The present invention relates to multi-disk media servowriters and, more particularly, to a disk-stack assembly and transfer apparatus and method that allows multiple disks and spacers by a stacker/de-stacker module to be stacked before the disk-stack is transferred to a fixed hub or to be de-stacked after the disk-stack is removed from the fixed hub, and further to a method of minimizing metallic contamination incurred during the disk-stack assembly and transfer process.
A typical media servowriter comprises a hub and an air-bearing spindle motor with a rotating shaft, where the hub is attached to the air bearing so that the hub can be rotated by the spindle motor. Usually, the hub has the capacity of receiving a disk-stack with multiple disks and spacers. During servo-track writing, the rotary motion of the spindle air bearing spins the hub and hence the disk-stack it carries. Each read-write head is attached to a head suspension device that is connected to an actuator arm. The actuator arms carrying the read-write heads are inserted in-between the disks while reading or writing on the disk surfaces. Thus, a media servowriter writes on multiple disks simultaneously.
Currently, a disk-stack with multiple disks and spacers for a media servowriter is assembled in two ways. First, a fixed hub is machined and centered on the spindle air bearing so that the disk-stack is assembled piece-by-piece within the fixed hub on the servowriter. The advantage of this approach is that the disk-stack is perfectly centered on the rotating mass, therefore not creating an off-axis imbalance. However, the local assembly of the disk-stack on the Servowriter is time consuming and reduces the utilization of the Servowriter. Second, the media servowriter has a removable hub so that the disk-stack can be assembled on the removable hub outside of the media servowriter, then the removable hub with the disk-stack can be transferred to/from the media servowriter. The advantage of assembly of the disk-stack off-line increases the utilization of the media servowriter. In addition, this method can use one stacking/de-stacking mechanism for multiple media Servowriters. However, the disadvantage is that an error may occur in centering the removable hub on the Servowriter with the addition of centering error of an individual disks on the hub when performed offline. This creates a bigger miss registration of the tracks as well as a larger imbalance—therefore more vibration—during the servowriting process.
Furthermore, stacking and de-stacking operation before and after media servo writing operation where servo data is written to the disks generates metallic particulates on disks. However, the requirement for particulate-free servo-written disks is crucial for reliable disk drive performance.
One embodiment of the present invention provides a system for assembling a disk-stack with multiple disks and spacers and transferring the assembled disk-stack. The system comprises a stacker/de-stacker module for assembling the disk-stack with multiple disks and spacers; wherein the stacker/de-stacker module comprises a module base and a shaft integrally attached to the module base, and wherein the shaft is so configured that it has a central thread, and a plurality of guide holes, thereby the multiple disks and spacers are assembled on the shaft to form the disk-stack; a disk-stack interface tool for maintaining the assembled disk-stack during the transfer; wherein the disk-stack interface tool comprises a tool base and a plurality of harden rods integrally attached to the tool base, where the tool base is so configured that it has a plurality of stopper holes; and a transferring means for transferring the assembled disk-stack to a fixed hub of a media servowriter.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a media servowriter that comprises a fixed hub having a hub base and a hub shaft integrally coupled to the hub base, wherein the hub shaft receives a disk-stack with multiple disks and spacers; a spindle air bearing; wherein the fixed hub is coupled to the spindle air bearing so that the spindle air bearing will rotate the fixed hub in servo-writing process; and a locking means for locking the assembled disk-stack onto the fixed hub.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method that comprises assembling a disk-stack with multiple disks and spacers; wherein the disks and spacers are sequentially and alternately disposed against each other on an assembling means off-line; transferring the assembled disk-stack from the assembling means to a fixed hub of a media servowriter by a transferring means; and locking the assembled disk-stack with a locking means.
The above and other objectives and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Preferred embodiments according to the present invention will now be described with reference to the Figures, in which like reference numerals denote like elements.
The present invention may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description of certain embodiments of the invention. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the relevant art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, and components have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
Throughout this application, where publications are referenced, the disclosures of these publications are hereby incorporated by reference, in their entireties, into this application in order to more fully describe the state of art to which this invention pertains.
The present invention provides a media servowriter that comprises a fixed hub, wherein the fixed hub is capable of receiving a disk-stack assembled off-line in a stacker/de-de-stacker module. Thus, the media servowriter of the present invention has the combined advantages of reduced miss registration offered by a fixed hub and increased utilization of the media servowriter resulting from the assembly of a disk-stack off-line.
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During gripping, the holder 33 attached to the gripper 30 may be positioned in the upward orientation to ensure the insertion. Whenever the rod 12 reaches the bottom, a sensor (not shown) will be turned on to indicate that the gripper jaws 31, 32 are ready to be closed. The bottom disk spacer 21 located at the bottom of the assembly secures the gripping. As noted above, the bottom disk spacer 21 as shown in
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Now there is provided a more detailed description of transferring the disk-stack from the gripper 30 to the fixed hub 41. During insertion of the disk-stack 20 by the gripper 30, the disk-stack 20 will be pushed into the fixed hub 41. When the disk-stack 20 reaches to the bottom of the fixed hub 41, the sensor will be turned on to indicate the completion of the insertion. Then, the gripper 30 will be opened and the holder 33 will be pushed down to assist the lifting of the gripper 30. The other function of the holder 33 is to hold the disk-stack 20 so as to prevent multiple disks and spacers from being jammed to the disk-stack interface tool 10. This also helps to minimize the friction or rubbing between multiple disks 24 and spacers 25 and the rods 12. After the gripper 30 is fully lifted, the holder 33 will be retracted allowing the gripper 30 to be easily removed by robot or human hands. The completion to secure the disk-stack 20 is to clamp the disk-stack 20 by the end cap and screw 44. The final secure for the disk-stack 20 may be tightened by the torque wrench to ensure even clamping before servo writing on the servo writer begins.
