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-CD19-103, CNG-CD19-110, CNG-CD19-104, CNG-CD19-105, CNG-CD19-106, CNG-CD19-107, CNG-CD19-108, or CNG-CD19-109 binds cynomolgus CD19 with a K_Dlower than or equal to 9 nM, 8 nM, 7 nM, 6 nM, 5 nM, 4 nM, or 3 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-CD19-103, CNG-CD19-110, CNG-CD19-104, CNG-CD19-105, CNG-CD19-106, CNG-CD19-107, CNG-CD19-108, or CNG-CD19-109 binds cynomolgus CD19 with a K_Din the range of 1-9 nM, 1-8 nM, 1-7 nM, 1-6 nM, 1-5 nM, 1-4 nM, or 1-3 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

The present disclosure also provides an antigen-binding site that competes for binding CD19 (e.g., human CD19) with an antibody or antigen-binding site comprising the VH, VL and/or scFv sequences provided in Table 1.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is in the form of an scFv. In certain embodiments, the VH is positioned C-terminal to the VL. In certain embodiments, the VH is positioned N-terminal to the VL. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL are linked by a peptide linker, for example, a linker disclosed in subsection E below titled “Linkers.” To stabilize the scFv, the amino acid residues at position 44 of the VH and at position 100 of the VL (under Kabat numbering) can be substituted by Cys, thereby facilitating the formation of a disulfide bond between the VH and the VL. Accordingly, in certain embodiments, the VH and VL comprise Cys at positions 100 and 44, respectively. In certain embodiments, the scFv comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides an antigen-binding site that binds CD19 (e.g., human CD19) derived from the antibodies listed in Table 2. The present disclosure also provides an antibody comprising the antigen-binding site. The CDR sequences are identified under the Kabat numbering scheme unless indicated by an asterisk (*).

TABLE 2

Sequences of Exemplary Antibodies That Bind CD19

Antibody
VH and HCDRs
VL and LCDRs

CNG-CD19-
QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGS
EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSA

701
ISTSTMGVGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWW
SSSVGYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIY

DDDKRYNPNLKSRVTMSVDTSKNQFSL
DTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTL

KLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFD
TISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFT

YWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 62)
FGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 63)

HCDR1*: GSISTSTMGVG (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: SASSSVGYMH (SEQ ID

64)
NO: 69)

HCDR1: TSTMGVG (SEQ ID NO: 65)
LCDR2: DTSKLAS (SEQ ID NO: 70)

HCDR2: FIWWDDDKRYNPNLKS (SEQ
LCDR3: FQGSVYPFT (SEQ ID NO:

ID NO: 66)
71)

HCDR3*: ARMELWSYYFDY (SEQ ID

NO: 67)

HCDR3: MELWSYYFDY (SEQ ID NO: 68)

scFv:

EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVGYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKL

ASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEIK

GGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSTMGVGW

IRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWWDDDKRYNPNLKSRVTMSVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAAD

TAVYYCARMELWSYYFD YWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 72)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGS
EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSA

702
TSTSGMGVSWIRQHPGKGLEWIGHIWW
SSSVSYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIY

DDDKRYNPVLKSRVTISVDTSKNQFSL
DTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTL

KLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFD
TISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFT

PWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 73)
FGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 74)

HCDR1*: GSTSTSGMGVS (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: SASSSVSYMH (SEQ ID

75)
NO: 80)

HCDR1: TSGMGVS (SEQ ID NO: 76)
LCDR2: DTSKLAS (SEQ ID NO: 70)

HCDR2: HIWWDDDKRYNPVLKS (SEQ
LCDR3: FQGSVYPFT (SEQ ID NO:

ID NO: 77)
71)

HCDR3*: ARMELWSYYFDP (SEQ ID

NO: 78)

HCDR3: MELWSYYFDP (SEQ ID NO: 79)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGS
EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSA

703
ISTSTMGVGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWW
SSSVSYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIY

DDDKRYNPNLKSRVTMSVDTSKNQFSL
DTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTL

KLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFE
TISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFT

YWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 81)
FGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 74)

HCDR1*: GSISTSTMGVG (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: SASSSVSYMH (SEQ ID

64)
NO: 80)

HCDR1: TSTMGVG (SEQ ID NO: 65)
LCDR2: DTSKLAS (SEQ ID NO: 70)

HCDR2: FIWWDDDKRYNPNLKS (SEQ
LCDR3: FQGSVYPFT (SEQ ID NO:

ID NO: 66)
71)

HCDR3*: ARMELWSYYFEY (SEQ ID

NO: 82)

HCDR3: MELWSYYFEY (SEQ ID NO: 83)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGS
EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSA

704
IASGMGVGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGHIWW
SSSVSYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIY

DDDKRYNPALKSRVTISVDTSKNQFSL
DTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTL

KLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFD
TISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFT

GWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 84)
FGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 74)

HCDR1*: GSIASGMGVG (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: SASSSVSYMH (SEQ ID

85)
NO: 80)

HCDR1: SGMGVG (SEQ ID NO: 86)
LCDR2: DTSKLAS (SEQ ID NO: 70)

HCDR2: HIWWDDDKRYNPALKS (SEQ
LCDR3: FQGSVYPFT (SEQ ID NO:

ID NO: 87)
71)

HCDR3*: ARMELWSYYFDG (SEQ ID

NO: 88)

HCDR3: MELWSYYFDG (SEQ ID NO: 89)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGS
EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSA

705
ISTSGMGVGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGHIWW
SSSVGYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIY

DDDKRYNPALKSRVTISVDTSKNQFSL
DTSSLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTLT

KLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFD
ISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTF

YWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 90)
GQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 91)

HCDR1*: GSISTSGMGVG (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: SASSSVGYMH (SEQ ID

92)
NO: 69)

HCDR1: TSGMGVG (SEQ ID NO: 93)
LCDR2: DTSSLAS (SEQ ID NO: 94)

HCDR2: HIWWDDDKRYNPALKS (SEQ
LCDR3: FQGSVYPFT (SEQ ID NO:

ID NO: 87)
71)

HCDR3*: ARMELWSYYFDY (SEQ ID

NO: 67)

HCDR3: MELWSYYFDY (SEQ ID NO: 68)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGS
EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSA

706
IASGMGVSWIRQHPGKGLEWIGHIWWD
SSSVGYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIY

DDKRYNPALKSRVTISVDTSKNQFSLKL
DTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTL

SSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFDPW
TISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFT

GQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 95)
FGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 63)

HCDR1*: GSIASGMGVS (SEQ ID NO: 96)
LCDR1: SASSSVGYMH (SEQ ID

NO: 69)

HCDR1: SGMGVS (SEQ ID NO: 97)

HCDR2: HIWWDDDKRYNPALKS (SEQ
LCDR2: DTSKLAS (SEQ ID NO: 70)

ID NO: 87)

HCDR3*: ARMELWSYYFDP (SEQ ID
LCDR3: FQGSVYPFT (SEQ ID NO: 71)

NO: 78)

HCDR3: MELWSYYFDP (SEQ ID NO: 79)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGS
EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSA

707
ISTSTMGVGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWW
SSSVGYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIY

DDDKRYNPNLKSRVTMSVDTSKNQFSL
DTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTL

KLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFD
TISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFT

PWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 98)
FGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 63)

HCDR1*: GSISTSTMGVG (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: SASSSVGYMH (SEQ ID

64)
NO: 69)

HCDR1: TSTMGVG (SEQ ID NO: 65)
LCDR2: DTSKLAS (SEQ ID NO: 70)

HCDR2: FIWWDDDKRYNPNLKS
LCDR3: FQGSVYPFT (SEQ ID NO:

(SEQ ID NO: 66)
71)

HCDR3*: ARMELWSYYFDP (SEQ ID

NO: 78)

HCDR3: MELWSYYFDP (SEQ ID NO: 79)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGS
EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCS

708
ISTSTMGVGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWW
ASSSVGYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIY

DDDKRYNPNLKSRVTMSVDTSKNQFSL
DTSKLSSGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTL

KLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFD
TISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFT

PWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 98)
FGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 99)

HCDR1*: GSISTSTMGVG (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: SASSSVGYMH (SEQ ID

64)
NO: 69)

HCDR1: TSTMGVG (SEQ ID NO: 65)
LCDR2: DTSKLSS (SEQ ID NO: 100)

HCDR2: FIWWDDDKRYNPNLKS (SEQ
LCDR3: FQGSVYPFT (SEQ ID NO: 71)

ID NO: 66)

HCDR3*: ARMELWSYYFDP (SEQ ID

NO: 78)

HCDR3: MELWSYYFDP (SEQ ID NO: 79)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGS
EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCS

709
ISTSTMGVGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWW
ASSSVGYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIY

DDDKRYNPNLKSRVTMSVDTSKNQFSL
DTSKLAFGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTL

KLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFD
TISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFT

PWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 98)
FGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 101)

HCDR1*: GSISTSTMGVG (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: SASSSVGYMH (SEQ ID

64)
NO: 69)

HCDR1: TSTMGVG (SEQ ID NO: 65)
LCDR2: DTSKLAF (SEQ ID NO: 102)

HCDR2: FIWWDDDKRYNPNLKS (SEQ

ID NO: 66)
LCDR3: FQGSVYPFT (SEQ ID NO: 71)

HCDR3*: ARMELWSYYFDP (SEQ ID

NO: 78)

HCDR3: MELWSYYFDP (SEQ ID NO: 79)

CNG-CD19-
QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGVS
EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSA

710
ISTSSMGVGWIRQHPGKGLE WIGHAW
SSSFSYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIY

WDDDKRYNPALKSRVTISVDTSKNQFS
DTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTL

LKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYF
TISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFT

DPWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 103)
FGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 104)

HCDR1*: VSISTSSMGVG (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: SASSSFSYMH (SEQ ID

105)
NO: 108)

HCDR1: TSSMGVG (SEQ ID NO: 106)
LCDR2: DTSKLAS (SEQ ID NO: 70)

HCDR2: HAWWDDDKRYNPALKS (SEQ
LCDR3: FQGSVYPFT (SEQ ID NO:

ID NO: 107)
71)

HCDR3*: ARMELWSYYFDP (SEQ ID

NO: 78)

HCDR3: MELWSYYFDP (SEQ ID NO: 79)

Consensus-1
HCDR1*: X₁SX₂X₃X₄SX₅MGVX₆, wherein
LCDR1: SASSSXXYMH, wherein

(CNG-
X₁ is G or V; X₂ is I or T; X₃ is S or A; X₄ is
X₁ is V or F; and X₂ is S or G (SEQ

CD19-701 to
T or no amino acid residue; X₅ is G or T; and
ID NO: 114)

-710)
X₆ is G or S (SEQ ID NO: 109)

HCDR1: X₁SX₂MGVX₃, wherein X₁ is T or
LCDR2: DTSX₁LX₂X₃, wherein X₁ is

no amino acid residue; X₂ is G or T; and X₃
K or S; X₂ is A or S; and X₃ is S or F

is G or S (SEQ ID NO: 110)
(SEQ ID NO: 115)

HCDR2: X₁X₂WWDDDKRYNPX₃LKS,
LCDR3: FQGSVYPFT (SEQ ID NO: 71)

wherein X₁ is H or F; X₂ is I or A; and X₃ is

A, N, or V (SEQ ID NO: 111)

HCDR3*: ARMELWSYYFX₁X₂, wherein

X₁ is D or E; and X₂ is Y, P, or G (SEQ ID

NO: 112)

HCDR3: MELWSYYFX₁X₂, wherein X₁ is

D or E; and X₂ is Y, P, or G (SEQ ID NO:

113)

Consensus-2
HCDR1*: X₁SIX₂X₃SX₄MGVX₅, wherein
LCDR1: SASSSXXYMH, wherein

(CNG-
X₁ is G or V; X₂ is S or A; X₃ is T or no
X₁ is V or F; and X₂ is S or G (SEQ

CD19-701
amino acid residue; X₄ is G or T; and X₅ is G
ID NO: 114)

and -706 to
or S (SEQ ID NO: 116)

-710)

HCDR1: X₁SX₂MGVX₃, wherein X₁ is T or
LCDR2: DTSKLX₁X₂, wherein X₁ is

no amino acid residue; X₂ is G or T; and X₃
A or S; and X₂ is S or F (SEQ ID NO:

is G or S (SEQ ID NO: 110)
120)

HCDR2: X₁X₂WWDDDKRYNPX₃LKS,
LCDR3: FQGSVYPFT (SEQ ID NO: 71)

wherein X₁ is H or F; X₂ is I or A; and X₃ is

A or N (SEQ ID NO: 117)

HCDR3*: ARMELWSYYFDX, wherein X

is Y or P (SEQ ID NO: 118)

HCDR3: MELWSYYFDX, wherein X is Y

or P (SEQ ID NO: 119)

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 of the present invention comprises a VH that comprises an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to the VH of an antibody disclosed in Table 2, and a VL that comprises an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to the VL of the same antibody disclosed in Table 2. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3, determined under Kabat (see Kabat et al., (1991) Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, NIH Publication No. 91-3242, Bethesda), Chothia (see, e.g., Chothia C & Lesk A M, (1987), J Mol Biol 196: 901-917), MacCallum (see MacCallum R M et al., (1996) J Mol Biol 262: 732-745), IMGT (see Lefranc, (1999) The Immunologist, 7, 132-136), or any other CDR determination method known in the art, of the VH and VL sequences of an antibody disclosed in Table 2. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences of an antibody disclosed in Table 2. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the VH and VL sequences of an antibody disclosed in Table 2.

Series 1 Constructs

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 109, 111, and 112, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 114, 115, and 71, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 92, 87, 67, 80, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 64, 75, 85, 92, 96, and 105; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 66, 77, 87, and 107; the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 67, 78, 82, and 88; the LCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 69, 80, and 108; the LCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 70, 94, 100, and 102; and/or the LCDR3 sequence is SEQ ID NO: 71.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 110, 111, and 113, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 114, 115, and 71, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 93, 87, 68, 80, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 65, 76, 86, 93, 97, and 106; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 66, 77, 87, and 107; the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 68, 79, 83, and 89; the LCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 69, 80, and 108; the LCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 70, 94, 100, and 102; and/or the LCDR3 sequence is SEQ ID NO: 71.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 62, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 63.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site has a higher binding affinity to human CD19 relative to an antigen-binding site having VH and VL sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 90 and 74, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site binds human CD19 or an extracellular fragment thereof with a K_Dlower than or equal to 2 nM, 1 nM, or 0.5 nM, as measured by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site binds human CD19 or an extracellular fragment thereof with a K_Din the range of 0.05-2 nM, in the range of 0.05-1 nM, or in the range of 0.05-0.5 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

Series 2 Constructs

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 116, 117, and 118, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 114, 120, and 71, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 92, 87, 67, 80, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 64, 96, and 105; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 66, 87, and 107; the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 67 and 78; the LCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 69 and 108; the LCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 70, 100, and 102; and/or the LCDR3 sequence is SEQ ID NO: 71.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 110, 117, and 119, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 114, 120, and 71, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 93, 87, 68, 80, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 65, 97, and 106; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 66, 87, and 107; the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 68 and 79; the LCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 69 and 108; the LCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 70, 100, and 102; and/or the LCDR3 sequence is SEQ ID NO: 71.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 62, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 63.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site has a higher binding affinity to human CD19 relative to an antigen-binding site having VH and VL sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 90 and 74, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site binds human CD19 or an extracellular fragment thereof with a K_Dlower than or equal to 0.4 nM, 0.3 nM, 0.2 nM, or 0.1 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site binds human CD19 or an extracellular fragment thereof with a K_Din the range of 0.05-0.4 nM, 0.05-0.3 nM, 0.05-0.2 nM, or 0.05-0.1 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

Individual Constructs

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-701. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 64, 66, and 67, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 69, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 65, 66, and 68, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 69, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 62, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 63. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 62 and 63, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-702. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 75, 77, and 78, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 80, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 76, 77, and 79, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 80, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 73, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 74. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 73 and 74, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-703. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 64, 66, and 82, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 80, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 65, 66, and 83, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 80, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 81, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 74. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 81 and 74, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-704. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 85, 87, and 88, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 80, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 86, 87, and 89, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 80, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 84, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 74. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 84 and 74, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-705. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 92, 87, and 67, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 69, 94, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 93, 87, and 68, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 69, 94, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 90, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 91. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 90 and 91, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-706. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 96, 87, and 78, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 69, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 97, 87, and 79, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 69, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 95, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 63. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 95 and 63, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-707. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 64, 66, and 78, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 69, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 65, 66, and 79, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 69, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 98, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 63. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 98 and 63, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-708. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 64, 66, and 78, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 69, 100, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 65, 66, and 79, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 69, 100, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 98, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 99. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 98 and 99, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-709. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 64, 66, and 78, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 69, 102, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 65, 66, and 79, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 69, 102, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 98, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 101. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 98 and 101, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from CNG-CD19-710. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 105, 107, and 78, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 108, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 106, 107, and 79, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 108, 70, and 71, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 103, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 104. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 103 and 104, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-CD19-701, CNG-CD19-702, CNG-CD19-703, CNG-CD19-704, CNG-CD19-705, CNG-CD19-706, CNG-CD19-707, CNG-CD19-708, CNG-CD19-709, or CNG-CD19-710 has a higher binding affinity to human CD19 relative to an antigen-binding site having VH and VL sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 90 and 74, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-CD19-701, CNG-CD19-702, CNG-CD19-703, CNG-CD19-704, CNG-CD19-705, CNG-CD19-706, CNG-CD19-707, CNG-CD19-708, CNG-CD19-709, or CNG-CD19-710 binds human CD19 or an extracellular fragment thereof with a K_Dlower than or equal to 2 nM, 1 nM, or 0.5 nM, as measured by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-CD19-701, CNG-CD19-702, CNG-CD19-703, CNG-CD19-704, CNG-CD19-705, CNG-CD19-706, CNG-CD19-707, CNG-CD19-708, CNG-CD19-709, or CNG-CD19-710 binds human CD19 or an extracellular fragment thereof with a K_Din the range of 0.05-2 nM, in the range of 0.05-1 nM, or in the range of 0.05-0.5 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-CD19-701, CNG-CD19-706, CNG-CD19-707, CNG-CD19-708, CNG-CD19-709, or CNG-CD19-710 binds human CD19 or an extracellular fragment thereof with a K_Dlower than or equal to 0.4 nM, 0.3 nM, 0.2 nM, or 0.1 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-CD19-701, CNG-CD19-706, CNG-CD19-707, CNG-CD19-708, CNG-CD19-709, or CNG-CD19-710 binds human CD19 or an extracellular fragment thereof with a K_Din the range of 0.05-0.4 nM, 0.05-0.3 nM, 0.05-0.2 nM, or 0.05-0.1 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-CD19-701, CNG-CD19-702, CNG-CD19-703, CNG-CD19-704, CNG-CD19-705, CNG-CD19-706, CNG-CD19-707, CNG-CD19-708, CNG-CD19-709, or CNG-CD19-710 binds cynomolgus CD19 with a K_Dlower than or equal to 8 nM, 7 nM, 6 nM, 5 nM, 4 nM, or 3 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-CD19-701, CNG-CD19-702, CNG-CD19-703, CNG-CD19-704, CNG-CD19-705, CNG-CD19-706, CNG-CD19-707, CNG-CD19-708, CNG-CD19-709, or CNG-CD19-710 binds cynomolgus CD19 with a K_Din the range of 1-8 nM, 1-7 nM, 1-6 nM, 1-5 nM, 1-4 nM, or 1-3 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

It is understood, however, that CNG-CD19-701 to CNG-CD19-710 exhibit high stability, having a melting temperature in the range of 80-85° C. when present in the form of an Fab. As a result, it is contemplated that antigen-binding sites derived from these antibodies are stable in the absence of such Cys substitutions. It is further contemplated that the absence of Cys substitution is advantageous in the context of a multi-specific binding protein, given that a multi-specific binding protein may comprise another antigen-binding site stabilized by a disulfide bridge formed between two Cys residues introduced. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is possible that the presence of two pairs of Cys residues may increase the risk of misfolding as a result of formation of undesired disulfide bridge. Therefore, use of an antigen-binding site that is stable in the absence of intramolecular disulfide bridge may confer flexibility to selecting another antigen-binding site when constructing a multi-specific binding protein. Accordingly, in certain embodiments, the VH and VL do not comprise Cys at positions 100 and 44, respectively. In certain embodiments, the scFv comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 72.

II. Multi-Specific Binding Proteins

In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a multi-specific binding protein that comprises a first domain (e.g., a first antigen-binding site) that binds CD19 (e.g., human CD19); a second domain (e.g., a second antigen-binding site) that binds CD3 (e.g., human and/or Macaca CD3), such as CD3ε (epsilon), CD3δ (delta), and/or CD3γ (gamma); and optionally a half-life extension domain. The multi-specific binding protein is configured to bring CD19-expressing cells, such as B cells, into spacial proximity with CD3-expressing cells, such as T cells, to enhance cytotoxicity of the CD3-expressing cells against the CD19-expressing cells. This target-specific cytotoxicity is desirable for treating diseases associated with CD19-expressing cells. The activation of the CD3-expressing cells can also result in cytokine production. Such cytokine production, when in the appropriate amount can be beneficial for T cell activation and proliferation, leading to optimal and sustained T cell re-direct target killing. However, when cytokine production is excessive it can lead to undesirable systemic toxicities such as cytokine release syndrome. To achieve target-specific cytotoxicity without eliciting excessive cytokine production, multi-specific binding proteins have been designed with high affinity to CD19 (with a K_Dgreater than 5 pM and smaller than 1 nM as measured by SPR) and varying affinity to CD3 (with a K_Dranging from lower than 10 nM to greater than 50 nM as measured by SPR). The results described in Example 9 infra, comparing multi-specific binding proteins having different binding affinities to CD3, demonstrate the benefit of using a CD3-binding domain with a K_Dlower than 10 nM where the multi-specific binding protein has a very high affinity to CD19 (e.g., with a K_Dlower than 1 nM, 0.1 nM, 50 pM, or 20 pM as measured by SPR). Specifically, a CD3-binding domain that binds CD3 with a K_Din the range of 0.5 nM to 10 nM as measured by SPR, relative to a CD3-binding domain that binds CD3 with a K_Dgreater than 10 nM as measured by SPR, confers an improvement in the multi-specific binding protein's cytotoxic activity at least as robustly as an increase in its ability to induce cytokine production. It is contemplated, therefore, that a multi-specific binding protein having an affinity to CD19 with a K_Din the range of 5 pM to 1 nM, as measured by SPR, and an affinity to CD3 with a K_Din the range of 0.5 nM to 10 nM, as measured by SPR, can be used, for example, at low doses, to achieve a therapeutic effect while minimizing potential safety issues. Accordingly, in certain embodiments of the multi-specific binding protein disclosed herein, the first domain binds CD19 (e.g., human CD19) with a K_Dwithin the range of 5 pM to 1 nM, and the second domain binds CD3 (e.g., human CD3) with a K_Dwithin the range of 0.5 nM to 10 nM, each K_Dmeasured by SPR.

In certain embodiments, each K_Dis measured by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site binds CD19 (e.g., human CD19) with a K_D, as measured by SPR, within the range of 5 pM to 1 nM, 5 pM to 0.5 nM, 5 pM to 0.2 nM, 5 pM to 0.1 nM, 5 pM to 50 pM, 5 pM to 20 pM, 5 pM to 10 pM, 10 pM to 1 nM, 10 pM to 0.5 nM, 10 pM to 0.2 nM, 10 pM to 0.1 nM, 10 pM to 50 pM, or 10 pM to 20 pM. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site binds CD3 (e.g., human CD3) with a K_D, as measured by SPR, within the range of 0.5 nM to 10 nM, 0.5 nM to 5 nM, 0.5 nM to 2 nM, 0.5 nM to 1 nM, 1 nM to 10 nM, 1 nM to 5 nM, or 1 nM to 2 nM. In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site binds CD19 (e.g., human CD19) with a K_D, as measured by SPR, within the range of 5 pM to 0.1 nM, 5 pM to 50 pM, 5 pM to 20 pM, 10 pM to 1 nM, 10 pM to 0.1 nM, 10 pM to 50 pM, or 10 pM to 20 pM, and the second antigen-binding site binds CD3 (e.g., human CD3) with a K_D, as measured by SPR, within the range of 0.5 nM to 10 nM. In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site binds CD19 (e.g., human CD19) with a K_D, as measured by SPR, within the range of 5 pM to 0.1 nM, 5 pM to 50 pM, 5 pM to 20 pM, 10 pM to 1 nM, 10 pM to 0.1 nM, 10 pM to 50 pM, or 10 pM to 20 pM, and the second antigen-binding site binds CD3 (e.g., human CD3) with a K_D, as measured by SPR, within the range of 1 nM to 10 nM.

In certain embodiments, each K_Dis measured by bio-layer interferometry (BLI). In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site binds CD19 (e.g., human CD19) with a K_D, as measured by BLI, within the range of 50 pM to 1 nM, 50 pM to 0.5 nM, 50 pM to 0.2 nM, 50 pM to 0.1 nM, 0.1 nM to 1 nM, 0.1 nM to 0.5 nM, or 0.1 nM to 0.2 nM. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site binds CD3 (e.g., human CD3) with a K_D, as measured by BLI, within the range of 5 nM to 100 nM, 5 nM to 50 nM, 5 nM to 20 nM, 5 nM to 10 nM, 10 nM to 100 nM, 10 nM to 50 nM, or 10 nM to 20 nM. In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site binds CD19 (e.g., human CD19) with a K_D, as measured by BLI, within the range of 50 pM to 1 nM, 50 pM to 0.5 nM, 50 pM to 0.2 nM, 0.1 nM to 10 nM, 0.1 nM to 0.5 nM, or 0.1 nM to 0.2 nM, and the second antigen-binding site binds CD3 (e.g., human CD3) with a K_D, as measured by BLI, within the range of 5 nM to 100 nM. In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site binds CD19 (e.g., human CD19) with a K_D, as measured by BLI, within the range of 50 pM to 1 nM, 50 pM to 0.5 nM, 50 pM to 0.2 nM, 0.1 nM to 10 nM, 0.1 nM to 0.5 nM, or 0.1 nM to 0.2 nM, and the second antigen-binding site binds CD3 (e.g., human CD3) with a K_D, as measured by BLI, within the range of 10 nM to 100 nM.

In certain embodiments, the ratio of the K_Dwith which the second antigen-binding site binds CD3 (e.g., human CD3) to the K_Dwith which the first antigen-binding site binds CD19 (e.g., human CD19) is within the range of 10:1 to 1,000:1, 10:1 to 500:1, 10:1 to 200:1, 10:1 to 150:1, 20:1 to 1,000:1, 20:1 to 500:1, 20:1 to 200:1, 20:1 to 150:1, 50:1 to 1,000:1, 50:1 to 500:1, 50:1 to 200:1, 50:1 to 150:1, 100:1 to 1,000:1, 100:1 to 500:1, 100:1 to 200:1, or 100:1 to 150:1. In certain embodiments, the K_Dwith which the first antigen-binding site binds CD19 and the K_Dwith which the second antigen-binding site binds CD3 are measured by the same method (e.g., both by SPR or both by BLI).

The optional half-life extension domain can be a third domain (e.g., a third antigen-binding site) that binds serum albumin (e.g., HSA). In certain embodiments of the multi-specific binding protein disclosed herein, the first domain comprises an antigen-binding site disclosed in section I above titled “Anti-CD19 Antibodies.” In certain embodiments, the first, second, and third domains comprise a first antigen-binding site, a second antigen-binding site, and a third antigen-binding site, respectively. In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site of the multi-specific binding protein is an antigen-binding site that binds CD19 disclosed in section I above titled “Anti-CD19 Antibodies.”

Each of the antigen-binding sites of the multi-specific binding protein can take various forms, such as single-chain variable fragment (scFv), Fab fragment, or single domain antibody (sdAb). In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site comprises an scFv. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises an scFv. In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site comprises an sdAb.

Alternatively, it is also contemplated that one or more of the binding domains may not comprise an antigen-binding site. For example, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US20130316952A1 discloses a polypeptide that binds serum albumin having the amino acid sequence of LKEAKEKAIEELKKAGITSDYYFDLINKAKTVEGVNALKDEILKA (SEQ ID NO: 282). Additional exemplary polypeptides that bind HSA are described in Dennis et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem., 277: 35035-43; Jacobs et al. (2015) Protein Eng. Des. Sel., 28: 385-93; and Zorzi et al. (2017) Nat. Commun., 8: 16092.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein further comprises an antibody Fc region. The presence of an Fc region may increase the serum half-life of the multi-specific binding protein. Depending on the specific Fc subtype and variant used, the Fc region may also alter the activity (e.g., cytotoxic activity) of the multi-specific binding protein.

In other embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein does not comprise an antibody Fc region. The absence of Fc contributes to a smaller size of the multi-specific binding protein, which can exhibit improved tissue penetration and pharmacokinetic properties. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding proteins consists of or consists essentially of the first, second, and third antigen-binding sites and the linkers between them. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding proteins consists essentially of the first, second, and third antigen-binding sites.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein binds CD19, CD3, and/or serum albumin monovalently. The exclusion of additional binding domains reduces the risk of non-specific immune cell activation and decreases the size of the multi-specific binding protein.

A. Antigen-Binding Site that Binds CD19

The first antigen-binding site of the multi-specific binding protein binds CD19 (e.g., human CD19). In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site is an antigen-binding site that binds CD19 disclosed in section I above titled “Anti-CD19 Antibodies.”

Alternatively, the first antigen-binding site that binds CD19 can be derived from, for example, MT-103 (a single-chain bispecific CD19/CD3 antibody; see, Hoffman et al. (2005) Int. J. Cancer, 115: 98-104; Schlereth et al. (2006) Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 55: 503-14), a CD19/CD16 diabody (see, Schlenzka et al. (2004) Anti-cancer Drugs 15: 915-19; Kipriyanov et al. (2002) J. Immunol. 169: 137-44), BU12-saporin (see, Flavell et al. (1995) Br. J. Cancer 72: 1373-79), and anti-CD19-idarubicin (see, Rowland et al. (1993) Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 55: 503-14). Additional exemplary antigen-binding sites that bind CD19, from which the instant first antigen-binding site may be derived, are disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication Nos. US20170174786A1, US20090042291A1, US20160046730A1, US20070154473A1, US20090142349A1, US20180142018A1, US20090136526A1, US20060257398A1, and US20180230225A1, and PCT Publication No. WO2019057100A1. For example, in certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site that binds CD19 is derived from an antibody listed in Table 3.

