Patent Application
20060180044
The invention relates to weapons that are used against submarines and other underwater targets, and in particular, depth charges and depth charge-like munitions.
Submarines, in one form or another, have been used in military operations since the time of the U.S. Civil War. As with any military vehicle, there are weapons that are presently available to counteract submarines. The most common weapons that have been used to counter attack submarines are depth charges and torpedoes. However, depth charges and torpedoes are not entirely effective. Depth charges, for a variety of reasons, are notoriously ineffective. Torpedoes are costly, bulky, and generally require either a very good fire control system or some type of manual intervention. Consequently, military units seeking to counteract an enemy submarine incursion are in need of improved weapons to combat such submarines.
An embodiment of the invention is a cluster depth charge (CDC). A cluster depth charge is made up of a plurality of relatively small weapons that are deployed into water in which a target resides. The payloads of the CDC include simple explosives, shaped charges that may attach onto the target, and projectiles. The CDCs may be deployed off a surface vessel, dropped from an aircraft, and/or fired with a rocket propelled projectile. The CDCs may be deployed to form a cluster field by deploying them one at a time, several at a time, all at once, and/or all at once in a housing which later disintegrates to release the CDCs and form the cluster field. In an embodiment, the CDCs have intelligent sensor, seeking, and guidance systems that cause each CDC to gravitate towards the target. In one embodiment, the CDC attaches to the target and then detonates. In another embodiment, the CDC orients itself in proximity to the CDC and fires a projectile at the target.
It is an object of an embodiment of the invention to improve upon implements and methods to counter attack submarines and other underwater targets.
a illustrates an embodiment of a shaped charge weapons payload that may be used in connection with an embodiment of the invention.
An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in
In the embodiment of the invention of
Another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in
In an embodiment, a CDC may contain a number of weapons payloads 100 and/or projectiles 200. When deployed, if the CDC successfully attaches to a submarine's hull, then the cavitating projectile could fire at the hull, thereby blowing a hole through the hull. If attachment failed, a CDC having projectiles could fire the projectiles at the submarine in rapid succession as the submarine passes the closest point of approach. Such an embodiment extends the coverage and lethality of the CDCs since contact with or attachment to the submarine or target is not essential. In a particular embodiment, one or more cavitating projectiles 200 are contained within a form of a hydrodynamic glider 300 with a bulbous sensor section 310 and stubby winglets 320. See
The shaped charge weapons payload 100 and the projectile payload 200 may be deployed in several ways. They can be air dropped from a manned or unmanned vehicle. Either single or multiple payloads and projectiles may be dropped, and if multiple payloads and/or projectiles are dropped, they may be dropped individually or in an explosively dispersed package. They can be deployed from an unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV). They can also be deployed as, or in connection with, a ballistic projectile (e.g. using a Hedge-Hog type system), or as payload on a cruise missile. The shaped charge weapons payload 100 and projectile payload 200 can also be deployed from a surface vessel such as in an over fan-tail fashion.
As alluded to above, in an embodiment, the shaped charge weapons payload 100 and projectile payload 200 are deployed in a cluster fashion. That is, a plurality of devices are deployed in the vicinity of a submarine or other target, with the anticipation that the submarine will come in contact with the devices 100 and/or 200. The sensors in the devices seek out the submarine, with the goal of attaching onto the submarine with one or more magnets. The sensor systems that can be used include active SONAR, passive SONAR, LIDAR, and mine-like magnetic and/or electromagnetic sensors. Any of the previously disclosed payloads may be deployed in this cluster modality. Passive SONAR can provide adequate bearing accuracy for the CDCs to compute the closest point of approach and perform intercept guidance. Either active SONAR or LIDAR may be used for terminal guidance and aiming. If passive SONAR is used, null steering algorithms may be employed to achieve adequate bearing accuracy.
After deployment and entry into a water column, an embodiment of the invention has a sensor system that directs the payload and/or projectile to a submarine or other target (e.g., a mine). Using the sensor, seeking, guidance, and buoyancy systems on the CDCs, the CDCs have the ability of maintaining depth, and moving up and down in the water column in order to align themselves in the path of the target. In an embodiment, the goal is for the CDCs to achieve the same depth as the target, and to place itself in the target's path. Then, one or more of the CDCs will attach itself to the target and detonate. However, in embodiments using the firing option, attachment to the target is not essential. Indeed, in some embodiments, the sensor, seeking, guidance, and buoyancy systems are able to determine if intercept is going to fail, and then determine when the closest point to the target will occur. Then, at the closest point, the payload or projectile can detonate, thereby having the greatest chance of inflicting damage to the target.
Several methods of homing logic may be deployed with embodiments of the invention. The shaped charge weapons payload 100 or projectile 200 can simply glide towards the submarine while moving up and/or down in the water. The payload 100 or projectile 200 moves up or down in the water through the buoyancy control system. However, the lifetime of the payload or projectile must be limited, so as not to violate the Geneva Convention on floating mines. Therefore, the payloads and projectiles in an embodiment are equipped with a timed self destruct system. Such a system could be as simple as a timed small explosive capable of disabling, destroying, and/or sinking the payload or projectile. The payloads and/or projectiles may be deployed ahead of the target. The payloads and/or projectiles may be deployed such that they move toward the contact position and depth of the submarine. They can also be deployed such that they loiter in the path of the submarine. In an embodiment that employs a super cavitating projectile, such as a Davis gun, the projectile may point and fire at the target during the closest point of approach if no contact is made. A CDC may maneuver in depth, and may glide forward as it rises or falls in its water column. The CDC may include control surfaces and winglets.
While the invention has been described in its preferred and other embodiments, it is to be understood that the words used are words of description rather than limitation and that changes may be made within the purview of the appended claims without departing from the true scope and spirit of the invention in its broader aspects.
