Patent Application
20190225445
This invention relates generally to dunnage conversion systems for making a coil of dunnage and more particularly to dunnage conversion systems machines that convert a sheet stock into a coil of relatively less dense dunnage.
In the process of shipping one or more articles from one location to another, a packer typically places some type of dunnage in a shipping container, such as a cardboard box, along with the article or articles to be shipped. The dunnage typically is used to wrap the articles, or to partially or completely fill the empty space or void volume around the articles in the container. By filling the void volume, the dunnage restricts or prevents movement of the articles that might lead to damage during the shipment process. The dunnage also can perform blocking, bracing, or cushioning functions.
Some commonly used dunnage products are plastic foam peanuts, plastic bubble pack, air bags, and converted paper dunnage material. Many of these dunnage products are produced in substantially continuous lengths for storing or transporting these dunnage products. Until ready for use, they may be wound into a coiled configuration. When ready for use, discrete lengths of dunnage are separated from the coil.
The present invention provides an improved dunnage conversion system for making a coil of dunnage from a sheet stock. An unconverted form of the sheet stock may be converted into a relatively less dense converted sheet stock, also referred to as dunnage or a strip of dunnage, and wound into a coil. By controlling the speed of the coiling based on detected tension in the sheet stock (unconverted, partially converted, or fully converted) upstream of the coiler, the system can provide a more consistent coil of dunnage, thereby restricting or preventing crushing of layers of converted stock wound in the coil, tearing in the sheet stock, or forming a loose coil that is more difficult to store, transport, and then unwind when ready for use.
As used herein, the generalized term sheet stock may refer to unconverted sheet stock, partially converted sheet stock, fully converted sheet stock, or a combination thereof. For example, an unconverted sheet stock may be converted to a converted sheet stock prior to or as it is wound, and a converted form of the sheet stock is wound into a coiled configuration.
One embodiment of a dunnage conversion system in accordance with the invention includes a coiler, a movable dancer upstream of the coiler and interposed in a path of the sheet stock between a supply of sheet stock and the coiler, and a controller communicatively coupled to each of the coiler and the movable dancer. The coiler is configured to wind converted sheet stock into a coiled configuration to form a coil of dunnage. The controller is configured to control the speed of the coiler based on the position of the movable dancer to control tension of the sheet stock upstream of the coiler.
The sheet stock drawn about the movable dancer to the coiler may be a slit-sheet stock, for example, having a plurality of slits configured to expand under tension applied across the slits, such as in a feed direction. The controller may be configured to control expansion of the slit-sheet stock upstream of the coiler allowing conversion of the sheet stock into a relatively less dense dunnage prior to or as it is wound into a coil.
More particularly, according to a first aspect of the invention, there is a dunnage conversion system for making a coil of dunnage from a sheet stock. The dunnage conversion system includes a coiler that is configured to wind the sheet stock in a converted form into a coiled configuration to form a coil of dunnage. The dunnage conversion system also includes a movable dancer interposed in a path of the sheet stock, upstream of the coiler, about which the sheet stock is drawn, and a controller communicatively coupled to the coiler and to the movable dancer, where the controller is configured to control the speed of the coiler based on the position of the movable dancer to control tension of the sheet stock upstream of the coiler and thereby to control the expansion of a slit-sheet stock, for example.
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is another dunnage conversion system for making a coil of dunnage from a sheet stock. The dunnage conversion system includes a coiler that is configured to wind the sheet stock in a converted form into a coiled configuration to form a coil of dunnage. The dunnage conversion system also includes a movable dancer interposed in a path of the sheet stock, upstream of the coiler, about which the sheet stock is drawn, the movable dancer being pivotable between an upper limit detection area and a lower limit detection area. A controller is communicatively coupled to the coiler and to the movable dancer. The controller is configured to vary the speed of the coiler upon pivoting of the movable dancer out of a default detection area angularly disposed between the upper limit detection area and the lower limit detection area.