TABLE 3

Sequences of Exemplary Antibodies That Bind CD19

Antibody
VH and HCDRs
VL and LCDRs

CNG-
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCKSS

CD19-1
YTFTDYIMHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGYIN
QSLETSTGTTYLNWYLQKPGQSPQ

PYNDGSKYTEKFQGRVTMTSDTSISTA
LLIYRVSKRFSGVPDRFSGSGSGTD

YMELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGP
FTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCLQLLEDP

QLFDYWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
YTFGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 13)

20)

HCDR1*: YTFTDYIMH (SEQ ID NO: 22)
LCDR1: KSSQSLETSTGTTYLN

(SEQ ID NO: 18)

HCDR1: DYIMH (SEQ ID NO: 4)
LCDR2: RVSKRFS (SEQ ID NO: 19)

HCDR2: YINPYNDGSKYTEKFQG (SEQ
LCDR3: LQLLEDPYT (SEQ ID NO:

ID NO: 23)
10)

HCDR3*: ARGTYYYGPQLFDY (SEQ ID

NO: 16)

HCDR3: GTYYYGPQLFDY (SEQ ID NO:

17)

CNG-
QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGS
EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSAS

CD19-7
ISTSGMGVGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGHIWW
SSVSYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIYDT

DDDKRYNPALKSRVTISVDTSKNQFSL
SKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSL

KLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFD
EPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGT

YWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 90)
KLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 74)

HCDR1*: GSISTSGMGVG (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: SASSSVSYMH (SEQ ID NO:

92)
80)

HCDR1: TSGMGVG (SEQ ID NO: 93)
LCDR2: DTSKLAS (SEQ ID NO: 70)

HCDR2: HIWWDDDKRYNPALKS (SEQ
LCDR3: FQGSVYPFT (SEQ ID NO:

ID NO: 87)
71)

HCDR3*: ARMELWSYYFDY (SEQ ID

NO: 67)

HCDR3: MELWSYYFDY (SEQ ID NO:

68)

Xencor
EVQLVESGGGLVKPGGSLKLSCAASGY
DIVMTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCRSS

mAb
TFTSYVMHWVRQAPGKGLEWIGYINP
KSLQNVNGNTYLYWFQQKPGQSP

YNDGTKYNEKFQGRVTISSDKSISTAY
QLLIYRMSNLNSGVPDRFSGSGSGT

MELSSLRSEDTAMYYCARGTYYYGTR
EFTLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCMQHLEY

VFDYWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 197)
PITFGAGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 198)

HCDR1: SYVMH (SEQ ID NO: 199)
LCDR1: RSSKSLQNVNGNTYLY

(SEQ ID NO: 202)

HCDR2: WIGYINPYNDGTKY (SEQ ID
LCDR2: RMSNLNS (SEQ ID NO: 203)

NO: 200)

HCDR3: GTYYYGTRVFDY (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR3: MQHLEYPIT (SEQ ID NO:

201)
204)

Abbvie
QVQLQQSGAELVRPGSSVKISCKASGY
DILLTQTPASLAVSLGQRATISCKAS

mAb
AFSSYWMNWVKQRPGQGLEWIGQIWP
QSVDYDGDSYLNWYQQIPGQPPKL

GDGDTNYNGKFKGKATLTADESSSTA
LIYDASNLVSGIPPRFSGSGSGTDFT

YMQLSSLASEDSAVYFCARRETTTVGR
LNIHPVEKVDAATYHCQQSTEDPW

YYYAMDYWGQGTSVTVSS (SEQ ID
TFGGGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 206)

NO: 205)

HCDR1: SYWMN (SEQ ID NO: 207)
LCDR1: KASQSVDYDGDSYLN

(SEQ ID NO: 210)

HCDR2: QIWPGDGDTNYNGKFKG (SEQ
LCDR2: DASNLVS (SEQ ID NO: 211)

ID NO: 208)

HCDR3: RETTTVGRYYYAMDY (SEQ ID
LCDR3: QQSTEDPWT (SEQ ID NO: 212)

NO: 209)

Immuno-
QVQLQQSGAEVKKPGSSVKVSCKASG
DIQLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCKAS

medics
YAFSSYWMNWVRQRPGQGLEWIGQIW
QSVDYDGDSYLNWYQQIPGKAPKL

mAb
PGDGDTNYNGKFKGRATITADESTNTA
LIYDASNLVSGIPPRFSGSGSGTDYT

YMELSSLRSEDTAFYSCARRETTTVGR
FTISSLQPEDIATYHCQQSTEDPWTF

YYYAMDYWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID
GGGTKLQIKR (SEQ ID NO: 214)

NO: 213)

HCDR1: SYWMN (SEQ ID NO: 29)
LCDR1: KASQSVDYDGDSYLN

(SEQ ID NO: 217)

HCDR2: QIWPGDGDTNYNGKFKG (SEQ
LCDR2: DASNLVS (SEQ ID NO: 218)

ID NO: 215)

HCDR3: RETTTVGRYYYAMDY (SEQ ID
LCDR3: QQSTEDPWT (SEQ ID NO:

NO: 216)
219)

Merck
QVQLEQPGAEVVKPGASVKVSCKTSG
QIVLTQSPATLSASPGEKATMTCSA

mAb
YTFTSNWMHWVKQTPGKGLEWIGEID
SSGVNYMHWYQQKPGTSPKRWIY

PSDSYTNYNQKFDGKAKLTVDKSSSTA
DTDKTASGVPARFSGSGSGTSYSLT

YMEVSDLTAEDSATYYCARGSNPYYY
ISSMEAEDAATYYCHQRGSYTFGG

AMDYWGQGTSVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
GTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 221)

220)

HCDR1: SNWMH (SEQ ID NO: 222)
LCDR1: SASSGVNYMH (SEQ ID NO:

225)

HCDR2: EIDPSDSYTN (SEQ ID NO: 223)
LCDR2: DTDKTAS (SEQ ID NO: 226)

HCDR3: GSNPYYYAMDY (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR3: HQRGSYT (SEQ ID NO: 227)

224)

Medarex
EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGESLKISCKGSGY
AIQLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRAS

mAb
SFSSSWIGWVRQMPGKGLEWMGIIYPD
QGISSALAWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYD

21D4a
DSDTRYSPSFQGQVTISADKSIRTAYLQ
ASSLESGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTIS

WSSLKASDTAMYYCARHVTMIWGVII
SLQPEDFATYYCQQFNSYPFTFGPG

DFWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 228)
TKVDIK (SEQ ID NO: 229)

HCDR1: SSWIG (SEQ ID NO: 230)
LCDR1: RASQGISSALA (SEQ ID NO:

233)

HCDR2: IIYPDDSDTRYSPSFQG (SEQ ID
LCDR2: DASSLES (SEQ ID NO: 234)

NO: 231)

HCDR3: HVTMIWGVIIDF (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR3: QQFNSYPFT (SEQ ID NO:

232)
235)

Medarex
EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGESLKISCKGSGY
AIQLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRAS

mAb
SFSSSWIGWVRQMPGKGLEWMGIIYPD
QGISSALAWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYD

21D4
DSDTRYSPSFQGQVTISADKSIRTAYLQ
ASSLESGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTIS

WSSLKASDTAMYYCARHVTMIWGVII
SLQPEDFATYYCQQFNSYPYTFGQ

DFWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 236)
GTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 237)

HCDR1: SSWIG (SEQ ID NO: 238)
LCDR1: RASQGISSALA (SEQ ID NO:

241)

HCDR2: IIYPDDSDTRYSPSFQG (SEQ ID
LCDR2: DASSLES (SEQ ID NO: 242)

NO: 239)

HCDR3: HVTMIWGVIIDF (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR3: QQFNSYPYT (SEQ ID NO:

240)
243)

Medarex
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGSSVKVSCKDSG
EIVLTQSPGTLSLSPGERATLSCRAS

mAb
GTFSSYAISWVRQAPGQGLEWMGGIIPI
QSVSSSYLAWYQQKPGQAPRLLIY

47G4
FGTTNYAQQFQGRVTITADESTSTAYM
GASSRATGIPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTI

ELSSLRSEDTAVYYCAREAVAADWLDP
SRLEPEDFAVYYCQQYGSSRFTFGP

WGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 244)
GTKVDIK (SEQ ID NO: 245)

HCDR1: SYAIS (SEQ ID NO: 246)
LCDR1: RASQSVSSSYLA (SEQ ID

NO: 249)

HCDR2: GIIPIFGTTNYAQQFQG (SEQ ID
LCDR2: GASSRAT (SEQ ID NO: 250)

NO: 247)

HCDR3: EAVAADWLDP (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR3: QQYGSSRFT (SEQ ID NO:

248)
251)

Medarex
EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGESLKISCKGSGY
AIQLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRAS

mAb 27F3
SFTSYWIAWVRQMPGKGLEWMGIIYPG
QGISSALAWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYD

DSDTRYSPSFQGQVTISADKSISTAYLQ
ASSLESGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTIS

WSSLKASDTAMYYCARQGYSSGWDSY
SLQPEDFATYYCQQFNSYPYTFGQ

YGMGVWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
GTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 253)

252)

HCDR1: SYWIA (SEQ ID NO: 254)
LCDR1: RASQGISSALA (SEQ ID NO:

257)

HCDR2: IIYPGDSDTRYSPSFQG (SEQ ID
LCDR2: DASSLES (SEQ ID NO: 258)

NO: 255)

HCDR3: QGYSSGWDSYYGMGV (SEQ
LCDR3: QQFNSYPYT (SEQ ID NO: 259)

ID NO: 256)

Medarex
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGSSVKVSCKASG
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRA

mAb
GTFSSYTINWVRQAPGQGLEWMGGIIPI
SQGISSWLAWYQQKPEKAPKSLIY

3C10
FGIPNYAQKFQGRVTITADESTNTAYM
AASSLQSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTI

ELSSLRAEDTAVYYCARASGGSADYSY
SSLQPEDFATYYCQQYKRYPYTFG

GMDVWGQGTAVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
QGIKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 261)

260)

HCDR1: SYTIN (SEQ ID NO: 262)
LCDR1: RASQGISSWLA (SEQ ID

NO: 265)

HCDR2: GIIPIFGIPNYAQKFQG (SEQ ID
LCDR2: AASSLQS (SEQ ID NO: 266)

NO: 263)

HCDR3: ASGGSADYSYGMDV (SEQ ID
LCDR3: QQYKRYPYT (SEQ ID NO:

NO: 264)
267)

Medarex
EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGESLNISCKGSGY
AIQLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRAS

mAb 5G7
SFTSYWIGWVRQMPGKGLEWMGIIYPG
QGISSALAWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYD

DSDTRYSPSFQGQVTISADKSINTAYLQ
ASSLESGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTIS

WSSLKASDTAMYYCARGVSMIWGVIM
SLQPEDFATYYCQQFNSYPWTFGQ

DVWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 268)
GTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 269)

HCDR1: SYWIG (SEQ ID NO: 270)
LCDR1: RASQGISSALA (SEQ ID NO:

273)

HCDR2: IIYPGDSDTRYSPSFQG (SEQ ID
LCDR2: DASSLES (SEQ ID NO: 274)

NO: 271)

HCDR3: GVSMIWGVIMDV (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR3: QQFNSYPWT (SEQ ID NO:

272)
275)

Medarex
EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGESLQISCKGSGY
AIQLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRAS

mAb 13F1
TFTNYWIAWVRQMPGKGLEWMGIIYP
QGISSALAWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYD

GDSDTRYSPSFQGQVTISADKSISTAYL
ASSLESGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTIS

QWSGLKASDTAMYYCARQGYSSGWR
SLQPEDFATYYCQQFNSYPHTFGQ

SYYGMGVWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID
GTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 277)

NO: 276)

HCDR1: NYWIA (SEQ ID NO: 278)
LCDR1: RASQGISSALA (SEQ ID NO:

281)

HCDR2: IIYPGDSDTRYSPSFQG (SEQ ID
LCDR2: DASSLES (SEQ ID NO: 282)

NO: 279)

HCDR3: QGYSSGWRSYYGMGV (SEQ
LCDR3: QQFNSYPHT (SEQ ID NO:

ID NO: 280)
283)

Medarex
EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGESLQISCKGSGY
AIQLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRAS

mAb 46E8
TFTNYWIAWVRQMPGKGLEWMGIIYP
QGISSALAWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYD

GDSDTRYSPSFQGQVTISADKSISTAYL
ASSLESGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTIS

QWSGLKASDTAMYYCARQGYSSGWR
SLQPEDFATYYCQQFNSYPHTFGQ

SYYGMGVWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID
GTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 285)

NO: 284)

HCDR1: NYWIA (SEQ ID NO: 286)
LCDR1: RASQGISSALA (SEQ ID NO:

289)

HCDR2: IIYPGDSDTRYSPSFQG (SEQ ID
LCDR2: DASSLES (SEQ ID NO: 290)

NO: 287)

HCDR3: QGYSSGWRSYYGMGV (SEQ
LCDR3: QQFNSYPHT (SEQ ID NO:

ID NO: 288)
291)

Novimmune
EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGESLKISCKGSGY
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRA

mAb
SFTSYWIGWVRQMPGKGLEWMGIIYPG
SQSISSYLNWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYA

DSDTRYSPSFQGQVTISADKSISTAYLQ
ASSLQSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTIS

WSSLKASDTAMYYCARGVSGIYNLHG
SLQPEDFATYYCQQGRFGSPFTFGQ

FDIWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 315)
GTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 316)

HCDR1: GYSFTSYW (SEQ ID NO: 317)
LCDR1: QSISSY (SEQ ID NO: 320)

HCDR2: IYPGDSDT (SEQ ID NO: 318)
LCDR2: AAS (SEQ ID NO: 321)

HCDR3: ARGVSGIYNLHGFDI (SEQ ID
LCDR3: QQGRFGSPFT (SEQ ID NO:

NO: 319)
322)

Eureka
QVQLVETGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGF
QTVVTQEPSVSAAPGQKVTISCSGS

mAb-1
TFSSYAMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSAISGS
SSNIGNNYVSWYQQLPGTAPKLLIY

GGSTYYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYL
DNNKRPSGIPDRFSGSKSGTSATLGI

QMNSLRAEDTAVYYCARYYYSRLDY
TGLQTGDEADYYCGTWDSSLSAGV

WGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 323)
FGTGTKLTVLGSR (SEQ ID NO: 324)

Eureka
QVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGF
QSVLTQPPSVSAAPGQKVTISCSGSS

mAb-2
TFSSYAMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSGISAS
SNIGNNYVSWYRQLPGTAPKLLIYE

GGSTYYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYL
NNKRPSGIPDRFSGSKSGTSATLGIT

QMNSLRAEDTAVYYCARYYLSQIDSW
GLQTGDEADYYCGTWDSSLRAGV

GQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 325)
FGTGTKVTVL (SEQ ID NO: 326)

Eureka
EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGATVKISCKVSGY
QSVLTQPPSASGTPGQRVTISCSGSS

mAb-3
TFTDYYMHWVQQAPGKGLEWMGLVD
SNIGSNTVNWYQQLPGTAPKLLIYS

PEDGETIYAEKFQGRVTITADTSTDTAY
NNQRPSGVPDRFSGSKSGTSASLAI

MELSSLRSEDTAVYYCATGIYSRPLGY
SGLQSEDEADYYCAAWDDSLNGH

WGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 327)
VVFGGGTKLTVL (SEQ ID NO: 328)

Eureka
EVQLVETGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGF
SYVLTQPPSASGTPGQRVTISCSGSS

mAb-4
TFSSYAMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSAISGS
SNIGSHTVNWYQQLPGTAPKLLIYS

GGSTYYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYL
NNQRPSGVPDRFSGSKSGTSASLAI

QMNSLRAEDTAVYYCARSDGKHFWQ
SGLQSEDEADYYCAAWDDSLNGY

QYDAWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
VFGTGTKVTVL (SEQ ID NO: 330)

329)

Eureka
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGF
DIQLTQSPSSLSAYVGDRVTITCRAS

mAb-5
TVSSNYMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSAISG
QGITNSLAWYQQKPGKAPKLLLHA

SGGSTYYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLY
ASRLESGVPSRFSGSGFGTDFTLTIS

LQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCARMNIDYWG
SLQPEDFAVYYCQHYLGTPYSFGQ

QGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 331)
GTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 332)

Eureka
EVQLVQSGAEVKRPGESLTISCKGSEYS
EIVLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTISCRAS

mAb-6
FASYWITWVRQMPGKGLEWMGRIDPS
QSVSRFLNWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYG

DSYTNYSPSFQGHVTISADKSISTAYLQ
VSTLERGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTIS

WSSLKASDTAIYYCARPFQYDYGGYSD
SLQPEDFATYYCQESYIIPLTFGGGT

AFDIWGQGTMVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 333)
KLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 334)

Eureka
QMQLVQSGAEVKKAGSSVKVSCETSG
EIVMTQSPLSLSVTPGEPASISCRSS

mAb-7
GTFSSSSVNWVRQAPGQGLEWMGGIIPI
QSLLDSNGFNSLDWYLQKPGQSPQ

VGTPNYAQKFQDRVTITAVESTFTAYM
LLIHLGSDRASGVPDRFSGSGSGTD

ELSGLRSEDTAVYYCARGGYRDYMDV
FTLKISRVEAEDVGIYYCMQSLQIPT

WGRGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 335)
FGQGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 336)

Eureka
EVQLVESGGGLIQPGGSLRLSCAASGFT
SYELTQPPSASGTPGQRVTISCSGSS

mAb-8
VSSNYMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSVIYSG
SNIGSNYVYWYQQLPGTAPKLLIYR

GSTYYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQ
NNQRPSGVPDRFSGSKSGTSASLAI

MNSLRAEDTAVYYCARGGFGAEFDYW
SGLRSEDEADYYCAAWDDSLSGYV

GQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 337)
FGTGTKVTVL (SEQ ID NO: 338)

Eureka
EVQLVESGGGLIQPGGSLRLSCAASGFT
SYVLTQPPSVSVSPGQTASITCSGD

mAb-9
VSSNYMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSVIYSG
KLGDKYASWYQQKPGQSPVLVIYQ

GSTYYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQ
DNKRPSGIPERFSGSNSGNTATLTIS

MNSLRAEDTAVYYCARGGISDDYYGS
GTQAMDEADYYCQAWDSSTEDVF

GSYDNWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
GPGTKVTVL (SEQ ID NO: 340)

339)

Eureka
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGF
DIQLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRAS

mAb-10
TVSSNYMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSVIYS
QSISSYLNWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYAA

GGSTYYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYL
SSLQSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISS

QMNSLRAEDTAVYYCARERGMGYAFD
LQPEDFATYYCQQSYSTPFTFGGGT

IWGQGTMVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 341)
KVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 342)

Eureka
QLQLQESGPGLVKPSETLSLTCSVSGVS
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRA

mAb-11
MSENYWSWIRQPPGKRLEWIGCAHYT
SQGIGSYLAWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYP

GDTHYNPSLKGRVTISLDTSMNQFSLRL
ASTLQSGVPSRFSGSGSGTEFTLTIS

NSVTAADTAVYYCASYHPFNYWGQGT
SLQPEDFATYYCQQLNSLFGQGTRL

LVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 343)
EIK (SEQ ID NO: 344)

Eureka
EVQLVQSGAEVRRPGATVKISCKVSGY
QAVLTQPPSASGTPGQRVTISCSGSS

mAb-12
TFNDFYLHWVRQAPGKGLEWMGRIDP
SNIGTKTVNWYQVLPGTAPKLLIYS

EDGKTRYAEKFQGRLTITADTSTDTLY
NYRRPSGVPDRFSGSKSGTSASLAIS

MQLGGLTSDDTAVYYCTTDWGYSSSL
GLQSDDEADYYCALWDDSLDGYV

REEDIWYDCWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID
FGTGTKVTVL (SEQ ID NO: 346)

NO: 345)

Eureka
EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGSSVKVSCKASGG
SYELTQPPSVSVAPGKTARITCGGN

mAb-13
TFSSYAISWVRQAPGQGLEWMGGIIPIF
NIGSKSVHWYQQKPGQAPVLVIYY

GTANYAQKFQGRVTITADESTSTAYME
DSDRPSGIPERFSGSNSGNTATLTIS

LSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDYGYGDYGDA
RVEAGDEADYYCQVWDSSSDHYV

FDIWGQGTMVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 347)
FGTGTKVTVL (SEQ ID NO: 348)

Eureka
EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGESLKISCKGSGY
SYVLTQPPSVSVAPGKTARITCGGN

mAb-14
SFTSYWIGWVRQMPGKGLEWMGIIYPG
NIGSKSVHWYQQRPGQAPVLVVYD

DSDTRYSPSFQGQVTISADKSISTAYLQ
DSDRPSGIPERFSGSNSGNTATLTIS

WSSLKASDTAMYYCARVVGTIYSMQY
RVEAGDEADYSCQVWDSSSDHYV

DVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 349)
FGPGTKVTVL (SEQ ID NO: 350)

Eureka
EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGESLKISCKGSGY
LPVLTQPPSVSVAPGKTARITCGGN

mAb-15
SFTSYWIGWVRQMPGKGLEWMGIIYPG
NIGSKSVHWYQQKPGQAPVLVVY

DSDTRYSPSFQGQVTISADKSISTAYLQ
DDSDRPSGIPERFSGSNSGNTATLTI

WSSLKASDTAMYYCARQVWGWQGG
SRVEAGDEADYYCQVWDSSSDYV

MYPRSNWWYNMDSWGQGTLVTVSS
VFGGGTKLTVL (SEQ ID NO: 352)

(SEQ ID NO: 351)

Eureka
EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGESLKISCKGSGY
QAVLTQPPSVSEAPRQRVTISCSGSS

mAb-16
SFTSYWIGWVRQMPGKGLEWMGIIYPG
SNVGNNAVNWYQQVPGKAPKLLI

DSDTRYSPSFQGQVTISADKSISTAYLQ
YYDDLLSSGVSDRFSGSKSGTSASL

WSSLKASDTAMYYCARWSSTWD SMY
AISGLQSEDEADYYCAAWDDSLNG

MDYWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 353)
PVFGGGTKLTVL (SEQ ID NO: 354)

Eureka
EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGESLRISCKGSGY
QPVLTQPPSVSVAPGKTARITCGGN

mAb-17
SFTSYWIGWVRQMPGKGLEWMGIIYPG
NIGSESVHWYQQKPGQAPMVVIYY

DSDTRYSPSFQGQVTISADKSISTAYLQ
DSNRPSGIPERFSGSNSGNTATLTVS

WSSLKASDTAMYYCARVTYSMDSYYF
RVEAEDEADYYCQVWNSSSDHRG

DSWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 355)
VFGGGTKLTV (SEQ ID NO: 356)

WuXi
EVQLQQSGPELVKPGASVKMSCKASG
DAVMTQTPLSLPVSLGDQASISCRS

WBP7011
YTFTNYVIHWVKQKPGQGLEWIGYFNP
SQSLENSNGNTYLNWYLQKPGQSP

-4.34.11
YNDGTEYNEKFKAKATLTSDKSSSTAY
QLLIYRVSNRFSGVLDRFSGSGSGT

MELSSLTSEDSAVYYCAKGPYYYGSSP
DFTLKISRVEAEDLGVYFCLQVTHV

FDYWGQGTTLTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 357)
PYTFGGGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 358)

HCDR1: GYTFTNYVIH (SEQ ID NO: 359)
LCDR1: RSSQSLENSNGNTYLN

(SEQ ID NO: 362)

HCDR2: YFNPYNDGTEYNEKFKA (SEQ
LCDR2: RVSNRFS (SEQ ID NO: 363)

ID NO: 360)

HCDR3: GPYYYGSSPFDY (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR3: RVSNRFS (SEQ ID NO: 364)

361)

WuXi
QVQLQQSGAELVRPGSSVKISCKASGY
DIQMTQTTSSLSASLGDRVTISCRAS

WBP7011
AFSTYWMNWVKQRPGQGLEWIGQIYP
QDISNYLNWYQQKPDGTVKLLIYY

-4.87.6
GDDDTKYNGKFKGKASLTADKSSSTA
TSRLHSGVPARFSGSGSGTDYSLTIS

YMQLISLTSEDSAVYFCARRYFRYDYW
NLEQEDIATYFCHQGNTLPLTFGAG

YSDVWGAGTTVTVTS (SEQ ID NO: 365)
TKLELK (SEQ ID NO: 366)

HCDR1: GYAFSTYWMN (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: RASQDISNYLN (SEQ ID

367)
NO: 370)

HCDR2: QIYPGDDDTKYNGKFKG (SEQ
LCDR2: YTSRLHS (SEQ ID NO: 371)

ID NO: 368)

HCDR3: RYFRYDYWYSDV (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR3: HQGNTLPLT (SEQ ID NO: 372)

369)

WuXi
EIQLQQSGPELVKPGASVKVSCKASGY
QIVLTQSPAIMSASLGEEITLTCSAS

WBP7011
AFTSYNMYWVKQSHGKSLEWIGYIDP
STVNYMHWYQQKSGTSPKLLIYST

4.155.8
YNGDTTYNQKFKGKATLTVDKSSSTA
SNLASGVPSRFSGSGSGTFYSLTIRS

YMHLNSLTSEDSAVYYCLTTAYAMDY
VEAEDAADYYCHQWSSYPYTFGG

WGQGTSVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 373)
GTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 374)

HCDR1: GYAFTSYNMY (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: SASSTVNYMH (SEQ ID NO:

375)
378)

HCDR2: YIDPYNGDTTYNQKFKG (SEQ
LCDR2: STSNLAS (SEQ ID NO: 379)

ID NO: 376)

HCDR3: TAYAMDY (SEQ ID NO: 377)
LCDR3: HQWSSYPYT (SEQ ID NO: 380)

WuXi
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGSSVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQTPLSLPVTPGEPASISCRSS

WBP7011-
YTFTDYVIHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGYFN
QSLENSNHNTYINWYLQKPGQSPQ

4.34.11-
PYNDGTEYNEKFKARVTITADKSTSTA
LLIYRVSKRFSGVPDRFSGSGSGTD

z1-m5
YMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARGPYYYGSS
FTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCHQVTHV

PFDYWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 381)
PYTFGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 382)

HCDR1: GYTFTNYVIH (SEQ ID NO: 383)
LCDR1: RSSQSLENSNHNTYIN

(SEQ ID NO: 386)

HCDR2: YFNPYNDGTEYNEKFKA (SEQ
LCDR2: RVSKRFS (SEQ ID NO: 19)

ID NO: 384)

HCDR3: GPYYYGSSPFDY (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR3: HQVTHVPYT (SEQ ID NO:

385)
387)

WuXi
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRA

WBP7011
YAFSTYWMNWVRQAPGQGLEWMGQI
SQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKVPKLLIY

-4.87.6-
YPGDDDTKYSGKFKGRVTITADKSTST
YTSRLHSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTI

z1(N-S)
AYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARRYFRYD
SSLQPEDVATYYCHQGNTLPLTFG

YWYSDVWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
QGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 389)

388)

HCDR1: GYAFSTYWMN (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: RASQDISNYLN (SEQ ID NO: 393)

390)

HCDR2: QIYPGDDDTKYSGKFKG (SEQ
LCDR2: YTSRLHS (SEQ ID NO: 394)

ID NO: 391)

HCDR3: RYFRYDYWYSDV (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR3: HQGNTLPLT (SEQ ID NO:

392)
395)

WuXi
QMQLVQSGPEVKKPGTSVKVSCKASG
DIQLTQSPSFLSASVGDRVTITCSAS

WBP7011
YAFTSYNMYWVRQARGQRLEWIGYID
STVNYMHWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYST

4.155.8-
PYNADTTYNQKFKGRVTITRDMSTSTA
SNLASGVPSRFSGSGSGTEFTLTISS

z1-P15
YMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCLTTAYAMD Y
LQPEDFATYYCHQWSSYPYTFGQG

WGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 396)
TKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 397)

HCDR1: GYAFTSYNMY (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: SASSTVNYMH (SEQ ID NO:

398)
401)

HCDR2: YIDPYNADTTYNQKFKG (SEQ
LCDR2: STSNLAS (SEQ ID NO: 402)

ID NO: 399)

HCDR3: TAYAMDY (SEQ ID NO: 400)
LCDR3: HQWSSYPYT (SEQ ID NO: 403)

Legend
QVKLEESGGELVQPGGPLRLSCAASGNI
N/A

mAb
FSINRMGWYRQAPGKQRAFVASITVRG

ITNYADSVKGRFTISVDKSKNTIYLQMN

ALKPEDTAVYYCNAVSSNRDPDYWGQ

GTQVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 404)

HCDR1: INRMG (SEQ ID NO: 405)

HCDR2: SITVRGITNYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 406)

HCDR3: VSSNRDPDY (SEQ ID NO: 407)

Where the VL and LCDR sequences are noted as “N/A,” the antigen-binding site is an sdAb having a VH (e.g., VHH) only.

In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site comprises a VH that comprises an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to the VH of an antibody disclosed in Table 3, and a VL that comprises an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to the VL of the same antibody disclosed in Table 3. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3, determined under Kabat (see Kabat et al., (1991) Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, NIH Publication No. 91-3242, Bethesda), Chothia (see, e.g., Chothia C & Lesk A M, (1987), J Mol Biol 196: 901-917), MacCallum (see MacCallum R M et al., (1996) J Mol Biol 262: 732-745), IMGT (see Lefranc, (1999) The Immunologist, 7, 132-136), or any other CDR determination method known in the art, of the VH and/or VL sequences of an antibody disclosed in Table 3. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences of an antibody disclosed in Table 3. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the VH and VL sequences of an antibody disclosed in Table 3.

Such antigen-binding site may take the form of scFv. In certain embodiments, the VH is positioned C-terminal to the VL. In certain embodiments, the VH is positioned N-terminal to the VL. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL are linked by a peptide linker, for example, a linker disclosed in subsection E below titled “Linkers.” To stabilize the scFv, the amino acid residues at position 44 of the VH and at position 100 of the VL (under Kabat numbering) can be substituted by Cys, thereby facilitating the formation of a disulfide bond between the VH and the VL. Accordingly, in certain embodiments, the VH and VL comprise Cys at positions 100 and 44, respectively.

In other embodiments, the first antigen-binding site comprises an sdAb comprising a VH comprising complementarity determining regions HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%) identical to the VH of an sdAb antibody provided in Table 3. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3, determined under Kabat (see Kabat et al., (1991) Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, NIH Publication No. 91-3242, Bethesda), Chothia (see, e.g., Chothia C & Lesk A M, (1987), J Mol Biol 196: 901-917), MacCallum (see MacCallum R M et al., (1996) J Mol Biol 262: 732-745), IMGT (see Lefranc, (1999) The Immunologist, 7, 132-136), or any other CDR determination method known in the art, of the VH sequence of an antibody disclosed in Table 3. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences of the antibody provided in Table 3. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of the VH of an sdAb provided in Table 3.

In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site binds CD19 with a K_Dlower than or equal to 20 nM, 15 nM, 10 nM, 9 nM, 8 nM, 7 nM, 6 nM, 5 nM, 4 nM, 3 nM, 2 nM, 1 nM, 0.9 nM, 0.8 nM, 0.7 nM, 0.6 nM, 0.5 nM, 0.4 nM, 0.3 nM, 0.2 nM, 0.1 nM, 90 pM, 80 pM, 70 pM, 60 pM, 50 pM, 40 pM, 30 pM, 20 pM, or 10 pM. For example, in certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site binds CD19 with a K_Dabout 5 pM-about 1 nM, about 5 pM-about 0.9 nM, about 5 pM-about 0.8 nM, about 5 pM-about 0.7 nM, about 5 pM-about 0.6 nM, about 5 pM nM-about 0.5 nM, about 5 pM-about 0.4 nM, about 5 pM-about 0.3 nM, about 5 pM-about 0.2 nM, about 5 pM-about 0.1 nM, about 5 pM-about 50 pM, about 5 pM-about 20 pM, about 5 pM-to about 10 pM, about 10 pM-about 1 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.9 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.8 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.7 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.6 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.5 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.4 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.3 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.2 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.1 nM, about 10 pM-about 50 pM, about 10 pM-about 20 pM, about 50 pM-about 1 nM, about 50 pM-about 0.9 nM, about 50 pM-about 0.8 nM, about 50 pM-about 0.7 nM, about 50 pM-about 0.6 nM, about 50 pM nM-about 0.5 nM, about 50 pM-about 0.4 nM, about 50 pM-about 0.3 nM, about 50 pM-about 0.2 nM, about 50 pM-about 0.1 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 10 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 9 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 8 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 7 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 6 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 5 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 4 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 3 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 2 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 1 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 0.5 nM, about 0.5 nM-about 10 nM, about 1 nM-about 10 nM, about 2 nM-about 10 nM, about 3 nM-about 10 nM, about 4 nM-about 10 nM, about 5 nM-about 10 nM, about 6 nM-about 10 nM, about 7 nM-about 10 nM, about 8 nM-about 10 nM, or about 9 nM-about 10 nM. In certain embodiments, the K_Dvalue is measured by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). In certain embodiments, the K_Dvalue is measured by bio-layer interferometry (BLI).

It is understood that the binding affinity to CD19 of the first antigen-binding site alone may be different from the binding affinity of the same antigen-binding site in the context of the multi-specific binding protein disclosed herein, possibly due to the conformational restraint from the other domains. The context-dependent binding affinity is described in subsection G below titled “Binding Affinity.”

In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site, when present in the form of an Fab, has a melting temperature of at least 60° C., at least 65° C., at least 70° C., at least 75° C., or at least 80° C. In certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site, when present in the form of an Fab, has a melting temperature in the range of 60-85° C., 60-80° C., 60-75° C., 60-70° C., 60-65° C., 65-85° C., 65-80° C., 65-75° C., 65-70° C., 70-85° C., 70-80° C., 70-75° C., 75-85° C., 75-80° C., or 80-85° C.

B. Antigen-Binding Site that Binds CD3

The second antigen-binding site of the multi-specific binding protein binds CD3 (e.g., human CD3 and/or Macaca CD3). In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site binds CD3ε (epsilon). In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site binds CD36 (delta). In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site binds CD3γ (gamma).

Earlier BiTE® constructs bind conformational epitopes of CD3 and typically are species-specific (see, PCT Publication No. WO2008119567A2). Improved BiTE® constructs, such as blinatumomab (also called AMG 103; see, PCT Publication No. WO1999054440A1) and solitomab (also called AMG 110; see, PCT Publication No. WO2005040220A1), bind context-independent epitopes at the N-terminus of CD3ε chain (e.g., amino acid residues 1-27 of human CD3ε extracellular domain) and show cross-species specificity for human, Callithrix jacchus, Saguinus Oedipus, and Saimiri sciureus CD3ε chain (see id.). These constructs do not nonspecifically activate T cells to the same degree as observed with the earlier BiTE® constructs, and are therefore believed to bear a lower risk of side effects (see, Brischwein et al. (2007) J. Immunother., 30(8): 798-807).

In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site of the multi-specific binding protein binds an epitope at the N-terminus of CD3ε chain. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site binds an epitope localized in amino acid residues 1-27 of human CD3ε extracellular domain. This epitope or a homologous variant thereof is also present in certain non-human primates. Accordingly, in certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site binds CD3 in different primates, for example, human, new world primates (such as Callithrix jacchus, Saguinus Oedipus, or Saimiri sciureus), old world primates (such as baboons and macaques), gibbons, and non-human homininae. Callithrix jacchus and Saguinus oedipus are new world primates belonging to the family of Callitrichidae, while Saimiri sciureus is a new world primate belonging to the family of Cebidae. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site binds human CD3ε and/or Macaca CD3ε. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site further binds Callithrix jacchus, Saguinus Oedipus, and/or Saimiri sciureus CD3ε.

The second antigen-binding site that binds an extracellular epitope of human and/or Macaca CD3 can be derived from, for example, muromonab-CD3 (OKT3) as described in WO2008101154; otelixizumab (TRX4) as described in WO2007145941; teplizumab (MGA031) as described in WO2013040164; visilizumab (Nuvion) as described in WO2004052397; SP34 as described in WO2015181098; X35, VIT3, or BMA03 (BW264/56) as described in WO2015006749; CLB-T3/3, CRIS7, CLB-T3.4.2, WT32, 11D8, XIII-141, XIII-46, XIII-87, 12F6, T3/RW2-8C8, T3/RW2-4B6, OKT3D, M-T301, SMC2, or F101.01 as described in WO2004106381, YTH12.5 or SPv-T3b as described in WO2004106383, Fl 11-409 as described in WO2012084895, TR-66 as described in WO2013158856; UCHT-1 as described in WO2000041474; WT-31 as depicted in WO2016085889, or an antibody described in WO2008119567. For example, in certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site that binds CD3 is derived from an antibody listed in Table 4.

