1. Field of Invention
This invention relates to an anti-theft locking device with a flexible cable, in particular to a bicycle anti-theft locking device with a storage unit for an excess portion of the length of a cable which is not in use.
2. Description of Prior Art
Bicycle theft is a common problem recognized internationally. To overcome these criminal acts, bicycle locks were developed to increase bicycle security. Originally, bicycle locks were heavy, cumbersome, and dangerous to both the bicycle and the consumer. Consequently, bicycle locks evolved to become more compact, efficient, and safe. The bicycle locks on the market today are represented by three basic varieties that involve a cable: 1) a “U-lock”, 2) a straight cable with a lock, and 3) a coiled cable with a lock.
Existing cables with locks are still relatively cumbersome, inconvenient, and potentially dangerous to apply and store. There is a tendency for a coiled cable to spring back and injure the consumer and/or damage the bicycle, while a straight cable is often wrapped around the handle bars or other portion of the frame to avoid dragging or entanglement with the wheels. A “U-lock” is limited in application because of its small size, for instance it can not efficiently secure a bicycle frame and wheels to a tree or post in many cases.
Thereafter, inventors have tried to eliminate the hazards and inefficiencies of both the straight and coiled cable locks by creating several types of cable security systems specifically for bicycles. Examples of these attempts are as follows: U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,990,279 (Nov. 9, 1976); 4,037,441 (Jul. 26, 1977); 4,044,577 (Aug. 30, 1977); 4,126,024 (Nov. 21, 1978); and 4,970,882 (Nov. 20, 1990) all utilize either one or two retractable spools with tension springs which while potentially expedient can cause physical harm to the bicycle and the consumer upon operation. In addition, all of the patents mentioned above, with the exception of U.S. Pat. No. 4,126,024, have the cable end attached directly to the internal structure of the casing leaving only one end of the cable to be unwound which can increase the time and effort of application. Similarly, U.S. Pat. No. 3,990,279 reveals anchoring the middle of the cable onto the internal spool on which it is to be wound which limits the usable length of the cable. U.S. Pat. No. 4,970,882 utilizes two independently rotatable spools with two individual cables that are both wound upon their respective spools which increases the complexity and minimizes the security of the system.
Because of the inherent physical properties of a semi-rigid steel cable or wire rope, all of the above patents would require a significant amount of both force and tension to wrap a cable onto and around an internal spool, and thus the same significant force must be exerted to release a wound cable. In addition to the disadvantages of the application and storage of the systems, there are a large number of moving parts that only add to the complexity of manufacturing and expense for the consumer.
Other materials such as rope, electrical cord, wire, and clothes lines have been stored in a portable fashion. The following patents utilize a similar technology to store the much more flexible material by wrapping and winding it onto and around its internal spool: U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,907,938 (Feb. 20, 1990); 3,782,654 (Jan. 1, 1974); 3,809,331 (May 7, 1974); 3,529,786 (September 1970); 2,952,420; 2,429,675 (October 1947); 1,186,131 (June 1910).
As mentioned previously, because of the physical properties required for a sufficient security device, all of the patents that wind the more flexible material onto and around a spool would not perform without problematic usage. Consequently, the patents and designs for the more flexible material systems are mechanically and physically inadequate to accommodate the required specifications of a semi-rigid cable security system.
It is therefore a primary object of the present invention to provide a bicycle anti-theft cable locking device which is simple in construction, easy to manufacture, involves a minimum of different parts, is composed of durable easily and inexpensively manufactured molded plastic parts, can be easily operated by a left- and right-handed person, is provided with a cable storage unit for storing the unused portion of the cable during the use or for storing the entire cable during storage of the device, eliminates the dangerous tension and retractable operation and internal part complexity revealed in the prior art, and can be secured without damage to the bicycle or injure to the user.
The anti-theft cable locking device of the invention is particularly suited for securing a bicycle. The device contains a continuous semi-rigid cable or wire rope, the opposite ends of which are provided with loops, or mutually engageable and interlocking elements, such as, e.g., an insertable deadbolt and a dial-type cylinder that locks and releases the deadbolt only when a certain combination of numbers is aligned on the composite dial cylinder. The semi-rigid cable is passed through diametrically opposite openings of a substantially cylindrical outer housing of a cable storage unit that consists of two symmetrical molded parts connected to each other face-to-face and locked by means of snapping projection on one part that interacts with a respective recess on the other part.
Located inside the cylindrical housing is a rotary cable-driving drum which, in turn, is composed of two symmetrical cylindrical parts having on their outer sides handles for rotation of the drum in the direction of retracting the cable into the interior of the housing while the other sides of the symmetric cylindrical parts are connected and locked to each other in butt connection though engagement of projections and recesses. These projections and recesses are formed on pairs of diametrically arranged hubs formed on the facing sides of the aforementioned symmetric cylindrical parts.
