Anti-wrap device for a web press

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 6298782
  • Patent Number
    6,298,782
  • Date Filed
    Monday, January 5, 1998
    26 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, October 9, 2001
    22 years ago
Abstract
A system and method for preventing a broken printing web from wrapping about or otherwise fouling the blanket cylinders of printing press units. The system and method includes a web tensioning device located downstream of the printing press units for maintaining tension upon a broken web and pulling the web from the printing press units. The device includes a plurality of web disturbance detectors for detecting a wave, ripple or other disturbance indicative of a web break. A pair of anti-wrap rollers located above and below the web are engaged upon detection of a web break to engage the web between them to exert tension onto the web and pull it from the printing units. The anti-wrap rollers are rotated at a surface speed nominally greater than the surface speed of the printing rolls. The anti-wrap rollers include a plurality of opposed peak and valley portions which enable them to interlock and grip the web along a line of contact. The system and method also includes a flow bar system to reduce false detections of a web break. A blow-down bar is also used to force air, or some other fluid, downward on a broken web so as to harmlessly force the broken web to the ground as it exits the web tensioning device. A series of sensors which project two beams in the form of a crossing pattern are utilized to more rapidly and accurately detect a web break.
Description




FIELD OF THE INVENTION




This invention relates generally to a web control mechanism for preventing damage to a printing unit of a printing press in the event of a substantial loss of tension in a running web exiting from the printing unit such as would be caused by a break in the web and, more particularly, to a flow bar system for enhancing such web control mechanisms. The invention is particularly useful in the commercial heat-set printing market where the printed product exits to dryer and chill units.




BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION




In a typical printing unit the printed product is discharged from the printing unit and typically is directed downstream through a dryer unit, followed by a chill unit. Problems occur when a web break occurs downstream of the press such as in the dryer or chill unit.




Should there be a web break there is a possibility that the web will be directed back to the printing press where it will become entangled in the press rolls. More particularly, the end of the printing web may wrap around the blanket cylinder damaging the blanket and resulting in substantial down time and blanket expense. This problem is particularly acute when the operator is not even aware of the web break.




The prior art has suggested several solutions to the problem. One proposed solution is to provide sensor means for detecting web breaks within the dryer and/or chill units. The detectors may be of the air, infra-red, photoelectric, contact, ultrasonic or other type capable of detecting a web break and signalling such information to a circuit which would cause the press to stop its operation. However, the press may be running at speeds of 1,000 to 3,000 feet per minute. The press rolls do not stop immediately but periodically decelerate over a period of time perhaps ten seconds. During this period of time, substantial printed product can be emitted from the press causing damage to the blankets by wrapping in the printing units.




In order to alleviate the problem some prior art devices utilize a web break detector which not only provides a signal which stops the press but also activates knife means or other severing device which severs the web. Preferably, the web severing device is located before the dryer so as to reduce the amount of untensioned web. But since there is a period of time before the press stops, there remains the possibility that the untensioned web will go back to the press units and be wrapped around the blanket cylinders.




In prior art web break detectors, the web break is detected mechanically, optically or electrically which activates a shearing mechanism downstream of the printing unit and shuts down the printing unit to prevent additional printed product from issuing from the printing press. During the time period between the web breaks and the press shut down, the paper printed product will continue to issue. However, since there is no tension in the printed product due to the web break, the paper web will become entangled with the blanket cylinder and impression cylinder and may wrap around the blanket in the blanket cylinder. Typically, the blanket on the blanket cylinder is fragile in nature and may easily be compressed or otherwise damaged. When this occurs the blanket may have to be replaced, which can be expensive. The blanket cylinder is also somewhat inaccessible. Accordingly, it is a time consuming, complicated task to remove the wound printed web from the blanket and associated cylinders and after this is done the blanket must be removed and then replaced by a new, fresh blanket. All of these steps are time consuming and will result in substantial press down time.




There have been numerous attempts to overcome the problems associated with the detection of a breakage of printed product during the printing process.




Another proposed solution eliminates the necessity for a web severing device. One such prior art attempt is shown and described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,846,060 to Proctor entitled “Printing Web Tensioning System.” This prior art practice involves the use of at least a pair of rollers sometimes called anti-wrap rollers which are positioned downstream of the printing unit and immediately before the drying units. These rollers are normally positioned one on the upper and one on the lower side of the printing web. In normal operation, the rollers are spaced apart and not in contact with the web. Upon detection of a web disturbance indicating a likelihood of or actual web break, a mechanism is activated which causes the rollers on opposite sides of the web to come together with the printed product between the rolls along the width of the web. The rollers are rotated at a synchronized speed with respect to the speed of the printing cylinders. In this way, tension is supposed to be maintained on the web and the web will not be wrapped around and become entangled with the printing rollers. Although a certain amount of paper will be wasted as it is directed to the floor, such waste is minimal as compared to the problems, waste and expense associated with wrap around the blanket cylinders.




Another prior art proposal is shown and described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,549,485 entitled Paper Web Seizing Apparatus For Use With Printing Machinery. In this prior art device, rollers are provided so as to cause the broken web to wrap around rollers which are positioned downstream of the printing press.




Prior art devices made in accordance with U.S. Pat. No. 4,846,060 and modified versions thereof, have met with a certain amount of success in the commercial field when used at relatively low press speeds such as not in excess of 1200-1600 feet per minute.




One problem that has arisen with certain prior art devices is the perceived necessity for speed synchronism between the last printing rolls and the anti-wrap rolls so that the surface speed of these rolls is identical. It is very difficult to obtain the same surface speed for the last press rolls and the anti-wrap rolls for a variety of reasons such as problems associated with gearing, motors and the diameter of the respective rollers as well as diameter changes that occur from wrapping the web on the anti-wrap rollers.