TABLE 4

Sequences of Exemplary Antibodies That Bind CD3

Antibody
VH and HCDRs
VL and LCDRs

CNG-CD3-
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKS

1
FNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWI
SQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQP

DLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSAST
PKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSG

AYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRY
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYS

FYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
RRTFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 413)

412)

HCDR1*: FNIKDYYMH (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: KSSQSLLNARTGKNYLA

414)
(SEQ ID NO: 419)

HCDR1: DYYMH (SEQ ID NO: 415)
LCDR2: WASTRES (SEQ ID NO: 420)

HCDR2: WIDLENANTIYDAKFQG (SEQ
LCDR3: KQSYSRRT (SEQ ID NO: 421)

ID NO: 416)

HCDR3*: ARDAYGRYFYDV (SEQ ID

NO: 417)

HCDR3: DAYGRYFYDV (SEQ ID NO:

418)

scFv:

DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLI

YWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGGT

KVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGF

NIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAY

MELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 422)

scFv with Cys substitutions:

DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLI

YWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGCGT

KVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGF

NIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQCLEWMGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTA

YMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 423)

CNG-CD3-
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKS

2
FNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWI
SQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQP

DLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSAST
PKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSG

AYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDQYGRY
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYS

FYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
RRTFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 413)

424)

HCDR1*: FNIKDYYMH (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: KSSQSLLNARTGKNYLA

414)
(SEQ ID NO: 419)

HCDR1: DYYMH (SEQ ID NO: 415)
LCDR2: WASTRES (SEQ ID NO: 420)

HCDR2: WIDLENANTIYDAKFQG (SEQ
LCDR3: KQSYSRRT (SEQ ID NO:

ID NO: 416)
421)

HCDR3*: ARDQYGRYFYDV (SEQ ID

NO: 425)

HCDR3: DQYGRYFYDV (SEQ ID NO:

426)

scFv:

DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLI

YWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGGT

KVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGF

NIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTA

YMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDQYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 427)

scFv with Cys substitutions:

DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLI

YWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGCGT

KVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGF

NIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQCLEWMGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTA

YMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDQYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 428)

CNG-CD3-
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKS

3
FNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWI
SQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQP

DLEEGNTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSAST
PKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSG

AYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRY
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYS

FYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
LRTFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 430)

429)

HCDR1*: FNIKDYYMH (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: KSSQSLLNARTGKNYLA

414)
(SEQ ID NO: 419)

HCDR1: DYYMH (SEQ ID NO: 415)
LCDR2: WASTRES (SEQ ID NO: 420)

HCDR2: WIDLEEGNTIYDAKFQG (SEQ
LCDR3: KQSYSLRT (SEQ ID NO:

ID NO: 431)
432)

HCDR3*: ARDAYGRYFYDV (SEQ ID

NO: 417)

HCDR3: DAYGRYFYDV (SEQ ID NO:

418)

scFv:

DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLI

YWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSLRTFGGGT

KVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGF

NIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLEEGNTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTA

YMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 433)

scFv with Cys substitutions:

DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLI

YWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSLRTFGCGT

KVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGF

NIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQCLEWMGWIDLEEGNTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTA

YMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 434)

Adimab
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKS

mAb333
FNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWI
SQSLLESRTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQP

DLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSAST
PKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSG

AYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDVYGRY
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYS

FYDLWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
RRTFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 436)

435)

HCDR1: FNIKDYYMH (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: KSSQSLLNARTGKNYLA

437)
(SEQ ID NO: 440)

HCDR2: WIDLENANTIYDAKFQG (SEQ
LCDR2: WASTRES (SEQ ID NO: 441)

ID NO: 438)

HCDR3: ARDVYGRYFYDL (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR3: KQSYSRRT (SEQ ID NO:

439)
442)

Adimab
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKS

mAb334
FNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWI
SQSLLNSRTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQP

DLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSAST
PKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSG

AYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGGY
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYS

FYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
RRTFGCGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 444)

443)

HCDR1: FNIKDYYMH (SEQ ID NO: 445)
LCDR1: KSSQSLLNARTGKNYLA

(SEQ ID NO: 448)

HCDR2: WIDLENANTIYDAKFQG (SEQ
LCDR2: WASTRES (SEQ ID NO: 449)

ID NO: 446)

HCDR3: ARDAYGGYFYDV (SEQ ID
LCDR3: KQSYSRRT (SEQ ID NO:

NO: 447)
450)

Adimab
EVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGF
QTVVTQEPSLSVSPGGTVTLTCGSS

mAb404
TFDTYAMNWVRQAPGKGLEWVARIR
TGAVTTSNYANWVQQTPGQAPRG

SKYNNYATYYADSVKDRFTISRDDSKS
LIGGTDKRAPGVPDRFSGSLLGDKA

TLYLQMESLRAEDTAVYYCVRHGNFG
ALTITGAQAEDEADYYCALWYSNH

NYAVSWFAHWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID
WVFGGGTKLTVL (SEQ ID NO: 452)

NO: 451)

HCDR1: FTFDTYAMN (SEQ ID NO: 453)
LCDR1: GSSTGAVTTSNYAN (SEQ

ID NO: 456)

HCDR2: RIRSKYNNYATYYADSVKD
LCDR2: GTDKRAP (SEQ ID NO: 457)

(SEQ ID NO: 454)

HCDR3: VRHGNFGNYAVSWFAH (SEQ
LCDR3: ALWYSNHWV (SEQ ID NO:

ID NO: 455)
458)

Adimab
EVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGF
QTVVTQEPSLSVSPGGTVTLTCGSS

mAb405
TFDTYAMNWVRQAPGKGLEWVARIR
TGAVTTSNYANWVQQTPGQAPRG

SKYNNYATYYADSVKDRFTISRDDSKS
LIGGTDKRAPGVPDRFSGSLLGDKA

TLYLQMESLRAEDTAVYYCVRHGSFG
ALTITGAQAEDEADYYCALWYSNH

NHIVSWFAHWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID
WVFGGGTKLTVL (SEQ ID NO: 460)

NO: 459)

HCDR1: FTFDTYAMN (SEQ ID NO: 461)
LCDR1: GSSTGAVTTSNYAN (SEQ

ID NO: 464)

HCDR2: RIRSKYNNYATYYADSVKD
LCDR2: GTDKRAP (SEQ ID NO: 465)

(SEQ ID NO: 462)

HCDR3: VRHGSFGNHIVSWFAH (SEQ
LCDR3: ALWYSNHWV (SEQ ID NO:

ID NO: 463)
466)

Adimab
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKS

mAb-1
FNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWI
SQSLLNSRTRKNYLAWYQQKPGQP

DLENGNTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSAST
PKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSG

AYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDGYGRY
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYS

FYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:

467)
RRTFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 468)

Adimab
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKS

mAb-2
FNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWI
SQSLLNNRTRKNYLAWYQQKPGQP

DLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSAST
PKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSG

AYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDVYGRY
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYS

LYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
RRTFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 470)

469)

Adimab
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCRS

mAb-3
FNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWI
SQSLLNSRTRKNYLAWYQQKPGQP

DLENGNTIYDPKFQGRVTITRDTSAST
PKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSG

AYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRY
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYS

FYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
RRTFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 472)

471)

Adimab
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKS

mAb-4
FNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWI
SQSLLNGRTRKNYLAWYQQKPGQP

DLEEGNTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSAST
PKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGTG

AYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRY
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYS

FYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
RRTFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 473)

429)

Adimab
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVPLGERATINCKS

mAb-5
FNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWI
SQSLLNSRTRKNYLAWYQQKPGQP

DLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSAST
PKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSG

AYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDNYGGY
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYS

FYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
RRTFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 475)

474)

Adimab
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKS

mAb-6
FNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWI
SQSLLNSRTRKNYLAWYQQKPGQP

DLENGNTIYDPKFQGRVTITRDTSAST
PKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSG

AYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDGYGRY
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYS

FYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
LRTFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 477)

476)

Adimab
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKS

mAb-7
FNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWI
SQSLLNSRTRKNYLAWYQQKPGQP

DLENGNTIYDPKFQGRVTITRDTSAST
PKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSG

AYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDGYGRY
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYN

FFDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
LRTFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 479)

478)

Adimab
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKS

mAb-8
FNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWI
SQSLLNSRTRKNYLAWYQQKPGQP

DLENGNTIYDPKFQGRVTITRDTSAST
PKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSG

AYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCAREGYGRY
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYF

FYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
RRAFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 481)

480)

Adimab
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKS

mAb-9
FNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWI
SQSLLNSRTRKNYLAWYQQKPGQP

DLENGNTIYDPKFQGRVTITRDTSAST
PKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSG

AYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDGYGRY
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYN

YYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
LRTFGGGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO: 483)

482)

Adimab
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKS

mAb-10
FNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWI
SQSLLNSRTRKNYLAWYQQKPGQS

DLENGNTIYQPKFQGRVTITRDTSAST
PKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFTGSGSG

AYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDGYGRY
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYS

FYDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
LRTFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 485)

484)

Adimab
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKS

mAb-11
FNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWI
SQSLLESRTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQP

DLENGNTIYDPKFQGRVTITRDTSAST
PKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSG

AYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDGYGRY
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYS

FYDYWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
LRTFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 487)

486)

CD3
DIKLQQSGAELARPGASVKMSCKTSG
VDDIQLTQSPAIMSASPGEKVTMTC

domain in
YTFTRYTMHWVKQRPGQGLEWIGYIN
RASSSVSYMNWYQQKSGTSPKRWI

blinatumomab
PSRGYTNYNQKFKDKATLTTDKSSSTA
YDTSKVASGVPYRFSGSGSGTSYSL

binding
YMQLSSLTSEDSAVYYCARYYDDHYC
TISSMEAEDAATYYCQQWSSNPLTF

LDYWGQGTTLTVSSVE (SEQ ID NO:
GAGTKLELK (SEQ ID NO: 489)

488)

scFv:

DIKLQQSGAELARPGASVKMSCKTSGYTFTRYTMHWVKQRPGQGLEWIGYIN

PSRGYTNYNQKFKDKATLTTDKSSSTAYMQLSSLTSEDSAVYYCARYYDDHY

CLDYWGQGTTLTVSSVEGGSGGSGGSGGSGGVDDIQLTQSPAIMSASPGEKVT

MTCRASSSVSYMNWYQQKSGTSPKRWIYDTSKVASGVPYRFSGSGSGTSYSLT

ISSMEAEDAATYYCQQWSSNPLTFGAGTKLELK (SEQ ID NO: 490)

Novimmune
QVQLVESGGGVVQPGRSLRLSCAASG
EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCRAS

28F11
FKFSGYGMHWVRQAPGKGLEWVAVI
QSVSSYLAWYQQKPGQAPRLLIYD

WYDGSKKYYVD S VKGRFTISRDNSKN
ASNRATGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTIS

TLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCARQMGY
SLEPEDFAVYYCQQRSNWPPLTFG

WHFDLWGRGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:
GGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 492)

491)

HCDR1: GYGMH (SEQ ID NO: 493)
LCDR1: RASQSVSSYLA (SEQ ID

NO: 496)

HCDR2: VIWYDGSKKYYVDSVKG
LCDR2: DASNRAT (SEQ ID NO: 497)

(SEQ ID NO: 494)

HCDR3: QMGYWHFDL (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR3: QQRSNWPPLT (SEQ ID NO:

495)
498)

Novimmune
EVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGF
DFMLTQPHSVSESPGKTVIISCWYQ

27H5
TFSSFPMAWVRQAPGKGLEWVSTISTS
QRPGRAPTTVIFGVPDRFSGSIDRSS

GGRTYYRDSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYL
NSASLTISGLQTEDEADYYCFGGGT

QMNSLRAEDTAVYYCAKFRQYSGGFD
KLTVLGQPKAAPSVTLFPPSSEELQ

YWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 499)
(SEQ ID NO: 500)

Glaxo mAb
EVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGF
DIQLTQPNSVSTSLGSTVKLSCTLSS

TFSSFPMAWVRQAPGKGLEWVSTISTS
GNIENNYVHWYQLYEGRSPTTMIY

GGRTYYRDSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYL
DDDKRPDGVPDRFSGSIDRSSNSAF

QMNSLRAEDTAVYYCAKFRQYSGGFD
LTIHNVAIEDEAIYFCHSYVSSFNVF

YWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 501)
GGGTKLTVLR (SEQ ID NO: 502)

Eureka
DVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASG
DIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCRAS

mAb
YTFTRYTMHWVRQAPGQGLEWIGYIN
QSVSYMNWYQQKPGKAPKRWIYD

PSRGYTNYADSVKGRFTITTDKSTSTA
TSKVASGVPARFSGSGSGTDYSLTI

YMELSSLRSEDTATYYCARYYDDHYC
NSLEAEDAATYYCQQWSSNPLTFG

LDYWGQGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 503)
GGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 504)

scFv:

DVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTRYTMHWVRQAPGQGLEWIGYI

NPSRGYTNYADSVKGRFTITTDKSTSTAYMELSSLRSEDTATYYCARYYDDHY

CLDYWGQGTTVTVSSGEGTSTGSGGSGGSGGADDIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERAT

LSCRASQSVSYMNWYQQKPGKAPKRWIYDTSKVASGVPARFSGSGSGTDYSL

TINSLEAEDAATYYCQQWSSNPLTFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 505)

Muromonab
QVQLVQSGGGVVQPGRSLRLSCKASG
DDIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCS

YTFTRYTMHWVRQAPGKGLEWIGYIN
ASSSVSYMNWYQQTPGKAPKRWIY

PSRGYTNYNQKVKDRFTISRDNSKNTA
DTSKLASGVPSRFSGSGSGTDYTFTI

FLQMDSLRPEDTGVYFCARYYDDHYC
SSLQPEDIATYYCQQWSSNPFTFGQ

LDYWGQGTPVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 506)
GTKLQIT (SEQ ID NO: 507)

MacroGenics
QVQLVQSGGGVVQPGRSLRLSCKASG
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCSAS

mAb
YTFTRYTMHWVRQAPGKGLEWIGYIN
SSVSYMNWYQQTPGKAPKRWIYD

humanized
PSRGYTNYNQKFKDRFTISTDKSKSTA
TSKLASGVPSRFSGSGSGTDYTFTIS

OKT3
FLQMDSLRPEDTAVYYCARYYDDHYC
SLQPEDIATYYCQQWSSNPFTFGQG

LDYWGQGTPVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 508)
TKLQITR (SEQ ID NO: 509)

Roche
EVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGF
QAVVTQEPSLTVSPGGTVTLTCGSS

CH2527
TFSTYAMNWVRQAPGKGLEWVSRIRS
TGAVTTSNYANWVQEKPGQAFRG

KYNNYATYYADSVKGRFTISRDDSKN
LIGGTNKRAPGTPARFSGSLLGGKA

TLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCVRHGNFG
ALTLSGAQPEDEAEYYCALWYSNL

NSYVSWFAYWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID
WVFGGGTKLTVL (SEQ ID NO: 601)

NO: 600)

Regeneron
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGRSLRLSCAASGF
AEIVMTQSPATLSVSPGERATLSCR

mAb (anti-
TFDDYTMHWVRQAPGKGLEWVSGIS
ASQSVSSNLAWYQQKPGQAPRLLI

CD3/anti-
WNSGSIGYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKKSL
YGASTRATGIPARFSGSGSGTEFTLT

CD20)
YLQMNSLRAEDTALYYCAKDNSGYG
ISSLQSEDFAVYYCQHYINWPLTFG

HYYYGMDVWGQGTTVTVAS (SEQ ID
GGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 603)

NO: 602)

WuXi
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGSSVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKS

WBP3311_
YSFTTYYIHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGWIF
SQSLLNSRTRKNYLAWYQQKPGQP

2.166.48-z1
PGNDNIKYSEKFKGRVTITADKSTSTA
PKLLIYWASTRKSGVPDRFSGSGSG

YMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCAIDSVSIYYF
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCTQSFIL

DYWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 604)
RTFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 605)

HCDR1: GYSFTTYYIH (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: KSSQSLLNSRTRKNYLA

606)
(SEQ ID NO: 609)

HCDR2: WIFPGNDNIKYSEKFKG (SEQ
LCDR2: WASTRKS (SEQ ID NO: 610)

ID NO: 607)

HCDR3: DSVSIYYFDY (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR3: TQSFILRT (SEQ ID NO: 611)

608)

WuXi
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGSSVKVSCKASG
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKS

WBP3311_
FAFTDYYIHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGWIS
SQSLLNSRTRKNYLAWYQQKPGQP

2.306.4-z1
PGNVNTKYNENFKGRVTITADKSTSTA
PKLLIYWASTRQSGVPDRFSGSGSG

YMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDGYSLYY
TDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCTQSHT

FDYWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 612)
LRTFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO: 613)

HCDR1: GFAFTDYYIH (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR1: KSSQSLLNSRTRKNYLA

614)
(SEQ ID NO: 617)

HCDR2: WISPGNVNTKYNENFKG (SEQ
LCDR2: WASTRQS (SEQ ID NO: 618)

ID NO: 615)

HCDR3: DGYSLYYFDY (SEQ ID NO:
LCDR3: TQSHTLRT (SEQ ID NO: 619)

616)

ADLQ
MAESGGGSVQTGGSLRLSCAYTASSV
N/A

mAb-1
CMAWFRQAPGKEREGVAVTREGLTKT

GYADSVKGRFAISQDYAKKTLYLQMS

SLKPEDTARYYCAARPTSPCTVDGELL

ASTYNYWGQGTQVTV (SEQ ID NO:

620)

ADLQ
MAESGGGSVQTGGSLRLSCAYTASSV
N/A

mAb-2
CMAWFRQAPGKEREGVAVTREGLTKT

GYADSVKGRFAISQDYAKKTLYLQMS

SLKPEDTARYYCAARPTSPCTVDGELL

ASTYDYWGQGTQVTV (SEQ ID NO:

621)

ADLQ
MAESGGGSVQTGGSLRLSCAYTASSV
N/A

mAb-3
CMAWFRQAPGKEREGVAVTREGLTQT

GYADSVKGRFAISQDYAKKTLYLQMS

SLKPEDTARYYCAARPTSPCTVDGELL

ASTYNYWGQGTQVTV (SEQ ID NO:

622)

ADLQ
MAESGGGSVQTGGSLRLSCAYTASSV
N/A

mAb-4
CMAWFRQAPGKEREGVAVTREGLTQT

GYADSVKGRFAISQDYAKKTLYLQMS

SLKPEDTARYYCAARPTSPCTVDGELL

ASTYDYWGQGTQVTV (SEQ ID NO:

623)

Where the VL and LCDR sequences are noted as “N/A,” the antigen-binding site is an sdAb having a VH

(e.g., VHH) only.

In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises a VH that comprises an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to the VH of an antibody disclosed in Table 4, and a VL that comprises an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to the VL of the same antibody disclosed in Table 4. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3, determined under Kabat (see Kabat et al., (1991) Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, NIH Publication No. 91-3242, Bethesda), Chothia (see, e.g., Chothia C & Lesk A M, (1987), J Mol Biol 196: 901-917), MacCallum (see MacCallum R M et al., (1996) J Mol Biol 262: 732-745), IMGT (see Lefranc, (1999) The Immunologist, 7, 132-136), or any other CDR determination method known in the art, of the VH and/or VL sequences of an antibody disclosed in Table 4. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences of an antibody disclosed in Table 4. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the VH and VL sequences of an antibody disclosed in Table 4.

In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site that binds CD3 is derived from CNG-CD3-1. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 414, 416, and 417, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 419, 420, and 421, respectively. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 415, 416, and 418, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 419, 420, and 421, respectively. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 412, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 413. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL of the second antigen-binding site comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 412 and 413, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site that binds CD3 is derived from CNG-CD3-2. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 414, 416, and 425, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 419, 420, and 421, respectively. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 415, 416, and 426, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 419, 420, and 421, respectively. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 424, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 413. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL of the second antigen-binding site comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 424 and 413, respectively.

In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site that binds CD3 is derived from CNG-CD3-3. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 414, 431, and 417, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 419, 420, and 432, respectively. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 415, 431, and 418, respectively, and a VL comprising LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 419, 420, and 432, respectively. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 429, and a VL that comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 430. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL of the second antigen-binding site comprise the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 429 and 430, respectively.

Such antigen-binding site may take the form of scFv. In certain embodiments, the VH is positioned C-terminal to the VL. In certain embodiments, the VH is positioned N-terminal to the VL. In certain embodiments, the VH and the VL are linked by a peptide linker, for example, a linker disclosed in subsection E below titled “Linkers.” In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 422, 427, or 433. To stabilize the scFv, the amino acid residues at position 44 of the VH and at position 100 of the VL (under Kabat numbering) can be substituted by Cys, thereby facilitating the formation of a disulfide bond between the VH and the VL. Accordingly, in certain embodiments, the VH and VL comprise Cys at positions 100 and 44, respectively. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 423, 428, or 434.

In other embodiments, the second antigen-binding site comprises an sdAb comprising a VH comprising complementarity determining regions HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%) identical to the VH of an sdAb antibody provided in Table 4. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences of the antibody provided in Table 4. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of the VH of an sdAb provided in Table 4.

In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site competes for binding CD3 (e.g., human CD3 and/or Macaca CD3) with an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprising the VH, VL and/or scFv sequences provided in Table 4.

In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site of the multi-specific binding protein binds CD3 (e.g., human CD3 and/or Macaca CD3) with a dissociation constant (K_D) of about 0.1 nM-about 1 pM. The K_Dcan be measured by a method known in the art. In certain embodiments, the K_Dis measured by SPR to CD3 or an extracellular fragment thereof immobilized on a chip. In certain embodiments, the K_Dis measured by flow cytometry to CD3 expressed on the surface of cells, for example, following the method described in Example 7 below.

In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site binds CD3 with a K_D, as measured by SPR, lower than or equal to 20 nM, 15 nM, 10 nM, 9 nM, 8 nM, 7 nM, 6 nM, 5 nM, 4 nM, 3 nM, 2 nM, 1 nM, 0.9 nM, 0.8 nM, 0.7 nM, 0.6 nM, 0.5 nM, 0.4 nM, 0.3 nM, 0.2 nM, 0.1 nM, 90 pM, 80 pM, 70 pM, 60 pM, 50 pM, 40 pM, 30 pM, 20 pM, or 10 pM. For example, in certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site binds CD3 with a K_D, as measured by SPR, within the range of about 10 pM-about 1 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.9 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.8 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.7 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.6 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.5 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.4 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.3 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.2 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.1 nM, about 10 pM-about 50 pM, 0.1 nM-about 10 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 9 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 8 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 7 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 6 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 5 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 4 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 3 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 2 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 1 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 0.5 nM, about 0.5 nM-about 10 nM, about 0.5 nM-about 9 nM, about 0.5 nM-about 8 nM, about 0.5 nM-about 7 nM, about 0.5 nM-about 6 nM, about 0.5 nM-about 5 nM, about 0.5 nM-about 4 nM, about 0.5 nM-about 3 nM, about 0.5 nM-about 2 nM, about 0.5 nM-about 1 nM, about 1 nM-about 10 nM, about 1 nM-about 9 nM, about 1 nM-about 8 nM, about 1 nM-about 7 nM, about 1 nM-about 6 nM, about 1 nM-about 5 nM, about 1 nM-about 4 nM, about 1 nM-about 3 nM, about 1 nM-about 2 nM, about 2 nM-about 10 nM, about 3 nM-about 10 nM, about 4 nM-about 10 nM, about 5 nM-about 10 nM, about 6 nM-about 10 nM, about 7 nM-about 10 nM, about 8 nM-about 10 nM, or about 9 nM-about 10 nM.

In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site binds CD3 with a K_D, as measured by BLI, lower than or equal to 50 nM, 40 nM, 30 nM, 20 nM, 10 nM, 9 nM, 8 nM, 7 nM, 6 nM, 5 nM, 4 nM, 3 nM, 2 nM, 1 nM, 0.9 nM, 0.8 nM, 0.7 nM, 0.6 nM, 0.5 nM, 0.4 nM, 0.3 nM, 0.2 nM, or 0.1 nM. For example, in certain embodiments, the first antigen-binding site binds CD3 with a K_D, as measured by BLI, within the range of about 0.1 nM-about 20 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 19 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 18 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 17 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 16 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 15 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 14 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 13 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 12 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 11 nM, 0.1 nM-about 10 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 9 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 8 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 7 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 6 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 5 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 4 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 3 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 2 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 1 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 0.5 nM, about 1 nM-about 50 nM, about 1 nM-about 40 nM, about 1 nM-about 30 nM, about 1 nM-about 20 nM, about 1 nM-about 19 nM, about 1 nM-about 18 nM, about 1 nM-about 17 nM, about 1 nM-about 16 nM, about 1 nM-about 15 nM, about 1 nM-about 14 nM, about 1 nM-about 13 nM, about 1 nM-about 12 nM, about 1 nM-about 11 nM, about 1 nM-about 10 nM, or about 1 nM-about 5 nM.

In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site binds CD3 (e.g., human CD3, e.g., human CD3ε) with a K_D, as measured by SPR, greater than or equal to 1 nM, 2 nM, 3 nM, 4 nM, 5 nM, 6 nM, 7 nM, 8 nM, 9 nM, 10 nM, 20 nM, 30 nM, 40 nM, 50 nM, 60 nM, 70 nM, 80 nM, 90 nM, or 100 nM. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site binds CD3 with a K_D, as measured by SPR, within the range of about 1 nM-about 100 nM, about 1 nM-about 90 nM, about 1 nM-about 80 nM, about 1 nM-about 70 nM, about 1 nM-about 60 nM, about 1 nM-about 50 nM, about 1 nM-about 40 nM, about 1 nM-about 30 nM, about 1 nM-about 20 nM, about 1 nM-about 10 nM, about 10 nM-about 100 nM, about 10 nM-about 90 nM, about 10 nM-about 80 nM, about 10 nM-about 70 nM, about 10 nM-about 60 nM, about 10 nM-about 50 nM, about 10 nM-about 40 nM, about 10 nM-about 30 nM, or about 10 nM-about 20 nM. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site binds CD3 (e.g., human CD3, e.g., human CD3ε) with a K_D, as measured by BLI, greater than or equal to 10 nM, 20 nM, 30 nM, 40 nM, 50 nM, 60 nM, 70 nM, 80 nM, 90 nM, 100 nM, 200 nM, 300 nM, 400 nM, 500 nM, 600 nM, 700 nM, 800 nM, 900 nM, or 1 pM. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site binds CD3 with a K_D, as measured by BLI, within the range of about 10 nM-about 1 pM, about 10 nM-about 900 nM, about 10 nM-about 800 nM, about 10 nM-about 700 nM, about 10 nM-about 600 nM, about 10 nM-about 500 nM, about 10 nM-about 400 nM, about 10 nM-about 300 nM, about 10 nM-about 200 nM, about 10 nM-about 100 nM, about 100 nM-about 1 pM, about 100 nM-about 900 nM, about 100 nM-about 800 nM, about 100 nM-about 700 nM, about 100 nM-about 600 nM, about 100 nM-about 500 nM, about 100 nM-about 400 nM, about 100 nM-about 300 nM, or about 100 nM-about 200 nM.

It is understood that the binding affinity to CD3 of the second antigen-binding site alone may be different from the binding affinity of the same antigen-binding site in the context of the multi-specific binding protein disclosed herein, possibly due to the conformational restraint from the other domains. The context-dependent binding affinity is described in the subsection G below titled “Binding Affinity.”

In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site, when present in the form of an Fab, has a melting temperature of at least 60° C., at least 65° C., at least 70° C., at least 75° C., or at least 80° C. In certain embodiments, the second antigen-binding site, when present in the form of an Fab, has a melting temperature in the range of 60-85° C., 60-80° C., 60-75° C., 60-70° C., 60-65° C., 65-85° C., 65-80° C., 65-75° C., 65-70° C., 70-85° C., 70-80° C., 70-75° C., 75-85° C., 75-80° C., or 80-85° C.

C. Half-Life Extension Domain

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises a half-life extension domain. As used herein, the term “half-life extension domain” refers to a protein domain that prolongs the half-life of a protein to which it is fused, within a subject (e.g., the blood of the subject). Exemplary half-life extension domains include Fc domains, serum albumin domains, and protein domains that bind serum albumin. In certain embodiments, the half-life extension domain in the multi-specific binding protein comprises a third antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin (e.g., HSA). It is contemplated that a serum albumin binding domain may facilitate recycling of the multi-specific binding protein through binding to neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), thereby extending the serum half-life of the multi-specific binding protein. Accordingly, in certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site does not bind the D-III domain of HSA (the domain that mediates the interaction between HSA and FcRn). In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site extends the serum half-life of the multi-specific binding protein.

In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site is an antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin (e.g., human serum albumin (HSA)) derived from the single domain antibodies listed in Table 5. The CDR sequences are identified under the Kabat numbering scheme unless indicated by an asterisk (*).

TABLE 5

Sequences of Exemplary Antibodies That Bind Serum Albumin

Antibody
VH and HCDRs

CNG-HSA-
KVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISG

101
SGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 121)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMT (SEQ ID NO: 122)

HCDR1: SFGMT (SEQ ID NO: 123)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVRG (SEQ ID NO: 124)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLSP (SEQ ID NO: 125)

HCDR3: GGSLSP (SEQ ID NO: 126)

CNG-HSA-
KVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISG

102
SGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 127)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVRG (SEQ ID NO: 124)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLSP (SEQ ID NO: 125)

HCDR3: GGSLSP (SEQ ID NO: 126)

CNG-HSA-
KVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISG

103
SGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 130)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMT (SEQ ID NO: 122)

HCDR1: SFGMT (SEQ ID NO: 123)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVRG (SEQ ID NO: 124)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLSP (SEQ ID NO: 125)

HCDR3: GGSLSP (SEQ ID NO: 126)

CNG-HSA-
KVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFHSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISG

104
SGSDTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 131)

HCDR1*: FTFHSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 132)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID NO: 133)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 134)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

CNG-HSA-
EVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFVFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISG

105
SGSDTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 136)

HCDR1*: FVFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 137)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID NO: 133)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 134)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

CNG-HSA-
KVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISG

106
SGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMDSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSRSISSQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 138)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVRG (SEQ ID NO: 124)

HCDR3*: TIGGSRSI (SEQ ID NO: 139)

HCDR3: GGSRSI (SEQ ID NO: 140)

CNG-HSA-
KVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISG

107
SGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCSIGGSLIRSSQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 141)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVRG (SEQ ID NO: 124)

HCDR3*: SIGGSLIR (SEQ ID NO: 142)

HCDR3: GGSLIR (SEQ ID NO: 143)

CNG-HSA-
KVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFGSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISG

108
SGADTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLRASS

QGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 144)

HCDR1*: FTFGSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 145)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGADTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID NO: 146)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLRA (SEQ ID NO: 147)

HCDR3: GGSLRA (SEQ ID NO: 148)

CNG-HSA-
KVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFTFGSFGMSWVRQAPGKGPEWVSSISG

109
SGSDTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 149)

HCDR1*: FTFGSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 145)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVRG (SEQ ID NO: 133)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 134)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

CNG-HSA-
KVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISG

110
SGGDTLYADSAKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 150)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGGDTLYADSAKG (SEQ ID NO: 151)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 134)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

CNG-HSA-
KVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISG

111
SGSDTLYADSVEGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLKQSSQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 152)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVEG (SEQ ID NO: 153)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLKQ (SEQ ID NO: 154)

HCDR3: GGSLKQ (SEQ ID NO: 155)

CNG-HSA-
KVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFPSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISG

112
SGSDTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSVSKSSR

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 156)

HCDR1*: FTFPSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 157)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID NO: 133)

HCDR3*: TIGGSVSK (SEQ ID NO: 158)

HCDR3: GGSVSK (SEQ ID NO: 159)

CNG-HSA-
GVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISG

113
TGSDTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLRYSSQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 160)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGTGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID NO: 161)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLRY (SEQ ID NO: 162)

HCDR3: GGSLRY (SEQ ID NO: 163)

CNG-HSA-
KVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISG

114
SGSDTLTADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLVRSSQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 164)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLTADSVKG (SEQ ID NO: 165)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLVR (SEQ ID NO: 166)

HCDR3: GGSLVR (SEQ ID NO: 167)

CNG-HSA-
KVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMGWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISG

115
SGSDTLYAPSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYCTFAGSLSRSSQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 168)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMG (SEQ ID NO: 169)

HCDR1: SFGMG (SEQ ID NO: 170)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYAPSVKG (SEQ ID NO: 171)

HCDR3*: TFAGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 172)

HCDR3: AGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 173)

CNG-HSA-
KVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGPEWVSSISG

116
SGSDTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLRASSQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 174)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID NO: 133)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLRA (SEQ ID NO: 147)

HCDR3: GGSLRA (SEQ ID NO: 148)

CNG-HSA-
KVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISG

117
SGSDTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLTRSSQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 175)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID NO: 133)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLTR (SEQ ID NO: 176)

HCDR3: GGSLTR (SEQ ID NO: 177)

CNG-HSA-
KVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISG

118
GGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLRASS

QGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 178)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGGGSDTLYADSVRG (SEQ ID NO: 179)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLRA (SEQ ID NO: 147)

HCDR3: GGSLRA (SEQ ID NO: 148)

CNG-HSA-
KVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISG

119
SGSDALYADSAKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 180)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDALYADSAKG (SEQ ID NO: 181)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLSP (SEQ ID NO: 125)

HCDR3: GGSLSP (SEQ ID NO: 126)

CNG-HSA-
KVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGPEWVSSISG

120
SGSDTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLKQSSQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 182)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID NO: 133)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLKQ (SEQ ID NO: 154)

HCDR3: GGSLKQ (SEQ ID NO: 155)

Consensus-1
HCDR1*: FX₁FX₂SFGMX₃, wherein X₁ is T or V; X₂ is S, H, G, or P; and X is S, T,

(CNG-HSA-
or G (SEQ ID NO: 408)

101 to -120)

HCDR1: SFGMX, wherein X is S, T, or G (SEQ ID NO: 184)

HCDR2: SISGX₁GX₂DX₃LX₄AX₅SX₆X₇G, wherein X₁ is S, T, or G; X is S, A, or G;

X₃ is T or A; X₄ is Y or T; X₅ is D or P; X is V or A; and X₇ is K, R, or E (SEQ ID

NO: 409)

HCDR3*: X₁X₂X₃GSX₄X₅X₆, wherein X₁ is T or S; X₂ is I or F; X₃ is G or A; X₄ is L,

R, or V; X₅ is S, I, R, K, V, or T; and X is R, P, I, A, Q, K, or Y (SEQ ID NO: 410)

HCDR3: X₁GSX₂X₃X₄, wherein X₁ is G or A; X₂ is L, R, or V; X₃ is S, 1, R, K, V, or T;

and X₄ is R, P, I, A, Q, K, or Y (SEQ ID NO: 411)

Consensus-2
HCDR1*: FTFX₁SFGMX₂, wherein X₁ is S, H, G, or P; and X₂ is S, T, or G (SEQ ID

(CNG-HSA-
NO: 183)

101 to -104,

-108 to-112,

and -115 to

-120)

HCDR1: SFGMX, wherein X is S, T, or G (SEQ ID NO: 184)

HCDR2: SISGX₁GX₂DX₃LYAX₄SX₅XG, wherein X₁ is S or G; X₂ is S, A, or G; X₃ is

T or A; X₄ is D or P; X₅ is V or A; and X₆ is K, R, or E (SEQ ID NO: 185)

HCDR3*: TX1X2GSX₃X₄X₅, wherein X₁ is I or F; X₂ is G or A; X₃ is L or V; X₄ is S,

R, K, or T; and X₅ is R, P, A, Q, or K (SEQ ID NO: 186)

HCDR3: X₁GSX₂X₃X₄, wherein X₁ is G or A; X₂ is L or V; X₃ is S, R, K, or T; and X₄

is R, P, A, Q, or K (SEQ ID NO: 187)

Consensus-3
HCDR1*: FTFX₁SFGMX₂, wherein X₁ is S, H, or G; and X₂ is S or T (SEQ ID NO:

(CNG-HSA-
188)

101, -102,

-104, -109,

-113,

-116, and)

-117

HCDR1: SFGMX, wherein X is S or T (SEQ ID NO: 189)

HCDR2: SISGX₁GSDTLYADSVX₂G, wherein X₁ is S or T; and X₂ is K or R (SEQ ID

NO: 190)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLX₁X₂, wherein X₁ is S, R, or T; and X₂ is R, P, Y, or A (SEQ ID

NO: 191)

HCDR3: GGSLX₁X₂, wherein X₁ is S, R, or T; and X₂ is R, P, Y, or A (SEQ ID NO:

192)

Consensus-4
HCDR1*: FTFX₁SFGMX₂, wherein X₁ is S, H, or G; and X₂ is S or T (SEQ ID NO:

(CNG-HSA-
188)

101, -102,

-104, -109,

-116, and

-117)

HCDR1: SFGMX, wherein X is S or T (SEQ ID NO: 189)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVXG, wherein X is K or R (SEQ ID NO: 193)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLX₁X₂, wherein X₁ is S, R, or T; and X₂ is R, P, or A (SEQ ID NO:

194)

HCDR3: GGSLX₁X₂, wherein X₁ is S, R, or T; and X₂ is R, P, or A (SEQ ID NO: 195)

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin comprises a VH that comprises an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to the VH of an antibody disclosed in Table 5. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3, determined under Kabat (see Kabat et al., (1991) Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, NIH Publication No. 91-3242, Bethesda), Chothia (see, e.g., Chothia C & Lesk A M, (1987), J Mol Biol 196: 901-917), MacCallum (see MacCallum R M et al., (1996) J Mol Biol 262: 732-745), IMGT (see Lefranc, (1999) The Immunologist, 7, 132-136), or any other CDR determination method known in the art, of the VH sequence of an antibody disclosed in Table 5. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences of an antibody disclosed in Table 5. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the VH sequence of an antibody disclosed in Table 5.

