1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to preservative compositions for inhibiting the growth of microorganisms and fungi in personal care and industrial applications, and, more particularly, to preservative compositions which are effective and safe, are formaldehyde-free and paraben-free, are temperature and pH stable, and have broad compatibility with raw materials present therein.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Preservative compositions having antibacterial properties suitable for use in personal care and industrial applications have been described in the literature, see U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,923,870; 4,844,891; 5,428,050; 5,496,842; 5,552,425; 5,631,273; 6,582,627; and Published Application No. 2003/0039580.
However, each personal care formulation requires a preservative system that meets its specific needs, particularly for effective and safe preservation as determined by challenge testing.
What is described herein is an antimicrobial composition consisting essentially of 3-iodo-2-propynylbutyl carbamate (IPBC) in 1,3-butylene glycol (BG) as solvent, preferably, by wt., 9-11% IPBC in 89-91% BG, and personal care formulations containing 0.1-0.2% by wt. of the preservative composition, at a pH of 4-9 of the composition.
The preservative compositions herein are effective and safe, are formaldehyde-free and paraben-free, are temperature and pH stable, and are compatible with raw materials present in both personal care and industrial products.
The invention will now be illustrated in more detail by the following examples.
Procedure
1. Combine Phase A except for Rapithix A-100. Sprinkle in Rapithix A-100 with good mixing.
2. Combine Phase B with mixing and heat to 70° C.
3. When Phase A is uniform and Phase B is at 70° C. slowly add Phase B to Phase A with good mixing.
4. When batch is uniform add Phase C with good mixing.
5. Add Phase D and mix until the batch is completely uniform.
The challenge test is a 28-day test used to verify the effectiveness of a preservative system in a personal care formulation. Selected personal care formulations were inoculated with microorganisms at the onset of testing (0 hours), then sampled at 48 hours, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days. At 21 days the formulations were re-inoculated with the same microorganisms. Pass/fail criteria were based on modified Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association (CTFA) protocol.
The invention composition was tested in several systems and found to effectively preserve a variety of personal care formulations against the following microorganisms:
Candida albicans
Aspergillus niger
Accordingly this formulation of Example 1 passed a 28-day double challenge efficacy test.
Based on this challenge test data, Liquagard™ is recommended for use in personal care products at levels between 0.1%-0.2% within a broad pH range of 4.0-9.0.
Procedure
1. Combine Phase A with mixing and begin heating to 65° C.
2. When Phase A is uniform add Phase B in the order listed with mixing.
3. Start cooling the batch.
4. Add Phases C & D at 30° C. with mixing.
5. QS for water loss and mix to RT.
pH=7.6 Viscosity=7,200 cps (Brookfield Model RVT, TB @ 5 RPM)
The formulation of Example 2 passed the 28-day double challenge efficacy test.
Candida albicans 10231
Aspergillus niger 16404
Candida albicans
Aspergillus niger
Procedure:
1. Heat Phase A to 75° C. Heat Phase B to 75° C.
2. Add Phase A to B under moderate sheer with overhead mixer. Remove heat and continue mixing throughout preparation.
3. Add Phase C at the appropriate temperature (° C.).
4. Add Phase D at 35-40° C.
5. Cool to 30-35° C.
6. QS with water. Remove contents to a storage container reserving enough in the beaker to measure a pH. Store in refrigerator.
Inoculate formulation at 0 hours. Assay at 48 hours, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days. Re-inoculate at 21 days and then final assay at 28 days. Inoculum counts are listed in Table I. Two levels of Liquagard were tested; the data is contained in Tables II and III below.
Aspergillus niger 16404
Taloromyces luteus
Candida albicans 10231
A. niger
T. luteus
C. albicans
A. niger
T. luteus
C. albicans
Candida albicans 10231
Aspergillus niger 16404
Candida albicans
Aspergillus niger
Candida albicans
Aspergillus niger
Candida albicans
Aspergillus niger
Procedure:
2. Combine Phase B, heat to 85° C.
3. Combine Phase B to A with stirring, at 75° C.
4. When batch is uniform add Phase C.
5. When uniform turn off heat.
6. Continue stirring thru cool down.
7. Make up water loss and stir at RT. Store in refrigerator.
Candida albicans 10231
Aspergillus niger 16404
Candida albicans
Aspergillus niger
Candida albicans
Aspergillus niger
Candida albicans
Aspergillus niger
In summary, the invention Liquagard™ (ISP) composition can be effectively used in personal care compositions including:
Skin Care Compositions
Sunscreen creams and lotions; moisturizers; night creams; hand/body creams and lotions; shaving products; cleansing products; wipes; foundations; concealers; body washes; shower gels; liquid hand soaps and baby products.
Hair Care Compositions
Shampoos, conditioners; deep conditioning treatments; styling gels, mousses, shine lotions, hair colorants and baby products.
While the invention has been described with particular reference to certain embodiments thereof, it will be understood that changes and modifications may be made which are within the skill of the art. Accordingly, it is intended to be bound only by the following claims, in which:
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
5552425 | Merianos | Sep 1996 | A |
5631273 | Merianos | May 1997 | A |
20030039580 | Borokhov et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20070274944 A1 | Nov 2007 | US |