If the surface speed of the anti-wrap rolls is slower than the surface speed of the press roll slack may occur in the area between the press rolls and the anti-wrap rolls. If a sufficient build up of slack occurs, the slack may work back to the press rolls and become wrapped around the blanket. Alternatively, if the surface speed of the anti-wrap rolls is too fast relative to the press rolls, excessive tension may result causing the web to break, causing the end of the web to wrap around the blanket. This may occur regardless of the press speed.




In addition, significant problems arise when the press speeds are increased above about 1600 feet per minute. In particular problems arise when the press speed is raised to about 3000 feet per minute. At these press speeds it has been found that it takes at least about seven seconds for a press to decelerate to a stop position after web detectors have signalled a press stop-page. During the time interval between the web break and the actual stopping of the press rolls it is possible that about 300 feet of paper will be fed through the last press feeding rollers. Without the anti-wrap rollers, the press rollers will become excessively wrapped and entangled with the printing product emitted from the press after the web breakage.




Additional problems may occur where the press is equipped with anti-wrap mechanisms such as in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,846,060 and/or 4,549,485. The problem is that the diameter of these rolls will increase when the anti-wrap rolls thereafter are wrapped at a rate which will cause the roller speed to decrease and prevent all the excess printed web product from being taken up by such rollers. When this occurs the excess printed web product will be fed back to the printing press will cause the same problem of wrap around of the blanket cylinder as occurs without anti-wrap rollers.




Although the problems to which this invention is directed is not limited to breakage occurring in presses having dryer units, the breakage is more likely to occur in such an environment due to the severe temperature differentials.




Another problem associated with accurately detecting a web break is the frequent occurrences of false alarms (i.e. detecting a web break when the web is, in fact, not broken) because of a problem known as web flutter. Web flutter occurs when the web moves in a direction perpendicular to the web as it flows through the press and/or web break detector. Should the web flutter excessively, sensors mounted to detect a web break may falsely signal a web break. Attempts have been made to alleviate web flutter. These attempts include those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,913,049 and 5,056,431 to Sainio. The Sainio attempts to alleviate web flutter utilize a so-called Bernoulli-Effect Stabilizer. Such a Bernoulli-Effect Stabilizer is however unnecessarily complex.




Other devices have been used which propel air against the web. One such device is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,448,907 to Otepka et al. a patent owned by Baldwin, the assignee of the present invention. In this device, two angled nozzles mix and propel air toward the web. Such an angled nozzle relationship is also, however, unnecessarily complex.




Another problem associated with detecting a web break is the inability to detect a web break even though a broken web flutters into a detection beam projected by an optical sensor. Such detection beams may have a thickness such that, when a broken web initially flutters, the broken web may fail to completely block the beam. Such a failure prevents the sensor from detecting the web break. Ultimately, the web will likely flutter fully across (and therefore break) the beam, thereby initiating the web break mechanism. Valuable time, however, may be lost in the sensor's inability to more rapidly detect the web break.




One complicated attempt addressing the issue of web detection is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,163,371 to Kotterer et al. and U.S. Pat No. 5,130,557 to Kettle. In these patents, a device is shown in which a sensor is used to constantly detect the presence of the web and a nozzle is used to blow an edge of the web so that, upon a break in the web, the edge is pushed out of the sensing range of the sensor. However, because this arrangement focuses on blowing air on the edge of the web and directing a sensor toward this edge, this arrangement requires precise targeting of the nozzle and sensor toward the edge of the web. Any misalignment will render this arrangement inoperative. Moreover, if webs of varying width are used, the nozzle and sensor must be moved and/or realigned so that they focus on the edge of the web. These drawbacks make such an arrangement unnecessarily difficult to consistently operate.




The instant invention alleviates the aforementioned problems.




OBJECTS




With the foregoing in mind an object of this invention is to provide a mechanism for preventing damage to the press rolls of a printing press as a result of web breakage of the printed web product downstream of the press.




Another object of the invention is to provide a mechanism which minimizes down time and damage resulting from web breaks, after the printed web product moves downstream of the press.




Another object of this invention is to provide a mechanism for preventing excessive diameter build up on anti-wrap rollers so as to prevent wrapping of printed web product around the press rolls.




A still further object of this invention is to provide a mechanism for preventing severed printed product from returning to and being wrapped around the press rolls in the event of downstream web breakage by providing means for directing severed web product downwardly toward the floor.




A still further object of the invention is to provide a new and improved anti-wrap roll structure for preventing severed printed web from wrapping around the blanket cylinders by engaging the web at predetermined locations along the width of the running web.




A further object of this invention is to provide a mechanism for preventing blanket damage of the anti-wrap roll type that does not require synchronization between the surface speed of the press rolls and the anti-wrap rolls.




Another object of this invention is to provide a mechanism for preventing web wrap around the surface speed of the press cylinders when the presses are operating at high speed.




A further object of this invention is to provide a mechanism for preventing web wrap around the press cylinder when the press speed is in the range of 2000-3000 feet per minute, or higher.




Another object of this invention is to provide knife or stripper finger means in cooperative relationship with anti-wrap rollers and located downstream of the press rolls having means to engage the web at predetermined locations along the width of the web for preventing severed printed product from returning from the anti-wrap rollers to the printing press rolls in the event of web breakage downstream of the anti-wrap rollers.




Another object of this invention is to provide anti-wrap rolls in engagement with the web from the press located downstream of the printing press which rolls are uniquely constructed and arranged so that the surface speed thereof can be greater than the surface speed of the press rolls to permit the printed web to be dragged from the press without breaking the web.




A still further object of this invention is to provide anti-wrap rolls downstream of the printing press in conjunction with blade means for preventing the printed web product from being wrapped around the anti-wrap rolls.




Another object of this invention is to provide an anti-wrap mechanism wherein the rolls operate at a surface speed greater than the press rolls and which includes finger means positioned within grooves of the anti-wrap rolls for preventing printed web product from wrapping around the anti-wrap rolls.