Series 1 Constructs

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds HSA comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 408, 409, and 410, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3, sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 128, 133, and 134, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 122, 128, 132, 137, 145, 157, and 169; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 124, 133, 146, 151, 153, 161, 165, 171, 179, and 181; and/or the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 125, 134, 142, 147, 154, 158, 162, 166, 172, and 176.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 184, 409, and 411, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 133, and 135, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 123, 129, and 170; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 124, 133, 146, 151, 153, 161, 165, 171, 179, and 181; and/or the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 135, 143, 148, 155, 159, 163, 167, 173, and 177.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site has a higher binding affinity to human serum albumin, cynomolgus serum albumin, mouse serum albumin, and/or protein A relative to an antigen-binding site having VH sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 196.

Series 2 Constructs

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds HSA comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 183, 185, and 186, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3, sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 128, 133, and 134, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 122, 128, 132, 145, 157, and 169; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 124, 133, 146, 151, 153, 171, 179, and 181; and/or the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 125, 134, 147, 154, 158, 172, and 176.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 184, 185, and 187, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 133, and 135, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 123, 129, and 170; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 124, 133, 146, 151, 153, 171, 179, and 181; and/or the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 135, 148, 155, 159, 173, and 177.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site has a higher binding affinity to human serum albumin relative to an antigen-binding site having VH sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 196. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site binds human serum albumin with a K_Dlower than or equal to 10 nM, 9 nM, 8 nM, 7 nM, 6 nM, 5 nM, 4 nM, or 3 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site binds human serum albumin with a K_Din the range of 1-10 nM, 1-9 nM, 1-8 nM, 1-7 nM, 1-6 nM, 1-5 nM, 1-4 nM, or 1-3 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

Series 3 Constructs

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds HSA comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 188, 190, and 191, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3, sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 128, 133, and 134, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 122, 128, 132, and 145; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 124, 133, and 161; and/or the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 125, 134, 162, 147, and 176.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 189, 190, and 192, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 133, and 135, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 123 and 129; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 124, 133, and 161; and/or the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 135, 163, 148, and 177.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site has a higher binding affinity to protein A relative to an antigen-binding site having VH sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 196. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site binds protein A with a K_Dlower than or equal to 2.5 nM or 2 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site binds protein A with a K_Din the range of 1-2.5 nM or 1-2 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

Series 4 Constructs

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds HSA comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 188, 193, and 194, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3, sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 128, 133, and 134, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 122, 128, 132, and 145; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 124 and 133; and/or the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 125, 134, 147, and 176.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 189, 193, and 195, respectively, wherein the antigen-binding site does not comprise HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 133, and 135, respectively. In certain embodiments, the HCDR1 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 123 and 129; the HCDR2 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 124 and 133; and/or the HCDR3 sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 135, 148, and 177.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site has a higher binding affinity to human serum albumin and a higher affinity to protein A relative to an antigen-binding site having VH sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 196. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site binds human serum albumin with a K_Dlower than or equal to 10 nM, 9 nM, 8 nM, 7 nM, 6 nM, 5 nM, 4 nM, or 3 nM and binds protein A with a K_Dlower than or equal to 2.5 nM or 2 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site binds human serum albumin with a K_Din the range of 1-10 nM, 1-9 nM, 1-8 nM, 1-7 nM, 1-6 nM, 1-5 nM, 1-4 nM, or 1-3 nM and binds protein A with a K_Din the range of 1-2.5 nM or 1-2 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

Individual Constructs

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-101. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 122, 124, and 125, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 123, 124, and 126, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 121. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 121.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-102. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 128, 124, and 125, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 124, and 126, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 127. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 127.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-103. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 122, 124, and 125, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 123, 124, and 126, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 130. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 130.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-104. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 132, 133, and 134, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 133, and 135, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 131. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 131.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-105. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 137, 133, and 134, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 133, and 135, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 136. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 136.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-106. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 128, 124, and 139, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 124, and 140, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 138. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 138.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-107. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 128, 124, and 142, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 124, and 143, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 141. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 141.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-108. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 145, 146, and 147, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 146, and 148, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 144. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 144.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-109. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 145, 133, and 134, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 133, and 135, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 149. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 149.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-110. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 128, 151, and 134, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 151, and 135, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 150. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 150.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-111. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 128, 153, and 154, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 153, and 155, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 152. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 152.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-112. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 157, 133, and 158, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 133, and 159, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 156. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 156.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-113. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 128, 161, and 162, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 161, and 163, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 160. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 160.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-114. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 128, 165, and 166, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 165, and 167, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 164. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 164.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-115. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 169, 171, and 172, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 170, 171, and 173, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 168. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 168.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-116. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 128, 133, and 147, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 133, and 148, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 174. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 174.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-117. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 128, 133, and 176, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 133, and 177, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 175. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 175.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-118. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 128, 179, and 147, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 179, and 148, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 178. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 178.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-119. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 128, 181, and 125, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 181, and 126, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 180. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 180.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from CNG-HSA-120. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 128, 133, and 154, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 129, 133, and 155, respectively. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises a VH comprising an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to SEQ ID NO: 180. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 180.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-103, CNG-HSA-104, CNG-HSA-108, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-110, CNG-HSA-111, CNG-HSA-112, CNG-HSA-115, CNG-HSA-116, CNG-HSA-117, CNG-HSA-118, CNG-HSA-119, or CNG-HSA-120 binds human serum albumin with a K_Dlower than or equal to 10 nM, 9 nM, 8 nM, 7 nM, 6 nM, 5 nM, 4 nM, or 3 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-103, CNG-HSA-104, CNG-HSA-108, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-110, CNG-HSA-111, CNG-HSA-112, CNG-HSA-115, CNG-HSA-116, CNG-HSA-117, CNG-HSA-118, CNG-HSA-119, or CNG-HSA-120 binds human serum albumin with a K_Din the range of 1-10 nM, 1-9 nM, 1-8 nM, 1-7 nM, 1-6 nM, 1-5 nM, 1-4 nM, or 1-3 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-103, CNG-HSA-104, CNG-HSA-108, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-110, CNG-HSA-111, CNG-HSA-112, CNG-HSA-115, CNG-HSA-116, CNG-HSA-117, CNG-HSA-118, CNG-HSA-119, or CNG-HSA-120 binds cynomolgus serum albumin with a K_Dlower than or equal to 9 nM, 8 nM, 7 nM, 6 nM, 5 nM, 4 nM, or 3 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-103, CNG-HSA-104, CNG-HSA-108, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-110, CNG-HSA-111, CNG-HSA-112, CNG-HSA-115, CNG-HSA-116, CNG-HSA-117, CNG-HSA-118, CNG-HSA-119, or CNG-HSA-120 binds cynomolgus serum albumin with a K_Din the range of 1-9 nM, 1-8 nM, 1-7 nM, 1-6 nM, 1-5 nM, 1-4 nM, or 1-3 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-103, CNG-HSA-104, CNG-HSA-108, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-110, CNG-HSA-111, CNG-HSA-112, CNG-HSA-115, CNG-HSA-116, CNG-HSA-117, CNG-HSA-118, CNG-HSA-119, or CNG-HSA-120 binds mouse serum albumin with a K_Dlower than or equal to 100 nM, 90 nM, 80 nM, 70 nM, 60 nM, 50 nM, 40 nM, 30 nM, 20 nM, or 10 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-103, CNG-HSA-104, CNG-HSA-108, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-110, CNG-HSA-111, CNG-HSA-112, CNG-HSA-115, CNG-HSA-116, CNG-HSA-117, CNG-HSA-118, CNG-HSA-119, or CNG-HSA-120 binds mouse serum albumin with a K_Din the range of 1-100 nM, 1-90 nM, 1-80 nM, 1-70 nM, 1-60 nM, 1-50 nM, 1-40 nM, 1-30 nM, 1-20 nM, or 1-10 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-103, CNG-HSA-106, CNG-HSA-107, CNG-HSA-108, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-111, CNG-HSA-113, CNG-HSA-114, CNG-HSA-115, CNG-HSA-116, CNG-HSA-118, or CNG-HSA-120 binds human serum albumin with a first K_Dand binds mouse serum albumin with a second K_D, wherein the ratio of the second K_Dto the first K_Dis in the range of 0.5-10, 0.5-9, 0.5-8, 0.5-7, 0.5-6, 0.5-5, 0.5-4, 0.5-3, 0.5-2, 0.9-10, 0.9-9, 0.9-8, 0.9-7, 0.9-6, 0.9-5, 0.9-4, 0.9-3, 0.9-2, 1-10, 1-9, 1-8, 1-7, 1-6, 1-5, 1-4, 1-3, or 1-2. It is understood that an antigen-binding site having a ratio closer to 1 has more similar affinity to mouse serum albumin relative to affinity to human serum albumin, which allows assessment of the pharmacokinetics of the antigen-binding site or a protein comprising the same using a mouse model at higher accuracy.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-104, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-113, CNG-HSA-116, or CNG-HSA-117 has a higher binding affinity to protein A relative to an antigen-binding site having VH sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 196. It is understood that increased affinity to protein A allows purification of the antigen-binding site, or a protein that comprises the antigen-binding site but not an antibody Fc region, by protein A chromatography. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-104, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-113, CNG-HSA-116, or CNG-HSA-117 binds human serum albumin with a K_Dlower than or equal to 10 nM, 9 nM, 8 nM, 7 nM, 6 nM, 5 nM, 4 nM, or 3 nM and binds protein A with a K_Dlower than or equal to 2.5 nM or 2 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-104, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-113, CNG-HSA-116, or CNG-HSA-117 binds human serum albumin with a K_Din the range of 1-10 nM, 1-9 nM, 1-8 nM, 1-7 nM, 1-6 nM, 1-5 nM, 1-4 nM, or 1-3 nM and binds protein A with a K_Din the range of 1-2.5 nM or 1-2 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-104, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-116, or CNG-HSA-117 has a higher binding affinity to human serum albumin and a higher affinity to protein A relative to an antigen-binding site having VH sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 196. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-104, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-116, or CNG-HSA-117 binds protein A with a K_Dlower than or equal to 2.5 nM or 2 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-104, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-116, or CNG-HSA-117 binds protein A with a K_Din the range of 1-2.5 nM or 1-2 nM, as measured by SPR when the antigen-binding site is present as a monomer.

Melting temperature represents the thermostability of the antigen-binding site and can be measured by differential scanning fluorimetry, for example, as described in Durowoju et al. (2017) J. Vis. Exp. (121): 55262. The thermostability of an antibody or fragment thereof may be enhanced by grafting CDRs onto stable frameworks, introducing non-canonical disulfide bonds, and other mutagenesis, as described in McConnell et al. (2014) MAbs, 6(5): 1274-82; and Goldman et al. (2017) Front. Immunol., 8: 865. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-103, CNG-HSA-104, CNG-HSA-105, CNG-HSA-106, CNG-HSA-108, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-113, CNG-HSA-116, CNG-HSA-117, or CNG-HSA-120 has a melting temperature greater than or equal to 60° C., as measured by differential scanning fluorimetry. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site derived from CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-103, CNG-HSA-106, or CNG-HSA-120 has a melting temperature greater than or equal to 65° C., as measured by differential scanning fluorimetry.

In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site competes for binding serum (e.g., human serum albumin) and/or competes for binding protein A with an antibody or antigen-binding site comprising the VH sequence provided in Table 5.

Alternatively, the third antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin can be derived from, for example, the antigen-binding sites disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,188,223, and PCT Publication Nos. WO2017085172, and WO2018050833. For example, in certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site that binds serum albumin is derived from an antibody listed in Table 6.

TABLE 6

Sequences of Exemplary Antigen-Binding Sites That Bind Serum Albumin

Antigen-

Binding

Site
VH and HCDRs
VL and LCDRs

CNG-
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

HSA-1
FSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTLVTV

SS (SEQ ID NO: 196)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3*: TIGGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 134)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

ALB3
FRSFGMSWVRQAPGKEPEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLKPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTQVT

VSS (SEQ ID NO: 624)

HCDR1*: FTFRSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 625)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

ALB4
FSSFGMSWVRQAPGKEPEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLKPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTQVT

VSS (SEQ ID NO: 626)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

ALB5
FRSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLKPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTQVT

VSS (SEQ ID NO: 627)

HCDR1*: FTFRSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 628)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

ALB6
FRSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLKPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTLVTV

SS (SEQ ID NO: 629)

HCDR1*: FTFRSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 630)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

ALB7
FRSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTLVTV

SS (SEQ ID NO: 631)

HCDR1*: FTFRSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 632)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

ALB9
FSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKNTLYLQM

NSLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTLVT

VSS (SEQ ID NO: 633)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

ALB 10
FSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKNTLYLQM

NSLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSGQGTLV

TVSS (SEQ ID NO: 634)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

ALB23
FRSFGMSWVRQAPGKGPEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMN

SLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTLVTV

SS (SEQ ID NO: 635)

HCDR1*: FTFRSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 636)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGVVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

mAb-1
FSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLRPEDTATYYCTIGGSLSRS SQGTL VTV

SSA (SEQ ID NO: 637)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGVVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

mAb-2
FRSFGMSWVRQAPGKGPEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMN

SLRPEDTATYYCTIGGSLSRS SQGTLVTV

SSA (SEQ ID NO: 638)

HCDR1*: FTFRSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 639)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129) or

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

mAb-3
FSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTLVKV

SSA (SEQ ID NO: 640)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129) or

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGVVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

mAb-4
FSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLRPEDTALYYCTIGGSLSRS SQGTLVTV

SS (SEQ ID NO: 641)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGVVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

mAb-5
FSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLRPEDTALYYCTIGGSLSRS SQGTLVTV

SSA (SEQ ID NO: 642)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGVVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

mAb-6
FSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLRPEDTALYYCTIGGSLSRS SQGTLVTV

SSAA (SEQ ID NO: 643)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGVVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

mAb-7
FSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLRPEDTALYYCTIGGSLSRS SQGTLVTV

SSAAA (SEQ ID NO: 644)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGVVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

mAb-8
FSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLRPEDTALYYCTIGGSLSRS SQGTLVTV

SSG (SEQ ID NO: 645)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGVVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

mAb-9
FSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLRPEDTALYYCTIGGSLSRS SQGTLVTV

SSGG (SEQ ID NO: 646)

HCDR1*: GFTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO:)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGVVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

mAb-10
FSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLRPEDTALYYCTIGGSLSRS SQGTLVTV

SSGGG (SEQ ID NO: 647)

HCDR1*: FTFSSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 128)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
AVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

PMP6A6
FRSFGMSWVRQAPGKEPEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLKPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTQVT

VSS (SEQ ID NO: 648)

HCDR1*: FTFRSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 649)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 133)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Ablynx
AVQLVDSGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFS
N/A

PMP6C1
FGSFGMSWVRQYPGKEPEWVSSINGRG

DDTRYADSVKGRFSISRDNAKNTLYLQ

MNSLKPEDTAEYYCTIGRSVSRSRTQGT

QVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 650)

HCDR1*: FSFGSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 651)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: SINGRGDDTRYADSVKG (SEQ

ID NO: 652)

HCDR3: GRSVSRS (SEQ ID NO: 653)

Ablynx
AVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLTCTASGFT
N/A

PMP6G8
FRSFGMSWVRQAPGKDQEWVSAISADS

STKNYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKKMLYLE

MNSLKPEDTAVYYCVIGRGSPSSPGTQV

TVSS (SEQ ID NO: 654)

HCDR1*: FTFRSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 655)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: AISADSSTKNYADSVKG (SEQ

ID NO: 656)

HCDR3: GRGSP(SEQ ID NO: 657)

Ablynx
QVQLAESGGGLVQPGGSLRLTCTASGFT
N/A

PMP6A5
FGSFGMSWVRQAPGEGLEWVSAISADSS

DKRYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKKMLYLEM

NSLKSEDTAVYYCVIGRGSPASQGTQVT

VSS (SEQ ID NO: 658)

HCDR1*: FTFGSFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 145)

HCDR1: SFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 129)

HCDR2: AISADSSDKRYADSVKG (SEQ

ID NO: 659)

HCDR3: GRGSP(SEQ ID NO: 660)

Ablynx
QVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

PMP6G7
FSNYWMYWVRVAPGKGLERISRDISTG

GGYSYYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKNTLYLQ

MNSLKPEDTALYYCAKDREAQVDTLDF

DYRGQGTQVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 661)

HCDR1*: FTFSNYWMY (SEQ ID NO: 662)

HCDR1: NYWMY (SEQ ID NO: 663)

HCDR2: RDISTGGGYSYYADSVKG (SEQ

ID NO: 664)

HCDR3: DREAQVDTLDFDY (SEQ ID NO:

665)

Ablynx
AVQLVESGGGLVQGGGSLRLACAASERI
N/A

PMP6A8
FDLNLMGWYRQGPGNERELVATCITVG

DSTNYADSVKGRFTISMDYTKQTVYLH

MNSLRPEDTGLYYCKIRRTWHSELWGQ

GTQVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 666)

HCDR1*: SERIFDLNLMG (SEQ ID NO:

667)

HCDR1: LNLMG (SEQ ID NO: 668)

HCDR2: TCITVGDSTNYADSVKG (SEQ

ID NO: 669)

HCDR3: RRTWHSEL (SEQ ID NO: 670)

Ablynx
EVQLVESGGGLVQEGGSLRLACAASERI
N/A

PMP6C1
WDINLLGWYRQGPGNERELVATITVGD

STSYADSVKGRFTISRDYDKNTLYLQMN

SLRPEDTGLYYCKIRRTWHSELWGQGT

QVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 671)

HCDR1*: SERIWDINLLG (SEQ ID NO:

672)

HCDR1: INLLG (SEQ ID NO: 673)

HCDR2: TITVGDSTSYADSVKG (SEQ ID

NO: 674)

HCDR3: RRTWHSEL (SEQ ID NO: 675)

Harpoon
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

mAb-1
FSKFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGR

DTLYAESVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSVSSQGTLVTV

SS (SEQ ID NO: 676)

HCDR1: GFTFSKFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 677)

HCDR2: SISGSGRDTLYAESVK (SEQ ID

NO: 678)

HCDR3: GGSLSV (SEQ ID NO: 679)

Harpoon
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

mAb-2
FSRFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGS

DTLYAESVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTLVTV

SS (SEQ ID NO: 680)

HCDR1: GFTFSRFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 681)

HCDR2: SISGSGSDTLYAESVK (SEQ ID

NO: 682)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Harpoon
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

mAb-3
FSKFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGT

DTLYAESVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMN

SLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTLVTV

SS (SEQ ID NO: 683)

HCDR1: GFTFSKFGMS (SEQ ID NO: 677)

HCDR2: SISGSGTDTLYAESVK (SEQ ID

NO: 684)

HCDR3: GGSLSR (SEQ ID NO: 135)

Domantis
EVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFT
N/A

DOM7h-
FSKYWMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSIDFM

22
GPHTYYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQ

MNSLRAEDTAVYYCAKGRTSMLPMKG

KFDYWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 685)

Domantis
EVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCTASGFT

DOM7h-
FDEYNMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSTILPHG

26
DRTYYADSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQM

NSLRAEDTAVYYCAKQDPLYRFDYWGQ

GTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 686)

Domantis
N/A
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRAS

DOM7h-

QKIATYLNWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYR

2

SSSLQSAVPSRFSGSGSGTVFTLTISS

LQPEDFATYYCQQTYAVPPTFGQG

TKVEIKR (SEQ ID NO: 687)

Domantis
N/A
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRAS

DOM7h-

QSISSYLNWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYRN

8

SPLQSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSL

QPEDFATYYCQQTYRVPPTFGQGT

KVEIKR (SEQ ID NO: 688)

MSA21
QVQLQESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCEASGFT
N/A

FSRFGMTWVRQAPGKGVEWVSGISSLG

DSTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKNTLYLQM

NSLKPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLNPGGQGTQV

TVSS (SEQ ID NO: 689)

UCB
EVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAVSGID
DIQMTQSPSSVSASVGDRVTITCQSS

mAb-1
LSNYAINWVRQAPGKCLEWIGIIWASGT
PSVWSNFLSWYQQKPGKAPKLLIY

TFYATWAKGRFTISRDNSKNTVYLQMN
EASKLTSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTI

SLRAEDTAVYYCARTVPGYSTAPYFDL
SSLQPEDFATYYCGGGYSSISDTTF

WGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 690)
GCGTKVEIKRT (SEQ ID NO: 691)

UCB
EVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAVSGID
DIQMTQSPSSVSASVGDRVTITCQSS

mAb-2
LSNYAINWVRQAPGKCLEWIGIIWASGT
PSVWSNFLSWYQQKPGKAPKLLIY

TFYATWAKGRFTISRDNSKNTVYLQMN
EASKLTSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTI

SLRAEDTAVYYCARTVPGYSTAPYFDL
SSLQPEDFATYYCGGGYSSISDTTF

WGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 692)
GGGTKVEIKRT (SEQ ID NO: 693)

Where the VL and LCDR sequences are noted as “N/A,” the antigen-binding site is an sdAb having a VH (e.g., VHH) only. Where the VH and HCDR sequences are noted as “N/A,” the antigen-binding site is an sdAb having a VL only.

In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site comprises a VH that comprises an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to the VH of an antibody disclosed in Table 6, and a VL that comprises an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100%) identical to the VL of the same antibody disclosed in Table 6. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3, determined under Kabat (see Kabat et al., (1991) Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, NIH Publication No. 91-3242, Bethesda), Chothia (see, e.g., Chothia C & Lesk A M, (1987), J Mol Biol 196: 901-917), MacCallum (see MacCallum R M et al., (1996) J Mol Biol 262: 732-745), IMGT (see Lefranc, (1999) The Immunologist, 7, 132-136), or any other CDR determination method known in the art, of the VH and/or VL sequences of an antibody disclosed in Table 6. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3, LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3 sequences of an antibody disclosed in Table 6. In certain embodiments, the antigen-binding site comprises the VH and VL sequences of an antibody disclosed in Table 6.

In other embodiments, the third antigen-binding site comprises an sdAb comprising a VH comprising complementarity determining regions HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises an amino acid sequence at least 60% (e.g., at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%) identical to the VH of an sdAb antibody provided in Table 6. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3, determined under Kabat (see Kabat et al., (1991) Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, NIH Publication No. 91-3242, Bethesda), Chothia (see, e.g., Chothia C & Lesk A M, (1987), J Mol Biol 196: 901-917), MacCallum (see MacCallum R M et al., (1996) J Mol Biol 262: 732-745), IMGT (see Lefranc, (1999) The Immunologist, 7, 132-136), or any other CDR determination method known in the art, of the VH sequence of an antibody disclosed in Table 6. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3 sequences of the antibody provided in Table 6. In certain embodiments, the VH comprises the amino acid sequence of the VH of an sdAb provided in Table 6.

In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site binds serum albumin (e.g., HSA) with a K_Dlower than or equal to 100 nM, 90 nM, 80 nM, 70 nM, 60 nM, 50 nM, 40 nM, 30 nM, 20 nM, 15 nM, 10 nM, 9 nM, 8 nM, 7 nM, 6 nM, 5 nM, 4 nM, 3 nM, 2 nM, 1 nM, 0.9 nM, 0.8 nM, 0.7 nM, 0.6 nM, 0.5 nM, 0.4 nM, 0.3 nM, 0.2 nM, or 0.1 nM. For example, in certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site binds serum albumin with a K_Dabout 0.1 nM-about 100 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 50 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 10 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 1 nM, about 1 nM-about 100 nM, about 1 nM-about 50 nM, about 1 nM-about 10 nM, about 10 nM-about 100 nM, or about 10 nM-about 50 nM. It is understood that given the high abundance of serum albumin in the blood, a very high affinity of the third antigen-binding site to serum albumin may not be required for effective extension of the serum half-life of the multi-specific binding protein. Accordingly, antigen-binding sites that have lower affinity to serum albumin are also contemplated.

It is understood that the binding affinity to serum albumin of the third antigen-binding site alone may be different from the binding affinity of the same antigen-binding site in the context of the multi-specific binding protein disclosed herein, possibly due to the conformational restraint from the other domains. The context-dependent binding affinity is described in subsection G below titled “Binding Affinity.”

In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site has a melting temperature of at least 50° C., at least 55° C., at least 56° C., at least 57° C., at least 58° C., at least 59° C., at least 60° C., at least 61° C., at least 62° C., at least 63° C., at least 64° C., at least 65° C., at least 70° C., at least 75° C., or at least 80° C. In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site has a melting temperature in the range of 50-80° C., 50-70° C., 50-65° C., 50-60° C., 50-55° C., 55-70° C., 55-65° C., 55-60° C., 56-65° C., 56-60° C., 57-65° C., 57-60° C., 58-65° C., 58-60° C., 59-65° C., 59-60° C., 60-80° C., 60-75° C., 60-70° C., 60-65° C., 65-80° C., 65-75° C., 65-70° C., 70-80° C., or 70-75° C.

D. Construct Formats

The first, second, and third antigen-binding sites may take various forms. In certain embodiments, the first, second, and/or third antigen-binding sites comprises two antibody variable domains (e.g., a VH and a VL). The VH and the VL can be mutated to introduce a disulfide bond (e.g., between H44 and L100) that stabilizes the antigen-binding site (see, Zhao et al. (2010) Int. J. Mol. Sci., 12(1):1-11). In certain embodiments, the first, second, and/or third antigen-binding sites comprises a single antibody variable domain (e.g., an sdAb).

In an antigen-binding site that contains a VH and a VL, the VH and the VL can be linked to form an scFv. The VH can be positioned N-terminal or C-terminal to the VL. The VH and the VL are typically linked through a linker, such as a peptide linker. Exemplary sequences of peptide linkers are provided in subsection E below titled “Linkers.” In certain embodiments, the VH of an antigen-binding domain is connected to the VL of the antigen-binding domain through a peptide linker having an amino acid sequence listed in Table 7. In particular embodiments, the VH of an antigen-binding domain is connected to the VL of the antigen-binding domain through a peptide linker having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 298, 299, or 302, wherein the VH is positioned N-terminal to the VL. In other particular embodiments, the VH of an antigen-binding domain is connected to the VL of the antigen-binding domain through a peptide linker having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 298, 299, or 302, wherein the VH is positioned C-terminal to the VL.

Alternatively, the VH and the VL may be present on separate polypeptide chains, and the formation of a VH-VL complex may be facilitated by additional domains, such as antibody constant regions CH1 and CL. Accordingly, in certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises an Fab comprising a VH and a VL disclosed herein.

In certain embodiments, a multi-specific binding protein of the present invention comprises a first antigen-binding site comprising a single antibody variable domain, a second antigen-binding site comprising a single antibody variable domain, and a third antigen-binding site comprising a single antibody variable domain. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises a first antigen-binding site in an sdAb format, a second antigen-binding site in an sdAb format, and a third antigen-binding site in an sdAb format.

In certain embodiments, a multi-specific binding protein of the present invention comprises a first antigen-binding site comprising a single antibody variable domain, a second antigen-binding site comprising a single antibody variable domain, and a third antigen-binding site comprising two antibody variable domains. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises a first antigen-binding site in an sdAb format, a second antigen-binding site in an sdAb format, and a third antigen-binding site in an scFv format.

In certain embodiments, a multi-specific binding protein of the present invention comprises a first antigen-binding site comprising a single antibody variable domain, a second antigen-binding site comprising two antibody variable domains, and a third antigen-binding site comprising a single antibody variable domain. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises a first antigen-binding site in an sdAb format, a second antigen-binding site in an scFv format, and a third antigen-binding site in an sdAb format.

In certain embodiments, a multi-specific binding protein of the present invention comprises a first antigen-binding site comprising a single antibody variable domain, a second antigen-binding site comprising two antibody variable domains, and a third antigen-binding site comprising two antibody variable domains. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises a first antigen-binding site in an sdAb format, a second antigen-binding site in an scFv format, and a third antigen-binding site in an scFv format.

In certain embodiments, a multi-specific binding protein of the present invention comprises a first antigen-binding site comprising two antibody variable domains, a second antigen-binding site comprising a single antibody variable domain, and a third antigen-binding site comprising a single antibody variable domain. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises a first antigen-binding site in an scFv format, a second antigen-binding site in an sdAb format, and a third antigen-binding site in an sdAb format.

In certain embodiments, a multi-specific binding protein of the present invention comprises a first antigen-binding site comprising two antibody variable domains, a second antigen-binding site comprising a single antibody variable domain, and a third antigen-binding site comprising two antibody variable domains. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises a first antigen-binding site in an scFv format, a second antigen-binding site in an sdAb format, and a third antigen-binding site in an scFv format.

In certain embodiments, a multi-specific binding protein of the present invention comprises a first antigen-binding site comprising two antibody variable domains, a second antigen-binding site comprising two antibody variable domains, and a third antigen-binding site comprising a single antibody variable domain. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises a first antigen-binding site in an scFv format, a second antigen-binding site in an scFv format, and a third antigen-binding site in an sdAb format.

In certain embodiments, a multi-specific binding protein of the present invention comprises a first antigen-binding site comprising two antibody variable domains, a second antigen-binding site comprising two antibody variable domains, and a third antigen-binding site comprising two antibody variable domains. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises a first antigen-binding site in an scFv format, a second antigen-binding site in an scFv format, and a third antigen-binding site in an scFv format.