As has been mentioned above, the hubs, which are monolithically molded with the rest of the body of the respective cable-driving drum parts, have a space formed between the nearest points thereof. The outer surfaces of the drum parts have a siding fit in respective openings formed in the end faces of the housing parts. Furthermore, the hubs project beyond the mating end faces of the respective symmetric cylindrical parts so that when the mating hubs of the opposite cylindrical parts are connected to each other through the interaction of their projections and recesses, the aforementioned space is formed. This space and the distance between the outer diameter of the drum and the inner surface of the housing parts are sufficient for guiding within, and threading the wire cable through the locking device of the invention.
On its outer surfaces the aforementioned symmetrical molded housing parts have radially projecting portions which in the assembled state of the housing are aligned and form a radial projection suitable for connection of the anti-theft locking device to a frame element of the bicycle.
During assembly, the two cylindrical parts of the rotating cable drum are assembled with each other by inserting the projections on the end faces of the hubs of one part of the drum into respective recesses on the facing end faces of the hubs on the opposite part of the drum. During assembly of the cylindrical parts of the rotating cable drum the central part of the wire cable, which in this case is straight, is placed into the opening formed between the hubs and is loosely sandwiched between both cylindrical hubs. In an assembled state with the wire cable between the cylindrical parts, these parts are nested in the respective symmetrical cylindrical parts of the cylindrical housing which are snapped together so that the drum and wire cable remains intact, the handle portions of the drum are exposed on both sides of the cylindrical housing, and the drum can freely rotate inside the cylindrical housing, while the opposite portions of the wire cable extend outward from the assembled device and can be used for their securing purpose. The cable ends are fabricated in a male/female combination in the form of mutually lockable elements. In order to retract the cable into the cylindrical housing, the handles are manually rotated in either clock-wise or counter clock-wise direction to take in the entire length of the cable into the housing leaving just the lockable cable ends outside of the housing.
It should be noted, however, that no end of the cable is positively secured to the rotating cable drum or to the housing. This intentional feature enables the users when cable is completely withdrawn, to pull one end of the cable through the rotating cable drum until the opposite cable end is adjacent to the exterior surface of the device housing. Furthermore, the outer surface of the cable does not wind onto the rotating cable drum. Therefore, rotation of the drum opposite the retracted direction will not extend the cable out from the locking device. The cable sections can be pulled out from the locking device only by applying the manual equal pulling force to both cable ends in opposite outward directions from the device housing. However, the projecting ends of the cable can be retracted back into the housing of the device by rotating the handle portion of the rotating cable drum in the retracting direction, or if the entire length of the cable is exposed, the cable can be retracted by rotating the handle in either a clock or counter clock-wise direction.
More specifically, when the drum is rotated with the cable passing through the openings of the drum and housing and between the hubs, e.g., in the form of a straight line, the cranking action of the hubs deforms the cable first in the form of letter “S” (for a viewer from the handle side of the drum) and then continues retracting of the cable in the form of a plurality of “S”-shaped turns arranged side by side parallel to each other on the drum by being guided by the inner surface of the outer casing and the diametrically opposed openings in the housing while contained by the interior surface of the housing. The space between the rotating cable drum and interior housing surface prevents the cable from retracting on a prior turn(s), and moves the prior retracted cable to the center of the rotating cable drum to allow the cable to continue to manually be retracted into the housing.
The aforementioned outward radial projection formed on the outer surface of the cylindrical housing can be connected to an adapter of a holding structure used for securing the locking device of the invention to the bicycle. The holding structure can be made, e.g., in the form of a coupling mechanism for coupling with the lock and a flexible strap with ratchet-like teeth. The coupling structure has a latch section latching in the wedge trough with two extendable button extended from two sides to insert into apertures formed on two sides of the wedge trough so that the coupling structure and the holding structure form a firm coupling. The adapter can be provided with an unlocking mechanism with a push button for activation of the unlocking mechanism. The device for attachment to the bicycle can be embodied in many other ways.
In use, the ends of the cable are fashioned into loops or other configurations which are of a size to maintain it outside of the housing. The cable is manually dispensed to its desired length so as to completely run through the bicycle frame, both wheels, around a stationary object, or the like, and the ends of the cable are locked together by means of the locking elements on the opposite ends of the wire cable. The extended length of the wire cable is then retracted into the housing by rotating the externally exposed handle(s) of the rotating cable drum.
To unsecure the bicycle, the user unlocks the lock that secures the ends of the wire cable, releases the cable from the stationary element, such as a post, fence, etc., that holds the bicycle, frees the cable from the elements of the bicycle frame or/and wheels. if necessary, the user can disconnect the locking device from the holding structure from where it is mounted.