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By detailed process analysis, the shaft diameter 53 during stacking or de-stacking is recommended to be 2 to 4 mils smaller than the disk ID 52 to avoid rubbing to the shaft 3. The stacking or de-stacking process would be performed with guided slide to prevent tilting of the disk stack. Before transferring the disk stack 20 by the gripper 30, the disk-stack interface tool 10 would be inserted to the disk stack 20. At this interface, it is recommended that the disk-stack interface tool's diameter 57 is smaller than the hub diameter 53 allowing good holding to the disk stack. During insertion of the disk stack to the spindle hub, the spindle hub diameter 53 is recommended to be larger than the disk-stack interface tool diameter 57 for easy insertion and preventing minimal rubbing. Due to the pin and hole clearance 56 between the rod of the disk-stack interface tool and the guide holes of the hub, placement or removing disk stack would tend to lean to one side. To avoid rubbing and particle generation due to offset in handling, the disk-stack interface tool's outer radius 58 is an important parameter to be verified in manufacturing. Jig and fixture would be made to ensure that manufacturing meets the design specification.
During the stacking/de-stacking process, contact and rubbing between shaft 3, disk 24 and spacer 25 are unavoidable, resulting in contamination. Especially, metallic particles in nano size (0.1 micron, unable to be seen by naked eye) are found during the contact. Careful design in mechanism to tightly control the tolerance would only result in expensive cost in tools and fixtures. Lose controls in machining would result in bad performance during servo writing. Tolerance controls is important to ensure good holding and low PES (Position Error Signal) performance during servo writing. Due to the tight controls in tolerance, particles can be easily generated when handling the disk and spacers. Since all the parts are not fabricated with the exact same size with nominal dimension, the disk and spacer placement with contact to the shaft would create contact and rubbing.
The contact and rubbing also result from the mechanism design. A good design would use all datum to control the xyz axis to ensure machine performance. However, all parts after being machined would have produced individual tolerances in flatness, parallelism and perpendicular characteristics. When being assembled and fine adjusted, minimal contact and rubbing would still be created. Indirectly, this would result in particles resting on the disk surfaces. All parts that are polished to obtain a stringent surface finish would result in high cost. Material hardness is important to ensure wear and tear after long hours of use.
Due to the high performance required in servo writing, scratches of parts especially spacers 25 and hub 41 are highly undesirable. The scratches would result in parallelism and flatness issue occurring during stacking on a media servowriter. Because of the interfacing between the disk-stack and head-stack, head vibration is extremely important to avoid any x-harmonic being generated that results in bad VCM holding. Low vibration is required if possible design close to VCM performance would provide good servo writing.
In order to minimize the contamination caused by the metal contact and rubbing, one way is by coating the stacker/de-stacker module, the disk-stacker interface tool, the gripper, spacers, and the hub. There are various types of coating being applied in present technologies. In order to ensure part cleanliness, common coating methods for the metal parts used in automation include electroless nickel plating and anodizing to create deposition. These types of coating are not recommended when coating precision parts that require micron tolerance controls. The size of the parts after plating would not be the same as compared to before plating process is done. The size of the part can be easily out by 0.0005″ to 0.001″. In order to control the coating dimension, another type of coating is required.
For precise control in coating dimension and also to ensure part durability, diamond like coating (DLC) is commonly used in precision part controls. It ensures minimal build up of material being deposited to the metal parts and also ensures surface hardness build on the coating. The build up of approximately 1 micron would not affect the precision quality. However, the disadvantage of DLC coating is non-conductive after coating. During servo writing, parts that could not pass through electric current would result in high resistance. This will easily damage the GMR heads.
Another type of coating that produces high quality deposition is ta-C. It is produced using FVCA technology (Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc) with a non-hydrogenated process. It creates harder, denser and smoother parts after coating. Importantly, this type of coating is similar to DLC coating, with a deposit of 1 micron on the part surface which is very hard and conductive. Hardness will ensure durability when parts are in contact to avoid minimal scratches. The conductivity is important in servo writing process to ensure GMR heads' performance. Ta—C coating also produces minimal nano size particles being generated from the stacking or de-stacking process.
Several experiments were conducted to verify the improvements gained from the use of ta-C coating on the fixed hub, stacker/de-stacker module, disk-stack interface tool and spacers.
The first experiment involved the normal use of the stacker/de-stacker module, disk-stack interface tool, and spacers without any coating. SEM-EDX was used to investigate the composition of the inorganic particulates present in the discs after tacking and de-stacking operation.
The second experiment involved coating the stacker/de-stacker module, spacers and disk-stack interface tool with ta-C, and counting the increase in the number of particulates created with repeated stack and de-stack operation. Table 1 shows the drastic reduction of the stainless steel particulates after the ta-C coating was applied. This coating has a low coefficient of friction and is harder, denser and smoother than DLC films deposited by other methods. As such, it increases wear resistance.
While the present invention has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it will be understood that the embodiments are illustrative and that the invention scope is not so limited. Alternative embodiments of the present invention will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. Such alternate embodiments are considered to be encompassed within the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention is described by the appended claims and is supported by the foregoing description.
This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. 119(e) of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/684,986, filed May 27, 2005, which is herein incorporated by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
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60684986 | May 2005 | US |