The three antigen-binding sites of the multi-specific binding protein can be linked in any one of the following orientations in an amino-to-carboxyl direction:

- (i) the first antigen-binding site (CD19 binding domain)—the second antigen-binding site (CD3 binding domain)—the third antigen-binding site (serum albumin binding domain);
- (ii) the first antigen-binding site (CD19 binding domain)—the third antigen-binding site (serum albumin binding domain)—the second antigen-binding site (CD3 binding domain);
- (iii) the second antigen-binding site (CD3 binding domain)—the first antigen-binding site (CD19 binding domain)—the third antigen-binding site (serum albumin binding domain);
- (iv) the second antigen-binding site (CD3 binding domain)—the third antigen-binding site (serum albumin binding domain)—the first antigen-binding site (CD19 binding domain);
- (v) the third antigen-binding site (serum albumin binding domain)—the first antigen-binding site (CD19 binding domain)—the second antigen-binding site (CD3 binding domain); and
- (vi) the third antigen-binding site (serum albumin binding domain)—the second antigen-binding site (CD3 binding domain)—the first antigen-binding site (CD19 binding domain), wherein the dashes above represent a peptide bond and/or a linker (e.g., peptide linker).

In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site is not positioned between the first antigen-binding site and the second antigen-binding site. It is contemplated that constructs having such formats have favorable therapeutic efficacy and in vivo half-life. In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site is positioned N-terminal to both the first antigen-binding site and the second antigen-binding site or C-terminal to both the first antigen-binding site and the second antigen-binding site. In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site is positioned N-terminal to both the first antigen-binding site and the second antigen-binding site. In certain embodiments, the third antigen-binding site is positioned C-terminal to both the first antigen-binding site and the second antigen-binding site.

The position (N-terminal or C-terminal) of one antigen-binding site relative to another is determined under the definitions of “N-terminal” and “C-terminal” as known in the art if a single polypeptide chain comprises both antigen-binding sites. It is understood that if an antigen-binding site comprises two separate polypeptide chains, its position (N-terminal or C-terminal) relative to another antigen-binding site (either having a single polypeptide chain or two polypeptide chains) can be similarly determined if a single polypeptide chain comprises at least one polypeptide chain of the former and at least one polypeptide chain of the latter. It is further understood that if antigen-binding site A is N-terminal to antigen-binding site B and antigen-binding site B is N-terminal to antigen-binding site C, it is deemed that antigen-binding site A is positioned N-terminal to antigen-binding site C even if antigen-binding sites A and C are not present in any single, common polypeptide chain. More complex structures of multi-specific binding proteins are also contemplated, some of which may have orientations difficult to characterize using the terms of “N-terminal” and “C-terminal” as described above due to, for example, different relative positions of two antigen-binding sites on one polypeptide chain versus another polypeptide chain, or the presence of a loop structure.

According to the present invention, the multi-specific binding proteins and its constituent binding domains are in the form of one or more polypeptides. Such polypeptides may include proteinaceous parts and non-proteinaceous parts (e.g., chemical linkers or chemical cross-linking agents such as glutaraldehyde). In certain embodiments, a multi-specific binding protein of the present invention includes a first antigen-binding site, a second antigen-binding site, and a third antigen-binding site, all of which are linked together to form a single polypeptide chain. In certain embodiments, the first, second, and third antigen-binding sites take the forms of scFv and/or sdAb, for example, in a combination as described above, to form a single polypeptide chain.

E. Linkers

As noted above, the antigen-binding sites of the multi-specific binding proteins of the present invention can be linked through a peptide bond or a linker (e.g., peptide linker). In certain embodiments, at least two adjacent antigen-binding sites are connected by a linker (e.g., peptide linker). In certain embodiments, each two adjacent antigen-binding sites are connected by a linker (e.g., peptide linker).

In certain embodiments, the three antigen-binding sites of the multi-specific binding protein can be linked by linkers (e.g., peptide linkers) denoted as L₁and L₂in any one of the following orientations in an amino-to-carboxyl direction:

- (i) the first antigen-binding site (CD19 binding domain)—L₁—the second antigen-binding site (CD3 binding domain)—L₂—the third antigen-binding site (serum albumin binding domain);
- (ii) the first antigen-binding site (CD19 binding domain)—L₁—the third antigen-binding site (serum albumin binding domain)—L₂—the second antigen-binding site (CD3 binding domain);
- (iii) the second antigen-binding site (CD3 binding domain)—L₁—the first antigen-binding site (CD19 binding domain)—L₂—the third antigen-binding site (serum albumin binding domain);
- (iv) the second antigen-binding site (CD3 binding domain)—L₁—the third antigen-binding site (serum albumin binding domain)—L₂—the first antigen-binding site (CD19 binding domain);
- (v) the third antigen-binding site (serum albumin binding domain)—L₁—the first antigen-binding site (CD19 binding domain)—L₂—the second antigen-binding site (CD3 binding domain); and
- (vi) the third antigen-binding site (serum albumin binding domain)—L₁—the second antigen-binding site (CD3 binding domain)—L₂—the first antigen-binding site (CD19 binding domain). It is appreciated that in a given construct, L₁, L₂, or both L₁and L₂may be replaced with a peptide bond.

It is understood that if a single polypeptide chain comprises two adjacent antigen-binding sites, the peptide linker connecting the two antigen-binding sites represents the amino acid sequence between them. If an antigen-binding site comprises two separate polypeptide chains, one of which is present in a single, common polypeptide as an adjacent antigen-binding site or a polypeptide chain thereof, the peptide linker connecting the two antigen-binding sites represents the amino acid sequence between them in the common, single polypeptide.

In certain embodiments, the linkers L₁and L₂are peptide linkers. Suitable lengths of L₁and L₂can be independently selected. For example, in certain embodiments, L₁and/or L₂are about 50 or less amino acid residues in length. In certain embodiments, L₁consists of about 50 or less amino acid residues. In certain embodiments, L₁consists of about 20 or less amino acid residues. In certain embodiments, L₂consists of about 50 or less amino acid residues. In certain embodiments, L₂consists of about 20 or less amino acid residues. In certain embodiments, L₁and L₂independently consist of about 50 or less amino acid residues. In certain embodiments, L₁and L₂independently consist of about 20 or less amino acid residues.

In some embodiments, peptide linkers L₁and L₂have an optimized length and/or amino acid composition. In some embodiments, L₁and L₂are of the same length and have the same amino acid composition. In other embodiments, L₁and L₂are different. In certain embodiments, L₁and/or L₂are “short,” i.e., consist of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12 amino acid residues. Thus, in certain instances, the linkers consist of about 12 or less amino acid residues. In certain embodiments, L₁and/or L₂are “long,” e.g., consist of 15, 20 or 25 amino acid residues. In some embodiments, L₁and/or L₂consist of about 3 to about 15, for example 8, 9 or 10 contiguous amino acid residues.

Regarding the amino acid composition of L₁and L₂, peptides are selected with properties that confer flexibility to multi-specific binding protein of the present invention, do not interfere with the binding domains as well as resist cleavage from proteases. For example, glycine and serine residues generally provide protease resistance. Examples of the linkers suitable for linking the domains in the multi-specific binding protein include but are not limited to (GS)_n, (GGS)_n, (GGGS)_n, (GGSG)_n, (GGSGG)_n, and (GGGGS)_n, wherein n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20. In some embodiments, L₁and/or L₂are independently selected from the peptide sequences listed in Table 7. In some embodiments, L₁and/or L₂are independently selected from SEQ ID NOs: 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, or 302. In some embodiments, L₁and/or L₂are independently selected from SEQ ID NOs: 298, 299, and 302. In some embodiments, L₁and/or L₂comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 298, 299, or 302. In some embodiments, L₁and/or L₂consist of the amino acid sequence of 298, 299, or 302. In some embodiments, L₁and L₂each comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 298, 299, or 302. In some embodiments, L₁and L₂each consist of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 298, 299, or 302.

TABLE 7

Sequences of Exemplary Peptide Linkers

SEQ

ID

Linker
NO
Length
Amino Acid Sequence

(GS)₁₀
292
20
GSGSGSGSGSGSGSGSGSGS

(GGS)₁₀
293
30
GGSGGSGGSGGSGGSGGSGG

SGGSGGSGGS

(GGGS)₁₀
294
40
GGGSGGGSGGGSGGGSGGGS

GGGSGGGSGGGSGGGS

GGGS

(GGSG)₁₀
295
40
GGSGGGSGGGSGGGSGGGSG

GGSGGGSGGGSGGGSG

GGSG

(GGSGG)₁₀
296
50
GGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGG

GGSGGGGSGGGGSGG

GGSGGGGSGGGGSGG

(GGGGS)₁₀
297
50
GGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGS

GGGGSGGGGSGGGGS

GGGGSGGGGSGGGGS

(GGGGS)₄
298
20
GGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGS

(GGGGS)₃
299
15
GGGGSGGGGSGGGGS

(GGGGS)₂₀
300
100
GGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGS

GGGGSGGGGSGGGGS

GGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGS

GGGGSGGGGSGGGGS

GGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGS

GGGGSGGGGS

(GGSGG)₂₀
301
100
GGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGG

GGSGGGGSGGGGSGG

GGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGG

GGSGGGGSGGGGSGG

GGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGG

GGSGGGGSGG

Assymetrical
302
9
GGGGSGGGS

linker

A linker, such as a peptide linker disclosed herein, can also be used to connect the VH and VL of an scFv, as mentioned in subsection D above titled “Construct Formats.”

F. Exemplary Multi-Specific Binding Proteins

Listed below in Table 8 are examples of multi-specific binding proteins comprising an scFv that binds CD19, an scFv that binds CD3, and an sdAb that binds serum albumin.

TABLE 8

Exemplary Multi-Specific Binding Proteins

Construct
Format¹
CD19 Binder
CD3 Binder²
HSA Binder

tAb0050 (SEQ
HSA:CD19:CD3
CNG-CD19-701 (SEQ
CNG-CD3-1 (SEQ
CNG-HSA-101 (SEQ

ID NO: 694)

ID NO: 72)
ID NO: 422)
ID NO: 121)

tAb0051 (SEQ
HSA:CD3:CD19
CNG-CD19-701 (SEQ
CNG-CD3-1 (SEQ
CNG-HSA-101 (SEQ

ID NO: 695)

ID NO: 72)
ID NO: 422)
ID NO: 121)

tAb0052 (SEQ
CD19:HSA:CD3
CNG-CD19-701 (SEQ
CNG-CD3-1 (SEQ
CNG-HSA-101 (SEQ

ID NO: 696)

ID NO: 72)
ID NO: 422)
ID NO: 121)

tAb0053 (SEQ
CD3:HSA:CD19
CNG-CD19-701 (SEQ
CNG-CD3-1 (SEQ
CNG-HSA-101 (SEQ

ID NO: 697)

ID NO: 72)
ID NO: 422)
ID NO: 121)

tAb0054 (SEQ
CD19:CD3:HSA
CNG-CD19-701 (SEQ
CNG-CD3-1 (SEQ
CNG-HSA-101 (SEQ

ID NO: 698)

ID NO: 72)
ID NO: 422)
ID NO: 121)

tAb0055 (SEQ
CD3:CD19:HSA
CNG-CD19-701 (SEQ
CNG-CD3-1 (SEQ
CNG-HSA-101 (SEQ

ID NO: 699)

ID NO: 72)
ID NO: 422)
ID NO: 121)

tAb0056 (SEQ
HSA:CD19:CD3
CNG-CD19-101 (SEQ
CNG-CD3-1 (SEQ
CNG-HSA-101 (SEQ

ID NO: 700)

ID NO: 11)
ID NO: 422)
ID NO: 121)

tAb0057 (SEQ
HSA:CD3:CD19
CNG-CD19-101 (SEQ
CNG-CD3-1 (SEQ
CNG-HSA-101 (SEQ

ID NO: 701)

ID NO: 11)
ID NO: 422)
ID NO: 121)

tAb0058 (SEQ
CD3:HSA:CD19
CNG-CD19-101 (SEQ
CNG-CD3-1 (SEQ
CNG-HSA-101 (SEQ

ID NO: 702)

ID NO: 11)
ID NO: 422)
ID NO: 121)

tAb0059 (SEQ
CD19:CD3:HSA
CNG-CD19-101 (SEQ
CNG-CD3-1 (SEQ
CNG-HSA-101 (SEQ

ID NO: 703)

ID NO: 11)
ID NO: 422)
ID NO: 121)

tAb0060 (SEQ
HSA:CD19:CD3
CNG-CD19-701 (SEQ
CNG-CD3-1-DS
CNG-HSA-101 (SEQ

ID NO: 704)

ID NO: 72)
(SEQ ID NO: 423)
ID NO: 121)

tAb0061 (SEQ
HSA:CD19:CD3
CNG-CD19-701 (SEQ
CNG-CD3-2 (SEQ
CNG-HSA-101 (SEQ

ID NO: 705)

ID NO: 72)
ID NO: 427)
ID NO: 121)

tAb0062 (SEQ
HSA:CD19:CD3
CNG-CD19-701 (SEQ
CNG-CD3-2-DS
CNG-HSA-101 (SEQ

ID NO: 706)

ID NO: 72)
(SEQ ID NO: 428)
ID NO: 121)

tAb0063 (SEQ
HSA:CD19:CD3
CNG-CD19-701 (SEQ
CNG-CD3-3 (SEQ
CNG-HSA-101 (SEQ

ID NO: 707)

ID NO: 72)
ID NO: 433)
ID NO: 121)

tAb0064 (SEQ
HSA:CD19:CD3
CNG-CD19-701 (SEQ
CNG-CD3-3-DS
CNG-HSA-101 (SEQ

ID NO: 708)

ID NO: 72)
(SEQ ID NO: 434)
ID NO: 121)

tAb0065 (SEQ
HSA:CD19:CD3
CNG-CD19-101 (SEQ
CNG-CD3-2 (SEQ
CNG-HSA-101 (SEQ

ID NO: 709)

ID NO: 11)
ID NO: 427)
ID NO: 121)

tAb0066 (SEQ
HSA:CD19:CD3
CNG-CD19-101 (SEQ
CNG-CD3-3 (SEQ
CNG-HSA-101 (SEQ

ID NO: 710)

ID NO: 11)
ID NO: 433)
ID NO: 121)

¹The multi-specific binding proteins in this table are present as a single polypeptide. The format shows the order of CD19-binding scFv, the CD3-binding scFv, and the HSA-binding sdAb, from the N-terminus to the C-terminus.

²The CD3-binding scFv sequences can contain or lack Cys substitutions at position 44 of VH and position 100 of VL. As a result, two sequences are provided for scFv derived from each of the antibodies CNG-CD3-1, CNG-CD3-2, and CNG-CD3-3 (see also Table 4).

tAb0050

(SEQ ID NO: 694)

KVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQA

PGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLY

LQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGS

GGGSEIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVGYMHWYQ

QKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISS

LEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEIKGGGGSGGGGS

GGGGSQVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSTMG

VGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWWDDDKRYNPNLKSRVTMSVDT

SKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFDYWGQGTL

VTVSSGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSS

QSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPD

RFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGG

TKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKP

GASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLE

NANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVY

YCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS

tAb0051

(SEQ ID NO: 695)

KVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQA

PGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLY

LQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGS

GGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGK

NYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTD

FTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGG

SGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKA

SGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLENANTIYDAKF

QGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRY

FYDVWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSEIVLTQSPATLSLSPG

ERATLSCSASSSVGYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASG

IPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFT

FGQGTKLEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLQESGPGLVKPS

QTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSTMGVGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWW

DDDKRYNPNLKSRVTMSVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVY

YCARMELWSYYFDYWGQGTLVTVSS

tAb0052

(SEQ ID NO: 696)

EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVGYMHWYQQKPG

QAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLEPE

DFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGG

SQVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSTMGVGWI

RQHPGKGLEWIGFIWWDDDKRYNPNLKSRVTMSVDTSKNQ

FSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFDYWGQGTLVTVS

SGGGGSGGGSKVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFS

SFGMTWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVRGRFTI

SRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQGTL

VTVSSGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSS

QSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPD

RFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGG

TKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKP

GASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLE

NANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVY

YCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS

tAb0053

(SEQ ID NO: 697)

DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLA

WYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLT

ISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGGSGGG

GSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGFN

IKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRV

TITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRYFYDV

WGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSKVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRL

SCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLY

ADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGG

SLSPSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSEIVLTQSPATLSLSPG

ERATLSCSASSSVGYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASG

IPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFT

FGQGTKLEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLQESGPGLVKPS

QTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSTMGVGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWW

DDDKRYNPNLKSRVTMSVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVY

YCARMELWSYYFDYWGQGTLVTVSS

tAb0054

(SEQ ID NO: 698)

EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVGYMHWYQQKPG

QAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLEPE

DFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGG

SQVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSTMGVGWI

RQHPGKGLEWIGFIWWDDDKRYNPNLKSRVTMSVDTSKNQ

FSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFDYWGQGTLVTVS

SGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLL

NARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSG

SGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTKVE

IKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASV

KVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLENANT

IYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCAR

DAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSKVQLVESGGG

LVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQAPGKGLEWVSS

ISGSGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRAED

TAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQGTLVTVSS

tAbOO55

(SEQ ID NO: 699)

DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLA

WYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLT

ISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGGSGGG

GSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGFN

IKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRV

TITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRYFYDV

WGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSEIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERAT

LSCSASSSVGYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPAR

FSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQG

TKLEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLS

LTCTVSGGSISTSTMGVGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWWDDDK

RYNPNLKSRVTMSVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCAR

MELWSYYFDYWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSKVQLVESGGG

LVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQAPGKGLEWVSS

ISGSGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRAED

TAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQGTLVTVSS

tAb0056

(SEQ ID NO: 700)

KVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQA

PGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLY

LQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGS

GGGSDIVMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCKSSQSLETTTGTT

YLNWYLQKPGQSPQLLIYRASKRFSGVPDRFSGSGSGTDF

TLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCLQLLEDPYTFGCGTKLEIKGGGG

SGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYDF

TDYIMHWVRQAPGQCLEWMGYINPYNDGSKYTDKFQERVT

MTSDTSISTAYMELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGPELFD

YWGQGTTVTVSSGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERA

TINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWAST

RESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYS

RRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQS

GAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEW

MGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLR

SEDTAVYYCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS

tAb0057

(SEQ ID NO: 701)

KVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQA

PGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLY

LQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGS

GGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGK

NYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTD

FTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGG

SGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKA

SGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLENANTIYDAKF

QGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRY

FYDVWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQTPLSLSVTPG

QPASISCKSSQSLETTTGTTYLNWYLQKPGQSPQLLIYRA

SKRFSGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCLQL

LEDPYTFGCGTKLEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGA

EVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYDFTDYIMHWVRQAPGQCLEWMG

YINPYNDGSKYTDKFQERVTMTSDTSISTAYMELSRLRSD

DTAVYYCARGTYYYGPELFDYWGQGTTVTVSS

tAb0058

(SEQ ID NO: 702)

DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLA

WYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLT

ISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGGSGGG

GSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGFN

IKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRV

TITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRYFYDV

WGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSKVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRL

SCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLY

ADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGG

SLSPSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQTPLSLSVTPG

QPASISCKSSQSLETTTGTTYLNWYLQKPGQSPQLLIYRA

SKRFSGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCLQL

LEDPYTFGCGTKLEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGA

EVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYDFTDYIMHWVRQAPGQCLEWMG

YINPYNDGSKYTDKFQERVTMTSDTSISTAYMELSRLRSD

DTAVYYCARGTYYYGPELFDYWGQGTTVTVSS

tAb0059

(SEQ ID NO: 703)

DIVMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCKSSQSLETTTGTTYLNW

YLQKPGQSPQLLIYRASKRFSGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKI

SRVEAEDVGVYYCLQLLEDPYTFGCGTKLEIKGGGGSGGG

GSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYDFTDYI

MHWVRQAPGQCLEWMGYINPYNDGSKYTDKFQERVTMTSD

TSISTAYMELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGPELFDYWGQ

GTTVTVSSGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINC

KSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESG

VPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTF

GGGTKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEV

KKPGASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWI

DLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDT

AVYYCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSKVQ

LVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQAPGK

GLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQM

NSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQGTLVTVSS

tAb0060

(SEQ ID NO: 704)

KVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQA

PGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLY

LQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGS

GGGSEIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVGYMHWYQ

QKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISS

LEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEIKGGGGSGGGGS

GGGGSQVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSTMG

VGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWWDDDKRYNPNLKSRVTMSVDT

SKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFDYWGQGTL

VTVSSGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSS

QSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPD

RFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGCG

TKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKP

GASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQCLEWMGWIDLE

NANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVY

YCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS

tAb0061

(SEQ ID NO: 705)

KVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQA

PGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLY

LQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGS

GGGSEIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVGYMHWYQ

QKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISS

LEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEIKGGGGSGGGGS

GGGGSQVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSTMG

VGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWWDDDKRYNPNLKSRVTMSVDT

SKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFDYWGQGTL

VTVSSGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSS

QSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPD

RFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGG

TKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKP

GASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLE

NANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVY

YCARDQYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS

tAb0062

(SEQ ID NO: 706)

KVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQA

PGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLY

LQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGS

GGGSEIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVGYMHWYQ

QKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISS

LEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEIKGGGGSGGGGS

GGGGSQVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSTMG

VGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWWDDDKRYNPNLKSRVTMSVDT

SKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFDYWGQGTL

VTVSSGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSS

QSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPD

RFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGCG

TKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKP

GASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQCLEWMGWIDLE

NANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVY

YCARDQYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS

tAb0063

(SEQ ID NO: 707)

KVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQA

PGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLY

LQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGS

GGGSEIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVGYMHWYQ

QKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISS

LEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEIKGGGGSGGGGS

GGGGSQVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSTMG

VGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWWDDDKRYNPNLKSRVTMSVDT

SKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFDYWGQGTL

VTVSSGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSS

QSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPD

RFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSLRTFGGG

TKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKP

GASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLE

EGNTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVY

YCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS

tAb0064

(SEQ ID NO: 708)

KVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQA

PGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLY

LQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGS

GGGSEIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVGYMHWYQ

QKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISS

LEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEIKGGGGSGGGGS

GGGGSQVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSTMG

VGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWWDDDKRYNPNLKSRVTMSVDT

SKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFDYWGQGTL

VTVSSGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSS

QSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPD

RFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSLRTFGCG

TKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKP

GASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQCLEWMGWIDLE

EGNTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVY

YCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS

tAb0065

(SEQ ID NO: 709)

KVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQA

PGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLY

LQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGS

GGGSDIVMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCKSSQSLETTTGTT

YLNWYLQKPGQSPQLLIYRASKRFSGVPDRFSGSGSGTDF

TLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCLQLLEDPYTFGCGTKLEIKGGGG

SGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYDF

TDYIMHWVRQAPGQCLEWMGYINPYNDGSKYTDKFQERVT

MTSDTSISTAYMELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGPELFD

YWGQGTTVTVSSGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERA

TINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWAST

RESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYS

RRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQS

GAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEW

MGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLR

SEDTAVYYCARDQYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS

tAb0066

(SEQ ID NO: 710)

KVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMTWVRQA

PGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVRGRFTISRDNSKNTLY

LQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSPSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGS

GGGSDIVMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCKSSQSLETTTGTT

YLNWYLQKPGQSPQLLIYRASKRFSGVPDRFSGSGSGTDF

TLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCLQLLEDPYTFGCGTKLEIKGGGG

SGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYDF

TDYIMHWVRQAPGQCLEWMGYINPYNDGSKYTDKFQERVT

MTSDTSISTAYMELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGPELFD

YWGQGTTVTVSSGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERA

TINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWAST

RESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYS

LRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQS

GAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEW

MGWIDLEEGNTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLR

SEDTAVYYCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS

The antigen-binding sites listed in a given row of Table 8 can be linked, in the orientation specified in the row, through peptide linkers described in subsection E above. In certain embodiments, at least two adjacent antigen-binding sites are linked by a peptide linker having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 302. In certain embodiments, each two adjacent antigen-binding sites are linked by a peptide linker having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 302, thereby forming a multi-specific binding protein present in a single polypeptide.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, SEQ ID NOs: 121, 72, and 422. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 694.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, SEQ ID NOs: 121, 422, and 72. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 695.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, SEQ ID NOs: 72, 121, and 422. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 696.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, SEQ ID NOs: 422, 121, and 72. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 697.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, SEQ ID NOs: 72, 422, and 121. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 698.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, SEQ ID NOs: 422, 72, and 121. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 699.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, SEQ ID NOs: 121, 11, and 422. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 700.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, SEQ ID NOs: 121, 422, and 11. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 701.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, SEQ ID NOs: 422, 121, and 11. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 702.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, SEQ ID NOs: 11, 422, and 121. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 703.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, SEQ ID NOs: 121, 72, and 423. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 704.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, SEQ ID NOs: 121, 72, and 427. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 705.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, SEQ ID NOs: 121, 72, and 428. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 706.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, SEQ ID NOs: 121, 72, and 433. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 707.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, SEQ ID NOs: 121, 72, and 434. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 708.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, SEQ ID NOs: 121, 11, and 427. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 709.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, SEQ ID NOs: 121, 11, and 433. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 710.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises an antigen-binding site that binds CD19 as disclosed herein, an antigen-binding site that binds CD3, and a half-life extension domain comprising an antibody Fc region. The multi-specific binding protein can take various formats to combine the antigen-binding sites and the Fc region.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises an anti-CD19 antibody in an IgG antibody format fused with a CD3-binding scFv at the C-terminus of the IgG Fc region. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises a first polypeptide chain comprising, from the N-terminus to the C-terminus, the VH of an antigen-binding site that binds CD19, CH1 domain, hinge, CH2 domain, and CH3 domain of an IgG antibody (e.g., human IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, or IgG4), and an scFv that binds CD3; and a second polypeptide chain comprising, from the N-terminus to the C-terminus, the VL of the antigen-binding site that binds CD19 and light chain constant (CL) domain of the IgG antibody. In certain embodiments, the scFv that binds CD3 comprises a VL domain positioned N-terminal to a VH domain. In certain embodiments, the IgG antibody is a human IgG1 antibody. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises two of the first polypeptide chain and two of the second polypeptide chain, thereby forming a dimeric antibody Fc region.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises CNG-CD19-701 as the CD19-binding domain and CNG-CD3-1 as the CD3-binding domain. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises polypeptide chains having the two amino acid sequences below:

CNG-CD19-701-VH_CH1_Fc_CNG-CD3-1-VL_

CNG-CD3-1-VH

(SEQ ID NO: 712)

QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSTMG

VGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWWDDDKRYNPNLKSRVT

MSVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSY

YFDYWGQGTLVTVSSASTKGPSVFPLAPSSKSTSG

GTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPA

VLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTQTYICNVNHKPS

NTKVDKKVEPKSCDKTHTCPPCPAPEAAGGPSVFL

FPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVKFNW

YVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQYNSTYRVVSVLTVLHQD

WLNGKEYKCKVSNKALAAPIEKTISKAKGQPREPQ

VYTLPPSRDELTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWE

SNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRW

QQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGKSGDIV

MTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNY

LAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGS

GTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTK

VEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEV

KKPGASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLE

WMGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYM

ELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVT

VSS

CNG-CD19-701-VL_CL

(SEQ ID NO: 713)

EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVGYMHWY

QQKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDF

TLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEI

KRTVAAPSVFIFPPSDEQLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYP

REAKVQWKVDNALQSGNSQESVTEQDSKDSTYSLS

STLTLSKADYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNR

GEC

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises CNG-CD19-701 as the CD19-binding domain and CNG-CD3-2 as the CD3-binding domain. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises polypeptide chains having the two amino acid sequences below:

CNG-CD19-701-VH_CH1_Fc_CNG-CD3-2-VL_

CNG-CD3-2-VH

(SEQ ID NO: 714)

QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSTMG

VGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWWDDDKRYNPNLKSRVT

MSVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSY

YFDYWGQGTLVTVSSASTKGPSVFPLAPSSKSTSG

GTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPA

VLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTQTYICNVNHKPS

NTKVDKKVEPKSCDKTHTCPPCPAPEAAGGPSVFL

FPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVKFNW

YVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQYNSTYRVVSVLTVLHQD

WLNGKEYKCKVSNKALAAPIEKTISKAKGQPREPQ

VYTLPPSRDELTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWE

SNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRW

QQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGKSGDIV

MTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNY

LAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGS

GTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTK

VEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEV

KKPGASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLE

WMGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYM

ELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDQYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVT

VSS

CNG-CD19-701-VL_CL

(SEQ ID NO: 713)

EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVGYMHWY

QQKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDF

TLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEI

KRTVAAPSVFIFPPSDEQLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYP

REAKVQWKVDNALQSGNSQESVTEQDSKDSTYSLS

STLTLSKADYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNR

GEC

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific

binding protein comprises CNG-CD19-701 as

the CD19-binding domain and CNG-CD3-3 as

the CD3-binding domain. In certain embodiments,

the multi-specific binding protein comprises

polypeptide chains having the two

amino acid sequences below:

CNG-CD19-701-VH_CH1_Fc_CNG-CD3-

3-VL_CNG-CD3-3-VH

(SEP ID NO: 715)

QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSTMG

VGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWWDDDKRYNPNLKSRVT

MSVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSY

YFDYWGQGTLVTVSSASTKGPSVFPLAPSSKSTSG

GTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPA

VLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTQTYICNVNHKPS

NTKVDKKVEPKSCDKTHTCPPCPAPEAAGGPSVFL

FPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVKFNW

YVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQYNSTYRVVSVLTVLHQD

WLNGKEYKCKVSNKALAAPIEKTISKAKGQPREPQ

VYTLPPSRDELTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWE

SNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRW

QQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGKSGDIV

MTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNY

LAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGS

GTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSLRTFGGGTK

VEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEV

KKPGASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLE

WMGWIDLEEGNTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYM

ELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVT

VSS

CNG-CD19-701-VL_CL

(SEQ ID NO: 713)

EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVGYMHWY

QQKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDF

TLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEI

KRTVAAPSVFIFPPSDEQLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYP

REAKVQWKVDNALQSGNSQESVTEQDSKDSTYSLS

STLTLSKADYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNR

GEC

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises an anti-CD19 antibody in an IgG antibody format fused with a CD3-binding scFv at the C-terminus of the IgG light chain constant region. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises a first polypeptide chain comprising, from the N-terminus to the C-terminus, the VH of an antigen-binding site that binds CD19, CH1 domain, hinge, CH2 domain, and CH3 domain of an IgG antibody (e.g., human IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, or IgG4); and a second polypeptide chain comprising, from the N-terminus to the C-terminus, the VL of the antigen-binding site that binds CD19, light chain constant (CL) domain of the IgG antibody, and an scFv that binds CD3. In certain embodiments, the scFv that binds CD3 comprises a VL domain positioned N-terminal to a VH domain. In certain embodiments, the IgG antibody is a human IgG1 antibody. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises two of the first polypeptide chain and two of the second polypeptide chain, thereby forming a dimeric antibody Fc region.

CNG-CD19-701-VH_CH1_Fc

(SEQ ID NO: 716)

QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSTMG

VGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWWDDDKRYNPNLKSRVT

MSVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSY

YFDYWGQGTLVTVSSASTKGPSVFPLAPSSKSTSG

GTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPA

VLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTQTYICNVNHKPS

NTKVDKKVEPKSCDKTHTCPPCPAPEAAGGPSVFL

FPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVKFNW

YVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQYNSTYRVVSVLTVLHQD

WLNGKEYKCKVSNKALAAPIEKTISKAKGQPREPQ

VYTLPPSRDELTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWE

SNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRW

QQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK

CNG-CD19-701-VL_CL_CNG-CD3-1-VL_

CNG-CD3-1-VH

(SEQ ID NO: 717)

EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVGYMHWY

QQKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDF

TLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEI

KRTVAAPSVFIFPPSDEQLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYP

REAKVQWKVDNALQSGNSQESVTEQDSKDSTYSLS

STLTLSKADYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNR

GECGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGE

RATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKL

LIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAE

DVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGGSGGGGS

GGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKAS

GFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLENANTIY

DAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYY

CARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS

CNG-CD19-701-VH_CH1_Fc

(SEQ ID NO: 716)

QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSTMG

VGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWWDDDKRYNPNLKSRVT

MSVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSY

YFDYWGQGTLVTVSSASTKGPSVFPLAPSSKSTSG

GTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPA

VLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTQTYICNVNHKPS

NTKVDKKVEPKSCDKTHTCPPCPAPEAAGGPSVFL

FPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVKFNW

YVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQYNSTYRVVSVLTVLHQD

WLNGKEYKCKVSNKALAAPIEKTISKAKGQPREPQ

VYTLPPSRDELTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWE

SNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRW

QQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK

CNG-CD19-701-VL_CL_CNG-CD3-2-

VL_CNG-CD3-2-VH

(SEQ ID NO: 718)

EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVGYMHWY

QQKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDF

TLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEI

KRTVAAPSVFIFPPSDEQLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYP

REAKVQWKVDNALQSGNSQESVTEQDSKDSTYSLS

STLTLSKADYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNR

GECGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGE

RATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKL

LIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAE

DVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGGSGGGGS

GGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKAS

GFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLENANTIY

DAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYY

CARDQYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises CNG-CD19-701 as the CD19-binding domain and CNG-CD3-3 as the CD3-binding domain. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein comprises polypeptide chains having the two amino acid sequences below:

CNG-CD19-701-VH_CH1_Fc

(SEQ ID NO: 716)

QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSTMG

VGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGFIWWDDDKRYNPNLKSRVT

MSVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSY

YFDYWGQGTLVTVSSASTKGPSVFPLAPSSKSTSG

GTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPA

VLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTQTYICNVNHKPS

NTKVDKKVEPKSCDKTHTCPPCPAPEAAGGPSVFL

FPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVKFNW

YVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQYNSTYRVVSVLTVLHQD

WLNGKEYKCKVSNKALAAPIEKTISKAKGQPREPQ

VYTLPPSRDELTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWE

SNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRW

QQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK

CNG-CD19-701-VL_CL_CNG-CD3-3-

VL_CNG-CD3-3-VH

(SEQ ID NO: 719)

EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVGYMHWY

QQKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDF

TLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEI

KRTVAAPSVFIFPPSDEQLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYP

REAKVQWKVDNALQSGNSQESVTEQDSKDSTYSLS

STLTLSKADYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNR

GECGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGE

RATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKL

LIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAE

DVAVYYCKQSYSLRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGGSGGGGS

GGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKAS

GFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLEEGNTIY

DAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYY

CARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSS

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein disclosed herein further comprises a tag peptide, for example, a Flag tag, a 6×His tag, or 10×His tag (HHHHHHHHHH, SEQ ID NO: 711). Such tag peptides are useful for purifying the multi-specific binding protein. In certain embodiments, the tag peptide (e.g., the 10×His tag) is positioned at the C-terminus of the multi-specific binding protein. In certain embodiments, the tag peptide (e.g., the 10×His tag) is positioned at the N-terminus of the multi-specific binding protein.