It is another object of the present invention to reduce false alarms in web break detection.




It is another object of the present invention to provide a system which enhances optical detection of web breaks.




It is another object of the present invention to provide a cost-effective system to enhance accurate web break detection.




Additional objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description; the objects and advantages being realized and attained by means of the instrumentation, parts, apparatus, systems, steps and procedures particularly pointed out in the appended claims.




BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION




Briefly described, the invention relates to a new and improved press system for use after printed product web breaks for preventing the printed web from returning to the press where it can become entangled in and wrap around the press rolls, particularly the blanket roll. More particularly, the invention relates to novel and improved anti-wrap rolls and accompanying apparatus which includes means for preventing a severed web from being wrapped around the anti-wrap rolls and for preventing the severed web from returning to the press rolls.




More particularly, the invention relates to an anti-wrap press tensioning system by which a wave or ripple or web break activates web disturbance sensors. The sensors are connected to means for moving the anti-wrap rolls relative to one another and cause the position of the anti-wrap rolls to move from an inoperative (or disengaged) position to an operative (or engaged) position where the rolls are adapted to engage the running web. The rolls include engaging means for engaging the web with longitudinal line contact at predetermined locations transversely across the width of the web. The engaging means includes a plurality of alternate circumferential flat clearance or groove portions and circumferential raised flat ring portions or web engaging. The rolls are arranged so that the groove portions of one roll are aligned with the raised ring portion of the adjacent roll. The invention includes means for preventing the printed web product from wrapping around the anti-wrap roll by providing knife stripper means for directing the web away from the nip between such rolls.




The invention further includes finger means in cooperative relationship with the grooves of at least one of the grooved rolls so as to prevent the web from wrapping around the rolls. The fingers are constructed so that the web is directed in an outward direction away from the printing press units.




The invention consists of the novel parts, constructions, arrangements, combinations shown and described.











The accompanying drawings which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification illustrate an embodiment of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.




BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS




The invention will now be described in greater detail by way of reference to the following drawings, wherein:





FIG. 1

is a schematic overview illustrating a typical prior art web break detection system employed in conjunction with a typical multi-printing unit heat-set press;





FIG. 2

is a schematic overview illustrating the web anti-wrap device of the present invention employed in conjunction with a typical multi-printing unit heat-set press;





FIG. 3A

is a frontal isometric view illustrating one embodiment of the web anti-wrap device illustrating the web disturbance detectors;





FIG. 3B

is a rear isometric view of the embodiment illustration in

FIG. 3A

illustrating the relation of the web stripper fingers;





FIG. 3C

is a frontal view of the embodiment illustrated in

FIGS. 3A-3B

showing the relation of the web disturbance detectors to the web and to the anti-wrap rollers;





FIG. 3D

is a cut-away side view of the embodiment illustrated in

FIGS. 3A-3C

as taken along line


3


D—


3


D of

FIG. 3C

;





FIG. 4A

is a side view of the embodiment shown in

FIGS. 3A-3D

illustrating the drive arrangement for the anti-wrap rollers;





FIG. 4B

is a partial cutaway side view of the embodiment shown in

FIG. 4A

further illustrating the configuration of the upper and lower carriages, the vertical rods, and the springs;





FIG. 4C

is a cutaway side view taken along line


4


C—


4


C of

FIG. 4B

;





FIG. 5

is a rear view of the embodiment as illustrated in

FIGS. 3A-4C

illustrating the web anti-wrap rollers in a disengaged position from the web;





FIG. 6

is a second rear view of the embodiment illustrated in

FIGS. 3A-4C

illustrating the web anti-wrap rollers in their engaged position with respect to the web;





FIG. 7

is a cut-away side view of the embodiment illustrated in

FIGS. 3A-6

, showing the stripper fingers at the outlet side of the device and the relation of the stripper fingers to the web anti-wrap rollers when disengaged from the web;





FIG. 8

is a second cut-away side view of the embodiment depicted in

FIGS. 3A-6

, illustrating the stripper fingers and their relation to the web anti-wrap rollers when the anti-wrap rollers are in an engaged position with regard to the web; and





FIG. 9

is a schematic illustration of the control arrangement for the device.





FIG. 10

is a diagram of the sinusoidal wave effect on a web (flutter) as the web passes through the anti-wrap system of the present invention.





FIG. 11

is a diagram of the flow bar system of the present invention.





FIG. 12

is a side view of the cross-beam sensor arrangement and a portion of the flow bar system of the present invention.











DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION




Turning now to the drawings, wherein like numerals designate like components,

FIG. 1

illustrates a prior application of a web-break detector, as employed in the art, for a multiple printing unit heat set press system. As shown, the press might include a plurality of printing units


10


A-


10


D, each having one or more blanket impression cylinder combinations


5


employed in the printing process. When the printing units are running, the blanket cylinders


5


feed a continuous paper web


30


through the printing units, from an infeed unit


2


upstream from the printing units


10


A-


10


D and then through a web dryer unit


35


and a chill unit


40


downstream of the printing units


10


A-


10


D employed to complete the printing process.




Oftentimes, thermal stresses imposed on web


30


as the web is first heated in the dryer and/or then cooled in the chill unit, can cause the web to break downstream of printing units


10


A-


10


D. In order to control the printing process, a plurality of web-break detectors


15


can be provided at various points in the system to detect when the web


30


breaks. Similar web break detectors


25


may be provided within the dryer units. The web-break detectors, which typically operate on infra-red, photoelectric, contact, ultrasonic, or other known principles, will, upon web breakage, detect the absence of the web


30


to relay a signal to the affected press units


10


A-


10


D to stop their operation. As previously described, printing press units as encountered in use will oftentimes be operating at a speed in the range of 1,000 to 3,000 feet per minute, so that the stopping time of any press unit may take up to six to ten seconds, or longer.