Embodiments of the invention may have one or more of the following features:
According to a third aspect of the invention, a dunnage conversion system for making a coil of dunnage from a sheet stock includes a coiling means for winding sheet stock in a converted form into a coiled configuration to form a coil of dunnage. The dunnage conversion system also includes a movable dancing means upstream of the coiling means about which the sheet stock is drawn, the movable dancing means for applying tension in the sheet stock between the movable dancing means and the coiling means. The dunnage conversion system further includes a controlling means communicatively coupled to the coiling means and to the movable dancing means, the controlling means for controlling the speed of the coiling means in relation to a relative positioning of the movable dancing means to control the tension in the sheet stock between the movable dancing means and the coiling means.
The dunnage conversion system may further include a measuring means for measuring a pivot angle of the movable dancing means as the sheet stock is drawn about the measuring means.
The controlling means may be configured to control a winding speed of a slit-sheet stock to control, upstream of the coiling means, the conversion via expansion of the slit-sheet stock into an expanded strip of dunnage.
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, a method of making a coil of dunnage from a sheet stock includes the steps of (a) winding the sheet stock in a converted form into a coiled configuration about a spindle to form the coil of dunnage, (b) drawing the sheet stock upstream of the spindle about a movable dancer, the drawing applying tension in the sheet stock extending between the movable dancer and the spindle, and (c) controlling the rotational speed of the spindle to control the tension in the sheet stock upstream of the spindle, the speed being controlled in an inverse relationship relative to a tension in the sheet stock drawn about the movable dancer.
The step of controlling the rotational speed of the spindle may include controlling the speed based on an angular position of the movable dancer.
The sheet stock may be a slit-sheet stock, and the method may further include the step of conversion of the slit-sheet stock via expanding of the slit-sheet stock, upstream of the spindle, into an expanded strip of dunnage.
The foregoing and other features of the invention are hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description and the annexed drawings setting forth in detail one or more illustrative embodiments of the invention. These embodiments, however, are but a few of the various ways in which the principles of the invention can be employed. Other objects, advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when considered in conjunction with the drawings.
The present invention generally provides a dunnage conversion system and method for making a coil of dunnage from a sheet stock. With reference initially to
The dunnage conversion system 20 includes a coiling means 30 for winding the converted sheet stock 23, also herein referred to as a sheet stock 23 in a converted form, into the coil of dunnage 24. A movable dancing means 32 is provided for applying tension in the sheet stock 22, 23 upstream of the coiling means 30, for example, as it is drawn from a respective supply 25. A controlling means 34 is communicatively coupled to each of the coiling means 30 and the movable dancing means 32 for controlling the winding speed of the coiling means 30 in relation to a position of the movable dancing means 32, to control tension of the sheet stock 22, 23 extending between the movable dancing means 32 and the coiling means 30.
The dunnage conversion system 20 may be provided in combination with a stock supply assembly 26 including a bulk supply 25 of unconverted sheet stock 22 for conversion into the converted sheet stock 23 while being coiled to form the coil of dunnage 24. In some embodiments, the controlling means 34 may control, such as separately control, an unwinding/unstacking speed of the unconverted sheet stock 22 from the stock supply assembly 26. In other embodiments, the winding of the coiling means 30 may be sufficient to draw the unconverted sheet stock 22 from the stock supply assembly 26.
In the depicted embodiment, the bulk supply 25 of the unconverted sheet stock 22 may be arranged on a stand or a cart of the stock supply assembly 26. The stand or cart may be attached to or simply supported adjacent the dunnage conversion system 20. The unconverted sheet stock 22 of the bulk supply 25 may be of a substantially continuous length, and may be provided either in roll form or as a series of connected, generally rectangular pages in a fan-folded stack. The rolls or stacks can be spliced to respective ones of successive supplies so as to appear as a never-ending supply to the dunnage conversion system 20.