G. Binding Affinity

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein binds CD19 (e.g., human CD19), CD3 (e.g., human CD3 and/or Macaca CD3), and/or serum albumin (e.g., HSA) with a K_Din the range of about 5 pM-about 100 pM. The K_Dcan be measured by a method known in the art, such as by SPR, BLI, or by flow cytometry as described in Example 1, 2, or 7 below.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein binds CD19, CD3, and/or serum albumin with a K_Dlower than or equal to (i.e., binding stronger than or equal to) 20 nM, 15 nM, 10 nM, 9 nM, 8 nM, 7 nM, 6 nM, 5 nM, 4 nM, 3 nM, 2 nM, 1 nM, 0.9 nM, 0.8 nM, 0.7 nM, 0.6 nM, 0.5 nM, 0.4 nM, 0.3 nM, 0.2 nM, 0.1 nM, 90 pM, 80 pM, 70 pM, 60 pM, 50 pM, 40 pM, 30 pM, 20 pM, or 10 pM. For example, in certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein binds CD19, CD3, and/or serum albumin with a K_Din the range of about 10 pM-about 1 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.9 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.8 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.7 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.6 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.5 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.4 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.3 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.2 nM, about 10 pM-about 0.1 nM, about 10 pM-about 50 pM, 0.1 nM-about 10 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 9 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 8 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 7 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 6 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 5 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 4 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 3 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 2 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 1 nM, about 0.1 nM-about 0.5 nM, about 0.5 nM-about 10 nM, about 1 nM-about 10 nM, about 2 nM-about 10 nM, about 3 nM-about 10 nM, about 4 nM-about 10 nM, about 5 nM-about 10 nM, about 6 nM-about 10 nM, about 7 nM-about 10 nM, about 8 nM-about 10 nM, or about 9 nM-about 10 nM.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein binds CD19, CD3, and/or serum albumin with a K_Dgreater than or equal to (i.e., binding weaker than or equal to) 10 nM, 20 nM, 30 nM, 40 nM, 50 nM, 60 nM, 70 nM, 80 nM, 90 nM, or 100 nM. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein binds CD19, CD3, and/or serum albumin with a K_Din the range of about 10 nM-about 1000 nM, about 10 nM-about 900 nM, about 10 nM-about 800 nM, about 10 nM-about 700 nM, about 10 nM-about 600 nM, about 10 nM-about 500 nM, about 10 nM-about 400 nM, about 10 nM-about 300 nM, about 10 nM-about 200 nM, about 10 nM-about 100 nM, about 10 nM-about 50 nM, about 50 nM-about 1000 nM, about 100 nM-about 1000 nM, about 200 nM-about 1000 nM, about 300 nM-about 1000 nM, about 400 nM-about 1000 nM, about 500 nM-about 1000 nM, about 600 nM-about 1000 nM, about 700 nM-about 1000 nM, about 800 nM-about 1000 nM, or about 900 nM-about 1000 nM.

In certain embodiments, the K_Dof binding to CD19 or CD3 is measured in the absence of serum albumin (e.g., HSA). In certain embodiments, the K_Dof binding to CD19 or CD3 is measured in substantial absence of serum albumin (e.g., HSA). In certain embodiments, the K_Dof binding to CD19 or CD3 is measured in the presence of serum albumin (e.g., HSA), for example, in the presence of about 10 mg/mL, 15 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL, 30 mg/mL, 35 mg/mL, 40 mg/mL, 45 mg/mL, or 50 mg/mL serum albumin (e.g., HSA).

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein of the present disclosure binds CD19, CD3, and/or serum albumin with a similar K_Dvalue to that of the respective antigen-binding site alone or a monoclonal antibody having the same antigen-binding site. In certain embodiments, the K_Dvalue of the multi-specific binding protein to CD19, CD3, and/or serum albumin is increased by no more than 1.5 fold, 2 fold, 3 fold, 4 fold, 5 fold, 6 fold, 7 fold, 8 fold, 9 fold, 10 fold, 15 fold, 20 fold, 25 fold, 30 fold, 35 fold, 40 fold, 45 fold, or 50 fold compared to that of the respective antigen-binding site alone or a monoclonal antibody having the same antigen-binding site.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein of the present disclosure binds CD19 and/or CD3 with a similar K_Dvalue in the presence of serum albumin to that in the absence or substantial absence of serum albumin. In certain embodiments, the K_Dvalue of the multi-specific binding protein for binding CD19 and/or CD3 in the presence of serum albumin is increased by no more than 1.5 fold, 2 fold, 3 fold, 4 fold, 5 fold, 6 fold, 7 fold, 8 fold, 9 fold, 10 fold, 15 fold, 20 fold, 25 fold, 30 fold, 35 fold, 40 fold, 45 fold, or 50 fold compared to that in the absence or substantial absence of serum albumin.

H. Therapeutic Activities

The multi-specific binding protein disclosed herein is designed to simultaneously bind B cells and T cells. Recruitment of T cells facilitates lysis of the B cells involving cytolytic synapse formation and delivery of perforin and granzymes. The engaged T cells are capable of serial target cell lysis, and are not affected by immune escape mechanisms interfering with peptide antigen processing and presentation, or clonal T cell differentiation; see, for example, WO2007042261A2. Accordingly, binding of the multi-specific binding proteins to the target B cells destroys the target cells and/or impairs the progression of B cell related diseases.

Cytotoxicity mediated by multi-specific binding proteins of the invention can be measured in various ways in vitro. Effector cells can be e.g., stimulated enriched (human) CD8 positive T cells or unstimulated (human) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). If the target cells are of macaque origin or express or are transfected with macaque target cell surface antigen which is bound by the first domain, the effector cells should also be of macaque origin such as a macaque T cell line, e.g., 4119 LnPx. The target cells should express CD19, e.g., human or macaque CD19. The target cells can be a cell line (such as CHO) which is stably or transiently transfected with CD19. Alternatively, the target cells can be a cell line naturally expressing CD19, such as B lymphocytes. The effector to target cell (E:T) ratio is usually about 10:1, but can also vary. Killing of the target cells can be measured in a ⁵¹Cr-release assay (incubation time of about 18 hours) or in a in a FACS-based cytotoxicity assay (incubation time of about 48 hours). Other methods of measuring cell death are well-known to the skilled person, such as MTT or MTS assays, ATP-based assays including bioluminescent assays, the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, WST assay, clonogenic assay and the ECIS technology.

In certain embodiments, the cytotoxic activity mediated by the multi-specific binding protein disclosed herein is measured in a cell-based cytotoxicity assay described above. It is represented by the EC₅₀value, which corresponds to the half maximal effective concentration (concentration of the multi-specific binding protein which induces a cytotoxic response halfway between the baseline and maximum). In certain embodiments, the EC₅₀value of the multi-specific binding proteins is ≤5000 pM, for example, ≤4000 pM, ≤3000 pM, ≤2000 pM, ≤1000 pM, ≤500 pM, ≤400 pM, ≤300 pM, ≤200 pM, ≤100 pM, ≤50 pM, ≤20 pM, ≤10 pM, ≤5 pM, ≤4 pM, ≤3 pM, ≤2 pM, or ≤1 pM.

It is understood that an EC₅₀value is generally lower when stimulated/enriched CD8⁺ T cells are used as effector cells, compared with unstimulated PBMC. It is further understood that the EC₅₀value is generally lower when the target cells express a high level of the target cell surface antigen compared with a low level of the target antigen. For example, when stimulated/enriched human CD8⁺ T cells are used as effector cells (and either target cell surface antigen transfected cells such as CHO cells or target cell surface antigen positive human cell lines are used as target cells), the EC₅₀value of multi-specific binding protein is ≤1000 pM, for example, ≤500 pM, ≤250 pM, ≤100 pM, ≤50 pM, ≤10 pM, or ≤5 pM. When human PBMCs are used as effector cells, the EC₅₀value of the multi-specific binding protein is ≤5000 pM, for example, ≤4000 pM, ≤2000 pM, ≤1000 pM, ≤500 pM, ≤200 pM, ≤150 pM, ≤100 pM, ≤50 pM, ≤10 pM, or ≤5 pM. When a macaque T cell line such as LnPx4119 is used as effector cells, and a macaque target cell surface antigen transfected cell line such as CHO cells is used as target cell line, the EC₅₀value of the multi-specific binding protein is ≤2000 pM, for example, ≤1500 pM, ≤1000 pM, ≤500 pM, ≤300 pM, ≤250 pM, ≤100 pM, ≤50 pM, ≤10 pM, or ≤5 pM.

Accordingly, in certain embodiments, the EC₅₀value is measured using stimulated/enriched human CD8⁺ T cells as effector cells. In certain embodiments, the EC₅₀value is measured using human PBMCs as effector cells. In certain embodiments, the EC₅₀value is measured using a macaque T cell line such as LnPx4119 as effector cells and cells (e.g., CHO cells) engineered to express macaque CD19 as target cells.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein of the present invention does not induce or mediate lysis of cells that do not express CD19. The term “does not induce lysis” or “does not mediate lysis,” or grammatical equivalents thereof, means that the multi-specific binding protein, at a concentration of up to 500 nM, does not induce or mediate lysis of more than 30%, for example, no more than 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6% or 5% of cells that do not express CD19, whereby lysis of a cell line that expresses CD19 is set to be 100%.

In certain embodiments, a multi-specific binding protein disclosed herein is more effective in killing CD19-expressing cells (e.g., cancer cells) than the corresponding respective anti-CD19 or anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody at the same molar concentration. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein is more effective in killing CD19-expressing cells (e.g., cancer cells) than a combination of the corresponding respective anti-CD19 and anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies each at the same molar concentration.

The cytotoxic activity of the multi-specific binding protein can be measured in the presence or absence of serum albumin (e.g., HSA). In certain embodiments, the cytotoxic activity disclosed above is measured in the absence of serum albumin (e.g., HSA). In certain embodiments, the cytotoxic activity disclosed above is measured in substantial absence of serum albumin (e.g., HSA). In certain embodiments, the cytotoxic activity disclosed above is measured in the presence of serum albumin (e.g., HSA), for example, in the presence of about 10 mg/mL, 15 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL, 30 mg/mL, 35 mg/mL, 40 mg/mL, 45 mg/mL, or 50 mg/mL serum albumin (e.g., HSA).

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein of the present disclosure kills CD19-expressing cells with a similar EC₅₀value in the presence of serum albumin to that in the absence or substantial absence of serum albumin. In certain embodiments, the EC₅₀value of the multi-specific binding protein for killing CD19-expressing cells in the presence of serum albumin is increased by no more than 1.5 fold, 2 fold, 3 fold, 4 fold, 5 fold, 6 fold, 7 fold, 8 fold, 9 fold, 10 fold, 15 fold, 20 fold, 25 fold, 30 fold, 35 fold, 40 fold, 45 fold, or 50 fold compared to that in the absence or substantial absence of serum albumin. It is understood that the presence of serum albumin (e.g., about 10 mg/mL, 15 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL, 30 mg/mL, 35 mg/mL, 40 mg/mL, 45 mg/mL, or 50 mg/mL serum albumin) may also alter the EC₅₀value of a multi-specific binding protein nonspecifically. The nonspecific effect can be assessed by comparing the EC₅₀values of a control protein, which does not contain a serum albumin binding domain, in the presence and absence of serum albumin. In certain embodiments, the fold change is offset by the nonspecific effect of serum albumin on a control protein, such as a bispecific protein that binds CD19 and CD3.

I. Construct Size

In certain embodiments, the molecular weight of the multi-specific binding protein is from about 40 kD to about 100 kD. In certain embodiments, the molecular weight of the multi-specific binding protein is at least 60 kD, at least 65 kD, at least 70 kD, at least 75 kD, at least 80 kD, at least 85 kD, at least 90 kD, or at least 95 kD. It is understood that smaller size generally contributes to faster diffusion and tissue penetration, but size reduction may not be as critical for the purpose of treating the indications with substantial presence of target cells (e.g., cancer cells) in the blood.

In certain embodiments, the molecular weight of the multi-specific binding protein is from about 40 kD to about 90 kD, from about 40 kD to about 80 kD, from about 40 kD to about 70 kD, from about 40 kD to about 60 kD, from about 40 kD to about 50 kD, from about 50 kD to about 100 kD, from about 50 kD to about 90 kD, from about 50 kD to about 80 kD, from about 50 kD to about 70 kD, from about 50 kD to about 60 kD, from about 60 kD to about 100 kD, from about 60 kD to about 90 kD, from about 60 kD to about 80 kD, from about 60 kD to about 70 kD, from about 65 kD to about 100 kD, from about 65 kD to about 90 kD, from about 65 kD to about 80 kD, from about 65 kD to about 70 kD, from about 70 kD to about 100 kD, from about 70 kD to about 90 kD, from about 70 kD to about 80 kD, from about 80 kD to about 100 kD, from about 80 kD to about 90 kD, or from about 90 kD to about 100 kD. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein is lower than 40 kD. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein is about 50 kD-about 90 kD, about 50 kD-about 80 kD, about 50 kD-about 70 kD, about 50 kD-about 60 kD, about 60 kD-about 90 kD, about 60 kD-about 80 kD, about 60 kD-about 70 kD, about 65 kD-about 90 kD, about 65 kD-about 80 kD, about 65 kD-about 70 kD, about 70 kD-about 90 kD, or about 70 kD-about 80 kD.

J. Serum Half-Life

Fusion proteins have been developed to increase the in vivo half-life of a small protein, particularly an antibody fragment. For example, fusion with a heterodimeric antibody Fc region, such as an Fc with one or more mutations that extend the in vivo half-life, is described in U.S. Patent Application Publication Nos. US20140302037A1, US20140308285A1, and PCT Publication Nos. WO2014144722A2, WO2014151910A1 and WO2015048272A1. An alternative strategy is fusion with human serum albumin (HSA) or an HSA-binding peptide (see, e.g., PCT Publication Nos. WO2013128027A1 and WO2014140358A1). The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) appears to be involved in prolonging the life-span of albumin in circulation (see, Chaudhury et al. (2003) J. Exp. Med., 3: 315-22). Albumin and IgG bind noncooperatively to distinct sites of FcRn and form a ti-molecular (see id.). Binding of human FcRn to HSA and to human IgG is pH dependent, stronger at acidic pH and weaker at neutral or physiological pH (see id.). This observation suggests that proteins and protein complexes containing albumin, similar to those containing IgG (particularly Fc), are protected from degradation through pH-sensitive interaction with FcRn (see id.). Using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to measure the capacity of individual HSA domains to bind immobilized soluble human FcRn, it has been shown that FcRn and albumin interact via the D-III domain of albumin in a pH-dependent manner, on a site distinct from the IgG binding site (see, Chaudhury et al. (2006) Biochemistry 45:4983-90 and PCT Publication No. WO2008068280A1).

The present disclosure provides multi-specific binding proteins with extended half-life. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein has a serum half-life of at least 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, or 96 hours. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein has a serum half-life of at least about 50 hours. In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein has a serum half-life of at least about 100 hours. Methods of measuring serum half-life are known in the art, and exemplary methods are described in Example 6. In certain embodiments, the serum half-life is measured in a non-human primate. In certain embodiments, the serum half-life is measured in human.

In certain embodiments, 50 hours after intravenous administration to a subject, the serum concentration of the multi-specific binding protein is at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90% of the serum concentration of the multi-specific binding protein 1 hour after the administration in said subject.

In certain embodiments, the multi-specific binding protein has a serum half-life that is at least 20% longer than a control multi-specific binding protein, wherein the control multi-specific binding protein includes a first domain identical to the first antigen-binding site of the multi-specific binding protein, a second domain identical to the second antigen-binding site of the multi-specific binding protein, but not a third domain identical or substantially identical to the third antigen-binding site of the multi-specific binding protein. In certain embodiments, the control multi-specific binding protein is identical to the multi-specific binding protein but for the absence of the half-life extension domain. In certain embodiments, the serum half-life of the multi-specific binding protein is at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90% longer than the serum half-life of the control multi-specific binding protein. In certain embodiments, the serum half-life of the multi-specific binding protein is longer than the serum half-life of the control multi-specific binding protein by at least 2 fold, at least 3 fold, at least 4 fold, at least 5 fold, at least 6 fold, at least 7 fold, at least 8 fold, at least 9 fold, or at least 10 fold.

III. Methods of Preparation

The antibodies and multi-specific binding proteins described above can be made using recombinant DNA technology well known to a skilled person in the art. For example, one or more isolated polynucleotides encoding the antibody or the multi-specific binding protein can be ligated to other appropriate nucleotide sequences, including, for example, constant region coding sequences, and expression control sequences, to produce conventional gene expression constructs (i.e., expression vectors) encoding the desired antibodies or multi-specific binding proteins. Production of defined gene constructs is within routine skill in the art.

Nucleic acids encoding desired antibodies or multi-specific binding proteins can be incorporated (ligated) into expression vectors, which can be introduced into host cells through conventional transfection or transformation techniques. Exemplary host cells are E. coli cells, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK 293) cells, HeLa cells, baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells, monkey kidney cells (COS), human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (e.g., Hep G2), and myeloma cells that do not otherwise produce IgG protein. Transformed host cells can be grown under conditions that permit the host cells to express the genes that encode the antibodies or multi-specific binding proteins.

Specific expression and purification conditions will vary depending upon the expression system employed. For example, if a gene is to be expressed in E. coli, it is first cloned into an expression vector by positioning the engineered gene downstream from a suitable bacterial promoter, e.g., Trp or Tac, and a prokaryotic signal sequence. The expressed protein may be secreted. The expressed protein may accumulate in refractile or inclusion bodies, which can be harvested after disruption of the cells by French press or sonication. The refractile bodies then are solubilized, and the protein may be refolded and/or cleaved by methods known in the art.

If the engineered gene is to be expressed in eukaryotic host cells, e.g., CHO cells, it is first inserted into an expression vector containing a suitable eukaryotic promoter, a secretion signal, a poly A sequence, and a stop codon. Optionally, the vector or gene construct may contain enhancers and introns. In embodiments involving fusion proteins comprising an antibody or portion thereof, the expression vector optionally contains sequences encoding all or part of a constant region, enabling an entire, or a part of, a heavy or light chain to be expressed. The gene construct can be introduced into eukaryotic host cells using conventional techniques.

The antibodies or multi-specific binding protein disclosed herein may comprise a single polypeptide chain. In this instance, a host cell can be transfected with a single vector expressing the polypeptide (e.g., containing an expression control sequence operably linked to a nucleotide sequence encoding the polypeptide). Alternatively, the antibodies or multi-specific binding proteins disclosed herein may comprise two or more polypeptides. In this instance, a host cell can be co-transfected with more than one expression vector, for example, one expression vector expressing each polypeptide. A host cell can also be transfected with a single expression vector that expresses the two or more polypeptides. For example, the coding sequences of the two or more polypeptides can be operably linked to different expression control sequences (e.g., promoter, enhancer, and/or internal ribosome entry site (IRES)). The coding sequences of the two or more polypeptides can also be separated by a ribosomal skipping sequence or self-cleaving sequence, such as a 2A peptide.

In certain embodiments, in order to express an antibody or multi-specific binding protein, an N-terminal signal sequence is included in the protein construct. Exemplary N-terminal signal sequences include signal sequences from interleukin-2, CD-5, IgG kappa light chain, trypsinogen, serum albumin, and prolactin.

After transfection, single clones can be isolated for cell bank generation using methods known in the art, such as limited dilution, ELISA, FACS, microscopy, or Clonepix. Clones can be cultured under conditions suitable for bio-reactor scale-up and maintained expression of the antibodies or multi-specific binding proteins.

The antibodies or multi-specific binding proteins can be isolated and purified using methods known in the art including centrifugation, depth filtration, cell lysis, homogenization, freeze-thawing, affinity purification, gel filtration, ion exchange chromatography, hydrophobic interaction exchange chromatography, and mixed-mode chromatography.

IV. Pharmaceutical Compositions

The present disclosure also features pharmaceutical compositions that contain a therapeutically effective amount of the antibodies or multi-specific binding proteins described herein. The composition can be formulated for use in a variety of drug delivery systems. One or more physiologically acceptable excipients or carriers can also be included in the composition for proper formulation. Suitable formulations for use in the present disclosure are found in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mack Publishing Company, Philadelphia, Pa., 17th ed., 1985. For a brief review of methods for drug delivery, see, e.g., Langer (Science 249:1527-1533, 1990).

In certain embodiments, a pharmaceutical composition may contain formulation materials for modifying, maintaining or preserving, for example, the pH, osmolarity, viscosity, clarity, color, isotonicity, odor, sterility, stability, rate of dissolution or release, adsorption or penetration of the composition. In such embodiments, suitable formulation materials include, but are not limited to, amino acids (such as glycine, glutamine, asparagine, arginine or lysine); antimicrobials; antioxidants (such as ascorbic acid, sodium sulfite or sodium hydrogen-sulfite); buffers (such as borate, bicarbonate, Tris-HCl, citrates, phosphates or other organic acids); bulking agents (such as mannitol or glycine); chelating agents (such as ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA)); complexing agents (such as caffeine, polyvinylpyrrolidone, beta-cyclodextrin or hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin); fillers; monosaccharides; disaccharides; and other carbohydrates (such as glucose, mannose or dextrins); proteins (such as serum albumin, gelatin or immunoglobulins); coloring, flavoring and diluting agents; emulsifying agents; hydrophilic polymers (such as polyvinylpyrrolidone); low molecular weight polypeptides; salt-forming counterions (such as sodium); preservatives (such as benzalkonium chloride, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, thimerosal, phenethyl alcohol, methylparaben, propylparaben, chlorhexidine, sorbic acid or hydrogen peroxide); solvents (such as glycerin, propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol); sugar alcohols (such as mannitol or sorbitol); suspending agents; surfactants or wetting agents (such as pluronics, PEG, sorbitan esters, polysorbates such as polysorbate 20, polysorbate, triton, tromethamine, lecithin, cholesterol, tyloxapal); stability enhancing agents (such as sucrose or sorbitol); tonicity enhancing agents (such as alkali metal halides, preferably sodium or potassium chloride, mannitol sorbitol); delivery vehicles; diluents; excipients and/or pharmaceutical adjuvants (see, Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18th ed. (Mack Publishing Company, 1990).

In certain embodiments, a pharmaceutical composition may contain nanoparticles, e.g., polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, or micelles (See Anselmo et al. (2016) BIOENG. TRANSL. MED. 1: 10-29).

In certain embodiments, a pharmaceutical composition may contain a sustained- or controlled-delivery formulation. Techniques for formulating sustained- or controlled-delivery means, such as liposome carriers, bio-erodible microparticles or porous beads and depot injections, are also known to those skilled in the art. Sustained-release preparations may include, e.g., porous polymeric microparticles or semipermeable polymer matrices in the form of shaped articles, e.g., films, or microcapsules. Sustained release matrices may include polyesters, hydrogels, polylactides, copolymers of L-glutamic acid and gamma ethyl-L-glutamate, poly(2-hydroxyethyl-inethacrylate), ethylene vinyl acetate, or poly-D(−)-3-hydroxybutyric acid. Sustained release compositions may also include liposomes that can be prepared by any of several methods known in the art.

Pharmaceutical compositions containing an antibody or a multi-specific binding protein disclosed herein can be presented in a dosage unit form and can be prepared by any suitable method. A pharmaceutical composition should be formulated to be compatible with its intended route of administration. Examples of routes of administration are intravenous (IV), intradermal, inhalation, transdermal, topical, transmucosal, intrathecal and rectal administration. In certain embodiments, a recombinant human sialidase, a recombinant human sialidase fusion protein, or an antibody conjugate disclosed herein is administered by IV infusion. In certain embodiments, a recombinant human sialidase, a recombinant human sialidase fusion protein, or an antibody conjugate disclosed herein is administered by intratumoral injection. Useful formulations can be prepared by methods known in the pharmaceutical art. For example, see Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18th ed. (Mack Publishing Company, 1990). Formulation components suitable for parenteral administration include a sterile diluent such as water for injection, saline solution, fixed oils, polyethylene glycols, glycerin, propylene glycol or other synthetic solvents; antibacterial agents such as benzyl alcohol or methyl parabens; antioxidants such as ascorbic acid or sodium bisulfite; chelating agents such as EDTA; buffers such as acetates, citrates or phosphates; and agents for the adjustment of tonicity such as sodium chloride or dextrose.

For intravenous administration, suitable carriers include physiological saline, bacteriostatic water, Cremophor EL™ (BASF, Parsippany, N.J.) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The carrier should be stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage, and should be preserved against microorganisms. The carrier can be a solvent or dispersion medium containing, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (for example, glycerol, propylene glycol, and liquid polyethylene glycol), and suitable mixtures thereof.

An intravenous drug delivery formulation may be contained in a syringe, pen, or bag. In certain embodiments, the bag may be connected to a channel comprising a tube and/or a needle. In certain embodiments, the formulation may be a lyophilized formulation or a liquid formulation. In certain embodiments, the formulation may freeze-dried (lyophilized) and contained in about 12-60 vials. In certain embodiments, the formulation may be freeze-dried and 45 mg of the freeze-dried formulation may be contained in one vial. In certain embodiments, the about 40 mg-about 100 mg of freeze-dried formulation may be contained in one vial. In certain embodiments, freeze dried formulation from 12, 27, or 45 vials are combined to obtained a therapeutic dose of the protein in the intravenous drug formulation. In certain embodiments, the formulation may be a liquid formulation and stored as about 250 mg/vial to about 1,000 mg/vial. In certain embodiments, the formulation may be a liquid formulation and stored as about 600 mg/vial. In certain embodiments, the formulation may be a liquid formulation and stored as about 250 mg/vial.

These compositions may be sterilized by conventional sterilization techniques, or may be sterile filtered. The resulting aqueous solutions may be packaged for use as-is, or lyophilized, the lyophilized preparation being combined with a sterile aqueous carrier prior to administration. The pH of the preparations typically will be between 3 and 11, more preferably between 5 and 9 or between 6 and 8, and most preferably between 7 and 8, such as 7 to 7.5. The resulting compositions in solid form may be packaged in multiple single dose units, each containing a fixed amount of the above-mentioned agent or agents. The composition in solid form can also be packaged in a container for a flexible quantity.

In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a formulation with an extended shelf life including the protein of the present disclosure, in combination with mannitol, citric acid monohydrate, sodium citrate, disodium phosphate dihydrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, sodium chloride, polysorbate 80, water, and sodium hydroxide.

In certain embodiments, an aqueous formulation is prepared including the protein of the present disclosure in a pH-buffered solution. The buffer of this invention may have a pH ranging from about 4 to about 8, e.g., from about 4.5 to about 6.0, or from about 4.8 to about 5.5, or may have a pH of about 5.0 to about 5.2. Ranges intermediate to the above recited pH's are also intended to be part of this disclosure. For example, ranges of values using a combination of any of the above recited values as upper and/or lower limits are intended to be included. Examples of buffers that will control the pH within this range include acetate (e.g. sodium acetate), succinate (such as sodium succinate), gluconate, histidine, citrate and other organic acid buffers.

In certain embodiments, the formulation includes a buffer system which contains citrate and phosphate to maintain the pH in a range of about 4 to about 8. In certain embodiments the pH range may be from about 4.5 to about 6.0, or from about pH 4.8 to about 5.5, or in a pH range of about 5.0 to about 5.2. In certain embodiments, the buffer system includes citric acid monohydrate, sodium citrate, disodium phosphate dihydrate, and/or sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate. In certain embodiments, the buffer system includes about 1.3 mg/ml of citric acid (e.g., 1.305 mg/ml), about 0.3 mg/ml of sodium citrate (e.g., 0.305 mg/ml), about 1.5 mg/ml of disodium phosphate dihydrate (e.g., 1.53 mg/ml), about 0.9 mg/ml of sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate (e.g., 0.86), and about 6.2 mg/ml of sodium chloride (e.g., 6.165 mg/ml). In certain embodiments, the buffer system includes 1-1.5 mg/ml of citric acid, 0.25 to 0.5 mg/ml of sodium citrate, 1.25 to 1.75 mg/ml of disodium phosphate dihydrate, 0.7 to 1.1 mg/ml of sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, and 6.0 to 6.4 mg/ml of sodium chloride. In certain embodiments, the pH of the formulation is adjusted with sodium hydroxide.

A polyol, which acts as a tonicifier and may stabilize the antibody or multi-specific binding protein, may also be included in the formulation. The polyol is added to the formulation in an amount which may vary with respect to the desired isotonicity of the formulation. In certain embodiments, the aqueous formulation may be isotonic. The amount of polyol added may also be altered with respect to the molecular weight of the polyol. For example, a lower amount of a monosaccharide (e.g., mannitol) may be added, compared to a disaccharide (such as trehalose). In certain embodiments, the polyol which may be used in the formulation as a tonicity agent is mannitol. In certain embodiments, the mannitol concentration may be about 5 to about 20 mg/ml. In certain embodiments, the concentration of mannitol may be about 7.5 to 15 mg/ml. In certain embodiments, the concentration of mannitol may be about 10-14 mg/ml. In certain embodiments, the concentration of mannitol may be about 12 mg/ml. In certain embodiments, the polyol sorbitol may be included in the formulation.

A detergent or surfactant may also be added to the formulation. Exemplary detergents include nonionic detergents such as polysorbates (e.g., polysorbates 20, 80 etc.) or poloxamers (e.g., poloxamer 188). The amount of detergent added is such that it reduces aggregation of the formulated antibody and/or minimizes the formation of particulates in the formulation and/or reduces adsorption. In certain embodiments, the formulation may include a surfactant which is a polysorbate. In certain embodiments, the formulation may contain the detergent polysorbate 80 or Tween 80. Tween 80 is a term used to describe polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitanmonooleate (see Fiedler, Lexikon der Hifsstoffe, Editio Cantor Verlag Aulendorf, 4th edi., 1996). In certain embodiments, the formulation may contain between about 0.1 mg/mL and about 10 mg/mL of polysorbate 80, or between about 0.5 mg/mL and about 5 mg/mL. In certain embodiments, about 0.1% polysorbate 80 may be added in the formulation.

In embodiments, the protein product of the present disclosure is formulated as a liquid formulation. The liquid formulation may be presented at a 10 mg/mL concentration in either a USP/Ph Eur type I 50R vial closed with a rubber stopper and sealed with an aluminum crimp seal closure. The stopper may be made of elastomer complying with USP and Ph Eur. In certain embodiments, the liquid formulation may be diluted with 0.9% saline solution.

In certain embodiments, the liquid formulation of the disclosure may be prepared as a 10 mg/mL concentration solution in combination with a sugar at stabilizing levels. In certain embodiments the liquid formulation may be prepared in an aqueous carrier. In certain embodiments, a stabilizer may be added in an amount no greater than that which may result in a viscosity undesirable or unsuitable for intravenous administration. In certain embodiments, the sugar may be disaccharides, e.g., sucrose. In certain embodiments, the liquid formulation may also include one or more of a buffering agent, a surfactant, and a preservative.

In certain embodiments, the pH of the liquid formulation may be set by addition of a pharmaceutically acceptable acid and/or base. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutically acceptable acid may be hydrochloric acid. In certain embodiments, the base may be sodium hydroxide.

The aqueous carrier of interest herein is one which is pharmaceutically acceptable (safe and non-toxic for administration to a human) and is useful for the preparation of a liquid formulation. Illustrative carriers include sterile water for injection (SWFI), bacteriostatic water for injection (BWFI), a pH buffered solution (e.g., phosphate-buffered saline), sterile saline solution, Ringer's solution or dextrose solution.

A preservative may be optionally added to the formulations herein to reduce bacterial action. The addition of a preservative may, for example, facilitate the production of a multi-use (multiple-dose) formulation.

The antibody or multi-specific binding protein may be lyophilized to produce a lyophilized formulation including the proteins and a lyoprotectant. The lyoprotectant may be sugar, e.g., disaccharides. In certain embodiments, the lyoprotectant may be sucrose or maltose. The lyophilized formulation may also include one or more of a buffering agent, a surfactant, a bulking agent, and/or a preservative.