Thus, in the event of a web break, there is the danger that, as printing units


10


A-


10


D slow to a stop, the length of broken web


30


emanating from infeed


2


and through the printing units


10


A-


10


D will reverse direction to feed back through the printing units and wrap around one or more of the blanket cylinders


5


, thereby potentially causing the breakage of or disastrous effects to the blanket cylinders


5


located within the affected printing units.




In an attempt to prevent such deleterious effects,

FIG. 1

illustrates that a prior practice entailed providing a plurality of web severing units


20


, oftentimes located both prior to the first printing unit


10


A and then after the last printing unit


10


D adjacent the dryer unit


35


. The web severing units would sever web


30


upon detection of a break to minimize the length of web


30


back-tracking upstream to the printing units


10


A-


10


D as the presses were slowing to a stop. However, because the press units


10


A-


10


D cannot come to an immediate stop, the blanket cylinders


5


continue to turn on deceleration, insuring that a quantity of broken web


30


would still wrap on to the blanket cylinders


5


and, in all probability, cause damage to the soft surfaced blanket cylinders.




To overcome these and other problems encountered with the prior practice,

FIG. 2

illustrates a similar press system configuration as shown in

FIG. 1

, but employing the web anti-wrap device


50


according to the present invention. Because web breaks, as previously explained, will typically occur downstream from the press units, the anti-wrap device


50


is typically placed between the last printing unit


10


D and the dryer


35


.




As can be seen in

FIG. 2

, dryer web detectors


25


have detected a web break within the dryer unit


35


. However, unlike in prior systems which require a speed match with the press rollers, the anti-wrap device


50


is engaged so that the rolls direct and pull web


30


out of the printing press units


10


A-


10


D, without requiring a speed match with the press rolls, while those press units are decelerating to a complete stop. The web


30


will be directed away from the printing press units and harmlessly gathered on the shop floor space located between the device


50


and the dryer. Thus, the possibility of any wrapping of the broken web


30


back upstream from the dryer unit


35


and around the blanket cylinders


5


of the last printing unit


10


D, or on any other of the printing units, is eliminated.





FIGS. 3A through 8

illustrate a preferred embodiment


50


of an anti-wrap device according to the present invention.




Turning to

FIGS. 4A-6

, the anti-wrap device


50


includes a frame


51


formed from two pairs of opposed vertical beams


55


A,


55


B. The frame


51


is braced across the front (web inlet) side and back (web outlet) side of the device by a pair of horizontal beams


75


bolted or otherwise affixed at their ends between the pairs of opposed vertical beams


55


A,


55


B. Frame


51


also includes two pairs of opposed side beams


85


A,


85


B that are affixed on both sides of device


50


between each opposed pair of vertical beams


55


A,


55


B.




As best seen in

FIGS. 4A-6

, the device


50


includes a pair of upper carriages


70


A,


71


A and lower carriages


70


B,


71


B located between each pair of opposed vertical beams


55


A,


55


B. The carriages are employed to carry the horizontally disposed anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B, as will be more fully described. The outside edges of carriages which engage the sides of vertical beams


55


A,


55


B may be contained and shaped by means of bearings or other means (not shown) known in the art to enable the carriages


70


A,


71


A,


70


B,


71


B to be slidingly movable in a vertical direction between and along the lengths of vertical beams


55


A,


55


B.




As shown in

FIGS. 4A-4C

, means are provided to displace the carriages


70


A,


71


A,


70


B,


71


B along the vertical beams. The means may include, for example, a plurality of pneumatic cylinders


80


. The device features four such cylinders, one affixed to each end of both of the horizontal beams


75


. Referring to

FIGS. 4B and 4C

, the cylinders each include a piston


81


that is free to run through and guided by a respective bore drilled or otherwise formed through side beams


85


A,


85


B. The free ends of the pistons


81


will then engage a respective upper carriage


70


A,


71


A or lower carriage


71


A,


71


B to be affixed or otherwise attached thereto. As will be later described, the displacement of the pistons


81


may be adjusted according to user need or desire to vary the displacement between anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B in both their web engaged position (

FIGS. 6 and 8

) or when disengaged from web


30


(FIGS.


5


and


7


). Factors dictating the spacing between the rollers include individual requirements of the press, such the thickness of the web


30


and the desired tension to be imparted thereto. In addition, to provide as rapid response as possible once a web break is detected, the pistons


81


may be set to provide a minimal necessary clearance (typically in the range of 1-2″) to allow web


30


to pass between rollers


60


A,


60


B when the press units


10


A-D are engaged and running.




The reaction time of the device in engaging web


30


following a web break is important. The more rapid the reaction time, the less likely it will be that web


30


can backlash upstream to damage blanket cylinders


5


. In accordance with the invention, jump start reaction time means are provided to reduce the time between web break and web engagement with the anti-wrap rollers. As embodied, a “jump start” spring construction can be provided to assist the pneumatic cylinders


80


to move the carriages


70


A,


71


A,


70


B,


71


B and thus rolls


60


A,


60


B into their web engaging position in as rapid a manner as possible.




As seen in

FIGS. 4A-4C

, a pair of vertical rods


91


are vertically affixed, at their respective ends, to each of the side beams


85


A,


85


B. Referring to

FIG. 4B

, the rods


91


are passed through and are carried by respective bearings


200


journaled at each corner of the upper carriages


70


A,


71


A and the lower carriages,


70


B,


71


B, the rods thereafter passing completely through and freely, slidingly oriented and guided through bores or holes drilled or otherwise formed through respective upper carriages


70


A,


71


A and lower carriages


70


B,


71


B. As shown in

FIGS. 4A-4C

, springs


90


A are threaded about each of the vertical rods


91


and wedged between the side beams


85


A (or


85


B) and a respective upper carriage


70


A,


71


A (or lower carriage


70


B,


71


B). To overcome any gravitational effects exerted upon the lower carriages


70


B,


71


B, a spring


90


B may be threaded about each of the pistons


81


of the lower pair of cylinders


80


and oriented in a similar manner. The springs will assist the pneumatic cylinders


80


to move the carriages


70


A,


71


A,


70


B,


71


B along the rods


91


and adjacent the vertical beams


55


A,


55


B. Typically, springs


90


A may have a spring constant in the range of 68.53 lb./in, with spring


90


B being somewhat stiffer and having a spring constant of about 246 lb./in to overcome any dynamic resistance exerted against it by piston


81


as the piston is urged towards the web engaging position.