Multiple rolls or stacks may be used to provide multiple sheets or webs of stock material for conversion into a three-dimensional dunnage product. Alternatively, a single roll may include multiple plies co-wrapped into the single roll or a single stack may include multiple plies co-folded into the single stack.
Suitable supplies of sheet stock include paper, plastic sheets, or sheets of a combination thereof. The sheet stock also may be laminated or may include a combination of laminated and non-laminated sheet material. An exemplary sheet stock for use with the dunnage conversion system 20 includes either a single-ply or multi-ply kraft paper. Suitable kraft paper may have various basis weights, such as twenty-pound or forty-pound, for example, and respective plies may have different basis weights. One exemplary sheet stock may be a single-ply kraft paper that is ecologically-friendly, recyclable, biodegradable, and composed of a renewable resource.
The unconverted sheet stock 22 preferably is an unconverted slit-sheet stock 22 having a plurality of longitudinally-spaced, transversely-extending rows of slits 42 cut into the sheet. More particularly, the exemplary unconverted slit-sheet stock 22 with its plurality of slits 42 is configured to expand in a feed direction transverse the slits 42 and parallel to a longitudinal dimension of the unconverted sheet stock 22 as it travels in a downstream direction, such as through the dunnage conversion system 20. For example, under tension across the a slit 42, the unconverted sheet stock 22 adjacent an upstream side of the slit 42 separates from the unconverted sheet stock 22 adjacent a downstream side of the slit 42. The slits 42 may be formed by cutting the unconverted sheet stock 22, or by otherwise weakening the unconverted sheet stock 22 intermittently across the unconverted sheet stock 22 so that the unconverted sheet stock 22 separates across the slits 42 under longitudinal tension provided in the direction of advancement transverse the slits 42.
As used herein, the downstream direction is the direction of advancement of the unconverted sheet stock 22 and the converted sheet stock 23, such as through the dunnage conversion system 20. The downstream direction also may be referred to as the feed direction. An upstream direction is the direction opposite the downstream direction of advancement.
In the illustrated embodiment, the slits 42 are cut through the unconverted sheet stock 22 and extend in a lateral direction across the width of the unconverted sheet stock 22 between the lateral edges 44. The lateral direction is transverse the longitudinal feed direction of the unconverted sheet stock 22.
Typically, the slits 42 are provided in rows, such as longitudinally-spaced lateral rows, that are generally parallel to one another and are generally periodically, and typically, equally, longitudinally-spaced from one another. The slits 42 are intermittently dispersed across the rows, with the slits 42 of each row generally being staggered in relation to slits 42 of directly adjacent rows. Across each row of slits 42, there may be a greater length of combined slits 42 than a length of un-slit portions 46 disposed between slit endpoints, providing for an optimum amount of expansion of the unconverted sheet stock 22.
The exemplary unconverted slit-sheet stock 22 is configured for expanding in one or more dimensions, also herein referred to as volume expansion or volumetric expansion. When the unconverted slit-sheet stock 22 is stretched in a direction transverse the direction of the slits 42, typically in the longitudinal feed direction, perpendicular to a width dimension, the longitudinal length and thickness increase, while the lateral width dimension decreases. The thickness of the unconverted slit-sheet stock 22 can increase by an order of magnitude, or more, relative to its original thickness, when stretched in this manner. The expanded (converted) slit-sheet stock 23 has an increased length, an increased thickness, and a reduced width as compared to the unexpanded (unconverted) slit-sheet stock 22, and overall an increased volume. The increased volume allows resultant expanded slit-sheet stock 23, also referred to as dunnage 23 to serve as a perforate protective void-fill or cushioning wrap for packaging articles in containers.
Even though
Referring again to
The separator sheet material 48 may be coiled by the coiling means 30, but its path to the coiling means 30 may be spaced from the movable dancing means 32. Because the interleaf 48 does not expand, controlling tension in the sheet stock 22, 23 is sufficient. The coiling means 30 may be configured to concurrently receive and wind both the separator sheet material 48 and the converted slit-sheet stock 23 in alternating wound layers.