The amount of sucrose or maltose useful for stabilization of the lyophilized drug product may be in a weight ratio of at least 1:2 protein to sucrose or maltose. In certain embodiments, the protein to sucrose or maltose weight ratio may be of from 1:2 to 1:5. In certain embodiments, the pH of the formulation, prior to lyophilization, may be set by addition of a pharmaceutically acceptable acid and/or base. In certain embodiments the pharmaceutically acceptable acid may be hydrochloric acid. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutically acceptable base may be sodium hydroxide. Before lyophilization, the pH of the solution containing the protein of the present disclosure may be adjusted between 6 to 8. In certain embodiments, the pH range for the lyophilized drug product may be from 7 to 8.

Actual dosage levels of the active ingredients in the pharmaceutical compositions of this invention may be varied so as to obtain an amount of the active ingredient which is effective to achieve the desired therapeutic response for a particular patient, composition, and mode of administration, without being toxic to the patient.

The specific dose can be a uniform dose for each patient, for example, 50-5,000 mg of protein. Alternatively, a patient's dose can be tailored to the approximate body weight or surface area of the patient. Other factors in determining the appropriate dosage can include the disease or condition to be treated or prevented, the severity of the disease, the route of administration, and the age, sex and medical condition of the patient. Further refinement of the calculations necessary to determine the appropriate dosage for treatment is routinely made by those skilled in the art, especially in light of the dosage information and assays disclosed herein. The dosage can also be determined through the use of known assays for determining dosages used in conjunction with appropriate dose-response data. An individual patient's dosage can be adjusted as the progress of the disease is monitored. Blood levels of the targetable construct or complex in a patient can be measured to see if the dosage needs to be adjusted to reach or maintain an effective concentration. Pharmacogenomics may be used to determine which targetable constructs and/or complexes, and dosages thereof, are most likely to be effective for a given individual (Schmitz et al., Clinica Chimica Acta 308: 43-53, 2001; Steimer et al., Clinica Chimica Acta 308: 33-41, 2001).

In general, dosages based on body weight are from about 0.01 μg to about 100 mg per kg of body weight, such as about 0.01 μg to about 100 mg/kg of body weight, about 0.01 μg to about 50 mg/kg of body weight, about 0.01 μg to about 10 mg/kg of body weight, about 0.01 μg to about 1 mg/kg of body weight, about 0.01 μg to about 100 μg/kg of body weight, about 0.01 g to about 50 μg/kg of body weight, about 0.01 μg to about 10 μg/kg of body weight, about 0.01 μg to about 1 μg/kg of body weight, about 0.01 μg to about 0.1 μg/kg of body weight, about 0.1 μg to about 100 mg/kg of body weight, about 0.1 μg to about 50 mg/kg of body weight, about 0.1 μg to about 10 mg/kg of body weight, about 0.1 μg to about 1 mg/kg of body weight, about 0.1 μg to about 100 μg/kg of body weight, about 0.1 μg to about 10 μg/kg of body weight, about 0.1 μg to about 1 μg/kg of body weight, about 1 μg to about 100 mg/kg of body weight, about 1 μg to about 50 mg/kg of body weight, about 1 μg to about 10 mg/kg of body weight, about 1 μg to about 1 mg/kg of body weight, about 1 μg to about 100 μg/kg of body weight, about 1 μg to about 50 μg/kg of body weight, about 1 μg to about 10 μg/kg of body weight, about 10 μg to about 100 mg/kg of body weight, about 10 μg to about 50 mg/kg of body weight, about 10 μg to about 10 mg/kg of body weight, about 10 μg to about 1 mg/kg of body weight, about 10 μg to about 100 μg/kg of body weight, about 10 μg to about 50 μg/kg of body weight, about 50 μg to about 100 mg/kg of body weight, about 50 g to about 50 mg/kg of body weight, about 50 μg to about 10 mg/kg of body weight, about 50 μg to about 1 mg/kg of body weight, about 50 μg to about 100 μg/kg of body weight, about 100 μg to about 100 mg/kg of body weight, about 100 μg to about 50 mg/kg of body weight, about 100 μg to about 10 mg/kg of body weight, about 100 μg to about 1 mg/kg of body weight, about 1 mg to about 100 mg/kg of body weight, about 1 mg to about 50 mg/kg of body weight, about 1 mg to about 10 mg/kg of body weight, about 10 mg to about 100 mg/kg of body weight, about 10 mg to about 50 mg/kg of body weight, about 50 mg to about 100 mg/kg of body weight.

Doses may be given once or more times daily, weekly, monthly or yearly, or even once every 2 to 20 years. Persons of ordinary skill in the art can easily estimate repetition rates for dosing based on measured residence times and concentrations of the targetable construct or complex in bodily fluids or tissues. Administration of the present invention could be intravenous, intraarterial, intraperitoneal, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intrapleural, intrathecal, intracavitary, by perfusion through a catheter or by direct intralesional injection. This may be administered once or more times daily, once or more times weekly, once or more times monthly, and once or more times annually.

V. Therapeutic Applications

It is contemplated that the antibodies or multi-specific binding proteins can be used either alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents.

A. Indications

The present disclosure provides methods for the treatment or amelioration of a proliferative disease, a tumorous disease, an inflammatory disease, an immunological disorder, an autoimmune disease, an infectious disease, a viral disease, an allergic reaction, a parasitic reaction, a graft-versus-host disease or a host-versus-graft disease in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administration of a multi-specific binding protein or an antibody that binds CD19 disclosed herein.

In certain embodiments, the cancer to be treated is non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, such as a B-cell lymphoma. In certain embodiments, the non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is a B-cell lymphoma, such as a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, small lymphocytic lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, splenic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, or primary central nervous system lymphoma. In certain other embodiments, the cancer to be treated is multiple myeloma. In certain other embodiments, the cancer to be treated is acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In certain embodiments, the ALL is relapsed/refractory adult and pediatric ALL.

B. Combination Therapies

The methods and compositions described herein can be used alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents and/or modalities. The term administered “in combination,” as used herein, is understood to mean that two (or more) different treatments are delivered to the subject during the course of the subject's affliction with the disorder, such that the effects of the treatments on the patient overlap at a point in time. In certain embodiments, the delivery of one treatment is still occurring when the delivery of the second begins, so that there is overlap in terms of administration. This is sometimes referred to herein as “simultaneous” or “concurrent delivery.” In other embodiments, the delivery of one treatment ends before the delivery of the other treatment begins. In certain embodiments of either case, the treatment is more effective because of combined administration. For example, the second treatment is more effective, e.g., an equivalent effect is seen with less of the second treatment, or the second treatment reduces symptoms to a greater extent, than would be seen if the second treatment were administered in the absence of the first treatment, or the analogous situation is seen with the first treatment. In certain embodiments, delivery is such that the reduction in a symptom, or other parameter related to the disorder is greater than what would be observed with one treatment delivered in the absence of the other. The effect of the two treatments can be partially additive, wholly additive, or greater than additive. The delivery can be such that an effect of the first treatment delivered is still detectable when the second is delivered.

In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of treating a subject by the administration of a second therapeutic agent in combination with one or more of the multi-specific binding proteins and/or antibodies that bind CD19 disclosed herein.

Exemplary therapeutic agents that may be used as part of a combination therapy in treating cancer, include, for example, radiation, mitomycin, tretinoin, ribomustin, gemcitabine, vincristine, etoposide, cladribine, mitobronitol, methotrexate, doxorubicin, carboquone, pentostatin, nitracrine, zinostatin, cetrorelix, letrozole, raltitrexed, daunorubicin, fadrozole, fotemustine, thymalfasin, sobuzoxane, nedaplatin, cytarabine, bicalutamide, vinorelbine, vesnarinone, aminoglutethimide, amsacrine, proglumide, elliptinium acetate, ketanserin, doxifluridine, etretinate, isotretinoin, streptozocin, nimustine, vindesine, flutamide, drogenil, butocin, carmofur, razoxane, sizofilan, carboplatin, mitolactol, tegafur, ifosfamide, prednimustine, picibanil, levamisole, teniposide, improsulfan, enocitabine, lisuride, oxymetholone, tamoxifen, progesterone, mepitiostane, epitiostanol, formestane, interferon-alpha, interferon-2 alpha, interferon-beta, interferon-gamma, colony stimulating factor-1, colony stimulating factor-2, denileukin diftitox, interleukin-2, luteinizing hormone releasing factor and variations of the aforementioned agents that may exhibit differential binding to its cognate receptor, and increased or decreased serum half-life.

An additional class of agents that may be used as part of a combination therapy in treating cancer is immune checkpoint inhibitors. The checkpoint inhibitor may, for example, be selected from a PD-1 antagonist, PD-L₁antagonist, CTLA-4 antagonist, adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, B7-H3 antagonist, B7-H4 antagonist, BTLA antagonist, KIR antagonist, LAG3 antagonist, TIM-3 antagonist, VISTA antagonist or TIGIT antagonist.

In certain embodiments, the checkpoint inhibitor is a PD-1 or PD-L₁inhibitor. PD-1 is a receptor present on the surface of T-cells that serves as an immune system checkpoint that inhibits or otherwise modulates T-cell activity at the appropriate time to prevent an overactive immune response. Cancer cells, however, can take advantage of this checkpoint by expressing ligands, for example, PD-L1, that interact with PD-1 on the surface of T-cells to shut down or modulate T-cell activity. Exemplary PD-1/PD-L1 based immune checkpoint inhibitors include antibody based therapeutics. Exemplary treatment methods that employ PD-1/PD-L1 based immune checkpoint inhibition are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,728,474 and 9,073,994, and EP Patent No. 1537878B1, and, for example, include the use of anti-PD-1 antibodies. Exemplary anti-PD-1 antibodies are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,952,136, 8,779,105, 8,008,449, 8,741,295, 9,205,148, 9,181,342, 9,102,728, 9,102,727, 8,952,136, 8,927,697, 8,900,587, 8,735,553, and 7,488,802. Exemplary anti-PD-1 antibodies include, for example, nivolumab (Opdivo®, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.), pembrolizumab (Keytruda®, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.), PDR001 (Novartis Pharmaceuticals), and pidilizumab (CT-011, Cure Tech). Exemplary anti-PD-L1 antibodies are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,273,135, 7,943,743, 9,175,082, 8,741,295, 8,552,154, and 8,217,149. Exemplary anti-PD-L₁antibodies include, for example, atezolizumab (Tecentriq®, Genentech), durvalumab (AstraZeneca), MED14736, avelumab, and BMS 936559 (Bristol Myers Squibb Co.).

In certain embodiments, a method or composition described herein is administered in combination with a CTLA-4 inhibitor. In the CTLA-4 pathway, the interaction of CTLA-4 on a T-cell with its ligands (e.g., CD80, also known as B7-1, and CD86) on the surface of an antigen presenting cells (rather than cancer cells) leads to T-cell inhibition. Exemplary CTLA-4 based immune checkpoint inhibition methods are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,811,097, 5,855,887, 6,051,227. Exemplary anti-CTLA-4 antibodies are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,984,720, 6,682,736, 7,311,910; 7,307,064, 7,109,003, 7,132,281, 6,207,156, 7,807,797, 7,824,679, 8,143,379, 8,263,073, 8,318,916, 8,017,114, 8,784,815, and 8,883,984, International (PCT) Publication Nos. WO98/42752, WO00/37504, and WO01/14424, and European Patent No. EP 1212422 B1. Exemplary CTLA-4 antibodies include ipilimumab or tremelimumab.

In certain embodiments, a method or composition described herein is administered in combination with (i) a PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitor, e.g., a PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitor disclosed herein, and (ii) CTLA-4 inhibitor, e.g., a CTLA-4 inhibitor disclosed herein.

In certain embodiments, a method or composition described herein is administered in combination with an IDO inhibitor. Exemplary IDO inhibitors include 1-methyl-D-tryptophan (known as indoximod), epacadostat (INCB24360), navoximod (GDC-0919), and BMS-986205.

Yet other agents that may be used as part of a combination therapy in treating cancer are monoclonal antibody agents that target non-checkpoint targets (e.g., herceptin) and non-cytotoxic agents (e.g., tyrosine-kinase inhibitors).

Yet other categories of anti-cancer agents include, for example: (i) an inhibitor selected from an ALK Inhibitor, an ATR Inhibitor, an A2A Antagonist, a Base Excision Repair Inhibitor, a Bcr-Abl Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, a Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, a CDC7 Inhibitor, a CHK1 Inhibitor, a Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor, a DNA-PK Inhibitor, an Inhibitor of both DNA-PK and mTOR, a DNMT1 Inhibitor, a DNMT1 Inhibitor plus 2-chloro-deoxyadenosine, an HDAC Inhibitor, a Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Inhibitor, an IDO Inhibitor, a JAK Inhibitor, a mTOR Inhibitor, a MEK Inhibitor, a MELK Inhibitor, a MTH1 Inhibitor, a PARP Inhibitor, a Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Inhibitor, an Inhibitor of both PARP1 and DHODH, a Proteasome Inhibitor, a Topoisomerase-II Inhibitor, a Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, a VEGFR Inhibitor, and a WEE1 Inhibitor; (ii) an agonist of OX40, CD137, CD40, GITR, CD27, HVEM, TNFRSF25, or ICOS; and (iii) a cytokine selected from IL-12, IL-15, GM-CSF, and G-CSF.

It is understood that the antibody or multi-specific binding protein disclosed herein, which is designed to activate T lymphocytes, may cause side effects such as neurotoxicity. Accordingly, in certain embodiments, the second therapeutic agent that can be used in combination with the antibody or multi-specific binding protein comprises an agent that mitigates a side effect of the antibody or multi-specific binding protein, e.g., reduces neurotoxicity. In certain embodiments, the second therapeutic agent inhibits T cell trafficking, for example, reduces or inhibits immune cells from crossing the blood-brain barrier. Non-limiting examples of such therapeutic agents include antagonists (e.g., antagonistic antibodies) of adhesion molecules on immune cells (e.g., α4 integrin), such as natalizumab. In certain embodiments, the second therapeutic agent increases the internalization of a sphingosine-1-phosphate (SIP) receptor (e.g., S1PR1 or S1PR5), such as fingolimod or ozanimod. In certain embodiments, the second therapeutic agent is a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, such as ronopterin, cindunistat, A-84643, ONO-1714, L-NOARG, NCX-456, VAS-2381, GW-273629, NXN-462, CKD-712, K_D-7040, or guanidinoethyldisulfide. In certain embodiments, the second therapeutic agent is an antagonist of CSF1 or CSF1R, such as pexidartinib, emactuzumab, cabiralizumab, LY-3022855, JNJ-40346527, or MCS110. Additional non-limiting examples of the second therapeutic agents include pentosan polysulfate, minocycline, anti-ICAM-1 antibodies, anti-P-selectin antibodies, anti-CD11a antibodies, anti-CD162 antibodies, and anti-IL-6R antibodies (e.g., tocilizumab).

The amount of the antibody or multi-specific binding protein and additional therapeutic agent and the relative timing of administration may be selected in order to achieve a desired combined therapeutic effect. For example, when administering a combination therapy to a patient in need of such administration, the therapeutic agents in the combination, or a pharmaceutical composition or compositions comprising the therapeutic agents, may be administered in any order such as, for example, sequentially, concurrently, together, simultaneously and the like. Further, for example, an antibody or multi-specific binding protein may be administered during a time when the additional therapeutic agent(s) exerts its prophylactic or therapeutic effect, or vice versa.

In the application, where an element or component is said to be included in and/or selected from a list of recited elements or components, it should be understood that the element or component can be any one of the recited elements or components, or the element or component can be selected from a group consisting of two or more of the recited elements or components.

Further, it should be understood that elements and/or features of a composition or a method described herein can be combined in a variety of ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, whether explicit or implicit herein. For example, where reference is made to a particular compound, that compound can be used in various embodiments of compositions of the present invention and/or in methods of the present invention, unless otherwise understood from the context. In other words, within this application, embodiments have been described and depicted in a way that enables a clear and concise application to be written and drawn, but it is intended and will be appreciated that embodiments may be variously combined or separated without parting from the present teachings and invention(s). For example, it will be appreciated that all features described and depicted herein can be applicable to all aspects of the invention(s) described and depicted herein.

It should be understood that the expression “at least one of” includes individually each of the recited objects after the expression and the various combinations of two or more of the recited objects unless otherwise understood from the context and use. The expression “and/or” in connection with three or more recited objects should be understood to have the same meaning unless otherwise understood from the context.

The use of the term “include,” “includes,” “including,” “have,” “has,” “having,” “contain,” “contains,” or “containing,” including grammatical equivalents thereof, should be understood generally as open-ended and non-limiting, for example, not excluding additional unrecited elements or steps, unless otherwise specifically stated or understood from the context.

Where the use of the term “about” is before a quantitative value, the present invention also includes the specific quantitative value itself, unless specifically stated otherwise. As used herein, the term “about” refers to a ±10% variation from the nominal value unless otherwise indicated or inferred.

It should be understood that the order of steps or order for performing certain actions is immaterial so long as the present invention remain operable. Moreover, two or more steps or actions may be conducted simultaneously.

The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language herein, for example, “such as” or “including,” is intended merely to illustrate better the present invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention unless claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element as essential to the practice of the present invention.

The description above describes multiple aspects and embodiments of the invention. The patent application specifically contemplates all combinations and permutations of the aspects and embodiments.

EXAMPLES

The invention now being generally described, will be more readily understood by reference to the following examples, which are included merely for purposes of illustration of certain aspects and embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1. Characterization of New Anti-CD19 Antibodies

This example describes new anti-CD19 antibodies CNG-CD19-101 to -110 and CNG-CD19-701 to -710. The amino acid sequences of CNG-CD19-101 to -110 are provided in Table 1 above, and the amino acid sequences of CNG-CD19-701 to -710 are provided in Table 2 above.

CNG-CD19-101 to -110 and CNG-CD19-701 to -710 were optimized from parental antibodies CNG-CD19-1 and CNG-CD19-7, respectively, by introducing diversities into the VH and/or VL and shuffling fragments of the VH and VL sequences. The antibody clones were selected for improved binding affinity to biotinylated human CD19 relative to the respective parental antibody. The selected antibodies were then produced from yeast cells and purified using a protein A column.

The binding affinity of the antibodies to isolated CD19 was measured by surface plasmon resonance using a ForteBio Octet HTX system as previously described (see, e.g., Estep et al, High throughput solution-based measurement of antibody-antigen affinity and epitope binning. Mabs 5(2), 270-278 (2013)). Briefly, ForteBio affinity measurements were performed by loading IgGs on-line onto anti-hIgG Fc Capture (AHC) sensors. The sensors were equilibrated off-line in assay buffer for 30 minutes and then monitored on-line for 60 seconds for baseline establishment. The sensors with loaded IgGs were exposed to 100 nM human serum albumin for 3 minutes, and subsequently transferred to assay buffer for 3 minutes for off-rate measurement. All kinetics were analyzed using the 1:1 binding model.

The binding affinity of the antibodies to CD19 expressed on the cell surface was also measured. Briefly, approximately 100,000 Chinese hamster overy (CHO) cells overexpressing the antigen were washed with wash buffer and incubated with 100 μl 100 nM IgG for 15 minutes at room temperature. Cells were then washed twice with wash buffer and incubated with 100 μl of 1:100 Human-PE for 15 minutes on ice. Cells were then washed twice more with wash buffer and analyzed on a FACS Canto II analyzer (BD Biosciences).

TABLE 9

Binding of Anti-CD19 Antibodies to CD19

Proteins and CD19 Expressing Cells

Binding

Affinity to
Affinity to
to Cells

Human CD19
Cynomolgus CD19
Expressing

K_D
k_off
K_D
k_off
Human

Construct
(M)
(1/s)
(M)
(1/s)
CD19 (FOB)

CNG-
3.46E−10
1.14E−04
9.39E−09
1.91E−03
267

CD19-1

CNG-
1.44E−10
5.72E−05
9.91E−09
2.33E−03
296

CD19-101

CNG-
2.98E−10
9.12E−05
1.21E−08
2.18E−03
258

CD19-102

CNG-
1.06E−10
4.00E−05
4.69E−09
1.09E−03
286

CD19-103

CNG-
1.44E−10
6.00E−05
5.83E−09
1.48E−03
327

CD19-104

CNG-
1.64E−10
8.28E−05
2.24E−09
6.79E−04
351

CD19-105

CNG-
1.89E−10
1.14E−04
3.20E−09
1.23E−03
354

CD19-106

CNG-
2.77E−10
5.71E−05
5.64E−09
1.29E−03
315

CD19-107

CNG-
1.64E−10
5.26E−05
2.25E−09
6.50E−04
319

CD19-108

CNG-
1.44E−10
4.00E−05
4.03E−09
1.31E−03
334

CD19-109

CNG-
3.53E−10
1.21E−04
6.17E−09
1.64E−03
293

CD19-110

As shown in Table 9, CNG-CD19-101 to -110 showed higher binding affinity to human CD19 and/or cynomolgus CD19 than CNG-CD19-1. In particular, CNG-CD19-101 to -109 bound human CD19 with lower K_Dvalues than CNG-CD19-1; CNG-CD19-103 to -110 bound cynomolgus CD19 with lower K_Dvalues than CNG-CD19-1. CNG-CD19-101 and -103 to -110 showed increased binding to CHO cells expressing human CD19 than CNG-CD19-1.

TABLE 10

Binding of Anti-CD19 Antibodies to CD19

Proteins and CD19 Expressing Cells

Binding

Affinity to
Affinity to
to Cells

Human CD19
Cynomolgus CD19
Expressing

K_D
k_off
K_D
k_off
Human

Construct
(M)
(1/s)
(M)
(1/s)
CD19 (FOB)

CNG-
2.25E−09
3.96E−04
8.43E−09
8.32E−04
71

CD19-7

CNG-
1.87E−10
7.05E−05
6.68E−10
1.68E−04
195

CD19-701

CNG-
5.00E−10
1.75E−04
1.30E−09
2.95E−04
180

CD19-702

CNG-
2.89E−10
8.19E−05
2.54E−09
3.52E−04
135

CD19-703

CNG-
3.67E−10
1.01E−04
1.24E−09
1.94E−04
140

CD19-704

CNG-
2.48E−10
4.70E−05
6.02E−09
8.37E−04
105

CD19-705

CNG-
8.59E−11
4.00E−05
3.72E−10
1.20E−04
241

CD19-706

CNG-
1.04E−10
4.66E−05
7.38E−10
2.07E−04
237

CD19-707

CNG-
1.56E−10
6.69E−05
1.02E−09
2.23E−04
210

CD19-708

CNG-
1.07E−10
4.60E−05
6.39E−10
1.68E−04
234

CD19-709

CNG-
1.35E−10
4.00E−05
1.54E−09
3.28E−04
153

CD19-710

As shown in Table 10, CNG-CD19-701 to -710 showed higher binding affinity to human CD19 and cynomolgus CD19 than CNG-CD19-7. In particular, CNG-CD19-701 to -710 bound human CD19 and cynomolgus CD19 with lower K_Dvalues than CNG-CD19-7. CNG-CD19-701 to -710 also showed increased binding to CHO cells expressing human CD19 than CNG-CD19-7.

Additional kinetic analysis of the anti-CD19 VL-VH scFvs, with or without a disulfide bond introduced by Cys substitutions at position 44 of VH and position 100 of VL, was conducted by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The scFv proteins were serially diluted and assessed at 25° C. in a HBS-EP+ running buffer system (10 mM HEPES pH 7.4, 150 mM NaCl, 3 mM EDTA, 0.05% Surfactant P20) using a Biacore 8K optical biosensor (Global Life Sciences Solutions USA, Marlborough, Mass.). The sample compartment was maintained at 10° C. for the duration of each experiment.

Each experiment cycle began with an injection (500 s at 2 μL/min) over flow cells 1 and 2 of a 1:20 solution of biotin CAPture reagent (Global Life Sciences Solutions USA) in running buffer. This was followed by an injection (300 s at 4.0 μL/min) of biotinylated CD-19 (40 nM) overflow cell 2. Upon capture of CD19 to the sensor surface, test scFvs (16.2 to 0.067 nM, 3-fold dilution in running buffer) was injected (300 s at 30 uL/min) over flow cells 1 and 2. The dissociation of the scFvs was monitored for a duration of 2564 s. Finally, an injection (90 s at 10 μL/min) of regeneration solution (6 M Guanidine-HCl in 0.25 M NaOH) overflow cells 1 and 2 was used to prepare the sensor surface for another cycle.

The resulting data were processed and fit as follows. Sensorgrams were cropped to include only the scFv association and dissociation steps. The cropped data was subsequently aligned, double reference subtracted, and then non-linear least squares fit to a 1:1 binding model using Biacore Insight Evaluation software version 3.0.11.15423. (Myszka D. (1999) J. Mol. Recognit. 12(5):279-284).

Resultant K_Dand k_offvalues for each tested scFv are summarized in Table 11.

TABLE 11

Binding of Anti-CD19 Antibodies to Human CD19 Protein

VL-VH scFv
VL-VH scFv with disulfide bond¹

Construct
K_D(M)
k_off(1/s)
K_D(M)
k_off(1/s)

CNG-CD19-
6.73E−12
2.00E−05
1.39E−11
4.88E−05

101

CNG-CD19-
9.91E−12
2.41E−05
1.78E−11
4.85E−05

103

CNG-CD19-
1.48E−11
2.00E−05
1.41E−11
2.00E−05

701

CNG-CD19-
1.22E−11
2.00E−05
1.17E−11
2.00E−05

707

CNG-CD19-
2.18E−11
2.00E−05
2.13E−11
2.54E−05

710

¹In each scFv construct, a disulfide bond was introduced by Cys substitutions at position 44 of VH and position 100 of VL.

Example 2. Characterization of New Anti-Serum Albumin Antibodies

This example describes new anti-serum albumin antibodies CNG-HSA-101 to -120. The amino acid sequences of these antibodies are provided in Table 5 above.

CNG-HSA-101 to -120 were optimized from parental antibodies CNG-HSA-1, a single domain antibody, by introducing diversities into the heavy chain variable region, generating random mutations by error prone PCR, and shuffling the VH fragments. The antibody clones were selected for improved binding affinity to biotinylated human serum albumin relative to the parental antibody. Additionally, a thermal selection pressure was employed for the VH shuffle optimization cycle. Thermal selection pressures were applied by incubating the libraries at various temperatures and then selecting for antibodies that retained antigen binding following thermal incubation. The selected antibodies were then produced from yeast cells and purified using a protein A column.

The binding affinity of the antibodies to isolated serum albumin was measured by surface plasmon resonance using a ForteBio Octet HTX system as previously described (see, e.g., Estep et al, High throughput solution-based measurement of antibody-antigen affinity and epitope binning. Mabs 5(2), 270-278 (2013)). Briefly, ForteBio affinity measurements were performed by loading the heavy chain antibodies (HCAbs) on-line onto AHC sensors. The sensors were equilibrated off-line in assay buffer for 30 minutes and then monitored on-line for 60 seconds for baseline establishment. The sensors with loaded HCAbs were exposed to 100 nM human serum albumin for 3 minutes, and subsequently transferred to assay buffer for 3 minutes for off-rate measurement. All kinetics were analyzed using the 1:1 binding model.

The melting temperature (Tm) of the VHH fragments were measured by dynamic scanning fluorimetry (DSF). Briefly, 10 μL of 20× Sypro Orange dye is added to 20 μL of 0.2-1 mg/mL HCAb. A BioRad CFX96 RT PCR machine was used to raise the sample plate temperature from 40° to 95° C. at 0.5° C. increments, with 2 minutes equilibration at each temperature. The negative of the first derivative for the raw data was used to extract Tm.

TABLE 12

Binding of Anti-Serum Albumin Antibodies to Serum Albumin and Protein A

Affinity to Human

Affinity to Mouse

Serum Albumin
Affinity to Cynomolgus
Serum Albumin
Ratio of
Affinity to

(HSA)
Serum Albumin
(MSA)
MSA-K_D
Protein A
Melting

K_D
k_off
K_D
k_off
K_D
k_off
to
K_D
k_off
Temperature

Construct
(M)
(1/s)
(M)
(1/s)
(M)
(1/s)
HSA-K_D
(M)
(1/s)
(° C.)

CNG-HSA-1
1.19E−08
1.77E−03
9.65E−09
1.39E−03
1.72E−07
2.16E−02
14.47
2.56E−09
4.74E−04
55.5

CNG-HSA-101
5.07E−09
7.16E−04
3.58E−09
5.32E−04
1.61E−08
3.41E−03
3.17
1.84E−09
2.00E−04
65.5

CNG-HSA-102
4.89E−09
7.48E−04
3.65E−09
5.68E−04
4.14E−08
7.38E−03
8.46
1.70E−09
2.00E−04
66.5

CNG-HSA-103
4.89E−09
7.42E−04
3.62E−09
5.41E−04
1.51E−08
3.24E−03
3.09
2.02E−09
2.21E−04
66.0

CNG-HSA-104
7.71E−09
1.12E−03
6.10E−09
8.74E−04
5.06E−08
1.05E−02
6.57
1.70E−09
2.00E−04
63.5

CNG-HSA-105
1.52E−08
2.00E−03
1.27E−08
1.63E−03
1.54E−07
2.06E−02
10.12
2.76E−09
2.97E−04
64.0

CNG-HSA-106
1.70E−08
2.97E−03
1.44E−08
2.38E−03
5.78E−08
1.24E−02
3.41
N.B.¹
65.0

CNG-HSA-107
1.68E−08
2.38E−03
1.33E−08
1.82E−03
4.56E−08
8.51E−03
2.72
3.09E−09
3.33E−04
59.0

CNG-HSA-108
6.19E−09
9.58E−04
5.27E−09
7.94E−04
8.06E−09
1.85E−03
1.30
2.94E−09
2.94E−04
64.0

CNG-HSA-109
3.50E−09
5.66E−04
3.10E−09
5.03E−04
1.19E−08
2.84E−03
3.40
1.78E−09
2.00E−04
63.5

CNG-HSA-110
5.70E−09
8.93E−04
5.20E−09
7.59E−04
3.89E−08
8.38E−03
6.82
3.67E−09
3.78E−04
57.5

CNG-HSA-111
8.35E−09
1.17E−03
6.13E−09
8.84E−04
1.02E−08
2.31E−03
1.23
2.84E−09
2.00E−04
59.0

CNG-HSA-112
8.45E−09
1.36E−03
7.43E−09
1.15E−03
6.67E−08
1.30E−02
7.90
3.44E−09
3.75E−04
54.5

CNG-HSA-113
1.54E−08
2.14E−03
1.21E−08
1.70E−03
5.20E−08
1.01E−02
3.38
1.70E−09
2.00E−04
62.5

CNG-HSA-114
1.47E−08
2.21E−03
1.20E−08
1.73E−03
1.75E−08
3.80E−03
1.20

N.D.²
51.0

CNG-HSA-115
2.96E−09
4.41E−04
3.37E−09
6.18E−04
6.43E−09
1.32E−03
2.17
N.D.
56.0

CNG-HSA-116
4.65E−09
6.99E−04
3.85E−09
5.97E−04
4.56E−09
1.08E−03
0.98
1.75E−09
2.00E−04
64.0

CNG-HSA-117
5.56E−09
7.93E−04
4.05E−09
6.08E−04
4.48E−08
8.77E−03
8.07
1.78E−09
2.00E−04
60.5

CNG-HSA-118
9.36E−09
1.30E−03
6.65E−09
1.02E−03
1.20E−08
2.74E−03
1.28
N.D.
58.0

CNG-HSA-119
7.36E−09
1.09E−03
5.73E−09
8.64E−04
4.11E−08
8.54E−03
5.59
N.D.
53.5

CNG-HSA-120
3.15E−09
5.07E−04
2.60E−09
4.22E−04
4.32E−09
1.07E−03
1.37
N.D.
66.0

¹N.B. means no binding was detected under the conditions of this assay.

²N.D. means not determined.

As shown in Table 12, CNG-HSA-101 to -120 showed higher binding affinity to human serum albumin, cynomolgus serum albumin, mouse serum albumin, and/or protein A than CNG-HSA-1. In particular, all these antibodies bound mouse serum albumin with lower K_Dvalues than CNG-HSA-1. CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-103, CNG-HSA-104, CNG-HSA-108, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-110, CNG-HSA-111, CNG-HSA-112, CNG-HSA-115, CNG-HSA-116, CNG-HSA-117, CNG-HSA-118, CNG-HSA-119, and CNG-HSA-120 bound human serum albumin and cynomolgus serum albumin with lower K_Dvalues than CNG-HSA-1. CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-103, CNG-HSA-106, CNG-HSA-107, CNG-HSA-108, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-111, CNG-HSA-113, CNG-HSA-114, CNG-HSA-115, CNG-HSA-116, CNG-HSA-118, and CNG-HSA-120 bound mouse serum albumin with a K_Dvalue less than 4-fold higher than the K_Dwith which the same antibody bound human serum albumin. CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-104, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-113, CNG-HSA-116, and CNG-HSA-117 bound protein A with lower K_Dvalues than CNG-HSA-1. CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-103, CNG-HSA-104, CNG-HSA-105, CNG-HSA-106, CNG-HSA-108, CNG-HSA-109, CNG-HSA-113, CNG-HSA-116, CNG-HSA-117, and CNG-HSA-120 showed a melting temperature greater than or equal to 60° C., among which CNG-HSA-101, CNG-HSA-102, CNG-HSA-103, CNG-HSA-106, and CNG-HSA-120 showed a melting temperature greater than or equal to 65° C.

Example 3. Production of Multi-Specific Binding Proteins

This example describes the production and purification of multi-specific binding proteins.