The springs


90


A and


90


B thus constantly urge the upper and lower carriages toward an operative position and will cause movement thereof before the activating cylinders


80


are charged by activation of the web break detector means.




As previously mentioned, and as best seen on

FIGS. 5-8

, the device features web anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B which are rotatably mounted between the upper carriages


70


A,


71


A and the lower carriages


70


B,


71


B, respectively. The anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B may be machined or otherwise formed from any suitable material such as steel, aluminum, cooper or the like. In order to promote a positive, even pulling force on the web, the rollers


60


A,


60


B are preferably dimensioned to be about


14


inches longer than the width of the web


30


for which the device is designed.




As seen in

FIGS. 5 and 6

, the ends


61


A,


61


B of roller


60


A is rotatably journaled via bearings or the like (not shown) to corresponding carriages


70


A,


71


A, with end


61


B extending through the width of carriage


71


A. The ends


62


A,


62


B of the anti-wrap roller


60


B is similarly configured with regard to lower carriages


70


B,


71


B, with one end


62


B extending through the width of carriage


71


B.




As shown, the anti-wrap rollers include a plurality of web engaging rings


65


A,


65


B for exerting a gripping action onto the web as it is pulled through the device. As illustrated, the engaging rings are evenly displaced along the length of their corresponding rollers


60


A,


60


B. The rings


65


A,


65


B are preferably formed of rubber and may have a hardness rating of 50 durometer. The rings


65


A,


65


B may be fixedly attached to the anti-wrap rollers by suitable mechanical joining methods, such as tongue and groove fitting or force fitting, or they may be adhered to the anti-wrap rollers with conventional adhesives or bonding techniques. Preferably, adjacent rings


65


A (or


65


B) are spaced 1½″-2″ apart from one another to define and provide adequate clearance portions or spaces between adjacent rings (see dimension “X”, FIG.


6


).




In accordance with the invention, means are provided for engaging the running printed web at predetermined selected locations along the width of the running web.




The engaging means may engage the web with line contact at selected predetermined locations in the longitudinal direction (along the length of the web) so as to exert sufficient force to pull web


30


through the rolls from the press units


10


A-


10


D. With a line contact rather planar contact, slippage can occur, thereby preventing excessive tension which could cause web breakage. Due to the resilient covering on the rolls, the rolls can be adjusted so that the line (sometimes called “stripe”) contact can range from thin to relatively thick. In the alternative, the engaging means may engage the web with planar contact by properly aligning the peaks and valleys of the rolls.




As embodied and shown, rings


65


A and


65


B are arranged in a staggered configuration. That is to say, a given ring


65


A will not be directly opposed by a ring


65


B; rather, a given ring


65


A will be oriented to interlock with and fit into the clearance space (dimension “X”) formed between adjacent rings


65


B when the anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B are in an engaged configuration (see FIGS.


6


and


8


). The staggered arrangement permits the anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B to thus “capture” and engage the web in an interlocking manner with line rather than planar contact.




To this end, it is preferable that each interlocking pair of rings


65


A/


65


B not make a direct surface contact with the web. Instead, as previously described, it is preferred that upon the activation of cylinders


80


, the pistons


81


will extend to engage the rollers


60


A,


60


B to establish a clearance gap of approximately ⅛″ to ⅜″ between each interlocking pair of opposed rings


65


A/


65


B as measured along a 45° diagonal (See dimension “Y”, FIG.


6


). The anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B will thus engage web


30


in line contact at selected predetermined locations along the diagonals when in the engaged position (FIG.


6


), so that web


30


will be “captured” between the anti-wrap rollers and drawn through the rollers


60


A,


60


B in a substantially rectangular sinusoidal cross-section. Because of the clearance gaps between the interlocked pairs of opposed rings


65


A/


65


B, (see dimension “Y”), web


30


may freely pass between the anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B. Owing to the interlocking action of the rollers upon the web, the rollers may exert sufficient pulling action on the web without imparting any undue tension upon the web or creating a nip point between rollers


60


A,


60


B. In the event the tension becomes excessive, slippage between the web and rolls will occur, thereby reducing the tension.




As seen in

FIGS. 4A-6

, the device includes means for rotating the anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B. For example, a roller drive motor


100


may be attached to a plate


101


affixed to one side of frame


51


. A pair of roller pulleys


95


A,


95


B are affixed to the respective protruding ends


61


B,


62


B of the anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B. A pulley


110


, mounted to the output shaft of motor


100


, serves to transmit rotational force to the anti-wrap rollers via a drive belt


105


. A pair of idler pulleys


115


are rotatably affixed to side beams


85


A,


85


B and engaged with the belt


105


to promote the even transmission of power from the motor


100


.




In addition, a tensioning pulley


120


may be provided to automatically maintain proper tension on belt


105


as the rollers


60


A,


60


B travel up and down with their respective carriages


70


A,


71


A and


70


B,


71


B. As shown in

FIGS. 4A and 5

, the tensioning pulley


120


is rotatably affixed to an arm portion


125


which itself is rotatably mounted to a beam


55


B. Arm portion


125


is biased against rotation by a spring


130


. As the vertical positions of the rollers


60


A,


60


B are altered, the extended length of belt


105


will be varied so that the belt will exert a radial force either towards or away from the pulley


120


; as such, arm portion


125


compensates for this length variation and, because of spring


130


, will be biasingly and automatically rotated clockwise or counterclockwise, as appropriate, to maintain a proper tension on the belt


105


.