Turning now to
Briefly, the stock supply assembly 126 includes a supply frame 136 that is coupled to a frame 150 of the dunnage conversion system 120, but may be supported adjacent the frame 150 in other embodiments. The unconverted slit-sheet stock 122 and separator material 134 are each wound about hollow cores 138 that are supported on rods 140 rotatably coupled to the supply frame 136. The dunnage conversion system 120 is configured for making a coil of alternating layers of expanded slit-sheet stock 123 and separator material 134. The separator material 134 may be omitted from the resultant coil of dunnage 124 if preferred.
Turning to details of the dunnage conversion system 120, the system 120 includes a coiler 154 that concurrently winds sheet stock, such as the converted slit-sheet stock 123 and separator material 134, into a coiled configuration. A movable dancer 156 is provided upstream of the coiler 154 and applies tension to the slit-sheet stock 122, 123, as it advances to the coiler 154. A controller 160 is communicatively coupled to the coiler 154 and to the movable dancer 156, and is configured to control the coiler 154 in relation to a position of the movable dancer 156 correlated to tension in the sheet stock 122, 123, to be discussed further in detail. The controller 160 may be communicatively coupled to a supply controller 128 of the stock supply assembly 126 for controlling the unwinding of the stock supply 122 and/or separator material 134, as shown in
Referring first to the coiler 154, the coiler 154 is configured to wind the converted sheet stock 123. The coiler 154 includes a powered spindle 162 that is rotatably coupled to a drive unit 164, which is in turn coupled to the frame 150. The drive unit 164 includes a suitable motor for rotatably driving the powered spindle 162.
In some embodiments, the spindle 162 may include an engagement mechanism for securely holding a lead end of the converted sheet stock 123.
The coiler 154, and more particularly a spindle 162, is configured to rotate at a variable speed to enable optimum expansion of the unconverted slit-sheet stock 122 and to wind the converted sheet stock 123 into the coil 124, while limiting or preventing tearing of the slit-sheet stock 122, 123, such as between slits, or other problems. The variable speed of the coiler 154 may be controlled in response to a varying tension of the slit-sheet stock 122, 123 at a location of the movable dancer 156, where expansion generally occurs.
The movable dancer 156 not only applies tension in the sheet stock 122, 123 drawn about the movable dancer 156, but in doing so may limit or prevent lateral wandering of the converted sheet stock 123 along the spindle 162 as the converted sheet stock 123 is wound about the spindle 162. The movable dancer 156 is pivotably coupled to the frame 150 and pivots in response to a pulling tension in the slit-sheet stock 122, 123 extending between the movable dancer 156 and the coiler 154. The movable dancer 156 includes a guide member 170 around which the slit-sheet stock 122 is drawn between the stock supply assembly 126 and the coiler 154. Thus, the movable dancer 156, and particularly, the guide member 170 is interposed in a path of the sheet stock 122, 123 between the stock supply assembly 126 and the coiler 154.
The guide member 170 is coupled, such as rotatably coupled, to at least one tension arm 172 that is coupled, such as pivotably coupled, to the frame 150. As shown, the guide member 170 extends between opposed tension arms 172. The illustrated movable dancer 156 also includes a position sensor, such as a rotary encoder 176, to detect a position of one or both of a tension arm 172 and the guide member 170. Thus, the rotary encoder 176 may be mounted to the frame 150 adjacent a tension arm 172. The rotary encoder 176 includes position sensors for measuring the angular position of the movable dancer 156 relative to the frame 150. Particularly, the rotary encoder 176 measures the angular position of one or both of a tension arm 172 and the guide member 170 of the movable dancer 156 relative to a default detection area 180 of the movable dancer 156 as the movable dancer 156 pivots in opposite directions in response to a tension in the advancing slit-sheet stock 122, 123.