Nucleic acids encoding single-chain multi-specific binding proteins (see Table 13) were constructed and codon optimized for expression in human cells and cloned into a mammalian expression vector following standard procedures. Following sequence verification, the expression vectors, in the form of plasmids, were prepared in sufficient quantity for transfection using Plasmid Plus purification kits (Qiagen). Human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK 293) cells were passaged to appropriate density for transient transfection. Cells were transiently transfected with the expression vectors and cultured for six days.

The amino acid sequences of the various multi-specific binding proteins are summarized in Table 13. Constructs tAb0027 to tAb0032 each contained an anti-CD19 scFv having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, an anti-CD3 scFv having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 105, and an anti-HSA sdAb having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 121. Constructs tAb0033 to tAb0038 each contained an anti-CD19 scFv having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18, an anti-CD3 scFv having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 105, and an anti-HSA sdAb having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 121.

TABLE 13

Exemplary Multi-specific Binding Proteins

Construct
Format
Amino Acid Sequence

tAb0027
CD19:CD3
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDYIMHWVRQAPGQ

:HSA
GLEWMGYINPYNDGSKYTEKFQGRVTMTSDTSISTAYMELSRLRS

DDTAVYYCARGTYYYGPQLFDYWGQGTTVTVSSGGGGSGGGGS

GGGGSDIVMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCKSSQSLETSTGTTYLNWY

LQKPGQSPQLLIYRVSKRFSGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISRVEAEDV

GVYYCLQLLEDPYTFGQGTKLEIKGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLA

VSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWA

STRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTF

GGGTKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKP

GASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLENAN

TIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYG

RYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSEVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSL

RLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADS

VKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGT

LVTVSSHHHHHHHHHH (SEQ ID NO: 303)

tAb0029
CD3:CD19
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQK

:HSA
PGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAV

YYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQ

LVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLE

WMGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDT

AVYYCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSQVQLVQ

SGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDYIMHWVRQAPGQGLEWMG

YINPYNDGSKYTEKFQGRVTMTSDTSISTAYMELSRLRSDDTAVY

YCARGTYYYGPQLFDYWGQGTTVTVSSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSDI

VMTQTPLSLSVTPGQPASISCKSSQSLETSTGTTYLNWYLQKPGQS

PQLLIYRVSKRFSGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCL

QLLEDPYTFGQGTKLEIKGGGGSGGGSEVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSL

RLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADS

VKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGT

LVTVSSHHHHHHHHHH (SEQ ID NO: 304)

tAb0030
CD3:HSA:
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQK

CD19
PGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAV

YYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQ

LVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLE

WMGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDT

AVYYCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSEVQLVE

SGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSI

SGSGSDTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYC

TIGGSLSRSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGAS

VKVSCKASGYTFTDYIMHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGYINPYNDGSKY

TEKFQGRVTMTSDTSISTAYMELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGP

QLFDYWGQGTTVTVSSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSDIVMTQTPLSLSV

TPGQPASISCKSSQSLETSTGTTYLNWYLQKPGQSPQLLIYRVSKRF

SGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCLQLLEDPYTFGQG

TKLEIKHHHHHHHHHH (SEQ ID NO: 305)

tAb0031
HSA:CD3:
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGL

CD19
EWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMNSLRPEDT

AVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAV

SLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWAS

TRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFG

GGTKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPG

ASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLENANT

IYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGR

YFYDVWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASV

KVSCKASGYTFTDYIMHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGYINPYNDGSKYT

EKFQGRVTMTSDTSISTAYMELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGTYYYGPQ

LFDYWGQGTTVTVSSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSDIVMTQTPLSLSVTP

GQPASISCKSSQSLETSTGTTYLNWYLQKPGQSPQLLIYRVSKRFS

GVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCLQLLEDPYTFGQG

TKLEIKHHHHHHHHHH (SEQ ID NO: 306)

tAb0032
HSA:CD19
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGL

:CD3
EWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMNSLRPEDT

AVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVK

KPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDYIMHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGYINPYN

DGSKYTEKFQGRVTMTSDTSISTAYMELSRLRSDDTAVYYCARGT

YYYGPQLFDYWGQGTTVTVSSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSDIVMTQTP

LSLSVTPGQPASISCKSSQSLETSTGTTYLNWYLQKPGQSPQLLIYR

VSKRFSGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCLQLLEDPY

TFGQGTKLEIKGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSS

QSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGS

GSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGG

SGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGFN

IKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITR

DTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVT

VSSHHHHHHHHHH (SEQ ID NO: 307)

tAb0033
CD19:CD3
QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSGMGVGWIRQHPGK

:HSA
GLEWIGHIWWDDDKRYNPALKSRVTISVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAA

DTAVYYCARMELWSYYFDYWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGGSGGG

GSEIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVSYMHWYQQKPGQAPR

LLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSV

YPFTFGQGTKLEIKRGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATIN

CKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPD

RFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTKVEIK

GGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCK

ASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQG

RVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRYFYDVWG

QGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSEVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGF

TFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVKGRFTISRD

NAKTTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTLVTVSSHHH

HHHHHHH (SEQ ID NO: 308)

tAb0034
CD19:HSA
QVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSGMGVGWIRQHPGK

:CD3
GLEWIGHIWWDDDKRYNPALKSRVTISVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAA

DTAVYYCARMELWSYYFDYWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGGSGGG

GSEIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVSYMHWYQQKPGQAPR

LLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSV

YPFTFGQGTKLEIKRGGGGSGGGSEVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLS

CAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVKG

RFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTLVT

VSSGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNART

GKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTL

TISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGG

GGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMH

WVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTA

YMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSSHHH

HHHHHHH (SEQ ID NO: 309)

tAb0035
CD3:CD19
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQK

:HSA
PGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAV

YYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQ

LVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLE

WMGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDT

AVYYCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSQVQLQE

SGPGLVKPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSGMGVGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGH

IWWDDDKRYNPALKSRVTISVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYC

ARMELWSYYFDYWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSEIVLTQ

SPATLSLSPGERATLSCSASSSVSYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIYDTSK

LASGIPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQ

GTKLEIKRGGGGSGGGSEVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFT

FSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVKGRFTISRD

NAKTTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTLVTVSSHHH

HHHHHHH (SEQ ID NO: 310)

tAb0036
CD3:HSA:
DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQK

CD19
PGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAV

YYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQ

LVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLE

WMGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDT

AVYYCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSEVQLVE

SGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSI

SGSGSDTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYC

TIGGSLSRSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSQVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTL

SLTCTVSGGSISTSGMGVGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGHIWWDDDKRYN

PALKSRVTISVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYF

DYWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSEIVLTQSPATLSLSPGE

RATLSCSASSSVSYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSG

SGSGTDFTLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEIKRHHH

HHHHHHH (SEQ ID NO: 311)

tAb0037
HSA:CD3:
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGL

CD19
EWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMNSLRPEDT

AVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAV

SLGERATINCKSSQSLLNARTGKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWAS

TRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFG

GGTKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPG

ASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLENANT

IYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGR

YFYDVWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSQVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLS

LTCTVSGGSISTSGMGVGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGHIWWDDDKRYNP

ALKSRVTISVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFD

YWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSEIVLTQSPATLSLSPGER

ATLSCSASSSVSYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGS

GSGTDFTLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEIKRHHH

HHHHHHH (SEQ ID NO: 312)

tAb0038
HSA:CD19
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGL

:CD3
EWVSSISGSGSDTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMNSLRPEDT

AVYYCTIGGSLSRSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSQVQLQESGPGLV

KPSQTLSLTCTVSGGSISTSGMGVGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGHIWWDD

DKRYNPALKSRVTISVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMEL

WSYYFDYWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSEIVLTQSPATL

SLSPGERATLSCSASSSVSYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASGI

PARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLE

IKRGGGGSGGGSDIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSLLNART

GKNYLAWYQQKPGQPPKLLIYWASTRESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTL

TISSLQAEDVAVYYCKQSYSRRTFGGGTKVEIKGGGGSGGGGSGG

GGSGGGGSQVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGFNIKDYYMH

WVRQAPGQRLEWMGWIDLENANTIYDAKFQGRVTITRDTSASTA

YMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARDAYGRYFYDVWGQGTLVTVSSHHH

HHHHHHH (SEQ ID NO: 313)

tAb0042
CD3:HSA
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLKLSCAASGFTFNKYAINWVRQAPGKG

:CD19
LEWVARIRSKYNNYATYYADQVKDRFTISRDDSKNTAYLQMNNL

KTEDTAVYYCVRHANFGNSYISYWAYWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSG

GGGSGGGGSQTVVTQEPSLTVSPGGTVTLTCASSTGAVTSGNYPN

WVQQKPGQAPRGLIGGTKFLVPGTPARFSGSLLGGKAALTLSGVQ

PEDEAEYYCTLWYSNRWVFGGGTKLTVLGGGGSGGGSEVQLVES

GGGLVQPGNSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFGMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSSIS

GSGSDTLYADSVKGRFTISRDNAKTTLYLQMNSLRPEDTAVYYCT

IGGSLSRSSQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGSQVQLQESGPGLVKPSQTLS

LTCTVSGGSISTSGMGVGWIRQHPGKGLEWIGHIWWDDDKRYNP

ALKSRVTISVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCARMELWSYYFD

YWGQGTLVTVSSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSEIVLTQSPATLSLSPGER

ATLSCSASSSVSYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIYDTSKLASGIPARFSGS

GSGTDFTLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCFQGSVYPFTFGQGTKLEIKRHHH

HHHHHHH (SEQ ID NO: 314)

The cultures were harvested by centrifugation at 4000 rpm, and the supernatant filtered through a 0.22 mm filter. The multi-specific binding proteins, which carried a 10×His tag at the C-terminus, were purified in two steps. The first step was Nickel affinity chromatography with elution using PBS containing 400 mM imidazole. The second step was size exclusion chromatography with elution in PBS (phosphate buffered saline) pH7.2. Multi-specific binding protein concentrations were determined by UV spectroscopy, and the protein samples were concentrated when necessary. The purity of the proteins was determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Specifically, HPLC was performed on an Agilent 1100 series instrument using MabPac size exclusion column run in PBS at 0.2 mL/min. The fractions with an elution time of about 225-240 minutes were collected for further characterization.

As noted above, some of the constructs produced contained an anti-CD19 scFv having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9 or 18. The binding affinity of the two CD19 binding domains to CD19 were measured by SPR using a monomeric CD19 extracellular domain and a dimeric CD19 extracellular domain fused with human IgG1 Fc. Binding kinetic parameters were measured using a ForteBio instrument generally as previously described (see, Estep et al. (2013) MAbs, 5(2): 270-78). When measured with the monomeric CD19 protein, the K_Dvalue of the CD19 binding domain having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9 was 7 nM, and the K_Dvalue of the CD19 binding domain having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18 was 11 nM. When measured with the dimeric CD19 protein, the K_Dvalue of the CD19 binding domain having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9 was 5 nM, and the K_Dvalue of the CD19 binding domain having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18 was 15 nM.

Some of the multi-specific binding proteins contained an anti-CD3 scFv derived from CNG-CD3-1, CNG-CD3-2, or CNG-CD3-3, having the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 422, 427, or 433 in Table 4, respectively. The binding affinities of these scFv constructs to human CD3 were measured by SPR using the BiaCore method described in International Patent Application Publication No. WO2018208864A1. The CNG-CD3-1 scFv construct bound human CD3 with a K_Dvalue of 1.9 nM; the CNG-CD3-2 scFv construct bound human CD3 with a K_Dvalue of 16 nM; and the CNG-CD3-3 scFv construct bound human CD3 with a K_Dvalue of 26 nM. The binding affinities of these scFv constructs to human CD3 were measured by BLI using the Octec method described in International Patent Application Publication No. WO2018208864A1. The CNG-CD3-1 scFv construct bound human CD3 with a K_Dvalue of 4.4 nM; the CNG-CD3-2 scFv construct bound human CD3 with a K_Dvalue of 27 nM; and the CNG-CD3-3 scFv construct bound human CD3 with a K_Dvalue of 54 nM.

Example 4. Multi-Specific Binding Proteins Induce T Cell Cytotoxicity Against CD19⁺ Target Cells

This example describes the cytotoxic activity of multi-specific binding proteins.

The T cell redirection activity of multi-specific binding proteins and BiTE proteins were evaluated using the KILR Raji Cell Model. Briefly, pan T cells were isolated from primary human PBMCs from a single healthy donor by negative selection using a commercial kit (e.g. Easy Sep Human T Cell Enrichment Kit, StemCell Technologies). T cells were maintained in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% serum and 300 IU/mL IL-2 to expand T cells. The harvested T cells were washed twice to remove any serum.

KILR Raji cells, which expressed CD19 on the surface, were used as target cells. To opsonize the target cells, each multi-specific binding protein or BiTE (see Table 13) was incubated with the target cells for 30 minutes at 37° C. in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 5% heat inactivated low IgG fetal bovine serum and penicillin-streptomycin-glutamine. The proteins were added in serial dilution at 10 different doses, with each dose run in duplicate. Human serum albumin was added to the medium of certain samples at a final concentration of 15 mg/mL. Selective proteins were also evaluated with KILR SKOV3 cells, which were CD19-negative, as negative controls.

After opsonization, the target cells were incubated with the pan T cells at an effector-to-target (E:T) ratio of 10:1 for 6 hours at 37° C. Killing of the KILR Raji cells resulted in release of a labeled housekeeping protein from these cells into the medium, which was quantified by addition of a KILR detection reagent (DiscoverX). The luminescence signals from all wells were read on an Envision plate reader. Spontaneous release and total lysis controls were included on each plate to allow calculation of percent killing.

Percent killing was calculated from the luminescence signal values using the following formula:

% killing=(value from test protein sample−mean value from spontaneous release control)/(mean value from total lysis control−mean value from spontaneous release control)×100.

The EC50 values were calculated from the percent killing by fitting with a dose-response curve using the GraphPad Prism software.

Table 14 lists the EC50 values of T cell-redirected killing in the absence and presence of human serum albumin for exemplary multi-specific binding proteins and comparator anti-CD19 BiTE protein. No substantial killing was observed with the CD19-negative KILR SKOV3 cells.

TABLE 14

Cytotoxic Activity of Multi-specific Binding Proteins

EC50 (pg/mL)

Construct
Format
−HSA
+HSA
Fold change

tAb0027
CD19:CD3:HSA
2.33
67.9
29.1

tAb0029
CD3:CD19:HSA
5.48
188.1
34.3

tAb0030
CD3:HSA:CD19
3.17
141.7
44.7

tAb0031
HSA:CD3:CD19
6.55
189.3
28.9

tAb0032
HSA:CD19:CD3
5.71
88.4
15.5

tAb0033
CD19:CD3:HSA
20.4
1294
63.4

tAb0034
CD19:HSA:CD3
59.3
2376
40.1

tAb0035
CD3:CD19:HSA
51.4
2184
42.5

tAb0036
CD3:HSA:CD19
103.8
4195
40.4

tAb0037
HSA:CD3:CD19
175.1
2151
12.3

tAb0038
HSA:CD19:CD3
52.6
288
5.5

tAb0042
CD3:HSA:CD19
69.9
13290
190.1

blinatumomab
CD19:CD3
2854
10750
3.8

As shown in Table 14, the multi-specific binding proteins containing the anti-CD19 scFv having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9 showed stronger cytotoxic activity than those containing the anti-CD19 scFv having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18, regardless of the construct format, CD3 binding domain, HSA binding domain, and the presence or absence of HSA in the assay medium. From this data, it is contemplated that constructs containing this anti-CD19 scFv with the higher binding affinity to CD19 will demonstrate stronger therapeutic activity than constructs containing the other anti-CD19 scFv with the lower binding affinity.

Furthermore, all the multi-specific binding proteins tested showed lower EC₅₀value (namely, stronger ability to induce cytotoxicity) in the absence of HSA than in the presence of HSA. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it appears that the presence of HSA causes a change in the protein complex, which was specific to the multi-specific binding proteins containing an HSA binding domain, rather than a nonspecific effect as observed with blinatumomab. The ratio of the EC₅₀value in the presence of HSA to the EC₅₀value in the absence of HSA, also called “fold change” herein, was used to assess the effect of HSA on the potential therapeutic activity of the multi-specific binding protein. As shown in Table 14, the construct formats with the HSA binding domain N-terminal to both the CD19 binding domain and the CD3 binding domain (namely, tAb0031, tAb0032, tAb0037, and tAb0038) showed lower fold changes than the other construct formats, regardless of which CD19 binding domain was used in the construct.

Furthermore, among the constructs having the same CD19 binding domain, CD3 binding domain, and HSA binding domain, the constructs in the CD19:CD3:HSA format (i.e., the CD19 binding domain positioned N-terminal to the CD3 binding domain, and the CD3 binding domain positioned N-terminal to the HSA binding domain), namely, tAb0027 and tAb0033, showed the lowest or second lowest EC₅₀values both in the absence and in the presence of HSA.

Example 5. Cytotoxicity of Multi-Specific Binding Proteins Against CD19⁺ Target Cells

This example provides alternative methods for determining the cytotoxic activity of a multi-specific binding protein.

The multi-specific binding proteins disclosed herein can be evaluated in in vitro assays on their mediation of T cell dependent cytotoxicity to B cell antigen positive target cells. For example, the CD19-binding multi-specific binding protein disclosed herein was evaluated in vitro for mediation of T cell dependent cytotoxicity to CD19⁺ target cells using the Killing Immune-Lysis Reaction (KILR) assay (euroFins, DiscoverX).

Briefly, multi-specific binding proteins tAb0050 through tAb0064, as described in Table 8, were produced. Raji cells were engineered to express the KILR reporter protein to produce KILR-Raji cells. Cytotoxicity of KILR-Raji cells triggers KILR protein release into medium, which can be quantified by the addition of KILR Detection Reagent. Cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from a single healthy donor were rested for at least 24 h in complete growth medium supplemented with 1× L-glutamine prior to assay. Pan T cells were isolated by negative selection. To evaluate redirected lysis by the multi-specific binding proteins, each multi-specific binding protein was added to KILR-Raji cells at the indicated concentration in duplicate and incubated for 30 min at 37° C. in RPMI-1640+4% heat inactivated very low IgG FBS, 1×PSG, in the presence of 15 mg/ml HSA. Pan T cells were then added at an E:T ratio of 10:1 for 6 h at 37° C. Cytotoxicity was quantified via addition of the KILR Detection Reagent and read on an Envision plate reader. Four-parameter logistic regression was used to calculate the EC50 for each parameter.

The multi-specific binding proteins in FIG. 2A, except for tAb0063, had a CD3 binder derived from CNG-CD3-1, which bound human CD3 with a K_Dof 1.9 nM as measured by SPR. The tAb0063 construct had a CD3 binder derived from CNG-CD3-3, which bound human CD3 with a K_Dof 26 nM as measured by SPR. The multi-specific binding proteins containing CNG-CD3-1 scFv showed lower EC₅₀values for mediating T cell cytotoxicity (i.e., stronger activities) than tAb0063. Similarly, in FIG. 2B, tAb0050, tAb0054, and tAb0060 had a CD3 binder derived from CNG-CD3-1, which bound human CD3 with a K_Dof 1.9 nM; tAb0061 and tAb0062 had a CD3 binder derived from CNG-CD3-2, which bound human CD3 with a K_Dof 16 nM; tAb0063 and tAb0064 had a CD3 binder derived from CNG-CD3-3, which bound human CD3 with a K_Dof 26 nM, each measured by SPR. The multi-specific binding proteins containing the relatively higher-affinity CD3 binders showed lower EC₅₀values for mediating T cell cytotoxicity (i.e., stronger activities) than those containing the relatively lower-affinity CD3 binders. The impact of the CD3 binding affinity of the CD3 binder on the target cell killing activity of the multi-specific binding protein was observed irrespective of the relative positioning between the CD19 binder, the CD3 binder, and the HSA binder.

FIG. 2A further shows that between the constructs that had the same CD19 binder, CD3 binder, and HSA binder, lower EC₅₀values for effecting T cell cytotoxicity were observed in the multi-specific binding proteins having, from the N-terminus to the C-terminus, the HSA binder, the CD19 binder, and the CD3 binder (tAb0050 and tAb0056) or, from the N-terminus to the C-terminus, the CD19 binder, the CD3 binder, and the HSA binder (tAb0054, tAb0059).

Alternatively, the CD19-binding multi-specific binding protein disclosed herein can be evaluated in in vitro assays on its mediation of T cell dependent cytotoxicity to CD19⁺ target cells. Fluorescence labeled CD19⁺ MEC-1 cells (a CD19⁺ human chronic B cell leukemia cell line) are incubated with isolated PBMC of random donors or CB15 T-cells (standardized T-cell line) as effector cells in the presence of the CD19-binding multi-specific binding protein. After incubation for 4 hours at 37° C. in a humidified incubator, the release of the fluorescent dye from the target cells into the supernatant is determined in a spectrofluorimeter. Target cells incubated without the CD19-binding multi-specific binding protein and target cells totally lysed by the addition of saponin at the end of the incubation serve as negative and positive controls, respectively. Based on the measured remaining living target cells, the percentage of specific cell lysis can be calculated according to the following formula: [1−(number of living targets_(sample)/number of living targets_{(spontaneous)}]×100%. Sigmoidal dose response curves and EC₅₀values are calculated by non-linear regression/4-parameter logistic fit using the GraphPad Software. The lysis values obtained for a given multi-specific binding protein concentration are used to calculate sigmoidal dose-response curves by 4 parameter logistic fit analysis using the Prism software. It is expected that the target cell lysis rate induced by CD19-binding multi-specific binding protein is higher than the target cell lysis rate induced by similar constructs lacking either a CD19-binding domain or a CD3-binding domain.

Alternatively, a human T-cell dependent cellular cytotoxicity (TDCC) assay is used to measure the ability of the multi-specific binding protein to direct T cells to kill tumor cells (Nazarian et al. 2015, J. Biomol. Screen, 20:519-27). In this assay, T cells and target cancer cell line cells are mixed together at a 10:1 ratio in a 384 wells plate, and varying amounts of the multi-specific binding proteins are added. After 48 hours, the T cells are washed away leaving attached to the plate target cells that were not killed by the T cells. To quantitate the remaining viable cells, CellTiter-Glo® Luminescent Cell Viability Assay (Promega) is used. It is contemplated that the killing rate of B-cell antigen expressing cancer cell induced by CD19-binding multi-specific binding protein will be higher than that induced by similar constructs lacking either a CD19-binding domain or a CD3-binding domain and/or other negative control molecules.

Example 6. Pharmacokinetics of Multi-Specific Binding Proteins with HSA Binding Domain

This example is designed to determine the pharmacokinetics of multi-specific binding proteins.

Multi-specific binding proteins containing a domain that binds CD19, a domain that binds CD3, and a domain that binds serum albumin are tested in the cynomolgus monkey in the context of pharmacokinetic (PK) studies to evaluate the serum elimination time of the multi-specific binding protein.

The multi-specific binding proteins are administered as intravenous bolus or intravenous infusion. The multi-specific binding proteins are administered in a dose-linear, pharmacokinetic relevant range of 0.5 μg/kg to 3 μg/kg, 6 μg/kg, 12 μg/kg, and 15 μg/kg, respectively. For purposes of comparability, the serum concentrations of the multi-specific binding proteins are does-normalized and molecular weight-normalized (described in nmol).

For each multi-specific binding protein, a group of at least two to three animals are used. Blood samples are collected and serum is prepared for determination of serum concentrations of the multi-specific binding proteins. Serum multi-specific binding protein levels are measured using an immunoassay. The assay is performed by capturing the multi-specific binding protein via its CD19-binding domain, while an antibody directed against the CD3-binding domain of the multi-specific binding protein is used for detection. The serum concentration-time profiles are used to determine PK parameters using known analytical methods such as those described in Ritschel W A and Kearns G L, 1999, IN: Handbook Of Basic Pharmacokinetics Including Clinical Applications, 5th edition, American Pharmaceutical Assoc., Washington, D.C. and softwares such as WinNonlin software (WinNonlin® Professional V. 3.1 WinNonlin™ Copyright 1998-1999. Pharsight Corporation. Mountain View, Calif.).

Alternatively, the serum half-life of the various multi-specific binding proteins containing the serum albumin binding domain is compared to that of control constructs capable of binding CD19 and CD3 but lacking a serum albumin binding domain by including in the experiment another cynomolgus monkey group that receives the control constructs. Additional domains can be included such that the control constructs are similar in size to the multi-specific binding proteins.

It is expected that CD19-binding multi-specific binding protein will have significantly longer serum half-life compared to similar constructs capable of binding CD19 and CD3 but lacking a serum albumin binding domain and/or other negative control molecules.

Example 7. Determination of Antigen Affinity by Flow Cytometry

This example is designed to determine the affinity of a multi-specific binding protein to an antigen.

Various multi-specific binding proteins disclosed herein are tested for their binding affinities to human CD3⁺ cells and the corresponding B cell surface antigen positive cells, such as human CD19⁺ cells. The multi-specific binding proteins are also tested for their binding affinities to cynomolgus CD3⁺ cells and the corresponding B cell surface antigen positive cells, such as cynomolgus CD19⁺ cells.

CD3⁺ and CD19⁺ cells are incubated with 100 μL of serial dilutions of the multi-specific binding protein. After washing three times with FACS buffer the cells are incubated with 0.1 mL of 10 μg/mL mouse monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody in the same buffer for 45 mins on ice. After a second washing cycle, the cells are incubated with 0.1 mL of 15 μg/mL FITC-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG antibodies under the same conditions as before. As a control, cells are incubated with the anti-His IgG followed by the FITC-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG antibodies without the multi-specific binding protein. The cells are then washed again and resuspended in 0.2 mL of FACS buffer containing 2 μg/mL propidium iodide (PI) in order to exclude dead cells. The fluorescence of 1×10⁴living cells is measured using a commercially available flow cytometer and software. Mean fluorescence intensities of the cell samples are calculated using software such as CXP software (Beckman-Coulter, Krefeld, Germany) or Incyte software (Merck Millipore, Schwalbach, Germany). K_Dvalues for one-site binding can be calculated using normalized fluorescence intensity values with known computational equations such as those supplied in the GraphPad Prism software (GraphPad Software, La Jolla Calif. USA). CD3 binding affinity and cross-reactivity are evaluated in titration and flow cytometric experiments on CD3⁺ Jurkat cells and the cynomolgus CD3⁺ HSC-F cell line. CD19 binding and cross-reactivity are assessed on the human CD19⁺ tumor cell lines. The K_Dratio of cross-reactivity can be calculated using the K_Dvalues determined on the CHO cell lines expressing either recombinant human or recombinant cynomolgus antigens.

Example 8. Cytokine Production Induced by Multi-Specific Binding Proteins

This example is designed to determine the ability of a multi-specific binding protein to induce cytokine production from immune cells.

AlphaLISA assays (Perkin Elmer) for TNFα and Interferon γ are used to obtain evidence that T cells are activated by the multi-specific binding proteins of current invention, such as CD19-binding multi-specific binding protein, in the presence of target cells, such as CD19⁺ B cells. For this assay, primary human T cells and human tumor cells expressing B cell surface antigen are incubated in the presence of the CD19-binding multi-specific binding protein as described under cytotoxicity assays. After 48 hours of incubation, 2 microliter aliquots of the assay supernatants are analyzed according to the manufacturer's instructions. It is contemplated that the TNFα or Interferon γ level induced by CD19-binding multi-specific binding protein is higher than that induced by similar constructs lacking either a CD19-binding domain or a CD3-binding domain and/or other negative control molecules.

Example 9. Antibody Analytics in In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Cytokine Release Studies

This example is designed to determine the ability of a multi-specific binding protein to enhance cytotoxicity of T cells and to induce cytokine production from said T cells.

CD3⁺ T cells purified from a single cryopreserved PBMC donor were incubated with eFluor670-labeled Raji cells at an E:T ratio of 5:1 in the presence of test articles and 15 mg/ml HSA for 48 h at 37° C. Following incubation, cells were pelleted and labeled with Live/Dead fixable stain, while the supernatant was stored for cytokine analysis. Cells were fixed and assessed by flow cytometry. Percentage of live Raji cells was determined by calculating the fraction of eFluor670+ cells that did not label with Live/Dead stain. Concentrations of the cytokines IL-2, IFNγ, and TNFα in the supernatant were evaluated using DuoSet ELISAs from R&D Systems. Four-parameter logistic regression was used to calculate the EC50 for each parameter.

Similarly, CD3⁺ T cells purified from a single cryopreserved PBMC donor were incubated with eFluor670-labeled Raji cells at an E:T ratio of 0.5:1 in the presence of test articles for 6 d at 37° C., with media and test article re-feeding on day 3. Following incubation, cells were pelleted and labeled with Live/Dead fixable stain. Cells were fixed and assessed by flow cytometry. Percentage of live Raji cells was determined by calculating the fraction of eFluor670+ cells that did not label with Live/Dead stain.

To assess the efficacy of the multi-specific binding proteins and their safety profiles, the EC₅₀values of the test proteins for mediating T cell cytotoxicity were compared with the EC₅₀values for inducing IL-2, IFNγ, and TNFα production. Potency in mediating T cell cytotoxicity is generally desirable. Production of certain cytokines also facilitates the immune reaction against the CD19-expressing target cells. However, excessive cytokine production could be associated with lower tolerability of the multi-specific binding protein and would be undesirable. As shown in FIG. 3A, a general trend was observed that the multi-specific binding proteins containing the higher-affinity CD3 binder (CNG-CD3-1) showed lower EC₅₀values on all activities than the proteins containing the lower-affinity CD3 binders (CNG-CD3-2 or CNG-CD3-3). The tAb0050, tAb0054, and tAb0060 constructs, which contained a CD3 binder derived from CNG-CD3-1, effected T cell cytotoxicity at EC₅₀values lower than the EC₅₀values for inducing the production of one (in the case of tAb0054) or two (in the cases of tAb0050 and tAb0060) out of the three tested cytokines. The tAb0061, tAb0062, tAb0063, and tAb0064 constructs, which contained CD3 binders derived from CNG-CD3-2 or CNG-CD3-3, effected T cell cytotoxicity at EC₅₀values greater than the EC₅₀values for inducing the production of at least two out of the three tested cytokines. These results suggest that the multi-specific binding proteins containing the higher-affinity CD3 binder (CNG-CD3-1) were generally more potent than the multi-specific binding proteins containing the lower-affinity CD3 binders (CNG-CD3-2 or CNG-CD3-3). Given that their potency in effecting T cell cytotoxicity increased at least proportionally with their ability to induce cytokine production, it is contemplated that these multi-specific binding proteins containing the higher-affinity CD3 binder, relative to the multi-specific binding proteins containing the lower-affinity CD3 binders, could exhibit therapeutic effects at lower doses without eliciting excessive cytokine production.

The EC₅₀values for mediating T cell cytotoxicity were also compared between tAb0050, tAb0063, and blinatumomab. As shown in FIG. 3B, tAb0050, which contained a CD3 binder derived from CNG-CD3-1, was more potent in mediating T cell cytotoxicity than tAb0063 and blinatumomab.

Example 10. In Vivo Studies for Efficacy of Multi-Specific Binding Proteins

This example is designed to determine the ability of a multi-specific binding protein to induce tumor regression in vivo in a murine model.

1×10⁶HuCELL A20-hCD19 cells in 0.1 ml of PBS were inoculated on the right front flank of CD3ε HuGEMM mice. When mean tumor size reached approximately 68 mm³, mice were randomized. Mice were treated at the indicated dose level intravenously once on the day of randomization. Tumors were subsequently measured 2-3 times per week, and mice were sacrificed if tumor volumes exceeded 3000 mm³. Four-parameter logistic regression was used to calculate the EC₅₀for each parameter.

As shown in FIGS. 4A-4D, at both low dose (0.01 mg/kg, single injection) and high dose (0.1 mg/kg, single injection), treatment with tAb0050 and tAb0060, both containing a CD3 binder derived from CNG-CD3-1 that bound human CD3 with a K_Dof 1.6 nM, resulted in similar degree of tumor growth inhibition, and both were more efficacious compared to either tAb0061 or tAb0063, which contained lower-affinity CD3 binders derived from CNG-CD3-2 or CNG-CD3-3. In addition, as shown in Table 15, the complete response rate was higher for both tAb0050 and tAb0060 as compared to tAb0061 or tAb0063. This result indicates that the multi-specific binding proteins containing the higher-affinity CD3 binders were more efficacious in treating CD19-expressing tumors in vivo than the multi-specific binding proteins containing lower-affinity CD3 binders.

TABLE 15

Percentage of mice experiencing complete

response in each treatment group.

Group
% complete response

High Dose (0.1 mg/kg × dose)

tAb0050
50%

tAb0060
60%

tAb0061
30%

tAb0063
0%

Low Dose (0.01 mg/kg × dose)

tAb0050
30%

tAb0060
20%

tAb0061
0%

tAb0063
0%

A similar in vivo study was conducted to compare tAb0050 to blinatumomab at various dose levels. As shown in FIGS. 5A-5D, at both 0.03 mg/kg and 0.1 mg/kg dose levels, the complete response rate was higher for tAb0050 compared to blinatumomab. Taken together, these data demonstrate improved efficacy of tAb0050 in vivo relative to blinatumomab.

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

All publications and patents cited throughout the text of this specification (including all patents, patent applications, scientific publications, manufacturer's specifications, instructions, etc.), whether supra or infra, are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes. To the extent the material incorporated by reference contradicts or is inconsistent with this specification, the specification will supersede any such material.

EQUIVALENTS

The invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The foregoing embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects illustrative rather than limiting the invention described herein. Scope of the invention is thus indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are intended to be embraced therein.

ANTI-CD19 ANTIBODIES AND MULTI-SPECIFIC BINDING PROTEINS

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