Patent Application
20100011922
1. Field of Invention
This invention relates generally to an apparatus and method for cutting food product. More specifically, this invention relates to an apparatus and method for ultrasonically forming a plurality of food product pieces from a food product base or source.
2. Description of Related Art
Forming food products on an industrial basis by slitting and cutting food product base to form the food products into desired shapes and/or sizes has always posed significant challenges. On one hand, the composition and consistency of the food product required accurate formulation and suitable conditioning to prevent product distortion, contain within acceptable limits product build-up on the cutting blades, and minimize food product waste and scrap. On the other hand, the cutting systems necessitate over-designed drive mechanisms for withstanding high cutting forces, and a number of gadgets and components, such as blade wipers, vibrators, lubricators and stalls.
Prior art systems were designed and developed to enhance cutting performance, keep the cutting blades clean and control the position of the food product during and after the cut, so that the cut food product could be subsequently processed. The designs and developments, beside adding complexity to the overall system and requiring significant operational down time for sanitation and maintenance of the components, required the use of straight and flat blades. However, the use of straight and flat blades necessarily limits the cutting and slitting action to straight lines and planes, thereby limiting the resulting food product to traditional parallelopiped shaped pieces.
With the advent of ultrasonic cutting, designers replace the old mechanical cutting blades with cutting systems operatively connected to ultrasonically resonant horns with the same characteristics, i.e. straight, flat cutting blades, in essence perpetuating the traditional food product shapes.
The invention of ultrasonic forming, for example as taught in U.S. Pat. No. 5,861,185 issued to Capodieci, represents a departure from this conservative approach. Capodieci teaches the use of uniquely-shaped cavities that offer an array of options ranging from complex silhouettes to highly detailed, fully three dimensional food products. This technology, although highly elegant and effective, has some limitations. For example, making silhouette food product pieces from a slab of food product base inevitably entails the production of an extensive scrap web with all its obvious side effects. Because of the nature of the manufacturing process, individual food product pieces are punched from a continuous food product slab or sheet, thereby leaving a substantial web of scrap product which must be disposed of, either as waste or reintroduced into the process. Additionally, for certain products having predictable cutting characteristics, where simpler silhouette shapes are required, this technology might not be the most efficient and cost effective solution.
A general object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus and method for forming food product.
A more specific objective of the invention is to overcome one or more of the problems described above.
The general object of this invention can be attained through an apparatus and method which provides for the manufacture of uniquely shaped food product pieces using a cutting and/or slitting tool operatively connected to an ultrasonic resonant horn. In one preferred embodiment of this invention, the cutting tool includes a plurality of longitudinally oriented first cutting blades and a plurality of transversely oriented second cutting blades. Each of the second cutting blades is positioned between adjacent first cutting blades to form a continuous cutting pattern having longitudinally oriented slits and transversely oriented cuts, wherein successive cutting patterns form a plurality of substantially identical food product cubes.
In one preferred embodiment of this invention, the cutting tool includes one or more suitably driven profiled cutting blades, which engage longitudinally a slab of food product, thereby slitting the food product slab along a pattern established by the blades' shape to form a plurality of food product strips. An array of suitably driven, profiled cutting blades engage the food product strips transversely further downstream. The result, in all cases, is a plurality of food product pieces each having side edges, as well as leading and rear edges, having with corresponding shapes of the slitting and cutting blades. The profiled cutting blades have cutting surfaces or edges that are profiled and shaped in such a way to impart to the formed food product pieces a variety of corresponding curvilinear, zigzag or complex edges.
In one preferred embodiment of this invention, the cutting tool can be used to form a plurality of substantially identical, individual food product pieces from a continuous food product base, such as a slab, rope or strip of food product, using any suitable profiled cutting blade to impart various shaped cuts on a food product strip. Additionally, various cuts can be imparted on preformed or preshaped food products to form shaped food product pieces, according to one preferred embodiment of this invention.
In the case of granola, cereal bars, multi-layered sponge cakes, cookies and a variety of other baked or moderately sticky goods, this invention provides uniquely shaped, value added line extensions to anonymously shaped food products, that are highly appealing and desirable to consumers (of children's novelty snacks, for example).