As previously described, the speed of anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B is configured to be somewhat above the running speed of the printing press units


10


A-D. Typically, the surface speed of the anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B can be configured to be in the range of 25 to 50%, or more, faster than the operating speed of printing units


10


A-


10


D, to ensure that the anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B will exert a positive and sufficient pulling action on the web emanating from the printing units in the event of web break. To this end, the speed output of motor


100


can be controlled by the system controller


150


and linked to a printing press tactometer


160


itself operatively linked, for example, to the last printing unit


10


D. As the speed of the printing unit


10


D is varied, appropriate signals are relayed by the tachometer


160


to controller


150


in order to adjust the speed output of motor


100


and, hence, the running speed of the anti-wrap rollers to ensure that the anti-wrap rollers constantly rotate at a greater speed than the printing units. In one embodiment, once the web break has been detected, the system controller


150


adjusts the circuit logic associated with the anti-wrap rollers so that it no longer tracks press speed, but rather seeks to maximize torque on the anti-wrap rollers. Advantageously, the staggered, spaced configuration of the anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B, together with the greater speed of the anti-wrap rollers above the running speed of printing press units


10


A-


10


D, assure a sufficient action upon and positive drive of the web as the printing units are slowed, without any unnecessary tension or strain imparted upon the web by the rollers


60


A,


60


B.




Alternatively, one skilled in the art will realize that the system can be configured to permit the anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B to rotate at a constant, fixed speed which is greater than the maximum operating speed of the printing press units


10


A-


10


D for which the device is designed. Thus, the system in general and/or motor


100


may be configured to run the anti-wrap rollers at, for example, a fixed 25-50% speed differential greater than the maximum speed of the press units


10


A-


10


D. In this manner, the system will ensure that the rollers


60


A,


60


B are always operating at a greater speed than the press units


10


A-


10


D, thereby eliminating the need to monitor press speed with tachometer


160


and/or the attendant problems which might be encountered should tachometer


160


, its connection to system controller


150


, or the controller


150


itself, malfunction or fail.




In certain present printing operations press speeds have been increased to about 3000 feet per minute and possibly higher. An inherent problem occurs at such higher speeds in that, in the event of a web break, there is a higher likelihood that the blanket cylinder will be subjected to damage caused by wrapping of the broken web. The invention is particularly adopted for such higher press speeds by the provision of stripper finger means for preventing web wrap around the anti-wrap rolls. As embodied, this stripper or knife means includes a plurality of stripper knife-fingers


140


A and


140


B (see, i.e., FIGS.


3


A and


3


B).





FIGS. 7 and 8

illustrate the anti-wrap rollers in disengaged and engaged positions, respectively, together with said plurality of stripper fingers


140


A,


140


B affixed to the outlet side of the device. The stripper fingers


140


A,


140


B are provided to prevent a broken web


30


from backtracking upstream through the device


30


from wrapping about and otherwise fouling anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B. As shown, the stripper fingers


140


A,


140


B include inclined sections


141


A,


141


B that are nested between the spaced portions formed or otherwise defined between adjacent web-engaging rings


65


A and


65


B. When in the engaged position (FIG.


8


), the inclined sections


141


A,


141


B are oriented to rest slightly above the surface of rollers


60


A,


60


B so as not to interfere with their rotation. The stripper fingers


140


A,


140


B prevent the web


30


from wrapping around the anti-wrap rollers and as press units


10


A-


10


D slow to a halt, the stripper fingers


140


A,


140


B will direct the web to the shop floor (see

FIG. 2

) for safe gathering.




The device further provides means for detecting web breaks downstream of the press units. Said web detection means comprises means for detecting a ripple, wave or other disturbance in the web


30


that is often produced by or a presage to a break occurring downstream of the printing units. By detecting these telltale disturbances, the reaction time of the device is greatly enhanced.




Referring to

FIGS. 3C and 3D

, the web disturbance detector means


201


comprises a pair of web disturbance transmitter/receiver pairs


205


A/


205


B mounted at the front, inlet portion of the device


50


. As embodied, the transmitter/receiver pairs may operate, for example, on infrared or visible light principles and may comprise, for example, an infrared type sensor, Model No. PZ-51L, as manufactured and sold by the Keyence Corporation of Osaka, Japan and Fair Lawn, N.J., U.S.A. As shown, one transmitter/receiver pair


205


A/


205


B is placed above the web


30


, while the second transmitter/receiver pair


205


A/


205


B is placed beneath the web


30


. Both receiver/transmitter pairs are linked to the systems controller


150


. As illustrated, each transmitter


205


A will emit a beam to its respective receiver


205


B in a direction perpendicular to the direction of and parallel to the plane of the web


30


.




As previously explained, a web break will oftentimes be produce a ripple or wave transmitted along the length of the web


30


. The ripple or wave will elevate vertically to break a horizontal plane defined by web travel. This vertical variation can be utilized to detect the onset of a web break and prompt quicker actuation of the anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B.




As illustrated, each web disturbance sensor pair


205


A/


205


B may be placed, for example, a spaced distance of about ⅜″ both above and below the surface of web


30


. This allows for a typical or normal vertical variation or flutter which will be experienced by web


30


when operating normally and without break. However, upon or before a web break (FIG.


2


), a ripple or wave caused by the break will cause the surface web


30


to break either of or both of the planes defined by the respective web disturbance detector pairs


205


A/


205


B located either above or below the web. The infrared signal transmitted from transmitter


205


A to receiver


205


B will then be interrupted, causing a signal to be relayed from a receiver(s)


205


B to the system controller


150


to commence actuation of the device


50


. Simultaneously, a signal is relayed to the printing unit stop circuit (see

FIG. 9

) to shut down press units


10


A-


10


D.




