BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the field of paint mixers of the type for mixing paint and related liquid coatings in conventional containers in the range of about 5 gallons or about 20 liters. More particularly, the present invention relates to such mixers which utilize gyroscopic mixing motion while the coating container is clamped between a pair of opposed plates. It is to be understood that such mixers are suitable for mixing coatings in the range of about 1 gallon to about 5 gallons (or the metric equivalent), and may be utilized to mix coatings in other than cylindrical containers, including, but not limited to so-called “square” containers, particularly when adapters or special shaped container holders are used.
In the past, one such mixer clamped the coating container by advancing one plate towards the other using a lead screw rotated by a hand wheel. While such an approach was generally satisfactory, the lead screw was prone to unscrewing during mixing, resulting in unintended partial or full release of the coating container, with consequent damage to the coating container and possibly the mixer. If the coating container was breached during such release, the coating would typically spill, contaminating the mixer and possibly the environment of the mixer. Such a result is naturally undesirable. In addition such prior art mixers typically stopped with the paint container allowed to come to rest in an arbitrary position.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention overcomes the shortcoming of the above described prior art mixer by providing a paint mixer that has a gear train that has an integer gear ratio between first and second axes of a mixing frame carrying a paint container. The gear train also may have a timing relationship to repeatably position the paint container to a predetermined orientation with respect to the housing when the paint container stops after mixing. The predetermined orientation is preferably a front-to-back orientation that is desirable. The invention may also include a lip relief on a lower clamping plate positioned to allow easy insertion and removal of the paint container with respect to the frame in the predetermined orientation. More particularly, the lip relief is formed in a raised lip on the lower clamp plate to aid in the transfer of the paint container into and out of the clamping apparatus. The invention may alternatively include a strike plate on a lower edge of a loading and unloading opening in the housing. Another aspect of the present invention is a guide roller located above the strike plate at the lower edge of the front opening of the mixer. The strike plate prevents the roller from denting the paint container as it is removed from the mixer, particularly when the container is metal.
Alternatively the present invention may include a method of mixing paint using a gear train that has an integer gear ratio between rotations of a paint mixing frame about first and second axes, with one axis offset from the center of mass to permit gravity to position the mixing apparatus such that the paint container is upright and in a predetermined orientation in the absence of rotational force applied to the frame. The method may also include sliding the paint container off the lower clamping plate through the relief. In an alternative, the method may also include contacting the strike plate with the paint container during unloading.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a mixer useful in the practice of the present invention, shown with a door open to illustrate certain features of the mixer.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary view of an enclosure of the mixer from FIG. 1 with parts omitted to illustrate certain features of the mixer.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the clamping mechanism useful in the practice of the present invention.
FIG. 3A is a simplified view of alternative embodiments for a unitary frame for the clamping mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view similar to that of FIG. 3, except with certain parts exploded from the mechanism.
FIG. 5 is a further exploded view of certain parts of FIG. 4.
FIG. 5A is an enlarged exploded view of a bearing assembly useful in the practice of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an exploded detail view of a pawl assembly for a locking mechanism useful in the practice of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a top plan view of the parts shown in FIG. 3 in a first position.
FIG. 8 is a view similar to that of FIG. 7, except with parts shown in a second position.
FIG. 9 is a view from the back of a base and mounting structure for the mixer of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a side view of certain parts of the mixer of the present invention showing mounting details thereof.
FIG. 11 is an exploded view of certain parts from FIG. 10 showing the relationship of drive train parts of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a front view of the clamping mechanism.
FIG. 13 is a view similar to that of FIG. 12, except showing a 5 gallon container received in the clamping mechanism, and illustrating the center of rotation and center mass of the container and clamping mechanism.
FIG. 14 is a simplified side view of the mixer of the present invention partially cut away to illustrate certain loading and unloading features of the mixer of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a perspective view similar to that of FIG. 14, with some parts cut away and other parts exploded.
FIG. 16 is a detail view showing a lower front panel of the mixer showing details of parts to be mounted thereon.
FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a strike plate bracket useful in the practice of the present invention.
FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the strike plate bracket of FIG. 17, with a roller attached thereto, forming a strike plate assembly.
FIG. 19 is a side view of the strike plate assembly of FIG. 18.