As shown best in
Each of the default detection area 180, the upper limit detection area 182, and the lower limit detection area 184 may be of any suitable angular size for providing optimum expansion of the unconverted slit-sheet stock 122, or more generally, for providing optimum tension of the sheet stock 122, 123. Additionally, or alternatively, any suitable number of detection areas may be used.
The controller 160 is generally configured to translate the position of the movable dancer 156 into a variable speed of the powered spindle 162 of the coiler 154. The controller 160 is communicatively coupled to each of the rotary encoder 176 of the movable dancer 156 and to the coiler 154, and is configured to control the speed of the coiler 154 to control tension of the slit-sheet stock 122, 123 upstream of the coiler 154.
The communicative connection between the controller 160 and each of the coiler 154 and the movable dancer 156 may be wired or wireless, or a combination thereof. The controller 160 is shown as disposed in the drive unit 164, though may be otherwise located in other embodiments. The controller 160 may be controlled, such as programmed, via a control panel 186 disposed on an external surface of the drive unit 164. The control panel 186 may include any suitable screen, keys, inputs, outputs, etc., for allowing control of the controller 160. The control panel 186 may be located elsewhere in other embodiments.
The controller 160 includes the necessary software, firmware, and hardware, including associated processors, for providing an operating environment for a computer-readable medium having processor-executable instructions for interacting with and controlling each of the coiler 154 and the movable dancer 156. Likewise, the coiler 154 and the movable dancer 156 include the necessary software, firmware, and hardware, including inputs and outputs, for sending and receiving data to and from the controller 160.
Via this configuration, the controller 160 is configured to receive angular position data from the rotary encoder 176. The controller 160 also is configured to send control signals to the coiler 154 based on the angular position of one or more of the tension arms 172 and the guide member 170 relative to each of the default detection area 180, the upper limit detection area 182, and the lower limit detection area 184.
In this way, the controller 160 is configured to progressively change the speed of the coiler 154 in response to movement of the movable dancer 156 out of the default detection area 180. For example, in one embodiment, the controller 160 runs the coiler 154 at a default first speed when the movable dancer 156 is disposed in the default detection area 180. The controller 160 runs the coiler 154 at a second speed greater than the first speed when the movable dancer 156 is disposed in the lower limit detection area 184. The controller 160 runs the coiler 154 at a third speed, being less than each of the first speed and the second speed, when the movable dancer 156 is disposed in the upper limit detection area 180.
Put another way, the speed at which the controller 160 is configured to run the coiler 154 is inversely proportional to a tension of the slit-sheet stock 122, 123 drawn about the movable dancer 156. Where the tension in the slit-sheet stock 122, 123 decreases and causes the movable dancer 156 to pivot in a first direction, the controller 160 increases the winding speed of the powered spindle 162. On the other hand, where the tension in the slit-sheet stock 122, 123 increases and causes the movable dancer 156 to pivot in a second direction opposite the first direction, the controller 160 decreases the winding speed of the powered spindle 162.
It is noted, that the speeds relative to the detection areas are provided with respect to the illustrated construction of the dunnage conversion system 120 having the sheet stock 122, 123 drawn under a bottom of the guide member 170. In other embodiments, the dunnage conversion system 120 may be constructed such that the sheet stock 122, 123 is drawn over a top of the guide member 170.
A method of making the coil of dunnage 24, 124 from a sheet stock 22, 23, 122, 123 also is provided. The method includes the steps of (a) winding the sheet stock 23, 123 in a converted form at a controlled tension into a coiled configuration about a spindle 30, 162 to form the coil of dunnage 24, 124, (b) drawing the sheet stock 22, 23, 122, 123 upstream of the spindle 30, 162 about a movable dancer 32, 156, the drawing applying tension in the sheet stock 22, 23, 122, 123 extending between the movable dancer 32, 156 and the spindle 30, 162, and (c) controlling the rotational speed of the spindle 30, 162 to control the tension in the sheet stock 22, 23, 122, 123 upstream of the spindle 30, 162, the speed being controlled in an inverse relationship relative to a tension in the sheet stock 22, 23, 122, 123 drawn about the movable dancer 32, 156. Controlling the rotational speed of the spindle 30, 162 may include controlling the speed based on the angular position of the movable dancer 32, 156. The sheet stock 22, 23, 122, 123 may be a slit-sheet stock. The method may further include the step of expanding the slit-sheet stock 22, 23, 122, 123 upstream of the spindle 30, 162.