With reference to

FIGS. 10 and 11

, an anti-wrap device, shown generally as reference numeral


300


, having a flow bar system is shown. The anti-wrap device


300


may incorporate the elements discussed throughout this application. In general, the flow bar system is used to enhance web-break detection of a web


305


. As shown in

FIG. 10

, during operation of the press, the web


305


will flutter so as to form a sinusoidal wave.




The flow bar system incorporates generally an inlet flow bar


310


, an outlet flow bar


320


, a blow-down bar


330


and a sensor arrangement


34


, each of which will now be described in greater detail below.




With continuing reference to

FIG. 11

, inlet flow bar


310


is coupled to a fan


350


so that forced air, or some other fluid, may be passed through hollow interior


355


of inlet flow bar


310


and may exit through two outlets


360


,


370


in the direction of the arrows shown exiting outlets


360


,


370


. Air is forced through outlets


360


,


370


toward the web


305


. With reference to

FIG. 12

, inlet flow bar is preferably an elongated tube which extends beyond the width of the web


305


. Outlets


360


,


370


preferably extend along the length of inlet flow bar


310


. Outlets


360


,


370


are formed between sidewalls


380


and top


390


of inlet flow bar


310


.




Similarly, outlet flow bar


320


cooperates with a fan


400


so that forced air, or some other fluid, may be passed through hollow interior


405


of outlet flow bar


320


and may exit through two outlets


410


,


420


in the direction of the arrows shown exiting outlets


410


,


420


. In lieu of using a separate fan


400


, outlet flow bar


320


may be connected to fan


350


to assure that the air flow from outlet flow bar


320


is equal to the air flow from inlet flow bar


310


. Air is forced through outlets


410


,


420


toward the web


305


. As with inlet flow bar


310


, outlet flow bar


320


is preferably an elongated tube which extends beyond the width of the web


305


. Outlets


410


,


420


preferably extend along the length of the outlet flow bar


320


. Outlets


410


,


420


are formed between sidewalls


430


and bottom


440


of outlet flow bar


320


. Because inlet flow bar


310


increases pressure on one side of the web, outlet flow bar


320


is used to equalize the pressure on the other side of the web.




Fans


350


,


400


are preferably 1 horsepower blowers, although it is to be understood that blowers having varying amounts of horsepower may be used. In the preferred embodiment, fans


350


,


400


are Dayton Blowers #4C108 which are 3450 rpm, 1 hp blowers.




Blow-down bar


330


is preferably mounted on outlet flow bar


320


. Blow-down bar


330


is coupled to an air supply (or some form of fluid supply), preferably in the range 80-100 psi, to force air (or some other fluid) through outlet


460


and toward web


305


. Blow-down bar


330


preferably extends along the length of outlet flow bar


320


.




With reference to

FIGS. 10-12

, the sensor arrangement


340


of the present invention is shown. Sensor arrangement


340


preferably includes four optical sensors


450


,


460


,


470


,


480


, although it is to be understood that a different number of sensors may be used. Preferably, the four optical sensors are infrared type sensors, Model No. PZ-51L, as manufactured and sold by the Keyence Corporation of Osaka, Japan and Fair Lawn, N.J., U.S.A, although it is to be understood that other types of sensors may be used. Sensor arrangement


340


is mounted opposite inlet flow bar


310


, with web


305


disposed therebetween. The optical sensors


450


,


460


,


470


,


480


are arranged such that the two beams generated by the sensors (shown in dotted lines in

FIG. 12

) form a crossing pattern to assure that, upon a break in web


305


, the broken web will fully flutter across one of the two beams, thereby triggering the anti-wrap device and blow-down bar


330


of the present invention.




OPERATION




Operation of the device will now be explained by way of reference to the figures. When a break in the web


30


(see

FIG. 2

) has been detected by a disturbance detector pair


205


A/


205


B, as previously explained the detector will signal the system controller


150


in order to activate a printing unit stop circuit (

FIG. 9

) to stop operation of the printing units


10


A-


10


D. Simultaneously, the controller will activate operation of the anti-wrap device


50


to engage the web


30


and pull the web out of the last printing unit


10


D, thereby preventing the broken web


30


from wrapping around blanket cylinders


5


.




Upon activation, the system controller activates solenoids at a junction box adjacent the device (

FIG. 9

) to supply air to respective cylinders


80


to drive the pistons


81


from their disengaged position (

FIGS. 5 and 7

) towards their engaged position (FIGS.


6


and


8


). As soon as the pistons are engaged, springs


90


A and


90


B assist the pistons, with the top springs


90


A push downward on carriages


70


A,


71


A and bottom springs


90


A and


90


B push upward on carriages


70


B,


71


B. In this manner, the engagement notion of the carriages is accelerated so as to “jump start” the anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B into rapid engagement with the web


30


. The pistons


81


rapidly follow through on their full range of movement to lock the rollers


60


A,


60


B into their final engagement position (FIG.


8


). Note that as the anti-wrap rollers


60


A,


60


B are already rotating above the speed of the press, pulling action is immediately imparted to the web as the printing units are slowing down. It is a further advantage that since the anti-wrap rollers are rotating faster than the blanket cylinders, as the web begins to go slack following the break and before the device is activated, the anti-wrap rollers can pull the slack. The web


30


is thereby effectively drawn from the last printing unit


10


D and safely directed to the floor space prior to the dryer unit


35


.




With regard to the flow bar system of the present invention, inlet flow bar


310


and outlet flow bar


320


serve to blow air (or some other fluid) upon web


305


to equalize the air pressure on the web as it travels. In an ideal system, the web


305


flows along a straight plane (a horizontal axis as shown in FIG.


11


). Actually, however, a flowing web


305


has a significant amount of flutter that can lead to a sinusoidal wave effect on the web


305


. Such a sinusoidal wave is shown in FIG.