FIG. 20 is a section view of the strike plate bracket taken along line 20-20 of FIG. 17.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring to the Figures, and most particularly to FIGS. 1 and 2, an improved paint mixer 20 may be seen. Mixer 20 is of the type having a clamping mechanism 21 which includes a rotatable frame 23 and a pair of opposed plates 22 and 24 sized and spaced to receive and clamp a conventional 5 gallon container of paint or similar coating material. In operation, mixer 20 will rotate the container about a pair of axes 26 and 28 as indicated by arrows 30 and 32. Mixer 20 has an enclosure 34 with a door 36, shown in an OPEN position in FIGS. 1 and 2. Suitable controls 38 may be mounted on a control panel 40 to start, stop and control the operation (e.g., timing) of the mixer 20.
As may be seen most clearly in FIG. 2, mixer 20 may have a single pivot point system 42 on each side (only one of which is shown) which improves alignment and durability of the door 36. System 42 includes a mounting pad 44 secured to the enclosure 34, and a boss 46 for pivotably receiving and supporting a door mounting arm 48 for pivoting movement thereabout. Arm 48 is pivotably secured to boss 46 via a bushing 50 and cap screw 52. Referring now again to FIG. 1, arm 48 is preferably secured to door 36 via one or more gussets 54.
Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 4, certain details of the clamping mechanism 21 may be seen. The clamping mechanism 21 has a channel 56 supporting the lower plate 24 through intermediate structure to be described infra. A pair of shaft weldments 58 support channel 56. A tumble arm weldment 60 has a pair of projecting channels 62 securing shaft weldments 58 to a back plate 64 of the tumble arm weldment 60. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, frame 23 is made up of a number of pieces secured together, as described above.
Referring now to FIG. 3A, a first alternative embodiment of a unitary frame 23′ including backplate and upright portions of the clamping mechanism 21 may be seen. In this embodiment, a backplate 64′ is formed from the same piece of material as upright portions 58.′ Upright portions 58′ may have flanges 57 to maintain alignment of the movable portion 66 of the clamping mechanism 21. As a further alternative embodiment, an extension 56′ of the backplate 64′ may extend under lower plate 24 in place of channel 56. Either channel 56 or extension 56′ may be secured to upright portions 58′ by any conventional means, such as welds 59. Similarly, as a still further alternative embodiment, the bridge 78 may be formed as an extension 78′ shown in phantom in FIG. 3A as a folded top extending from and formed of the same piece of material as backplate 64′ and secured by conventional means to upright portions 58.′
An upper clamp mechanism or yoke assembly 66 includes a movable cross member 68, top plate 22, a pair of paint splash guards 70, a pair of polymer guide plates 72, a lead screw nut 76 and a bearing assembly 88 (shown in FIGS. 5 and 5A). Mechanism 66 is free to travel up and down along portions 73 of shafts 58, as controlled by a lead screw 74 turning in the nut 76 mounted in cross member 68. Upper clamp mechanism 66 is carried by an upper portion 69 of the frame 23 of the clamping mechanism 21. Lead screw 74 is rotatably mounted in a bridge 78 spanning the two shaft weldments 58. Lead screw 74 is secured to and rotatable by a wing plate 80 having a rotatable handle 82 and a fixed handle 84. A sprocket 86 is secured to wing plate 80 for rotation therewith. Wing plate 80, together with its associated handles 82 and 84, sprocket 86, and a pawl assembly 95 together form a lock 105. Lock 105 and bridge 78, together with associated parts, such as fasteners, form the upper portion 69 of rotatable frame 23.