The term “machine direction” as used throughout the specification and in the claims refers to a length of a food product base, such as a food product slab or food product strip, in a direction in which the food product base is produced.
The term “cross machine direction” as used throughout the specification and in the claims refers to a width of a food product base, such as a food product slab or food product strip, in a direction generally perpendicular to the machine direction.
Other objects and advantages will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the appended claims and drawings.
The present invention can be better understood with reference to the following drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several views. Moreover, it should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating principles of the present invention.
The present invention provides an apparatus and method for cutting a food product, wherein a reciprocating cutting tool is mounted with respect to an ultrasonic resonant horn. The apparatus and method of the present invention can be used to slit, cut and/or shape any suitable food product, such as candy or confectionary food products, granola, cereal bars, sponge cakes, cookies, wafers and a variety of other baked or moderately sticky goods.
In one preferred embodiment of this invention, an apparatus 10 for forming a plurality of food product pieces, such as cubes, from a food product base, such as a continuous slab or sheet of food product, comprises an ultrasonic tool 15 including an ultrasonic resonant horn 20. Preferably, the ultrasonic horn 20 resonates at a frequency of at least about 10 KHz, and within a frequency range of about 10 KHz to at least about 40 KHz, with 20 KHz, 30 KHz, and 40 KHz being the most preferred frequencies. The chosen frequency is determined by taking into account a variety of factors, such as the complexity of the shaped or profiled cutting tool blade, the product dimensions, audibility issues and intrinsic reliability. It is apparent to those having skill in the art that any suitable ultrasonic system which includes a suitable ultrasonic horn can be used to generate and transfer sufficient ultrasonic energy to a cutting tool 30 mounted with respect to or operatively connected to ultrasonic horn 20 to cut and/or slit the food product base. As used throughout the specification and claims, the terms “cutting tool” and “horn” are generally distinguished by the function of the respective element. In practice, the cutting edges of cutting tool 30 may be: (1) machined or EDM'd into the face of horn 20; (2) attached or integrated with horn 20 as non-resonant blade elements; and/or (3) attached or integrated with horn 20 as full resonant blade elements.
Preferably, a power supply furnishes electrical energy to a converter, wherein high frequency (20 KHz or higher) electric energy is transduced into vibratory mechanical motion, preferably by a plurality of piezoelectric transducer devices. The output of the converter may be amplified, if needed, in what is termed a booster assembly, which also provides a second clamping point at its nodal ring for mechanical stability. The output end face of the booster is secured by suitable means to an upper or input end 22 of ultrasonic horn 20. Cutting tool 30 is operatively connected or mounted with respect to ultrasonic resonant horn 20, preferably at a lower or output end 24 of ultrasonic horn 20. For example as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4-6, cutting tool 30 is integrated with, connected to or otherwise mounted to ultrasonic horn 20. Cutting tool 30 may be removably mounted or connected to ultrasonic horn 20, as shown in
An input conveyor preferably having a continuous serpentine belt is used to convey a continuous slab and/or continuous individual strips or ropes of food product base or material to ultrasonic tool 15. A mixer/extruder or similar source may be used to form the continuous food product base. Preferably, the continuous food product base has a generally uniform cross-section and a self-sustaining shape. The continuous food product strip may be only one of several strips formed from a food product slab of much greater width, but preferably having the same height and consistency. The method or process according to this invention may therefore call for forming a food product slab from which several food product strips are cut and advanced as described herein.
In one preferred embodiment of this invention as shown in
Preferably, but not necessarily, at least a portion of each first cutting blade 35 and at least a portion of each second cutting blade 40 comprises a polished carbide coating. For example, in one preferred embodiment of this invention, each first cutting blade 35 and each second cutting blade 40 comprises a polished carbide cutting edge 39 and 44, respectively. Alternatively, a similar coating or treatment may be implemented on or in connection with at least a portion of first cutting blade 35 and/or second cutting blade 40 so as to provide lubricity for added release of food product as well as greater wearability and longer blade life. As shown in
In one preferred embodiment of this invention, each first cutting blade 35 and each second cutting blade 40 has a cutting depth of about 1 mm to about 100 mm, more preferably about 15 mm. Further, adjacent first cutting blades 35 are preferably positioned at about 3 mm apart to about 300 mm apart, more preferably about 30 mm apart. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that first cutting blades 35 and second cutting blades 40 can have any suitable dimensions, including a cutting blade length, a cutting blade height and cutting blade thickness. Preferably, but not necessarily, first cutting blades 35 and second cutting blades 40 have the same or similar cutting blade height to provide uniform cutting depths. However, first cutting blades 35 and second cutting blades 40 can have different blade lengths to form parellpiped food product pieces having any desirable length and width.