10


. This flutter may cause the web


305


to trigger the optical sensors, even when the web is unbroken. Accordingly, the optical sensors may incorrectly determine that the web has broken and trigger a false alarm.




To alleviate this problem, the flow bar system of the present invention facilitates moving the sensor arrangement further away from the web while simultaneously accelerating the system's ability to detect a web break. In particular, in the system of the present invention, the sensor arrangement


340


is moved outside the flutter zone (the area in which web flutter may occur even though the web is unbroken) while increasing the speed in which the system detects a web break. Rollers


60


A,


60


B are preferably spaced 1 inch apart. Ordinarily, therefore, it would be sufficient to place the sensor arrangement outside this 1 inch area. However, depending on the type of printer in use, the type of ink in use, the tension of the web, and other factors, the flutter zone may be wider. As such, the distance between the sensor arrangement


305


and the horizontal axis depends on these particular variables.




Once the web breaks, it loses tension. This decrease in tension allows the inlet flow bar


310


to blow the broken web


305


toward the sensor arrangement


340


, thereby shortening the time in which it would have normally taken the broken web to trigger the sensors. Accordingly, by simultaneously (1) elevating the sensor arrangement to be out of the flutter zone and (2) utilizing a flow bar disposed across from the sensors (the flow bar being on the other side of the web from the sensors), the present invention simultaneously decreases false alarms while increasing the speed in which the system detects a web break.




In use, the inlet and outlet flow bars


310


,


320


preferably operate only when the press is running at or above 5% of the maximum press speed. Under 5%, the inlet and outlet flow bars


310


,


320


are preferably turned off.




To further enhance web-break detection, the system of the present invention utilizes a sensor arrangement which utilizes two beams having a crossing pattern. Typically, optical sensors may generate beams which are 0.25-0.75 inches wide. If the beam is parallel to a web, the web, upon a web break, will initially begin to flutter and cross into the beam. However, unless the beam is fully blocked by the broken web, the sensor(s) will not detect the web break. Accordingly, the broken web, having only crossed into (but not broken) the beam, will remain undetected. To enhance web break detectability, the cross-beam sensor arrangement of the present invention enhances the systems' ability to detect the broken web. By angling the beams in such a manner, a broken web will be more likely to fully cut across one of the beams, thereby allowing the system to more rapidly detect the web break.




During use of the anti-wrap device to maintain tension on the broken web, the blow-down bar


330


effectively forces the broken web to the floor upon which the anti-wrap device is mounted. In most commercial arrangements, the dryer must be mounted in close proximity to the anti-wrap device. In some commercial arrangements, the dryer may need to be mounted as close as 9.5 inches from the anti-wrap device. Without the blow-down bar


330


, the broken web will be forced into the face of the dryer, causing the broken web to bunch-up between the dryer and the anti-wrap device. After a period of time, the bunched-up portion of the web will accumulate and may ultimately overwork the rollers and motor of the anti-wrap device to the point where the rollers may slow down or, in extreme instances, stop. Accordingly, the blow-down bar


330


maximizes usage of the space between the dryer and the anti-wrap device so that the broken web accumulates on the floor of the press room.




It will be apparent that other and further forms of the invention may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims, it being understood that this invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments shown.



Claims
  • 1. A system for preventing damage to printing cylinders of a web printing press by maintaining tension in a web in the event of web breakage, comprising:(a) a first roller having a plurality of valley and peak portions; (b) a second roller having a plurality of valley and peak portions; (c) a motor device disposed in communication with said first and second rollers to rotate said first and second rollers to pull a broken web though said first and second rollers; and (d) stripper fingers disposed in said valley portions of said first and second rollers to prevent a broken web from wrapping around said first and second rollers.
  • 2. The system of claim 1 wherein said first and second rollers are disposed to engage a broken web with line contact.
  • 3. The system of claim 1 wherein said motor device is configured to rotate said first and second rollers at a surface speed greater than a surface speed of said printing cylinders.
  • 4. The system of claim 1 further comprising means for engaging said first and second rollers with said broken web.
  • 5. The system of claim 1 further comprising a web break detector.
  • 6. The system of claim 1 wherein said first and second rollers are disposed downstream of said printing cylinders.
  • 7. The system of claim 1 further comprising a frame in which said first and second rollers are mounted.
  • 8. A method for preventing damage to the printing cylinders of a web printing press in the event of web breakage by maintaining tension in a broken web, comprising the steps of:(a) detecting a web disturbance indicative of a web break; (b) rotating at least two rollers; (c) engaging said rollers with said broken web; (d) pulling said broken web away from said printing cylinders with contact exerted by said rollers; and (e) preventing said broken web from wrapping around said rollers.
  • 9. The method of claim 8 wherein said pulling step includes the step of pulling said broken web away from said printing cylinders with line contact exerted by said rollers.
  • 10. The method of claim 8 wherein said engaging step includes the step of moving said rollers into engagement with said broken web.
  • 11. The method of claim 8 wherein said engaging step includes the step of engaging said broken web with rollers each having a plurality of peak and valley position.
  • 12. The method of claim 8 wherein said preventing step includes the step of disposing stripper fingers within said valley portions of said rollers.
Parent Case Info

This application is a continuation of Ser. No. 08/821,404 filed Mar. 20, 1997, now abandoned, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 08/435,006, filed May 4, 1995, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,678,484, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 08/327,095, filed Oct. 21, 1994, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,443,008, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 08/036,928, filed Mar. 25, 1993, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,398,610, each of which are herein incorporated by reference.

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Continuations (3)
Number Date Country
Parent 08/821404 Mar 1997 US
Child 09/002755 US
Parent 08/435006 May 1995 US
Child 08/821404 US
Parent 08/036928 Mar 1993 US
Child 08/327095 US
Continuation in Parts (1)
Number Date Country
Parent 08/327095 Oct 1994 US
Child 08/435006 US