In one summary, a dunnage conversion system 20, 120 for making a coil of dunnage 24, 124 from a sheet stock 22, 23, 122, 123 includes (i) a coiling means 30, 154 for winding sheet stock 23, 123 in a converted form into a coiled configuration to form the coil of dunnage 24, 124, (ii) a movable dancing means 32, 156 upstream of the coiling means 30, 154 about which the sheet stock 22, 122 is drawn, the movable dancing means 32, 156 for applying tension in the sheet stock 22, 122 between the movable dancing means 32, 156 and the coiling means 30, 154, and (iii) a controlling means 34, 160 communicatively coupled to the coiling means 30, 154 and to the movable dancing means 32, 156, the controlling means 34, 160 for controlling the speed of the coiling means 30, 154 in relation to a relative positioning of the movable dancing means 32, 156 to control the tension in the sheet stock 22, 122 between the movable dancing means 32, 156 and the coiling means 30, 154. The dunnage conversion system 20, 120 may further include (d) a measuring means 176 for measuring a pivot angle of the movable dancing means 32, 156 as the sheet stock 22, 23, 122, 123 is drawn about the measuring means 176. The controlling means 34, 160 may be configured to control a winding speed of a slit-sheet stock 22, 23, 122, 123 to control, upstream of the coiling means 34, 160, the conversion via expansion of the slit-sheet stock 22, 23, 122, 123 into an expanded strip of dunnage 23, 123.
Summarized another way, the present invention provides a dunnage conversion system 20, 120 for making a coil of dunnage 24, 124 from a sheet stock 22, 23, 122, 123, and includes a coiler 30, 154, a movable dancer 32, 156 upstream of the coiler 30, 154 and interposed in a path of the sheet stock 22, 23, 122, 123, and a controller 34, 160 communicatively coupled to each of the coiler 30, 154 and the movable dancer 32, 156. The coiler 30, 154 is configured to wind converted sheet stock 23, 123 into a coiled configuration to form a coil of dunnage 24, 124. The controller 34, 160 is configured to control the speed of the coiler 30, 154 based on the position of the movable dancer 32, 156 to control tension of the sheet stock 22, 122 upstream of the coiler 30, 154. The sheet stock 22, 23, 122, 123 drawn about the movable dancer 32, 156 to the coiler 30, 154 may be a slit-sheet stock 22, 23, 122, 123, for example, having a plurality of slits 42 configured to expand under tension applied across the slits 42, such as in a feed direction. The controller 34, 160 may be configured to control expansion of the slit-sheet stock 22, 23, 122, 123 upstream of the coiler 30, 154 allowing conversion of the sheet stock 22, 23, 122, 123 into a relatively less dense dunnage 23, 123 prior to or as it is wound into a coil 24, 124.
Although the invention has been shown and described with respect to certain embodiments, it is obvious that equivalent alterations and modifications will occur to others skilled in the art upon the reading and understanding of this specification and the annexed drawings. In particular regard to the various functions performed by the above described components, the terms (including a reference to a “means”) used to describe such components are intended to correspond, unless otherwise indicated, to any component which performs the specified function of the described component (i.e., that is functionally equivalent), even though not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure which performs the function in the herein illustrated exemplary embodiments of the invention. In addition, while a particular feature of the invention can have been disclosed with respect to only one of the several embodiments, such feature can be combined with one or more other features of the other embodiments as may be desired and advantageous for any given or particular application.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/355,964 filed Jun. 29, 2016, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2017/039945 | 6/29/2017 | WO | 00 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62355964 | Jun 2016 | US |