Referring now also to FIGS. 5, 5A and 6, the bearing assembly 88 supports lead screw 74 on bridge 78. A retaining ring 83 is received on a retaining ring groove 85 located just below a square shaped end 87 on lead screw 74. A mating square shaped hole 81 for receiving end 87 is located in wing plate 80. Referring most particularly to FIG. 5A, the bearing assembly 88 includes a sealed double row anti-friction ball bearing 89 for radial loads, a bearing bracket 91, and an anti-friction roller bearing 93 and associated thrust washers 97 for axial thrust loads imposed on the lead screw or centrally-located threaded rod 74. Referring now most particularly to FIG. 6, a pawl assembly 95 includes a pawl shaft 96, a spring 102, a bracket 104 and a pair of set screws 98, along with a manually releasable pawl 90 having a tooth 92. Referring now again also to FIGS. 4 and 5, tooth 92 has an involute-like profile and is biased into engagement with sprocket 86 (which also has involute-like teeth) but allows wing plate 80 to rotate in the direction of advancing the lead screw 74, tightening the clamping mechanism 21. When it is desired to retract the lead screw 74 to loosen the clamping mechanism 21, a pawl handle 94 of the pawl assembly 95 is grasped and used to rotate pawl 90 until the tooth 92 is out of engagement with sprocket 86, allowing reverse rotation of the wing plate 80, preferably via handle 82. Pawl 90 is secured to the rotatable pawl shaft 96 by the pair of set screws 98 (see FIG. 6) and pawl 90 is biased in the direction opposite arrow 100 (see FIG. 7) by the spring 102 carried on pawl shaft 96 and acting against the bracket 104 also carried on pawl shaft 96. Spring 102 reacts against a threaded fastener 103 secured to bridge 78. A second threaded fastener 107 acts as a stop to limit the degree of rotation of pawl assembly 95.
Referring now also to FIGS. 7 and 8, the parts of a selectively releasable lock 105 (including pawl assembly 95 and wing plate 80) for the clamping mechanism 21 may be seen in plan view in two operating positions. Lock 105 has a first state shown in FIG. 7 preventing retracting movement of the second plate 22 with respect to the first plate 24 and permitting advancing movement of the second plate 22 with respect to the first plate 24. In FIG. 7, wing plate 80 is cutaway to show the engagement of tooth 92 with sprocket 86. As wing plate 80 is rotated in the direction of arrow 106, sprocket 86 drives the pawl 90 to rotate in the direction of arrow 100 until the tooth 92 is clear of the sprocket 86, permitting clamping force to be applied to a paint container (with or without an adapter) located between plates 22 and 24. It is to be understood that pawl 90 will ratchet against sprocket 86 as rotation of wing plate 80 continues. Initially, rotatable handle 82 may be used in a single-handed fashion, if desired, to rapidly rotate wing plate 80 to advance plate 22 towards a top of a paint container resting on plate 24. Once plate 22 comes into contact with the top of the paint container, fixed handle 84 may be used along with movable handle 82 in a two-handed fashion to snugly seat plate 22 against the top of the paint container to securely clamp the paint container using the clamping mechanism 21.
If wing plate 80 is urged in the direction opposite that of arrow 106 without releasing the pawl 90, the lock 105 will prevent release of the clamping force previously applied to the paint container located between plates 22 and 24. Once the paint container is securely clamped, the mixer is preferably operated to mix the contents of the paint container with a spinning and tumbling motion.
When it is desired to remove the paint container from the clamping mechanism 21, the lock 105 is released, and the wing plate rotated to retract plate 22 from the top of the paint container. Lock 105 is released by manually moving the pawl 90 to at least the position shown in FIG. 8, where pawl 90 is shown with tooth 92 clearing the sprocket 86. FIG. 8 illustrates a second state for lock 105 permitting retracting movement of the second plate 22 with respect to the first plate 24. To maintain lock 105 in the second state it is to be understood that pawl handle 94 must be manually grasped and pawl 90 moved in the direction of arrow 100 to at least the position shown in FIG. 8, where the tooth 92 is clear of the sprocket 86, permitting wing plate 80 to be rotated in the direction of arrow 108, releasing the clamping mechanism 21. It is to be understood that if pawl 90 is moved further than as shown in FIG. 8 such that there is clearance between tooth 92 and sprocket 86, lock 105 will still be in the second state, i.e., the state permitting release of the clamping mechanism 21.
It may thus be seen that when lock 105 is in the first state, pawl 90 is biased into engagement with sprocket 86, permitting clamping motion and preventing releasing motion. When lock 105 is in the second state, pawl 90 is manually urged out of engagement with sprocket 86, permitting releasing motion of the clamping mechanism 21.