In one preferred embodiment of this invention, each first cutting blade 35 comprises a first blade surface 37 and an opposing second blade surface 38. As shown in
Cutting tool 30 as shown in
In one preferred embodiment of this invention, reciprocating cutting tool 30 comprises at least two transversely oriented composite blade elements forming a continuous cutting pattern. Preferably, at least one of the composite blade elements has an open first end connected with respect to or abuts a closed end of an adjacent composite blade element. The composite blade elements are preferably oriented in a transverse direction with respect to the food product slab or sheet being conveyed or moved towards cutting tool 30. For example, as shown in
Cutting tool 30 may be used to simultaneously slit and cut the food product base using longitudinally oriented first cutting blades 35 and transversely oriented second cutting blades 40 attached to a single ultrasonic resonant horn 20. Such simultaneous slitting and cutting avoids creation of a web and permits sectioning of a continuous food product slab or sheet into individual food product pieces.
Apparatus 10 of the present invention can be utilized to form a plurality of substantially identical food product pieces, for example rows of substantially identical food product cubes, from a continuous food product base, such as a slab or sheet of a food product. Alternatively, or in addition, apparatus 10 may form food product shapes of a predetermined size that are not entirely identical, for instance so as to reproduce a homemade appearance. The method according to one preferred embodiment of this invention forms a plurality of food product cubes from a food product base. The food product base is formed into a food product slab or sheet. The food product slab is conveyed through apparatus 10, which comprises ultrasonic resonant horn 20 and reciprocating cutting tool 30 mounted with respect to ultrasonic resonant horn 20. Preferably, the cutting tool 30 comprises a plurality of longitudinally oriented first cutting blades 35 and a plurality of transversely oriented second cutting blades 40. Each second cutting blade 40 is positioned between and connected with adjacent first cutting blades 35.
A continuous first cutting pattern 50 is formed in the food product slab. Preferably, continuous first cutting pattern 50 is formed in a transverse orientation with respect to the food product slab, i.e. in the cross-machine direction. The first cutting pattern 50 is formed in the food product slab using ultrasonic energy transferred from ultrasonic resonant horn 20 to cutting tool 30. Continuous first cutting pattern 50 is formed by simultaneously forming with longitudinally oriented first cutting blades 35 a plurality of longitudinally oriented slits in the food product slab and forming with transversely oriented second cutting blades 40 a plurality of transversely oriented cuts in the food product slab between adjacent slits. The food product slab is advanced with respect to cutting tool 30 as cutting tool 30 reciprocates.
For example, cutting tool 30 is moved away from the food product slab, in a generally vertical direction with respect to the food product slab, and the food product slab is advanced in a machine direction with respect to cutting tool 30. Cutting tool 30 is then moved toward the food product slab and contacts the food product slab to form a continuous second cutting pattern 50′ in the food product slab with respect to first cutting pattern 50, to form a plurality of food product cubes. Preferably, continuous second cutting pattern 50′ is formed in a transverse orientation with respect to the food product slab. In one preferred embodiment of this invention, the combination of continuous first cutting pattern 50 and continuous second cutting pattern 50′ forms a row of substantially identical food product cubes. For example, an upstream portion of continuous second cutting pattern 50′ contacts a downstream portion of continuous first cutting pattern 50 to form the row of substantially identical food product cubes.