For convenience of storage, the cable is retracted back into the housing of the locking device by rotating the rotating cable drum and retracting the wire cable into the housing in a manner described above.
a), (b), and (c) are schematic views similar to
The anti-theft cable locking device of the invention is particularly suited for securing a bicycle but is not limited only to such application. A general view of the locking device of the invention, which as a whole is designated by reference numeral 20, is shown in
Let us now consider the main parts of the locking device 20 of the invention in more detail with reference to the attached drawings, where
In the illustrated embodiment (
As can be seen from
The housing 22 has on its outer surface a radial outward protrusion that is formed by two protrusion elements 22e and 22f, as shown in
The wire cable 30 is a continuous, semi-rigid straight wire cable or wire rope with inherent memory-like physical properties to maintain its shape. The length of the cable in the herein invention is 1.50 m to 2.0 m, but the length can be longer or shorter. In other words, the cable should be sufficiently long for forming a secure closed loop around elements of the bicycle and stationary structural items such as a post, fence, etc., and at the same time sufficiently short for holding the cable completely hidden in a wound state inside the housing 22. The diameter of the cable is relational to the space between the inner surface of the housing 22 and the outer surface of the rotating cable drum 24 onto which the cable 30 is retracted and should be smaller than the aforementioned space. In other words, the diameter of the cable 30 should not exceed dimension D shown in
The opposite ends of the wire cable 30 are provided with loops, or mutually engageable and interlocking elements, such as, e.g., an insertable deadbolt 32 and a dial-type cylinder that locks and releases the deadbolt only when a certain combination of numbers is aligned on the composite dial cylinder 34. An example of such a combination lock is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,899,099 (May 1999).
Let us now consider in more detail the aforementioned cable rotating drum 24, which is located inside the cylindrical housing 22 and is composed of a pair of the symmetric substantially cylindrical parts 24a and 24b having on their outer sides handles 50 and 52 for rotation of the drum in the direction of withdrawing the cable 30 into the interior of the cylindrical housing 22 while the other sides of the symmetric cylindrical parts 24a and 24b are connected and locked to each other in butt connection though engagement of projections 54a, 54b on one of the parts, e.g., the part 24a, with the recess 56a, 56b of the other part, i.e., the part 24b. The projections 54a, 54b and the recesses 56a, 58b are formed on pairs of diametrically arranged hubs 58a, 58b and 60a, 60b formed on the facing sides of the aforementioned symmetric cylindrical parts 24a and 24b. The hubs extends in directions parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum 24.
As has been mentioned above, the hubs 58a, 58b and 60a, 60b, which are monolithically molded with the rest of the bodies of the respective cable-driving drum parts, have a space 25 (
During assembly, the two cylindrical parts 24a and 24b of the rotating cable drum are assembled with each other by inserting the projections 54a and 56a on the end faces of the hubs 58 and 60 into respective recesses 54b and 56b on the facing end faces of the hubs. During assembling of the cylindrical parts of the rotating cable drum 24 the central part of the wire cable 30, which in this case is straighten out, is placed into the opening formed between the hubs 58 and 60 and is loosely sandwiched between them. In an assembled state with the wire cable 30 between the cylindrical parts 24a and 24b of the drum 24, these parts are nested in the respective symmetrical cylindrical parts 22a and 22b of the cylindrical housing 22 which are snapped together though the engagement of the projection 22c with the recess 22d (
Thus, the semi-rigid wire cable is retracted by the outer surface of the drum 24 in the space (having the radial size D (
As has been mentioned above, the cable 30 does not wind onto the drum 24. Therefore, rotation of the drum 30 opposite the retracted direction will not extend the cable 30 out from the locking device 20. The cable sections can be pulled out from the locking device 20 only by applying the pulling equal manually force to both cable ends in the outward direction from the device housing 22. However, the projecting ends of the cable 30 can be retracted back into the housing 22 of the device 20 by rotating the rotating cable drum handles 50 and 52 in the continuous desired direction.
A mounting device 26 (
The mechanism of retracting and directing of the cable 30 inside the device 20 will now be described with reference to
More specifically, when the drum 24 is rotated with the cable 30 passing through the openings 44 and 46 (
The space defined by dimension D (
In use, the ends of the cable 30 are fashioned into loops or other configurations which are of a size to maintain it outside of the housing 22 (
For disconnection of the locking device from the bicycle, the user unlocked the lock that holds the ends 32 and 34 of the wire cable 30, releases the cable 30 from the stationary element, such as a post 40 that holds the bicycle, frees the cable 30 from the elements of the bicycle frame or/and wheels, and, if necessary, disconnects the holding structure 26 from the bicycle frame.
For convenience of storage, the cable 30 is retracted back into the housing 22 of the locking device 20 by rotating the rotating cable drum 24 (
Thus it has been shown that the bicycle anti-theft cable locking device of the invention is simple in construction, easy to manufacture, involves a minimum of different parts, is composed of durable easily, inexpensively manufactured molded plastic parts, can be easily operated by a left- and right-handed person, is provided with a cable storage unit for storing the unused portion of the cable during the use or for storing the entire cable during storage of the device, eliminates the dangerous tension and auto-retractable operation and internal part complexity revealed in the prior art, and can be secured without damage to the bicycle or injure to the user.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the description is illustrative of the invention and is not to be considered as limiting the invention. Various modifications and applications may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention. For example, The housing parts can be connected by means different from irreversible snapping connection, e.g., they can be connected by screws, or permanently welded together by thermal welding, bonding by means of an adhesive agent, etc. Alternatively, the cable can be situated so that it is fixed at the midpoint of the continuous cable between hubs to prevent sliding. The cable ends can be secured and locked by means other than the interlocking elements shown in the drawings. The mounting system can also have the option of being permanently fixed to the desired location, and not have the ability to rotate or insert and release from the mount.