Again referring also to FIGS. 3 and 4, the paint guards 70 respectively shield each of a reduced diameter portion 73 of the shaft weldments 58 that provide a range of travel for the movable part 66 of the clamping mechanism 21. If paint were allowed to accumulate on these portions of the shaft weldments 58, it would subject the movable upper clamp mechanism 66 to the possibility of uneven loading, due to one side or the other binding between the mechanism 66 (more particularly, the guide plate 72) and a reduced diameter portion 73 of the shaft weldments 58. In other words, the paint guards 70 keep the reduced diameter portions 73 (which correspond to the range-of-travel for the upper clamp mechanism 66) clean and free of paint that may escape from a lid or bung of a coating container when the mixer 20 is operated. Each paint guard 70 may have a flange 71 with an aperture 79 having a diameter slightly larger than a diameter of portion 73 and smaller than a diameter of portion 58 below a step 77. Contact between flange 71 and step 77 on shaft weldment or upright member or portion 58 prevents further downward travel of the clamping mechanism 21 to provide a stop or limit to motion of the movable part 66 at the end of the range-of-travel when flange 71 contacts step 77.
The guide plates 72 provide a low-friction interface between the upper clamp mechanism 66 and each of the range-of-travel portions 73 of shaft weldments 58. It is to be understood that each of the guide plates 72 have a U-shaped cutout 75 that closely interfits with the reduced diameter portion 73 of shaft weldments 58. Guide plates 72 are formed of a polymer, preferably acetal or UHMW polyethylene. Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, it can thus be seen that the pair of polymer guide members 72 are secured to cross member 68, with each of the guide members 72 in contact with a respective one of the upright members or portions 58 for reducing noise and friction that could otherwise result from contact with at least one of the upright members or portions.
Another aspect of the mixer 20 may be seen with respect to FIGS. 9, 10 and 11. In this aspect, the paint mixer includes a main drive 110 having an output 112 connected to the rotatable frame 23 to rotate the frame about the first axis 28 with the main drive rigidly mounted on a common base 114 to which a stationary gear 116 is rigidly mounted. The mixer 20 also includes a gear box or gear train 118 mounted on the rotatable frame 23 with an output 120 connected to the first plate 24 to rotate the first plate about the second axis 26. The gear train has a gear ratio between the rotations of the frame 23 about the first axis 28 and the rotations of the first plate 24 about the second axis 26 in a fixed ratio. The gear train also has an input 122 connected to a planet gear 124 engaged with the stationary gear 116 such that the rigid mounting of the main drive 110 and stationary gear 116 to the common base 114 maintains a desired engagement between the stationary gear 116 and the planet gear 124. Suitable vibration dampers 126 may be located between the common base 114 and a main base assembly 128 of the mixer 20. Main base assembly may include a generally pan-shaped lower portion 129 and a bridge-shaped upper portion 131, with the lower and upper portions secured together, such as by welding. The main drive 110 thus provides a means for rotating the frame 23 about the first axis 28 within the enclosure or housing 34; and the gear box 118 provides means for spinning a paint container about the second axis 26, which is perpendicular to the first axis 28.
The main drive 110 may have an electric motor 130 and a right angle gear reducer 132 to drive output 112 connected to the frame 23. The output 112 may have a shaft 134 supported by a flanged bearing 136 and by gear reducer 132. It is to be understood that shaft 134 extends into gear reducer to be driven therefrom and is secured thereto by a threaded fastener 133 and washers 135. Shaft 134 carries a drive plate 138 for attachment to the back plate 64 of the clamping mechanism 21. Bearing 136 is mounted on common base 114. Common base 114 has a vertical portion 140 and a horizontal portion 142, and may have gussets 144 welded to portions 140 and 142 to stiffen the common base 114. Motor 130 and gear reducer 132 are mounted on the common base 114. Bearing 136 is preferably secured to shaft 134 by a conventional squeeze clamp type attachment.
Referring now most particularly to FIGS. 12 and 13, another aspect of the present invention may be seen. In FIGS. 12 and 13 a cross 150 indicates the center of rotation for the tumble axis 28. In FIG. 13, a cross 152 indicates the center of gravity of the rotatable clamping mechanism 21 (including frame 23) and one type of conventional paint container such as a conventional five gallon cylindrical container 156. It is to be understood that in the practice of the present invention the location of the assembly and container center of gravity indicated by cross 152 is desirably located below cross 150 by an offset distance 154. The offset distance 154 will vary, depending upon the size, shape and type of container and the mass of the coating material contents of the container 156. For example mixer 20 is suitable for mixing paint in polymer or metal containers, which are known to have different aspect ratios, i.e., height to diameter ratios. Nevertheless, requiring the location of the center of gravity 152 of the combination of the clamping mechanism 21 and container clamped in the frame 23 to be below the center of rotation 150 for the tumble axis 28 (when the container and frame are in an upright position) will, as a result, allow the rotatable clamping mechanism 21 (including frame 23) to come to rest with the paint container 156 in a generally upright position after mixing, as shown in FIG. 13, when the container 156 is clamped between plates 22 and 24 regardless of the size, type, shape or material of the container or the mass of the coating contents, and whether or not an adapter is used (for example, to hold a special shaped or sized container).