Thus, in one preferred embodiment, this invention provides an apparatus and method for forming a plurality of food product pieces, such as food product cubes, from a food product base using an apparatus having a reciprocating cutting tool operatively connected to an ultrasonic resonant horn, wherein the food product source or base is simultaneously slit using a plurality of equally spaced longitudinally oriented first cutting blades, and cut using a plurality of transversely oriented second cutting blades positioned between and connected with adjacent first cutting blade at a first end portion thereof. As used in the specification and claims, food product base may include a variety of product stock including slabs, strips, sheets and loaves, as well as intermittent, continuous and discrete feed methods.
In one preferred embodiment of this invention, cutting tool 30 comprises at least one profiled cutting blade 32. Profiled cutting blade 32 can be integrated with ultrasonic horn 20 as a part or component of cutting tool 30, as shown for example in
Further, referring to
Profiled cutting blades 32, depending on the application, can be realized in both half wavelength and full wavelength types. Additionally, cutting blades 32 can be simple or composite, depending on whether cutting blades 32 are built from a solid piece, or one or more shaped elements, resonant or not, are connected to a “back driver” or mother horn, by means such as studs, brazing or electron beam welding, for example.
In one preferred embodiment of this invention, a food product slab extends along a machine direction on the input conveyor of apparatus 10. One or more cutting tools 30 are positioned to extend longitudinally, i.e. lengthwise along the same direction as a longitudinal direction of the food product slab. Preferably, cutting tools 30 include a profiled cutting blade 32, such as shown in
One or more cutting tools 30 are preferably positioned downstream of the introduction of the straight or profiled strips of food product material formed during the food product slitting process. Cutting tools 30 are preferably positioned generally perpendicular to the machine direction of the one or more strips of food product material, i.e. in a transverse direction along a width of the food product strips. Each cutting tool 30 preferably includes a profiled cutting blade 32, such as shown in
Referring further to
In one preferred embodiment of this invention, a preshaped product, such as a pre-shaped circular food product piece as shown in
As a result of the above-described embodiments, a food product slab may be slit longitudinally with at least one ultrasonic cutting tool having a straight or profiled cutting blade to form a plurality of food product strips. The food product strips may next be cut transversely using an ultrasonic cutting tool having a straight or profiled cutting blade, thereby resulting in a food product piece having between one and four profiled edges, depending upon the desired food product piece shape. The method and apparatus of this invention thereby enables an infinite number of potential food product piece shapes depending upon the desired complexity of the cutting blades. Different combinations include profiled slitting and profiled cutting; profiled slitting and straight cutting; and straight slitting and profiled cutting. These various options greatly reduce the likelihood of scrap or waste food product base because a food product web will not typically result from such an arrangement.
One product made possible by the foregoing embodiment of this invention is the formation of a food product into a puzzle comprising any suitable number of food puzzle pieces. The product may be sold to a consumer with the food puzzle pieces assembled in a puzzle format. The consumer can disassemble the puzzle by disengaging the food puzzle pieces and then reassemble the food puzzle pieces as desired, for example.
The cutting tools of the present invention may be controlled and/or adjusted using linear servos. Linear servos may be mechanically connected to the ultrasonic horns to permit operation of cutting systems independently and/or dependently from adjacent cutting systems or tools, independently and/or dependently of the motion of the product through the apparatus and independently and/or dependently of previous in-line cutting cycles. Each module of blades may be programmed independently, including such parameters as speed, force, etc. Such adjustments may be made in process. In addition, vertical motion of the cutting blades may be programmed independently of horizontal motion of the product to optimize cuts through a particular product. Such linear servos may be safely immersed in liquid and/or food products. Finally, such linear servos do not have reliability issues associated with traditional machinery having springs, pulleys and/or chains, for example.
The invention illustratively disclosed herein suitably may be practiced in the absence of any element, part, step, component, or ingredient which is not specifically disclosed herein.
While in the foregoing detailed description this invention has been described in relation to certain preferred embodiments thereof, and many details have been set forth for purposes of illustration, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is susceptible to additional embodiments and that certain of the details described herein can be varied considerably without departing from the basic principles of the invention.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/718,255, filed on 20 Nov. 2003. The co-pending parent Patent Application is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety and is made a part hereof, including but not limited to those portions which specifically appear hereinafter.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60427729 | Nov 2002 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 10718255 | Nov 2003 | US |
| Child | 12499629 | US |