The main drive 110 provides a first means for rotating the frame 23 of clamping mechanism 21 about the first axis 28 within the enclosure or housing 34; and the gear box or gear train 118 provides a second means for spinning the paint container 156 about the second axis 26, which is perpendicular to the first axis 28. As described above, the frame 23 is offset by the distance 154 with respect to the first axis 28 such that the frame 23 will come to rest with the paint container 156 in a generally upright position after mixing.
Referring now to FIGS. 14 through 20 a still further aspect of the improved paint mixer 20 of the present invention may be seen. A strike plate assembly 160 is located at a lower edge 162 of an opening 164 in the enclosure 34 for loading and unloading the paint container 156 with respect to the mixer 20. The strike plate assembly 160 includes a strike plate 166 located generally at or below the lower edge 162 of the opening 164 and facing an inside 165 of the mixer 20 for receiving the impact of the paint container 156 as it is unloaded from the paint mixer 20, as shown in FIG. 14. Without the strike plate 166, it is to be understood that a side 168 of the paint container 156 may easily be dented (when the container is made of metal) upon impact with a roller 170 located above the strike plate 166 for transferring the paint container 156 into and out of the mixer 20. As may be seen most clearly in FIGS. 14 and 20, the strike plate 166 contacts the bottom edge 172 of the paint container 156, and prevents the side 168 from becoming dented when the paint container 156 is tilted as shown in FIG. 14 while being removed from mixer 20. The strike plate 166 forms a part of a roller bracket 174 carrying the roller 170 and adjustably secured to a lower front plate 176 of the housing 34 for adjusting the height of the roller 170 and strike plate 166 forming the strike plate assembly 160. Bracket 174 is secured to front plate 176 by a first pair of screws 178 extending forward through front plate 176 and a second pair of screws 179 extending rearward through an interrupted flange 181, which is preferably formed from the same material as front plate 176. A cross section view of the relationship of the strike plate assembly 160 (including roller bracket 174) and the flanged front plate 176 is shown in FIG. 20. Height adjustment of the roller 170 may be achieved by loosening both sets of attachment screws 178, 179 and sliding the assembly 160 vertically with respect to slots 180, 182 and then tightening screws 178, 179. In FIGS. 15 and 16, slots 182 may be seen. These slots receive screws (not shown) similar to screws 178. The slots 180 align with pressed in nuts 184 in front flanges 186 and slots 182 align with pressed in nuts 188 in rear flanges 200. The strike plate 166 may have a stiffener angle plate 202 for reinforcement, it being understood that strike plate 166 and stiffener angle plate 202 together make up an “L” shaped cross-section 204 as shown most clearly in FIG. 20.
Referring back to FIGS. 3 and 10-13, in another aspect of the present invention a relief 210 is formed in lower plate 24 to assist in loading and unloading paint containers on to and off of plate 24. The lower plate 24 includes a raised portion or lip 212 surrounding a portion of a periphery of the plate and the relief 210 in the raised portion 212 is sufficiently wide to enable or assist in loading and unloading the paint container on to and off of the first or lower plate 24 by permitting sliding the container through or across the relief 210 instead of having to lift the container over the lip 212. The relief 210 is oriented towards a front of the mixer when the mixer is stopped. This is accomplished by providing an integer gear ratio and synchronizing the timing of rotation about spin axis 26 with the tumble axis 28 such that the relief 210 is forward facing each time the rotatable frame 23 of clamping mechanism 21 reaches an upright position, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. The number of teeth in the stationary gear 116 and in the planet or spur gear 124 and the ratio of gear train 118 set the ratio of the spin and tumble revolutions and the positioning of the spur gear 124 with respect to the stationary gear 116 (once the ratio of gear train 118 is fixed) may be used to synchronize the timing of the spin and tumble rotational movements.
The invention is not to be taken as limited to all of the details thereof as modifications and variations thereof may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Patent Application
20070081416
